欧盟圈讨论:各国在历史中犯下的最大错误是什么?
2021-07-02 yzy86 18524
正文翻译


(图解:法国大革命)
葡萄牙人提问:你们国家在历史上犯过的最大错误是什么?

评论翻译
Tychus_Balrog
Breaking our treaty with Slesvig-Holsten which lead to the war of 1864 and us losing Slesvig-Holsten.
Idiotic.

(丹麦)撕毁了和石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因的协议,导致了1864年战争(即普丹战争),最后我们丢掉了石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因。讽刺啊
(译注:石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因现为德国最北面的一个州)

Let us not forget when you gave us your future oil fields.

(挪威)我们可不能忘记,是你们把你们未来的油田给了我们。
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Our generosity knows no bounds Skåne/scania to sweden Slesvig Holsten to Germany And all the oil to norway
Now that we have pleased all our neighbours, we can do absolutely nothing. GREAT SUCCES!!

(丹麦)我们的慷慨是无止境的,把斯科耐和斯堪尼亚送给了瑞典,把石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因送给了德国,还把所有的石油送给了挪威。
既然我们已经取悦了我们所有的邻国,那我们的一事无成便是板上钉钉的了。多么巨大的成功啊!!!

Well, made you happiest people on earth, apparently and fairly rich and egalitarian. Giving is more blessed than taking or something.

(德)好吧,这也让你们成为了地球上最幸福的一群人,而且相当有钱,还特别注重平等。给予比接受之类的更得福。
(译注:丹麦长年在世界幸福感排名中位列第一)

I think siding with Napoleon and letting Sweden get Norway.

(丹麦)我觉得是站在拿破仑一边,然后听任瑞典得到挪威。

Didn't the British pre-emptively attack you though?

(匈)可是,英国人不是已经先发制人地攻击你们了吗?

Yup. Either we were attacked by Napoleon or by the British. Damned if you do, damned if you dont.

(丹麦)是的。当时我们不是被拿破仑攻击,就是被英国人攻击。这么干会完蛋,不这么干还是会完蛋。

modern_milkman
I guess it's pretty obvious, but: letting Adolf Hitler run as chancellor.
While the Nazis had a lot of support, that support was already starting to decline in 1933.
The Weimar republic was doomed to fail, but basically any other outcome would have been better than the one we got.

(德)我感觉答案是显而易见的,那就是让阿道夫希特勒以总理的身份掌权。
虽然支持纳粹的人很多,但1933年的时候,这种支持已经开始减退了。
魏玛共和国是注定要失败的,但基本上,其他任何结果都会比我们现在看到的这个要好。

On a very granular level, one administrative decision with giant consequences: after Hitler's failed putsch in 1923, he was convicted and sent to (high quality) prison for a rather short time. it was the law at the time that a foreigner after serving his sentence for treason, was to be banned from Germany never to return.

(回复)在一个更细化的层面上,有一个行政决定带来了重大的后果:在希特勒1923年的暴动(即啤酒馆暴动)失败后,他被定了罪,然后被送去关了很短的一段时间,那可是个高水准的监狱。当时的法律规定,外国人因叛国罪服完刑后,会被禁止进入德国,永远都不能再回来。

However, the judge handling Hitler's case said he was "impressed by his Germanness" and a bunch of other shit, deciding to waive the exile that was required by law. Nobody knows what would have happened, but being banned from Germany would have been a significant factor I would think.

可是那位经手希特勒这个案子的法官却说,他“被希特勒身上的德国魂给折服了”,外加其他一些鬼话,于是他就决定免去了法律所规定的逐出本国。没人知道本来会发生什么,但我觉得禁止进入德国本来会是一个至关重要的因素。
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lulzmachine
Probably Charls XII launching a disastrous campaign against Russia, leading to the collapse of the Swedish "great power" status

(瑞典)也许是查理十二世发动了一场针对俄国的灾难性战役,导致瑞典“大国”地位的崩塌。

Yes, but entering Sweden into dull countries, which is a dream for many territiories

(回复)是啊,但是把瑞典变成低调无趣的国家,是很多地区的梦想。

Bestest_man
I think the very first finns that decided to stay here made the biggest mistake. They could've gone to the Mediterranean or somewhere where it's easy to grow food... but no. They decided to stay here, where it always rains, it's cold and the food sucks ass.

(芬)我觉得,是最初决定留在这里的芬兰人犯下了最大的错误。他们本来可以去地中海地区或是其他什么地方,在这些地方种粮食会比较容易…可是他们没有。他们决定留在这里,而这里总是在下雨,气候寒冷,而且食物很烂。

Contrary to popular belief Mediterranean is not suitable for agriculture. It has dry climate. Ukraine would be better.

(土耳其)和流行的观点相反,地中海地区并不适合农业。那里的气候很干燥。乌克兰会好一些。

The alternative isn't Mediterranean beaches, it's being invaded by the Mongols, the Ottomans, Austria, Romania, Nazi Germany and the Soviet unx. Trust me, we tried that path and it didn't go well...
(Although now that I think about it, you've had your fair share of invasions and occupations as well...)

(匈)替代选择可不是地中海的海滩,而是被蒙古人、奥斯曼人、奥地利、罗马尼亚、纳粹德国和苏联入侵。相信我,那条路线我们已经试过了,结果并不好…
(虽然我现在又想了一下,侵略和占领这种事你们也没少干)

Hey, you were the invaders back then.

(爱沙尼亚)喂,当时你们才是侵略者好吗

No one wants to invade you, plunder your food and women
Central europe might have been nicer to settle but its more or less a highway of death from the asian steppes to northern france where invasions were regularily carried out
And the mediterranian had the same problem but with seafaring empires

(奥地利)没人想入侵你们,也没人想掠夺你们的粮食和女人
中欧地区可能会更适合定居,但那里差不多也是通向死亡的捷径,从亚洲草原到法国北部,在这些地方入侵是家常便饭。
而且地中海地区的海上帝国也会带来同样的问题

And then you Finns came to America, and where did you settle? In Northern MN. At least Finland has beautiful scenery!

(回复)然后你们这些芬兰人又来到了美国,而你们选择在哪里定居呢?是在明尼苏达州北部。至少芬兰还有很美的风景!
(译注:明尼苏达州和加拿大接壤,是美国本土最靠北、最寒冷的地区)

Because it was like Finland but better. Similar climate, but more fertile soil and plenty of space for everyone.

(芬)因为那里很像芬兰,却比芬兰更好。气候很接近,但土壤更肥沃,而且有足够的空间供给每一个人。

Inccubus99
Reliance on Poland. We gained much as Poland mediated with western europe for us, and was ruled by our kin. But with unx of lublin, Poland took half of Ukraine from us thus diminishing our "rewards" for being the best warriors in the east. With time, as more democratic politics were force fed to us, the whole commonwealth political system was invalidated by greedy vassals, thus severely weakening both. Give it 200 years and we stopped existing. Reemerging shortly then being swallowed again by russians who once were easy prey. Now look at us. Little africa. Bold, but powerless.

(立陶宛)是对波兰的依赖。由于波兰会在我们和西欧之间居中斡旋,我们因此获益良多,而且波兰的统治者是我们的亲戚。但由于卢布林联合体的存在,波兰从我们手中拿走了半个乌克兰,而我们因身为东部地区最出色的战士而获得的“犒赏”也因此缩水了。随着时间推移,更多的民主政治被强加给了我们,整个联邦的政治体制在封臣们的贪婪侵蚀下,不再能发挥效力了,也因此严重削弱了两国。岁月流逝二百年,然后我们就不复存在了。有过短暂的重生,但之后又一次被俄国人吞并了,而俄国人一度是很容易得手的猎物。看看现在的我们吧,就是个小号的非洲,胆子很大,却有心无力了。
(译注:卢布林联合是在1569年7月成立的一个共主邦联,随着其成立,立陶宛大公国与波兰王国完成合并)

Poland is a love hate relationship. Thanks to polans we are catholic, not orthodox. If we were, we would be like any other post soviet slave - dictatorship.

我们和波兰的关系是爱恨交加的。多亏了波兰人我们才会成为天主教徒,而不是东正教徒。要是当初的我们成了东正教徒,那我们就会像其他任何一个后苏联时代的奴隶一样实行独裁统治。

We gave all our strength to conquer for both, didnt overtake them cause we bros... but steady seated poland thought of us as below them i guess.

为了征服这两个国家,我们曾用尽力量,但却没能压倒它们…但我猜,泰然稳坐的波兰会认为自己高我们一等。

Therusso-irishman
The French Revolution was a self inflicted gunshot wound from which France would never recover. For one thing, it was not a "french" revolution. It was Pairs revolting and declaring war on the entire rest of the country. The War in the Vendée was so brutal that even the US cut off all support for the French Republic and even fought a Quiet War with it. It was a violent chaotic mess that lead to the creation of an early prototype of a totalitarian state. Far from promoting thew ideals of the enlightenment, it was one of the mot brazenly irrational eras in modern history. The chaos and insanity was only stopped in 1799 when Napoleon finally stepped up and said "Enough"

法国大革命是法国自残造成的一处枪伤,想要从中恢复过来是绝无可能的。首先,这并不是一场“法国”的(全国性)革命,而是巴黎的叛乱并向该国其他所有地区宣战。旺代战争(也即旺代叛乱)实在是太残酷了,连美国都中断了对法兰西(第一)共和国的所有支持,还与之打了一场准战争。大革命是一场充满暴力的乱局,它催生了极权国家的早期雏形。根本谈不上推进了启蒙运动的理想,它是现代历史上最厚颜无耻的非理性时代之一。这种混乱和疯狂直到1799年才被制止,当时的拿破仑终于介入了,并说出“够了”
(译注:美法准战争(Quasi-War)是1798年至1800年发生在美法间的战争,全程在海上进行,战争双方都没有正式宣战)

It destroyed Frances birth rate, population advantage, political hegemony over continental Europe. The French clearly felt these effects because Republicanism was widely discredited and disliked in France until the 3rd republic when the modern more positive story of the French revolution commonly taught today was invented.

大革命毁掉了法国的出生率、人口优势和对欧洲大陆的政治霸权。当时的法国人清楚感受到了这些后效,因为共和主义在法国颜面扫地,也广受嫌弃,这种情况直到第三共和国时才消失,当时炮制出了对法国大革命更为正面的现代版诠释,而在今天被大范围教授的正是这种诠释。

Cobbler91
Putting Ireland into the unx in 1801. Every decision on every major issue was wrong or carried out too late, little to no attempts to instil genuine loyalty in the Irish population, bred the worst resentment over issues like the famine, Catholic rights etc and let it remain underdeveloped while the rest of the UK powered ahead in the industrial revolution. I appreciate that last one isn’t helped in that much of Ireland isn’t rich in coal for example, but it was disproportionately worse off economically compared to the rest of the UK.

(英)是1801年时将爱尔兰纳入联合王国。每一个重大议题上的决策都是错的,要么就是贯彻得太晚了,以温水煮青蛙之法向爱尔兰人灌输忠诚的努力也近乎于无,在饥荒、天主教徒权力等议题上滋生出了最为棘手的民怨,而且在英国其他地区借助工业革命全力跃进时,却听任爱尔兰一直处于落后状态。我也明白在最后一点上没有建树是因为,比如说爱尔兰大部分地区的煤炭储量很少,但相比于英国其他地区,爱尔兰的经济状况之差是不成比例的。

a_reasonable_thought
Yeah, the U.K did a very poor job at making Ireland feel like an equal member of the unx. It never got past that Us vs Them stage, where it felt like a hostile occupation imposed on us.

(爱尔兰)是啊,英国在让爱尔兰感觉自己是一个平等伙伴方面的表现非常糟糕。就从来都没有经历过“我们和他们”这一阶段,感觉上像是强加在我们头上的充满敌意的占领。

With less mismanagement and discrimination we might have stayed in the unx as a devolved member, or at least the commonwealth. Even just for the economic benefits.

要是没有诸多处置失当和歧视,我们当初可能会以一个权力被下放的成员之身份留在联合王国内,至少也会留在英联邦内。哪怕只是为了经济上的好处。

But as it was, we never got over the hatred British rule inspired, and wanted to get as far away from it as possible. Economy be damned.

但事实就是,我们从来都没能化解由英国人的统治激起的仇恨,而且希望尽可能离他们远远的。经济上像是被诅咒了一般。

gogo_yubari-chan
Allying with Hitler and joining WWII, obviously.
Some would say also joining WWI, as the high cost in terms of human lives and economic losses as well as the fact that Italy was not given what it was promised because of the US (the so called mutilated victory), fuelled public discontent and helped a lot in the rise of fascism.

(意)显然是和希特勒结盟并加入二战。
有些人也会答说是加入一战,因为在人命和经济损失方面付出了巨大代价,而且事实就是:因为美国的关系,意大利没有得到承诺中应得的东西(这就是所谓的残缺的胜利),这就加剧了公众的不满情绪,而且大大助长了法西斯主义的崛起。

Imagine the amount of money you could have made from selling supplies to both sides.

(回复)想象一下,你们本来可以通过向双方出售物资赚到多少钱啊。

Yhats what Spain did in WWI!! And it crippled the livemihood of the lower classes.

(回复)这就是西班牙在一战中的做法!而这种做法严重殃及了底层人的生计。

On the incredible turns history can take, being on the losing side of WW2 but having industrial potential drove an enormous amount of money from the USA through the Marshall plan that took Italy from being a rural country to the second industrial power of Europe. If Italy wouldn't have had taken part to WW2 probably would have gone down the road of Spain with Mussolini staying in power until the 60s and still being a monarchy nowadays. Probably that error was the single best (unconscious) choice Italy ever made.

(意)说到历史中可能发生的不可思议之转折,属于二战中的战败国一方,但拥有工业潜力,通过马歇尔计划从美国引入了海量资金,使意大利从一个乡村国家变身为欧洲第二个工业强国。要是意大利没有参加二战,那很可能会走上西班牙的道路,墨索里尼的执政可是一直延续到了60年代,而且至今都是君主制国家。可能,犯下这样一个错误是意大利有史以来(且在无意识中)作出的最好选择了。

Karl_255
For Croatia that was probably siding with the Nazis during WW2 and especially Pavelić deciding to not betray Hitler and switch sides when he had the chance to do so. Like this we basically threw away the possibility to keep our independence after WW2.

对克罗地亚来说,可能就是在二战期间站在纳粹那一边了,特别是帕维利奇决定不背叛希特勒也不换边,当时他明明有机会这么做。经过如此种种,我们基本上就亲手葬送了在二战后保持国家独立的可能性。
(译注:帕维利奇为轴心国扶植的克罗地亚法西斯份子,曾建立著名极端组织“乌斯塔沙”)

Tbh I lack the knowledge to explain further or to know about any other big mistakes by my country, but my history teacher said that this was a really big mistake and I do believe him.

坦白说,以我尚属欠缺的知识,是没法进一步解释的,也不知晓我国犯过的其他任何大错的,但我的历史老师说过,这个真的是个大错误,而我也是相信他的。

Adolf_Mandela_Junior
Selling Louisiana or not anticipating the blitzkrieg. Or taking to much from germany at the treaty of Versailles.
Doing these things differently would have changed history that's for sure.

(法)是卖掉路易斯安那,或是没能预见到闪电战。或是在凡尔赛条约中从德国拿走了太多东西。
若是在这些事情上采取了不同的做法,那历史肯定会被改写。

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