网帖翻译

（图解：布鲁塞尔周末啤酒节）

Northern Europeans seem to be a lot more boisterous and jovial when they drink. There's more of a communal aspect imo when Northern European drinking and it will often lead to random encounters with other random groups. Whereas in many countries in the south drinking with friends is a much more casual and chilled vibe, more akin to how Northern Europeans might go and drink coffee with their friends.

在喝酒的时候，北欧人似乎要喧闹、快活得多。在我看来，北欧人喝酒时沾带更多的公共色彩，而且经常会导致和其他任意群体发生随机的邂逅。而在南欧的很多国家，和朋友喝酒自带一种更漫不经心也更冷淡的氛围，更接近北欧人去和朋友喝咖啡时可能会有的状态。

Don't get me wrong there's probably some variance; the Spanish do seem to like a party but even still I'd say it's different to the more northern way.

不要误解我的意思，可能会存在一些差异；貌似西班牙人确实很喜欢派对，但即便如此，我还是觉得这不同于更为北欧的方式。
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For me, as it relates to drinking cultures I'll say Northern Europe is UK, Ireland, Germany, Netherlands, Scandinavians.
The south is the Balkans, some central European countries like Czechia and more so the Italians than the Spanish(who probably have more regiounal variation)

在我看来，就饮酒文化而言，我认为北欧指的是英国、爱尔兰、德国、荷兰和斯堪的纳维亚人。
南方则是巴尔干半岛诸国，一部分中欧国家，比如捷克，而意大利人的南方味道比西班牙人更重（他们的地区差异可能更大）。

The Balkans just seems completely perplexed by Northern Euro drinking culture and to be fair it's a culture shock when you come here and see how they drink. Young guys sitting around casually nursing one drink for ages; back home those drinks would be gone in 5 minutes, doesn't matter if you're a student, a unemployed degenerate or working as a software engineer, you're downing those pints.

北欧的饮酒文化貌似让巴尔干半岛诸国迷惑到不行，公平地说，当你来到巴尔干这里，看到巴尔干人喝酒的方式，会受到一种文化冲击。年轻男人围坐在一起，漫不经心地喝着，一杯酒能喝上半天；而在我的国家，这么点量的酒五分钟就能喝光，无论你是学生、失业的颓废者还是软件工程师，都能一口气灌下好几品脱。

I'm curious as to why such a difference exists.

我很好奇，为什么会存在这样的差异。

zebett
From my perspective (lived in the UK for a couple of years) the northern Europeans see drinking has something to do to get drunk while the southern Europeans see drinking has a socializing event. I think that also might be because nightclubs and bars tend to close earlier in the north while in Portugal, Spain, etc clubs tend to close at 6, 7am so there is no point on getting absolutely hammer because we enjoy the entire night.

（葡）从我的角度来看（我在英国生活过几年），在北欧人眼里，喝酒就是为了醉的，而在南欧人眼里，喝酒是一种社交活动。我想这可能是因为北欧的夜店/酒吧的关门时间往往更早，而在葡萄牙、西班牙等地，夜店往往到早上六七点才关门，所以没有必要喝到烂醉，因为我们有一整晚可以享受呢。

Most clubs close at around 6 or 7 as well so that's not really a factor I'd say (at least for Belgium).
But yes, getting drunk is always the main obxtive. In fact I rarely drink alcohol if I don't have the intention of getting drunk or tipsy.

（回，比）大部分夜店也是在早上六七点左右关门的，所以我觉得这谈不上是什么原因（至少对比利时来说是这样）。
不过是的，喝醉始终是主要目的。事实上，如果我没有喝醉或微醺的打算，那我很少会去喝酒。

holytriplem
So a few years ago I had quite a Northern European drinking sesh with a bunch of people, and following several said pints one of them came up with an interesting if flawed hypothesis about how the difference between Northern and Southern sesh cultures arose.

（英）几年前，我曾和一群人参加过一次特别带劲的北欧式过量饮酒活动，在几品脱下肚后，他们其中一人想出了一个有趣但有瑕疵的假设，即北方和南方酒文化之间的差异是如何产生的。

In Northern Europe, winters are long and the growing season is short. This means that much more of the year would have been spent in hardship, and then when the harvest finally came you would celebrate by feasting and eating and drinking to excess. In Southern Europe though, winters weren't as long or cold so life wouldn't have been as difficult and so feasts weren't as wild. Later generations then kept the feasting cultures even though their lives had become significantly easier than that of their ancestors.

在北欧，冬天很长，生长季节很短。这就意味着一年中有一大半时间是在艰难困苦中度过的，之后，当最终迎来收获时，你会通过盛宴和大吃大喝来庆祝。但在南欧，冬天没有那么长，也没有那么冷，所以日子不会那么艰难，宴会也就不会那么狂野。而后人延续了盛宴文化，尽管相比他们的祖先，他们的生活已经轻松了许多。

Of course, the Romans were well-known for their wild feasts and Southern Europeans also relied on good harvests to have enough to get through winter, but eh, it's a nice story ennit

当然了，罗马人以其狂野的宴会而闻名，南欧人也是依靠好收成来获得足够的粮食，以此来度过冬天，但这故事讲得不错，不是吗？

Dillra
One aspect of traditional Balkan drinking culture, in Bulgaria at least, is that the “manly” thing is to be able to consume large amounts of alcohol without getting drunk. Losing control or being visibly intoxicated (other than slightly tipsy) is seen as a sign of weakness, something contemptible, unmanly, embarrassing. Visibly intoxicated women are often viewed with even more contempt.

（保）巴尔干传统饮酒文化中的一个方面（至少在保加利亚是这样）就是：是“男子汉”的，就得千杯不醉。失去控制或是众目睽睽之下的醉酒（微醺除外）会被看成软弱的标志，是被人看不起的，是很没有男人味的，也会让人尴尬。在众目睽睽之下醉酒的女人往往会更被人看轻。

Big drinkers around here definitely don’t nurse one drink all evening, but they do drink slowly, one sip at a time, for many hours and with lots of fatty food so as not to get too drunk.

我们这里的大酒鬼绝对不会一杯酒慢慢喝上一整晚，但他们确实喝得很慢，一次抿一小口，能喝上好几个小时，而且会搭配大量的油腻食物，以免醉得太厉害。

Traditionally, most families would make their own wine and rakia (a type of fruit brandy), and many still do to this day. Many people have a drink with their dinner daily. With alcohol easily and widely available, the expectation is that you should have learned how to drink properly in your family. Not being able to hold one’s liquor is sometimes seen as a sign of poor upbringing.

传统上，大多数家庭都会自制葡萄酒和拉基亚酒（某种水果白兰地），有很多家庭至今都在做这个。有很多人每天都会在晚餐时喝上一杯。由于酒很容易取得且到处都是，人们对你的期望是，你应该已经在家里学会了如何适量喝酒。有时候，无法保持不醉会被视为缺乏教养的表现。

（图为流行于巴尔干地区的拉基亚酒，味甜，通常用作开胃酒）

I never thought of it in that way, but you're right. Vomiting due to excessive amounts of alcohol is especially frown upon if you're not a young teenager starting to drink. I still remember being at some family gathering extremely hangover after a wild Saturday night and one alcoholic uncle sternly saying to me "If you can't handle it you don't drink it". Still remember it to this day.

（回，塞尔维亚）我从来没有往这个方向想过，但你是对的。如果你不是一个刚接触酒的青少年，那么因过量饮酒而呕吐会特别不受待见。我至今还记得在某个家庭聚会上，那是一个周日，经过了一夜贪欢，我处于严重的宿醉状态，我那酒鬼叔叔严厉地对我说：“你要是没那个承受力，就不要喝”。直到今天我都记得。

Not only is alcohol not seen as sinful, but non-drinkers are viewed with unabashed suspicion and confusion lol. There is a traditional saying that goes something like “Even God doesn’t like too much of a saint.” Balkaners prefer moderation in all things.

（回）不仅喝酒不被视为罪过，而且人们在看待不沾酒的人时，也带有不加掩饰的猜疑和困惑呵呵。有一句传统谚语是这么说的：“就算是上帝，也不喜欢太过圣人的存在”。巴尔干人在所有问题上都偏爱适度。

hylekoret
Firstly, I don't consider Germany to be at all similar to the Nordics when it comes to this. Ime after having lived there they have a way more "continental" (healthy) relationship with alcohol. Idk about the Netherlands, but I agree that the UK, Ireland and the Nordics are similar. No clue why it's like this in the British isles though.

（挪）首先，在这个问题上，我不觉得德国和北欧国家有什么相似之处。我在那里生活过以后，觉得他们和酒的关系是更“大陆化"（健康）的。我不清楚荷兰那边是什么情况，但我同意英国、爱尔兰和北欧国家是相似的。但我不清楚为什么不列颠群岛会这样。

So speaking for the Nordics, there's a bunch of mostly historic reasons I think are playing into eachother:

所以对北欧国家来说，我认为有很多历史因素在相互影响：

Our countires are fairly remote, meaning that fancy alcohol like wine rarely made its way to normal people. On top of being remote our countries are sparsely populated, so it's remote within remote. I'm not sure about Denmark, but up here at least farmers used to be obligated to brew alcohol for the village for centuries upon centuries to make up for this. Whenever this brew was ready a feast ensued, meaning that the village would often gather and get shitfaced. Hence why ale is still a somewhat major part of Christmas here. So historically alcohol has been seen as a celebratory drink. If we had had a more stable connection to trade or the possibility to grow wine grapes we would probably have treated it more casually, but since forever this hasn't been the case. It's only with the recent advent of globalised trade really that alcohol has become readily available. It's also worth noting that industrialisation came fairly late to the Nordics. Norway for example was in large a peasant society at the turn of the 1900s and then some, hell you could argue that large parts of Norway (due to the sparse population) would remain in this state up until the 50s. So given some time I think our cultures will stabilize and treat it like the rest of the world, but for the moment regular access to alcohol is still relatively new in this part of the world.

我们这些国家所处的位置是相当偏远的，这就意味着葡萄酒这种高档酒，普通人很少能喝到。在偏远的基础上，我们这些国家人口还稀少，所以这在偏远之上又叠加了一层偏远。我不清楚丹麦是什么情况，但至少在我们挪威这里，过去，为了弥补这种情况，农民是有义务为村子里的人酿酒的，这种传统已经绵延了几百年。每当酒酿造完成，紧接着就会有一场盛宴，也就是说，村子里的人经常会聚到一起喝个酩酊大醉。这也是为什么麦芽酒在我们这里仍是圣诞节的重要组成部分。因此，从历史上看，酒一直被看成一种节庆饮品。如果当初我们能更稳定地参与贸易，或者出现了种植酿酒葡萄的可能性，那我们在看待酒时可能会更随性，但自古以来就不是这种情况。直到新近的全球化贸易出现后，获取酒才变得轻而易举。还须注意的是，工业化来到北欧的时间相当晚。比如说，挪威在十九世纪末二十世纪初，在很大程度上还是一个农民社会，CAO，你都可以主张挪威的大部分地区（由于人口稀少）直到五十年代都处于这种状态。所以，我认为假以时日，我们的文化还是能稳定下来的，并像世界其他地方那样对待酒，但就目前而言，在世界的这个地方，能稀松平常地得到酒仍是相对较新的现象。

The social norms are very strict up here, alcohol acts as a social lubricant for the vast majority of people. If we're going into the history of it, it could be explained in part due to our remoteness (again), but also the very recent crazy levels Christianity. Just look at the flags of countries that also tend to drink like this, it's all crosses. I believe alcohol has acted as a liberating drink ever since the reformation and start of widespread fanatical christianity among the peasantry. This level of religiousity lasted well into the 1900s. Also, look into the Law of Jante for a 101 in Nordic culture, no wonder we find freedom in the bottom of bottles lol. Also I think it plays an important role in the mental health of people living in cold and/or sparsely populated countries, just look to Russia for example. Or the loads of northern indigenous people who have had damn near alcohol-epidemics. The relatively high prices in Fennoscandia is actually to combat the culturally ingrained abuse of alcohol.

这里的社会规范是非常严格的，酒对绝大多数人来说是一种社会润滑剂。如果我们对它的历史作一番探究，地处偏远可以部分解释这种情况，但近代非常疯狂的信（基督）教水平也是部分原因。只要看看那些也倾向于采取这种饮酒方式的国家，他们的国旗都是十字架。我相信自从宗教改革和开始出现遍布于农民中的信（基督）教狂热以来，酒就已经充当起了某种具有解放意味的饮品了。这种程度的宗教虔诚一直持续到了二十世纪初。另外，可以研究一下北欧文化中的詹代法则，难怪我们会在喝空的酒瓶中找到自由呢呵呵。此外，我还认为酒在维系生活在寒冷和/或人口稀少国家的人民的心理健康中发挥了重要作用，只要看看俄罗斯这个例子就知道了。或是大量生活在北方的土著，他们那种嗜酒的程度，就快赶上四处传染的瘟疫了。在芬诺斯坎底亚（译注：芬兰、挪威、瑞典、丹麦的总称），相对较高的酒价其实是为了打击其文化中根深蒂固的酗酒现象。
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There's also the most obvious one: Climate and seasons. We can't really grow much stuff here, so again we treat it in a celebaratory way when we first get it (historically). But also, it's been a way to keep warm similarly to how it's been treated in other cold places (Russia).

还有一个最明显的原因：气候和时节。在我们这里还真种不出太多东西，所以当我们在历史上第一次得到酒的时候，我们会以庆祝的方式来受用它。而且它也是一种保暖的方式，和其他寒冷地区（俄罗斯）受用它的方式相似。

As I said regular access to alcohol is still somewhat new and I believe we'll eventually stabilize, which young people seem to be doing at record speeds now. There's been continuous news ever since the pandemic on how young people are hesitant to get shitfaced in Norway and how this breaks with tradition. Idk how it is in the rest of the countries, but it seems we're moving towards an end of the honeymoon-phase with alcohol, and towards a more continental attitude hopefully.

正如我所说的，能稀松平常地获得酒仍属于比较新的现象，我相信我们最终能稳定下来，现在的年轻人似乎正以创纪录的速度在推进此进程。自这场瘟疫爆发以来，不断有新闻报道说挪威的年轻人对于喝醉是如何如何犹疑不定的，以及这种心态如何如何破坏了传统。我不知道其他国家情况如何，但貌似我们和酒的蜜月期行将结束了，并希望向更大陆化的饮酒态度靠拢。

amish1188
I noticed that people in Scandinavia at least get drunk very fast when drinking and as you mentioned try to socialize very hard. They are very aloof when sober, don’t express all the feelings, they swallow camels (that’s the saying for keeping things for themselves) and it’s probably killing them from the inside. When drunk they finally can let it all go. And the next day when sober again they never talk about things they did or said when drunk (when confronted about it they very often “don’t remember”). It can be annoying for someone who is not used to it.

我曾注意到，至少斯堪的纳维亚人在喝酒时会醉得很快，而且正如你提到的那样，他们会非常努力地去社交。他们在没喝醉的清醒状态下是非常冷漠的，是不会把自己的所有情感表达出来的，他们吞得下骆驼（这个说法，指的是不向别人吐露内心），而这很可能会从内部杀死他们。而喝醉的时候，他们终于可以直抒胸臆了。到了第二天，当他们回归清醒时，会绝口不谈他们在醉酒时干过的事和说过的话（在不得不面对这些事时，他们经常会来一句，“我不记得了”）。对于不习惯这种做法的人来说，这种做法可能会很让人火大。

People of the south express themselves daily and don’t rather keep stuff for themselves so I believe that drinking for them is more for fun, chill than it is for the Northern part of Europe. That’s the differences I have spotted at least and ofc it is quite generalizing.

对南欧人来说，表达内心的想法属于一种日常，他们不太喜欢把话憋在心里，所以我相信，对他们来说，喝酒更多是为了享受，会比北欧人更放松。至少，这就是我察觉到的差异，当然了，这么说挺一概而论的。

You described the type of people that I normally don't like to drink with. People that are relying to much on the alcohol to turn in to a new person.

（回，葡）你描述的正是通常情况下我不喜欢与之喝酒的那种人。这种人会依赖酒精来变成一个新的人，而这种依赖已经过分了。
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Brits and Irishmen are notorious lightweights. Whenever you see a drunken tourist in Belgium you can guarantee it's someone from the British Isles because our beers are a lot stronger than the ones they're used to drinking.

（回，比）英国人和爱尔兰人是臭名昭著的业余选手。每当你在比利时看到一个醉醺醺的游客，你都能确定他是来自不列颠群岛的人，因为我们的啤酒比他们习惯喝的那种要烈得多。

AirportCreep
Here in Finland we regard the Danes as super crazy and expressive, at least in the Nordic context. 'Latinos of the North' we call you!

（芬）在我们芬兰，我们会认为丹麦人超级疯狂，也超级爱表达，至少在北欧范围内是这样。我们会称你们为“北欧的拉美人”！

Amazing-Row-5963
Yes, I have some Swedish friends and we are both in Portugal now. They love it that people don't have to be drinking to be social here. They say that they have to get drunk to actually properly socialize with people who are not their friends. They also see sex much more casually, like a simple transaction.

（北马其顿）是的，我有一些瑞典朋友，现在我们人都在葡萄牙。他们很喜欢的一点是：这里的人不需要喝酒就可以玩转社交。他们说，他们必须喝到醉，才能像模像样地和不是他们的朋友的人进行交际。他们对性的态度也随性得多，把性看得像一场简单的交易。

There is a book (made by Scandinavians for immigrants who want to learn about their culture) and it says there that you meet your girlfriend/boyfriend via bed, not for example by going for a walk or a dinner. Ofc it’s supposed to be a joke and another generalization but there is some truth to it.

（回）有一本书（是斯堪的纳维亚人为那些想了解他们文化的移民编写的），上面说你是通过床来认识你的女朋友/男朋友的，而不是通过比如说出去散步或共进餐饭。当然了，这应该是个笑话，也一概而论了，但其中也隐含了一部分事实。

Practical_Success643
It depends on the context, if you are going out to be with a friend and have a beer it makes no sense to get hammered, we party and meet other groups while drinking but we don´t go out just to get blackout drunk

（西）这取决于环境，如果你是要出去和一个朋友一起喝杯啤酒，那么喝得酩酊大醉是毫无意义的，我们会在开派对以及和其他群体见面的时候喝酒，但我们不会单纯为了喝到断片而出去喝酒。

BrianSometimes
Drinking beer is deeply ingrained into our culture and has been for not just centuries but millennia. In the middle ages the population drank copious amounts of beer from sunrise to sunset, it was always on the table, always a key part of folk festivities and rituals. In my country we've only just within the last century come out of the habit, but it's survived in youth culture with its binge drinking, and (to a slightly lesser extent) in our associating alcohol strongly with celebrations and gatherings. Another little thing that separates us from the South is that alcohol has always been used as a way of keeping warm in the cold.

（丹）喝啤酒在我们的文化中是根深蒂固的，这段历史可不仅仅是几百年，而是千年历史。中世纪时，人们会喝大量的啤酒，能从太阳出来喝到太阳落山，桌子上一直都放有啤酒，也一直是民间庆典和宗教仪式中的一个关键组成部分。在我的国家，我们直到上个世纪才摆脱了这一习俗，但它在狂饮这一青少年文化中幸存下来了，也在我们把酒和节庆、聚会的紧密捆绑中幸存了下来（程度较轻）。另一件将我们与南方区分开来的小事是，喝酒一直被当成在寒冷中保暖的一种方法。

Beer was drunk in medi times because it was simply safer to drink than water.

（回，荷）在中世纪的时候，人们喝啤酒是因为它就是比喝水更安全。