研究发现,英国投脱欧票地区的新冠死亡率最高
2021-12-17 jiangye111 14990
正文翻译
Brexit-voting areas of UK have highest COVID-19 death rate, study finds

研究发现,英国投脱欧票地区的新冠死亡率最高


(A banner against giving children coronavirus vaccines is displayed during a protest on Parliament Square opposite the Houses of Parliament, in London, Wednesday, Sept. 8, 2021.)

(2021年9月8日星期三,在伦敦议会大厦对面的议会广场上,人们展示着反对给儿童注射新冠病毒疫苗的横幅。)
新闻:

COVID-19 is killing a high proportion of people in regions of the UK that voted for Brexit in the 2016 referendum, a new report has claimed.

一份新的报告称,在2016年公投中投票支持英国脱欧的地区,新冠肺炎正在导致很大一部分人死亡。

Research by Ludovic Phalippou of the University of Oxford and Betty H.T. Wu of the University of Glasgow has claimed to have found a direct correlation between Brexit-voting districts of the UK and those that have the highest rate of fatalities from COVID-19.

牛津大学的鲁多维克·法利普和格拉斯哥大学的贝蒂·H·T·吴的研究称,他们发现英国脱欧投票地区与新冠死亡率最高的地区之间存在直接关联。

It reveals that the boroughs of Boston, Great Yarmouth, South Holland, and Hartlepool, for example, have the fourth highest fatalities from the virus in the UK and the biggest share of the vote for Brexit, with all four districts voting more than 75% for leave in 2016. By contrast, the 20 boroughs with the lowest death rates all voted heavily for Remain.

报告显示,波士顿、大雅茅斯、南荷兰和哈特尔普尔等区是英国因新冠病毒死亡人数第四高的地区,也是英国脱欧投票人数最多的地区,2016年所有四个区投票支持脱欧的比例均超过75%。而相比之下,新冠死亡率最低的20个行政区都大力支持留欧。

For the authors, the results suggest that the same people who were swayed by the arguments in favour of Brexit -- which was defined by a distrust of political and financial elites and populist rhetoric shared via social media -- are also those that resist getting vaccinated against COVID-19 and have been hostile to lockdown measures including curfews and mask-wearing.

在报告作者看来,结果表明,那些被英国脱欧的观点所动摇(定义为:对政治和金融精英的不信任,以及通过社交媒体分享的民粹主义言论)的人,正是那些抵制接种新冠疫苗、反对宵禁和戴口罩等封锁措施的人。

"There is a group of people in the population who just rejects any official advice, any mainstream advice, any expert advice,” Phalippou told Euronews.

“有一群人拒绝任何官方建议,任何主流建议,任何专家建议,” 法利普告诉《欧洲新闻》。

"The question then becomes for researchers, how do you capture these people? How do you have a proxy for these people? Which areas have more of these people?"

“然后,研究人员的问题就变成了,如何捕捉这些人?你怎么找到这些人的代理人?哪些地区有更多这样的人?”

Phalippou and Wu said that the result should have "very important consequences for policy” and called into question initiatives such as mandatory vaccination, which was recently imposed in Austria.

法利普和吴说,这一结果应该对“政策产生非常重要的影响”,并引用了对奥地利最近实施的强制性疫苗接种等举措的质疑。
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Many of those that do not want to get vaccinated distrust both pharmaceutical companies and politicians already - and not entirely without reason, Phalippou said.

法利普说,许多不想接种疫苗的人已经不信任制药公司和政客——这并非完全没有原因。

"There is actually a big academic literature showing how corrupt the process of approving medication is. So there is some underlying truth [to some of these beliefs],” he said.

“实际上有大量学术文献表明批准药物的过程是多么腐败。所以,有些观点是有道理的。”

"We need to take them seriously, we need to understand what they say, how they feel, and how we can counter them and their mindset.”

“我们需要认真对待他们,我们需要理解他们说了什么,他们的感受,以及我们如何反驳他们和他们的心态。”

Jonathan Berman, author of Anti-vaxxers: How to Challenge a Misinformed Movement, told Euronews the correlation “made some sense” and found echoes in other areas of the world where populist movements, such as Brexit, had success in recent years.

《反疫苗接种者:如何挑战一场误导运动》的作者乔纳森·伯曼对《欧洲新闻》表示,这种关联“有一定道理”,并在英国脱欧等民粹主义运动近年取得成功的世界其他地区找到了共鸣。

Recent work in the US, for example, had found a similar crossover between Donald Trump voters and COVID-19 deaths.

比如,最近在美国的研究发现,唐纳德·特朗普的选民和新冠死亡之间也存在类似的交叉。
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“Brexit was a very different vote from [Trump, but] the thread I would draw between the two is that both campaigns were populist causes, which by definition are frxd as regular people opposed to the elite,” Berman said.

伯曼说:“英国脱欧(和特朗普的投票)非常不同,但我想在两者之间画出的线是,两场竞选都是民粹主义事业,从定义上来说,都被框定为反对精英的普通人。”

The anti-vax movement, he said, appealed to those who were susceptible to populist ideas and who distrusted elites, and the politicians like Trump that have sought to capitalise on that.

他说,反疫苗运动吸引了那些易受民粹主义思想影响、不信任精英的人,以及像特朗普这样试图利用这一点的政客。

“Epidemiologists, health boards, and virologists are cast as the elite,” he said.

他说:“流行病学家、卫生委员会和病毒学家被视为精英。”

'Eastern Europe'
Others suggest that while there may be a correlation between Brexit voters and regions that are suffering hardest from COVID-19, it is too simple to draw a direct line between leave supporters and vaccine scepticism - not least because even in the areas with the highest COVID-19 death rates, vaccination rates are above 60%, far higher than elsewhere in Europe.

“东欧”
另一些人认为,尽管英国脱欧选民和受新冠影响最严重的地区之间可能存在关联,要在支持休假的人和对疫苗持怀疑态度的人之间划出一条直接的界线也太草率了——尤其是因为即使在新冠死亡率最高的地区,疫苗接种率也高于60%,远高于欧洲其他地区。

In Boston and Skegness, for example, where only 18.9% of residents voted to remain in 2016 and where the death rate per thousand people is 3.1, double that of the remain-voting boroughs at the other end of the scale, more than 66% of people are now double-vaccinated.

比如,在波士顿和斯格内斯,2016年只有18.9%的居民投票支持留欧,每千人的死亡率是3.1,是另一个留欧选区的两倍,但超过66%的人现在已经接种了两次疫苗。

Matt Warman, the Conservative MP for Boston and Skegness, told Euronews that the high death toll in his district was likely due to a range of factors, including its relatively large elderly population - who are more susceptible to the virus, generally.

波士顿和斯格内斯的保守党议员马特·沃尔曼告诉《欧洲新闻》,他所在选区的高死亡人数可能是由一系列因素造成的,包括其相对较大的老年人口——一般来说,他们更容易受到病毒的影响。

As for the correlation between areas that voted Brexit and fatalities, he suggested it could be for a different reason.

至于投票脱欧的地区与死亡人数之间的相关性,他认为可能是出于不同的原因。

“Areas that voted Brexit in 2016 tend to have large numbers of people who were born in Eastern Europe, and we know that there are problems with vaccination rates within the Eastern European community in the UK,” Warman, who has been MP since 2015, told Euronews.

沃曼自2015年以来一直担任国会议员,他告诉《欧洲新闻》:“2016年投票脱欧的地区往往有大量出生在东欧的人,我们知道英国的东欧社区在疫苗接种率方面存在问题。”

This problem, he said, is exacerbated by misinformation being circulated online on social media, often originating in these individuals’ home countries, where vaccination rates are far lower than in the UK and anti-vax sentiment far more mainstream.

他说,在社交媒体上传播的错误信息加剧了这一问题,这些错误信息往往源自这些人的祖国,那里的疫苗接种率远低于英国,反疫苗情绪也远比英国主流。

“There has not been enough focus by social media companies on misinformation in other languages within the UK,” he said.

他说:“社交媒体公司对英国其他语言的错误信息没有予以足够的关注。”

评论翻译
borntohoola
There's no need for some of the hateful crowing comments here about Brexit voters getting what they deserve.
Who has been most fucked by the pandemic? People with comorbidities, the obese, the elderly. You know where you find high concentration of those demographics? Low income areas. And the referendum showed that voting leave was for large sections of the country a good proxy for being in a poorer non metropolitan area. So this lix is pretty logical.
I understand people still being hacked off at the referendum result (and more specifically the lies that delivered it), but I don't see why that'd reduce your sympathy for what are really victims of a national/international tragedy. Having different political views doesn't mean you are more deserving of an agonising premature death, even if you can make the lix between that eventuality and the voting choices they've made.
There is no evidence that these areas are more likely to have more people subscribing to conspiracy theories about the pandemic. In fact vaccine take up is higher in the north east, north west, south west (ie brexit supporting areas). Hesitancy is highest amongst minority groups in metropolitan areas, who aren't typically your brexit bedrock of support.
I don't think covid maps out onto your typical culture war binary, even if the right wing press and Tory backbenchers has tried to push it that way.

没有必要在这里发表一些关于英国脱欧选民遭到报应的仇恨评论。
谁受疫情影响最大?有其他并存病的人、肥胖的人、老年人。你知道这些人口集中在哪里吗?低收入地区。公投结果表明,对于这个国家的大部分地区来说,“脱欧票”是一个很好的代表,说明你住在较贫穷的非大都市地区。所以这个联系是很合理的。
我理解人们仍在为公投结果而愤怒(更确切地说,是那些带来公投结果的谎言),但我不明白这为什么会减少你对一场国家/国际悲剧真正受害者的同情。不同的政治观点并不意味着你更应该痛苦地过早死亡,即使你可以把这种可能性和他们所做的选举选择联系起来。
没有证据表明,这些地区更有可能有更多的人认同关于大流行的阴谋论。事实上,疫苗在东北、西北、西南(即支持英国脱欧的地区)的接种率更高。在大都市地区的少数群体中,犹豫不决的比例最高,他们通常不是你支持脱欧的票仓。
我不认为新冠映射了典型的文化战争二元性,即使右翼媒体和保守党后座议员试图这样推动它。
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Reader_in_the_uk
I totally agree and I’m pleased you said this.
I like this sub but sometimes the nastiness astounds me when it’s coming from people who supposably lean left and probably consider themselves good people.

我完全同意,我很高兴你这么说。
我喜欢这句话,但有时这些话出自那些本应左倾并自认为是好人的人之口,会让我大吃一惊。

cushionorange
In my experience they're the nastiest ones.

根据我的经验,他们是最讨厌的人。

tyger2020Manchester
I love how people are automatically jumping to 'stupid people don't wear masks' excuse and not 'areas of the country that are most deprived and left behind with worse infrastructure have worse death rates'
Brexit is stupid, voting tory is stupid, but not everything is black/white as people like to make out.
it just so happens that a lot of the areas where people struggle the most in terms of economics and wealth, also translates into their voting. real shocking stuff.

我喜欢人们自动地以“愚蠢的人不戴口罩”来为“国家最贫困、基础设施最差的地区死亡率更高”开脱。
英国脱欧是愚蠢的,投票选保守党是愚蠢的,但并不是所有事情都像人们想的那样是非黑即白的。
碰巧的是,很多人们在经济和财富方面最困难的地区,也会转化为他们的票仓。真正令人震惊的情况。

eatinglettuce
I know people are going to compare this to America where Republican-voting areas have higher death rates than Democrat-voting areas, but I think unlike in America, this is down to leave voting areas having more old people rather than vaccination rates.
That's why the boroughs in London have low death rates despite having relatively low vaccination rates.

我知道人们会将这与美国进行比较——共和党地区的死亡率高于民主党地区,但我认为与美国不同的是,这是由于投票地区有更多的老年人而不是疫苗接种率。
这就是为什么伦敦各区尽管疫苗接种率相对较低,但死亡率却依旧较低。

JhannaJunkie
I think you were also more likely to vote Brexit if you were unhealthy or obese. Basically people who were/are bitter and resentful about their lives and subsequently want to hurt others.

我认为,如果你不健康或肥胖,那么你更有可能投票脱欧。基本上是那些对自己的生活感到痛苦和怨恨,然后想要伤害别人的人。

Reader_in_the_uk
Is there evidence of this or are you just being unnecessarily nasty?

有证据证明这一点吗,还是你只是在无脑黑?
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JhannaJunkie
Here is a study. Very large correlations. I implied the causation being resentment. This is not a massive stretch as the Brexit vote was a notion of negative politics. Anyone who votes in order to harm freedoms of others, or weaken other people's economic mobility, is doing so out of "negative emotions". It's these negative emotions that are being prayed on and manipulated by the government. This is what "popularism" means. You essentially use resentment as a motivating factor for voting.

这里有一项研究(译注:链接)。很大的相关性。我暗示因果关系是怨恨。这并不是一个很大的延伸,因为英国脱欧公投是一个负面政治的概念。任何为了伤害他人自由或削弱他人经济流动性而投票的人,都是出于“负面情绪”。正是这些负面情绪被政府祈祷和操纵了。这就是“民粹主义”的含义——你本质上是用怨恨作为投票的激励因素。

Reader_in_the_uk
Interesting.
Have to add that I live in a leave area and haven’t noticed that there are a lot of obese people. Anecdotal I know - which is why I wondered if there was evidence of it.

有意思。
不得不说,我住在脱欧区,没有注意到有很多肥胖的人。我知道这是道听途说,这就是为什么我想知道是否有证据。

DogTakeMeForAWalk
Correlation is not causation yada yada.
It's fine to lix a study and say "here's some correlation, what does it mean?", it's completely idiotic to say "here's some correlation, let me decide what I want it to mean".
Correlation may be causation, it may be that both things have a common cause, or it may be a fluke with no lix at all.

相关性不是因果关系。
把一项研究联系起来,然后说“这有一些相关性,这是什么意思?”是没问题的,但如果说“这有一些相关性,让我来决定我想要它的意思”,这完全是愚蠢的。
相关性可能是因果关系,也可能是两件事有一个共同的原因,也可能是完全没有联系的巧合。
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AssumedPersona
Also known as Fascism

也被称为“法西斯主义”
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marsman
I'm not sure that you can really claim that the leave side prayed on negative emotions (it was about possibility and potential, not harming others after all), while the remain side was squarely about economic harm with very little on the positives of being in the EU. The 'take back control' messaging, and allowing the UK to act in its own interests, subject to UK democratic mandates seems quite a lot more positive than 'step into the dark' economic harm/uncertainly arguments after all.

我不确定你是否真的能这么说,脱欧派是在祈祷负面情绪(这是关于可能性和潜力,而不是伤害他人),而留欧派则直接考虑经济伤害,几乎没有考虑留在欧盟的(其他)积极因素。(在他们看来)“收回控制权”的信息,允许英国按照自己的利益行事,服从英国的民主授权,似乎比“步入黑暗”经济伤害/不确定性的论点要积极得多。

JhannaJunkie
The leave vote was powered by a lot of xenophobia also. If you deny that, then I see bo point in discussing it with you. The borders were a massive topic, and remains so even now.
The vote was about harming the other. Migrants, Muslims, Europeans. I was working in a factory doing night shift one the night of the vote results. The factory 400+ workers broke into a football Chant of "send them home. Send them home".
The actors responsible for Brexit now hold power. And they are aware how they got there. Just look at what they focus on. It's all about stripping away rights from people. From migrants. From drug users. Focus on crime. Focus on borders. Meanwhile children have record poverty and hunger.
No, it's clear to see that negative politics won the vote, and remains their play. Any argument against that will be weak.

脱欧投票也是由许多仇外情绪推动的。如果你否认这一点,那么我认为和你讨论一下是有意义的。边界问题曾经是一个巨大的话题,即使现在也是如此。
投票是为了伤害对方。移民、穆斯林、欧洲人。投票结果出来的那天晚上,我在一家工厂上夜班。工厂里400多名工人开始像足球一样高唱“送他们回老家。送他们回老家。”
对英国脱欧负有责任的人现在掌权了。他们知道自己是如何做到这一点的。看看他们关注的是什么。这是在剥夺人们的权利——从移民身上。从吸毒者身上。专注于犯罪。专注于边界。与此同时,儿童的贫困和饥饿也创下了记录。
不,很明显,负面政治赢得了选票,而且仍然是他们的游戏。任何反对的理由都是站不住脚的。

CuetEasternegg
I was literally saying this yesterday as I was in Essex and the mask wearing was much lower than other places I've been recently.
Alas insecurity and the fake feeling of control political identity gives some people applies no matter what the subject

我昨天在埃塞克斯的时候就说了这句话,戴口罩的人比我最近去过的其他地方要少得多。
唉,不安全感和对政治身份的虚假掌控感让一些人不管什么话题都能发挥

Piltonbadger
Play stupid games, win stupid prizes.
World working as intended.

玩愚蠢的游戏,赢得愚蠢的奖品。
世界按预期运行。

J8YDG9RTT8N2TG74YS7A
It's probably also worth pointing out that the Trump voting areas were typically rural states with spread out populations where social distancing would have been quite easy.
Whereas Biden voters typically lived in denser population centres.
This is relevant because previous studies showed that the virus spread more in denser population centres. So for covid to spread more in these rural states there would have been far, far more of them refusing to do things like wear masks, social distance, etc.

可能还值得指出的是,支持特朗普的地区通常是人口分散的农村州,在那里保持社交距离很容易。
而拜登的选民通常生活在人口密度更大的中心。
这是有关系的,因为以前的研究表明,病毒在人口密集的中心传播得更多。所以,要让新冠病毒在这些农村州传播得更多,就得有多得多的人拒绝戴口罩、保持社交距离等等。

BlueHeisen
Maybe younger people overwhelmingly voted for Biden while older people tended to vote for trump? 62% of people aged 18-29 voted for Biden, while only 35% for trump. Shocker

也许是因为年轻人绝大多数投票给拜登,而老年人倾向于投票给特朗普?在18-29岁的人群中,62%的人投票给拜登,而只有35%的人投票给特朗普。令人震惊

Ill_Ad3719
More than anything, this will be because (almost only) old people die from covid, and (almost all) old people love tories/Brexit.

最重要的是,这是因为(几乎只有)老年人死于新冠肺炎,(几乎所有)老年人都喜欢保守党/脱欧。

dunmif_sys
Exactly. In other news, people who buy cardigans from M&S have a higher covid-19 death rate.
But don't let that distract people from the rhetoric that stupid people voted Brexit and stupid people die of Covid because they wouldn't wear masks or something. Pro-remain myself, btw, but headlines like this serve no purpose than to push some sort of intellectual divide.

完全正确。在其他新闻中,从玛莎百货购买羊毛衫的人新冠死亡率更高。
但不要让这分散了人们对“愚蠢的人投票脱欧和愚蠢的人死于新冠肺炎,因为他们不戴口罩或其他东西”的言论的注意力。顺便说一句,我自己是支持留欧的,但像这样的标题除了推动某种智商分裂之外没有任何作用。
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a-dragon-reborn
Given that the two most populous voting groups for Brexit were the elderly and those most likely to believe stupid lies on the internet this is hardly surprising.
Once you fall for one conspiracy theory it makes it all the easier to fall for others. One minute you are needlessly damaging the country you claim to love by voting Brexit and before you know it you are needlessly damaging the country you claim to love by spreading bollocks about Covid being made up and vaccines giving you high speed mobile broadband.
It's no coincidence that the same people are falling for this shit over and over again.

考虑到支持英国脱欧的两个人口最多的投票群体是老年人和那些最可能相信互联网上愚蠢谎言的人,这种结果并不奇怪。
一旦你爱上一个阴谋论,你就更容易爱上其他的阴谋论。一分钟前,你还在毫无必要地通过投票脱欧破坏你声称你爱的国家,而在你意识到之前,你又在毫无必要地通过传播“新冠病毒是编造的”、“疫苗能给你提供高速移动宽带”之类的扯淡破坏你声称你爱的国家。
同一群人一次又一次地迷上这种破玩意不是巧合。

CollapseObserver
"Yay, let's keep poking the Brexit wound, dividing society even further into two! Maybe we can even have our civil war/revolution/utter collapse of society before the US gets there!"
Yes, Brexit is a disaster and was always likely to be a disaster, but we need to get over it or focus on a rejoin campaign, not the continued dehumanization of half of the voting public.
The USA is heading in a scary direction, even after the bad man was voted out, both sides are incredibly determined to tear their country's wound even further apart, as if the only answer is going to end up being the outright extermination of one side or the other. We don't need to do that over Brexit, do we?

“耶,让我们继续戳脱欧的伤口,把社会进一步分成两部分!也许我们甚至能抢在美国之前实现爆发内战/革命/社会彻底崩溃!”
是的,英国脱欧是一场灾难,而且一直都有可能是一场灾难,但我们需要克服它,或者专注于一场重新加入欧盟的运动,而不是继续让半数投票公众失去人性。
美国正在走向一个可怕的方向,即使在那个坏蛋被投票淘汰后,双方都难以置信地决心将他们国家的伤口进一步撕裂,似乎唯一的答案将是彻底消灭一方或另一方。我们没必要因为脱欧而这么做,对吧?

EvilMonkeySlayerLeeds, Yorkshire
Not surprising.
There's a large crossover of those more susceptible to misinformation and who demonstrate rigid thinking who're brexit voters and covid vaccine deniers/lockdown sceptics.

并不令人惊讶。
有很多人更容易受到错误信息的影响,他们思维僵化,他们是英国脱欧投票者,他们是否认新冠疫苗/封锁的怀疑论者。

Martinonfire
I’m sure that it’s just coincidental that they happen to be generally the poorest areas, those that did least well out of EU.

我相信这只是巧合,他们恰好是最贫穷的地区,那些离开欧盟后表现最差的地区。

saltierbynurture
You're kidding right? The poorest areas would recieve the most funding, Cornwall for instance.

你是在开玩笑吧?最贫穷的地区会得到最多的资金,比如康沃尔。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Brownian-Motion
The poorest areas of the UK are generally the ones that received the most investment from the EU, and are now finding that Tory largesse doesn't stretch as far.

英国最贫穷的地区通常是那些从欧盟获得最多投资的地区,现在他们发现保守党的慷慨并没有延伸到那么远的地方。

Martinonfire
Generally poor people want a job that pays a decent wage, the average working person really didn’t like being on minimum wage with no negotiation power.

一般来说,穷人想要一份有体面工资的工作,普通工人真的不喜欢拿最低工资还没有谈判能力。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


TheNewHobbes
maybe if they had joined a unx they would have found their negotiation power increased

如果他们加入工会,他们可能会发现他们的谈判能力增加了

BlueHeisen
What a stupid article, of course Brexit voting areas have high death rates, Leave voters were overwhelmingly older than remain voters, and COVIDs more likely to kill who? it really isn't that hard..

多么愚蠢的一篇文章,脱欧选区的死亡率当然很高,因为脱欧的选民绝大多数都比留欧的选民年龄大,新冠更有可能杀死谁?答案真的没有那么难。

BlueHeisen
Yeah a bit, but the majority just because covid kills almost always old people, who we know voted for Brexit.

是的,有一点,但大多数死亡是因为新冠肺炎几乎都是老年患者死亡,而我们知道这些人投票支持英国脱欧。

1984-is_here
All this is really saying, is some people who voted Brexit, did not get vaccinated or they're opposed to it. And I'm sure there are remainers who refused the vaccine as well but, nobody's bothered about that only, Brexiteers.

这其实是在说,一些人投票脱欧,没有接种疫苗,或者他们反对接种疫苗。我敢肯定也有一些人拒绝接种疫苗,但没有人为此担心,只有脱欧派。

HailSatanHaggisBaws
People susceptible to misinformation on one topic also susceptible to other misinformation.
Either that or this is more proof that it's all old people that voted for Brexit

人们容易在一个话题上受到错误信息的影响,也容易受到其他错误信息的影响。
要么是这个,要么是这个,更证明了投票支持英国脱欧的都是老年人

LaviniaBeddard
I wonder how much of the anti-vax "freedom" bollocks is actually just people who are scared of needles.

我想知道有多少反疫苗的“自由蠢货”的胡言乱语实际上只是害怕针头的人。

ZaryaBubblerKernow
Hi, I'm truly terrified of needles. I've had both my jabs and trying to book my third. Being afraid of needles is one thing, but I'm not a fucking moron like antivaxxers

嗨,我真的很怕针头。我已经打了两针,还想打第三针。害怕针头是一回事,但我不像反疫苗者们那样是个白痴

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