“鸟不是真的”:美国Z世代用荒诞阴谋论对抗阴谋论
2021-12-30 骑着毛驴到处走 18140
正文翻译

In Pittsburgh, Memphis and Los Angeles, massive billboards recently popped up declaring, “Birds Aren’t Real.”

最近,匹兹堡、孟菲斯和洛杉矶出现了巨大的广告牌,上面写着“鸟不是真的”(Birds Aren’t Real)。

On Instagram and TikTok, Birds Aren’t Real accounts have racked up hundreds of thousands of followers, and YouTube videos about it have gone viral.

在Instagram和TikTok上,“鸟不是真的”帐户吸引了数十万粉丝,YouTube上有关该帐户的视频也迅速走红。

Last month, Birds Aren’t Real adherents even protested outside Twitter’s headquarters in San Francisco to demand that the company change its bird logo.

上个月,“鸟不是真的”的粉丝甚至在旧金山的推特总部外抗议,要求该公司更改其小鸟标志。

The events were all connected by a Gen Z-fueled conspiracy theory, which posits that birds don’t exist and are really drone replicas installed by the U.S. government to spy on Americans. Hundreds of thousands of young people have joined the movement, wearing Birds Aren’t Real T-shirts, swarming rallies and spreading the slogan.

这些事件都与一个由Z世代推动的阴谋论有关,该阴谋论认为鸟并不存在,是美国政府为了监视美国人而布置的无人机。成千上万的年轻人参加了这项运动,他们穿着印有“鸟不是真的”口号的T恤,聚集在一起,传播这一口号。
(Z世代,美国及欧洲的流行用语,意指在1995-2009年间出生的人,又称网络世代、互联网世代,统指受到互联网、即时通讯、短讯、MP3、智能手机和平板电脑等科技产物影响很大的一代人)
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


It might smack of QAnon, the conspiracy theory that the world is controlled by an elite cabal of child-trafficking Democrats. Except that the creator of Birds Aren’t Real and the movement’s followers are in on a joke: They know that birds are, in fact, real and that their theory is made up.

这可能有点像 “匿名者Q”散布的阴谋论,“匿名者Q”声称全世界被贩卖儿童的民主党精英团体控制。只不过“鸟不是真的”运动的创始人和追随者是在开玩笑:他们知道鸟其实是真的,他们的口号是编造的。

What Birds Aren’t Real truly is, they say, is a parody social movement with a purpose. In a post-truth world dominated by online conspiracy theories, young people have coalesced around the effort to thumb their nose at, fight and poke fun at misinformation. It’s Gen Z’s attempt to upend the rabbit hole with absurdism.

他们说,“鸟不是真的”是一场有目的的社会运动。在一个网络充斥着阴谋论的后真相世界里,年轻人聚在一起,对虚假信息嗤之以鼻、对其予以还击和嘲笑。这是Z世代用荒诞来颠覆阴谋论的尝试。

At the center of the movement is Peter McIndoe, 23, a floppy-haired college dropout in Memphis who created Birds Aren’t Real on a whim in 2017. For years, he stayed in character as the conspiracy theory’s chief believer, commanding acolytes to rage against those who challenged his dogma. But now, Mr. McIndoe said in an interview, he is ready to reveal the parody lest people think birds really are drones.

这场运动的核心人物是彼得·麦克因多,现年23岁,是个一头乱发的大学辍学生。他于2017年一时起意,创建了“鸟不是真的”组织。多年来,他一直扮演着阴谋论首席信徒的角色,指挥信徒们怒斥那些挑战教条的人。但现在,麦克因多在接受采访时说,他准备揭露这场模仿闹剧,以免人们认为鸟类真的是无人机。

Mr. McIndoe, too, marinated in conspiracies. For his first 18 years, he grew up in a deeply conservative and religious community with seven siblings outside Cincinnati, then in rural Arkansas. He was home-schooled, taught that “evolution was a massive brainwashing plan by the Democrats and Obama was the Antichrist,” he said.

麦克因多也曾浸淫在阴谋论之中。在人生的前18年里,他和七个兄弟姐妹在辛辛那提郊外一个非常保守的宗教社区长大,后来又住在阿肯色州的乡下。他没有上学,在家里接受教育,被教导说“进化论是民主党人的大规模洗脑计划,奥巴马是反基督者”等等。

By the time Mr. McIndoe left home for the University of Arkansas in 2016, he said, he realized he wasn’t the only young person forced to straddle multiple realities.

麦克因多说,2016年离开家去阿肯色大学时,他意识到自己不是唯一一个被迫跨越多重现实的年轻人。

Then in January 2017, Mr. McIndoe traveled to Memphis to visit friends. Donald J. Trump had just been sworn in as president, and there was a women’s march downtown. Pro-Trump counterprotesters were also there. When Mr. McIndoe saw them, he said, he ripped a poster off a wall, flipped it over and wrote three random words: “Birds Aren’t Real.”

2017年1月,麦克因多前往孟菲斯看望朋友。当时唐纳德·特朗普刚刚宣誓就任总统,市中心有一场女性大游行。反对抗议的特朗普支持者们也去了。麦克因多说,他当时从墙上撕下一张海报,把它翻过来,顺手写了一行字:“鸟不是真的。”

“It was a spontaneous joke, but it was a reflection of the absurdity everyone was feeling,” he said.

“这是一个灵机一动的玩笑,但它反映了所有人都能体会到的荒谬感,”他说。

Mr. McIndoe then walked around and improvised the Birds Aren’t Real conspiracy lore. He said he was part of a greater movement that believed that birds had been replaced with surveillance drones and that the cover up began in the 1970s. Unbeknown to him, he was filmed and the video posted on Facebook. It went viral, especially among teenagers in the South.

然后,麦克因多四处活动,即兴讲述了“鸟不是真的”这个阴谋论。他说,他参与了一个更大的运动,宣称鸟类已经被监控无人机取代,而且这个秘密行动从1970年代就开始了。
人们在不知情的情况下被秘密监控着,这段视频被发布在Facebook上后迅速走红,尤其活跃在南方的青少年中。

In Memphis, “Birds Aren’t Real” graffiti soon showed up. Photos of the phrase’s being scrawled on chalkboards and the walls of local high schools surfaced. People made “Birds Aren’t Real” stickers.

在孟菲斯,“鸟不是真的”涂鸦很快就出现了。当地中学黑板上和墙上写着“鸟不是真的”的照片也在网上流传。一些人还制作了“鸟不是真的”贴纸。

Mr. McIndoe decided to lean into Birds Aren’t Real. “I started embodying the character and building out the world this character belonged to,” he said. He and Connor Gaydos, a friend, wrote a false history of the movement, concocted elaborate theories and produced fake documents and evidence to support his wild claims.

麦克因多决定把“鸟不是真的”进行下去。“我开始塑造(这个阴谋论的)信徒角色,并构建这个角色所属的世界,”他说。他和朋友编造了一段关于这场运动的虚假历史,炮制出详尽的理论,并制作了虚假的文件和证据来支持他的阴谋论主张。

In 2018, Mr. McIndoe dropped out of college and moved to Memphis. To build Birds Aren’t Real further, he created a flyer that shot to the top of Reddit. He hired an actor to portray a former C.I.A. agent who confessed to working on bird drone surveillance; the video has more than 20 million views on TikTok. He also hired actors to represent adult bird truthers in videos that spread all over Instagram.

2018年,麦克因多从大学辍学,搬到了孟菲斯。为了把“鸟不是真的”推进下去,他做了一份传单,结果在Reddit上成了热帖。他雇了一名演员扮演一个前中情局特工,自称从事鸟形无人机的监控工作;这段视频在TikTok上被观看超过2000万次。他还雇了演员出演寻求真相的成年人,这些视频在Instagram上得到广泛传播。

To adults with concerns about Mr. McIndoe’s tactics, researchers said any harms were most likely minimal.

一些成年人对麦克因多的手段心存担忧,而研究人员却说即使造成了影响,效果也是微乎其微的。

“You have to weigh the potential negative effects with any of this stuff, but in this case it is so extremely small,” said Joshua Citarella, an independent researcher who studies internet culture “Allowing people to engage in collaborative world building is therapeutic because it lets them disarm conspiracism and engage in a safe way.”

研究互联网文化的独立研究员乔舒亚说“这种行为需要评估可能的负面效果,但具体在这个事情上,该阴谋论的危害是非常小的”。“让人参与到合作性的世界构建中来是有益的,因为这让他们可以拆穿阴谋论,以一种安全的方式来沟通。”

Mr. McIndoe said he kept the concerns top of mind. “Everything we’ve done with Birds Aren’t Real is made to make sure it doesn’t tip into where it could have a negative end result on the world,” he said. “It’s a safe space for people to come together and process the conspiracy takeover of America. It’s a way to laugh at the madness rather than be overcome by it.”

麦克因多说他注意到了这些担忧。“我们所做的一切,都会确保不会给世界带来负面影响,”他说。“这是个安全空间,让人们可以团结起来,理解美国被阴谋论淹没是怎么回事。这样一来我们可以去嘲笑这些疯狂的阴谋论,而不是被它洗脑。”

Birds Aren’t Real members have also become a political force. Many often join up with counterprotesters and actual conspiracy theorists to de-escalate tensions and delegitimize the people they are marching alongside with irreverent chants.

“鸟不是真的”成员已经形成了一股政治力量。当真正的阴谋论者和反对阴谋论者的人对峙时,他们就会出现缓解对峙气氛,在游行队伍里喊着不靠谱的口号来让抗议显得不那么正经。

In September, shortly after a restrictive new abortion law went into effect in Texas, Birds Aren’t Real members showed up at a protest held by anti-abortion activists at the University of Cincinnati. Supporters of the new law “had signs with very graphic imagery and were very aggressive in condemning people,” Mr. McIndoe said. “It led to arguments.”

9月,德克萨斯州一部严苛的新堕胎法生效后不久,“鸟不是真的”成员出现在抗议活动上。
支持新堕胎法的人手持非常有视觉冲击力的图片标语,并且对反堕胎人士给予咄咄逼人的责难,麦克因多说,结果活动出现了争执。”
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


But the Bird Brigade began chanting, “Birds aren’t real.” Their shouts soon overpowered the anti-abortion activists, who left.

这时“鸟不是真的”成员开始大喊:“鸟不是真的。”他们的喊声很快盖过了反堕胎活动人士,后者于是就离开了。

Mr. McIndoe now has big plans for 2022. Breaking character is necessary to help Birds Aren’t Real leap to the next level and forswear actual conspiracy theorists, he said. He added that he hoped to collaborate with major content creators and independent media like Channel 5 News, which is aimed at helping people make sense of America’s current state and the internet.

麦克因多准备在2022年大展拳脚。他说,“鸟不是真的”组织要想更进一步,推翻自身的设定并与真正的阴谋论者划清界限。
他还表示打算和互联网内容创作者以及第5频道等独立新闻媒体合作,旨在帮助人们理解美国当下以及互联网状况。

评论翻译
randomact19
I honestly thought this was a joke when I heard about it for the first time. Like a joke everyone knew and was in on, like Pastafarianism. Ramen.

当我第一次听到这个阴谋论时,我的第一反应是这是个笑话,一个大家都懂并且乐于参与传播的笑话,就像飞天意面神教。拉门。

Feb2020Acc
It's probably like flat earth. It starts as a joke on the internet and 10 years later it's a real movement.

这个阴谋论可能就像地球是平的。 刚开始时“地球是平的”只是互联网上的一个笑话,但10年后它变成了一场真正的运动。

babybopp
Already has some loonies who believe it to be true

已经有一些疯子相信这是真的了

Time-Ad-3625
Flat earth conspiracies were along long before the internet. Like illuminati, lizard people b.s.

早在互联网出现之前,“地球是平的”就已经存在了,此外还有像光明会,蜥蜴人之类的。

oddsonni
Those people were dumb to begin with, they could've become something truly foolish, like devout catholics instead

那些人本来就很愚蠢,相信这些阴谋论后就彻底变成蠢人了,比如说虔诚的天主教徒。

CaptOblivious
Ya, but before the internet attracted every simpleton on the planet everyone that "believed" was in on the joke.

是的,但在互联网上的阴谋论把地球上所有的傻瓜都洗脑之前,每个传播阴谋论的人都以为自己只是在开玩笑

PurpletoasterIII
This is why we need to be clear when we're being sarcastic. It's a stupid precaution to take, but some people require stupid precautions.

这就是为什么我们在讽刺反串的时候要说清楚本意。 这是一个愚蠢的预防措施,但有些蠢人就需要愚蠢的预防措施。

johannebremer
It's as G. Carlin said. Your average person is dumb, and people are dumber than that average person. We all have our dunning-kruger blind spots.

正如G. Carlin所说。普通人都是蠢人,但总有人比普通人更蠢。 我们每个人都有自己的认知盲点。

yorcharturoqro
I think the same, a silly joke that some people far more silly than the joke take it seriously.

我也这么想,明明是一个愚蠢的笑话,有些人却比这个笑话还蠢,居然当真了。

TAS1981
Like the bible…

就像圣经…

bigpook
In a way, this is how religions are created. Throw out a line of bullshit, wait for someone with high levels of ignorance, superstition, and just plain stupidity to show up, wait a few decades/centuries and tada, you got yourself a revenue stream.
I just have to wonder how bad the educational system is here in the US. We seem pretty good at creating morons.

某种程度上,宗教就是这样产生的。 说一大堆废话,等着那些无知、迷信、愚蠢的人出现,再过几十年或几百年,你就有稳定的收入来源了。
我只是想知道现在美国的教育系统有多糟糕。 我们似乎很擅长制造白痴

freshforma
Pastafarianism is the only truth. Pastafarikan demands you dexe this comment . May your pasta never be al dente

飞天意面神教才是唯一的真理。 飞天意面神要求你删除这条评论。否则你的意面永远不会充满嚼劲

entercenterstage
Cant believe you sheeple actually think birds are still real wtf

搞什么鬼,真不敢相信你们这些羊居然认为鸟类是真的

Dank_Cartographer
Fuckers killed the birds and used MK Ultra to convince the public they are real

那帮混蛋将鸟类灭绝,还用思想控制来让公众相信鸟类是真的

BigMood42069
they put LSD in the water and use the 5G waves to control us, so we don't see birds for what they are, MACHINES!

他们在水里放迷幻药,用5G电波来控制我们,所以我们看不出它们其实都是机器鸟!

Dnoxl
Of course birds arent fucking real because there is no goddamn earth why is everyone so blind for the truth

鸟当然不是真的,因为地球根本就不存在,为什么每个人都对真相视而不见

irrelevant_potatoes
I dunno what your doing OP but you have to stop spreading the misinformation about birds being real, they are clearly drones. This is why we were all under lockdown, the government had to change the bird-batteries

我不知道你在做什么,但是你必须停止传播鸟类是真实存在的这一错误信息,它们很明显都是无人机。 这就是为什么我们之前都被要求待在家里,因为政府不得不更换机器鸟的电池

Capital_Fearless
They can't know that we know. The revolution depends on it

嘘,不能让他们知道我们已经知道了。 革命有赖于此。

Thedrunner2
Counterpoint: Birdshit

反对观点: 如何解释鸟粪

EddieCheddar88
Excellent question
Bird poop was originally thought to be oil discharge from earlier bird drone models. After further research though, this was disproven. Bird poop irregularly falls on vehicles in large amounts. Recent studies show that 87% of Bird Poop in populated areas falls on people’s cars. Why is this? Confidential documents leaked in 2018 revealing that “Bird Poop” is actually a form of liquidated tracking apparatus. If you walk outside and notice some bird poop just “happened” to fall on your car, be aware that you are now being tracked by the United States Government. It is recommended you clean your car exterior regularly to avoid this.”

很好的问题,鸟粪最初被认为是鸟类无人机排放的石油废料。但经过进一步的研究,这一观点被推翻了。最近的研究表明,人口稠密地区87%的鸟粪落在人们的汽车上。这是为什么呢?2018年泄露的机密文件显示,“鸟粪”实际上是一种跟踪设备。如果你走到外面,发现有鸟粪“碰巧”落在你的车上,要知道你现在正被美国政府跟踪监视。建议您定期清洁您的汽车外部,以避免这种情况。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


sirzack92
I first learned of this God awful theory when I went to visit my aunt and she said "did you know that the queen of England is a lizard and is working to over throw the government! They're doing it because the queens position allows her to rule over everything including our president!"

我第一次知道阴谋论是在我去拜访我姑姑的时候,她说:“你知道英国女王是只蜥蜴人吗?她正在努力推翻政府!” 他们这么做是因为女王的地位允许她统治一切,包括我们的总统!”

theyoungestone86
Thank God i live in a third world country where we have actual problems. They keep us distracted and make sure we don't get into these kinda shit that makes us look like the most stupid people on earth.

谢天谢地,我生活在第三世界国家,我们有各种各样的实际问题需要操心,这些问题会确保我们不会被阴谋论洗脑,以至于让我们看起来像世界上最愚蠢的人。

sinat50
There was a college forum where people started a thread about trying to prove the earth is flat against modern science. It was entirely a thought exercise and became a fun thing to play around with for the students. Eventually some outsiders stumbled in to the forum and it began to spread. some people took it as serious discussion. Now we have guys climbing into homemade rockets to see for themselves because every camera and GPS is hacked by NASA.

之前有一个大学论坛,学生在里面发帖,试图证明地球是平的。这当然与现代科学相悖,对学生来说完全是一个有趣的思维逻辑练习。但后来一些局外人偶然进入了论坛,并开始传播地平论。有些人甚至把学生们的闲聊当作严肃的讨论。之前还有人爬上自制的火箭要亲眼看看地球是不是平的,因为在那些被阴谋论洗脑的人眼里,每个摄像头和GPS都被NASA(美国航天局)入侵篡改了,不能相信。

[dexed]
What I really don't understand is, like, why is it always NASA? The piece of government that's been systemically defunded for over half a century? The one that makes up less than one percent of the US's budget? I just really don't get it.

我不明白的是,为什么阴谋论总是把NASA当做阴谋对象?半个多世纪以来,NASA一直都被系统性地削减资金,现在在美国财政预算的占比还不到1%,我真的不明白。

Shubham Tripathi
Titanic sank?? Really ??
Was 9/11 real ??
Who are Rothschild??
Did Armstrong ever land on moon??
How dollar became an international medium of exchange, who owns the world bank and IMF??
if you can restain yourself from reading more about them, hat's off but trust me i am sure you won't be able to.

泰坦尼克号的沉没是真的吗? ?
9/11是真的吗?
罗斯柴尔德是谁?
阿姆斯特朗登上过月球吗??
美元是如何成为国际货币的?谁拥有世界银行和国际货币基金组织?
如果你能克制自己不去读这些阴谋论,那我向你脱帽致敬,但是我不相信你不会读。

natedawg757
·Why do people believe in conspiracy theories? What is appealing about these theories and why do they persist despite logic and general consensus that they are false? What are some reasons for the popularity of these theories?

为什么人们会相信阴谋论?这些理论吸引人的地方是什么?尽管逻辑和普遍共识都认为它们是错误的,它们为什么还能坚持下去?这些阴谋论流行的原因是什么?

Profile photo for Colin Riegels
There was a really good article on this in The Economist recently. The article regards the current era as “the golden age of conspiracy theories” (largely due to the speed at which they can spread on the internet). It seems to largely boil down to two things:
Firstly:
The appeal of conspiracy theories is partly rooted in human psychology. Studies show that people consistently overestimate their ability to understand complicated systems. They think that “they can explain the world they live in fairly well” when in fact their information is quite limited, found Leonid Rozenblit and Frank Keil, two psychologists, in a paper published in 2002. Conspiracy theories help people to find meaning in a disturbingly random world, reassuring them that bad things result from the machinations of bad people rather than just bad luck (or their own mistakes).
Secondly:
Their power lies in giving people an explanation of the world that blames their misfortunes on their enemies.
However, the article does concede that this probably wouldn’t work if literally every conspiracy theory is false. The fact that a tiny percentage of them turn out to be partially or largely true means that you get huge numbers of people expressing confidence in many dubious stories.

《经济学人》上有一篇很好的文章。这篇文章认为当前时代是“阴谋论的黄金时代”(主要是因为它们在互联网上传播的速度很快)。这在很大程度上可以归结为两点:
首先:
阴谋论的吸引力源于人类心理。研究表明,人们总是高估自己理解复杂事物的能力。心理学家在2002年发表的一篇论文中表示,他们认为“人们以为自己可以很好地解释他们所生活的世界”,而实际上他们的信息非常有限。阴谋论帮助人们在一个令人不安的混乱世界中找到意义,让他们确信坏事是由坏人的阴谋造成的,而不仅仅是运气不好(或他们自己的错误)。
其次:
阴谋论的力量在于人们倾向于把他们的不幸归咎于敌人。
然而,这篇论文也承认,如果世界上每一个阴谋论都是假的,那么阴谋论就不会大行其道了。事实是,很多阴谋论中的一小部分被证明是是真实的,这意味着人们开始对许多阴谋论抱有将信将疑的态度。其他的阴谋论虽然是错误的,但却是人们对于现实世界感到焦虑的心理投射。
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Matt Jacobs
I would put this down to three big source.
First and foremost, believing in a conspiracy theory generates some of the same positive feelings you’d find with religion primarily that the believer gets to feel special. They get the satisfaction of feeling smarter then everyone else for having sussed out the real truth while everyone else is fooled again a lot like religious people who believe they have divine knowledge of the afterlife beyond what nonbelievers get.
Second would be for reasons of politics. Some people get really into politics and need a reason to despise those that disagree with them,This happened in early society as well in the form of tribalism where people distrusted those from other groups or tribes innately often due to negative preconceptions. More over some political entities go to great lengths to isolate their followers from the views of their opponents to avoid people being deconverted. In such cases conspiracy theories can be used to sow immense distrust, paranoia, and fear of the opposition convincing all the followers that the enemy is pure evil.
Third some people genuinely lack the critical thinking skills.

我归结了三大原因。
首先,相信阴谋论会产生一些积极的感觉,你会发现宗教的信徒们在精神上非常特别。他们为自己发现了“真相”,其他人被愚弄了,自己比其他人更聪明而感到满足,这是宗教人士的典型心理。他们相信自己对死后世界的认知比非信徒更正确更神圣。在某种程度上,每个人都想从人群中脱颖而出, 阴谋论是一个很好的工具。
其次是政治原因。有些人从政后,需要一个理由来鄙视打压那些反对他们的人。这种情况在早期社会,部落时代就已经出现,人们往往由于消极的偏见,天生不信任来自其他群体或部落的人。更有甚者,一些政治人物不遗余力地将其追随者与反对者的观点隔离开来,以避免人们接受反对者的观点。在这种情况下,阴谋论可以用来增加人们对反对派的不信任、偏见和恐惧,使所有的追随者相信敌人是纯粹邪恶的。
第三,一些人真的缺乏批判性思维。

Luka Trkanjec
That all of the political, economical and social problems, complexities and contradictions of our age can be reduced to but a single, ultimately simplistic cause.
That behind this shadowy force of chaos, there exists by default some normal, right and pristine state of the world, to which everything would return on its own, if only this global(ist) menace was unmasked and defeated.
That you, by simply believing in the existance of such an all-encompasing conspiracy, can paint yourself as a brave member of heroic resistance, fighting the good fight against impossible odds.
The belief in an evil god, who actively works against the world, is to many preferable to the belief that there is no god at all, and the world is simply a mess of its own.
The irony, of course, is that actual conspiracies really do abound, but they’re usually both quite mundane and easy to uncover - except by people actually believing in conspiracy theories! As one retired spy once told me: 90% of all intelligence works is simply reading the newspapers. The “powers and principalities” of our age normally communicate through global media and news publications, and pretty much openly elaborate and debate on everything they intend to do.
The 2016 USA presidential elections were a paradigmatic example of that: all of American conspiracy theorist subculture flocked to Trump, as their last chance to save them from evil globalist plot

阴谋论者认为,我们这个时代所有复杂和矛盾的政治,经济和社会问题,都可以用一个单一的、非常简单的原因解释。
对许多人来说,相信世界存在一个邪神,他是造成世界一切混乱的源头,也比相信世界根本没有神、世界只是一片混乱更可取。
你只需相信世界被一个无所不在的阴谋集团控制,幻想自己是发现真相,英勇抵抗的一员,与强大的邪恶势力做斗争就行了。
2016年美国总统大选就是一个典型的例子:几乎所有美国阴谋论者都支持特朗普,因为他们认为这是把美国从邪恶的全球精英集团中拯救出来的最后机会。
讽刺的是,真正的阴谋在生活中随处可见,它们通常都很普通,也很容易被发现——除了那些真正相信阴谋论的人!正如一位退休的间谍曾经告诉过我的那样:90%的情报工作都只是简单地看报纸。我们这个时代的掌权者和执政者会通过全球媒体和新闻出版物进行交流,并且几乎公开地阐述和辩论他们打算做的每一件事。

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