网帖翻译

The Chinese J-20 fighter performed a rare flight demonstration recently, showing off its manoeuvrability for the first time after the 2021 China Airshow. As promised, I am sharing this video with you to analyse the latest flight demonstration.

中国歼-20战斗机在2021年中国航展后首次进行了罕见的飞行表演，展示了其机动性。正如我所承诺的，我将与大家分享这段视频，以分析这次最新的飞行演示。

Last year, the J-20 made a strong impression with a flight display at the China Airshow. The Chinese military actually claimed the flight was somewhat restricted, not revealing the full capacity of the J-20, but it was still exceptionally impressive, including a few post-stall manoeuvres, such as Tail Slide. This time, the J-20 demonstration is low-key, but it is still a very interesting flight demonstration worth investigating further. The latest demo of the J-20 was carried about at the Air Force Achievement airshow in northern China. It started with the landing gear down, low altitude, low speed flypast, including low speed turning at an angle. That is mainly to show the low speed stability and manoeuvrability of the aircraft, which is the basis of having great anti-stall performance.

去年，歼-20在中国航展上的飞行表演给人留下了深刻的印象。中国军方实际上声称此次飞行存在一定的克制，没有展现歼-20的全部能力，但它仍然非常的令人印象深刻，包括一些失速后的动作，如尾滑。这次歼-20的演示比较低调，但仍然是一次非常有趣的飞行演示，值得进一步研究。歼-20的最新演示是在中国北方的空军成就航展上进行的。从放下起落架开始，低空，低速飞行，包括低速转弯。主要是展示飞机的低速稳定性和机动性，这是飞机具有良好的防失速性能的基础。

The J-20 also did low speed turns, likely at an angle of 40 or 50 degrees. Some analysts believe that the speed is similar to the landing speed of the S-U-27 fighter. The speed and altitude have been maintained, proving the J-20 can be very stable even at such a low speed. While doing so, a few J-20 control surfaces were not deflecting. That is an indication of good stability design at low speed. When all surfaces are in action, the pilot would be able to complete much greater manoeuvres, for example, swiftly pointing the nose at the enemy direction, then locking on and firing a missile. Adding to that, the J-20’s two V tails deflect inward together, generating a positive lift. The static stability of the J-20 at this moment is negative. The two canards are level; they are not even needed in this maneuver. The main wing slats are also level. In summary, the J-20 definitely has an impressive statically unstable design. Therefore, when all the surfaces are in action, the J-20 can perform exceptionally high-maneuver moves.

这架歼-20也做了低速转弯，可能是40或50度角。有分析认为，这一速度与SU-27战斗机的着陆速度相似。该速度和高度得到保持，证明歼-20即使在如此低的速度下，也可以非常稳定。在此过程中，一些歼-20的控制面没有偏转。这是低速稳定性设计良好的标志。当所有的表面都在工作时，飞行员将能够完成更大的机动，例如，迅速地将机头指向敌人的方向，然后锁定并发射导弹。此外，歼-20的两个V型尾翼一起向内偏转，产生正升力。这时歼-20的静稳定性是负的。两个鸭翼是水平的；在这种机动中，甚至不需要用到它们。主翼板也是水平的。总之，歼-20绝对有一个令人印象深刻的静态不稳定设计。因此，当所有的表面都在工作时，歼-20可以执行非常高的机动动作。

The next thing the J-20 did was a small angle climb plus a half loop, an integration of multiple manoeuvers. The half loop is similar to some post stall manoeuvres and only takes 3 seconds to complete. That demonstrates how quickly the J-20 can change course. Next, the J-20 performed minimal radius turns. At last year's airshow, the J-20 did that, too. This part proves this much larger, heavier, stealthy fighter can make a turn as quickly as an F-16 fighter with an air combat payload. And the F-16 is well known for its world-class maneuverability. This is downright impressive.

接下来，歼-20做了一个小角度爬升加上一个半环，综合了多种机动。半环类似于一些后失速动作，只需要3秒就完成了。这证明了歼-20改变航向的速度很快。接下来，歼-20进行了最小半径转弯。在去年的航展上，歼20也做到了这一点。这部分证明了这种更大、更重、隐形的战斗机可以像F-16战斗机一样快速地进行空战。F-16以其世界级的机动性而闻名。这一点真是令人印象深刻。

This time, the J-20’s turning angle is around 80 degrees. The turn is steady, and the G force is roughly 6G. If we look at the angle of attack, control surface deflection, and engine thrust level indicated by nozzle status change, we can confirm that the J-20 is flying at an intermediate status and it matches the extreme performance of an F-16C fighter.

这一次，歼-20的转弯角度在80度左右。这个转弯很稳定，重力大概是6G。如果我们观察喷嘴状态变化所显示的攻角、操纵面偏转和发动机推力水平，我们可以确认歼-20是在中间状态飞行，它与F-16C战斗机的极限性能相匹配。

Keep in mind that the J-20 has not yet received its designated turbofan engine or vector thrust nozzle. When these two improvements are delivered to the future J-20 variant, the fighter can achieve even higher maneuverability.

记住，歼-20还没有收到为它指定的涡扇发动机或矢量推力喷嘴。当这两种改进交付给未来的J-20改型时，这种战斗机可以实现更高的机动性。

The last part of the flight demo is a steep climb plus a high angle of attack roll. Some analysts point out that, observing the wingtip vortex, the J-20 is actually at a higher angle of attack when doing the climb and roll. Therefore, this is not just a basic climb and roll routine. If we look at these continuous screenshots of the flight, we can easily see that within less than 3 seconds, the J-20 has completed a 360-degree roll with a high angle of attack, and the nose direction of the J-20 has changed over 40 degrees per second. That is actually another proof of the J-20’s world-class post-stall manoeuvre capability. And this is why the J-20 pilot chose to perform this part; it tells everyone how great this fighter is.

飞行演示的最后一部分是一个陡峭的爬升加上一个大的迎角滚转。一些分析人士指出，观察到翼尖涡，歼-20在爬升和滚转时，实际上攻角更高。因此，这不仅仅是一个基本的攀爬和翻滚动作。如果看这些连续的飞行截图，我们很容易看到，在不到3秒的时间里，歼-20完成了大迎角的360度滚转，机头方向每秒变化超过40度。这实际上是歼-20世界级失速后机动能力的另一个证明。这就是为什么J-20飞行员选择执行这个部分；它告诉所有人这架战斗机有多棒。

Lastly, again, this routine is completed without a great turbofan engine similar to what the US F-22 has, and there is no vector thrust control involved. For many people, they can’t wait to see what the ultimate variant of the J-20 can do in a flight demonstration.

最后，同样，这套动作是在没有采用类似美国F-22的大型涡扇发动机的情况下完成的，而且没有涉及矢量推力控制。对于许多人来说，他们迫不及待地想要看到歼-20的终极改型在飞行演示中能做什么。

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

SirKelvinTan
I wonder When’s the Ws19 engine coming - cool video though

我想知道Ws19引擎什么时候到来，但视频依然很酷。

ZeEa5KPul
WS-15. The WS-19 is a medium thrust engine for the J-XY. It should be within a few years (by 2025).

WS-15。WS-19是用于J-XY的一种中型推力发动机。将在几年内(2025年)实现。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

SirKelvinTan
Ah right - the ws15 engine is solely for the j20

哦，对了——ws15发动机是专门为j20设计的。

Burningmeatstick
Hopefully soon, the west needs another reason why they shouldn’t interfere in Taiwan

希望很快，西方需要另一个不干涉台湾的理由。

Quality_Fun
is there a justification for the 2025 date? that's relatively soon.

2025年这个日期有合理的理由吗? 很快。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Bubbly_Employer_4962
J-20 doesn't even need to maneuver exceptionally well. Because of it's huge range and weapons capacity compared to the smaller F-35, the main mission for the J-20 is to hunt and kill refueling planes and AWACS which the F-35 is dependent on, again due to it's smaller size, leading to less range (reliance on air re-fuelers) and reliance on AWACS for both sensing and battle-space control as America is fighting so far away from its borders. Kill those and the F-35 is crippled.

歼-20根本不需要特别好的机动。与较小的F-35相比，由于其巨大的航程和武器能力，歼-20的主要任务是猎杀F-35所依赖的加油机和预警机，再次由于F-35较小的尺寸，导致更小的航程(依赖空中加油机)，以及依赖预警机进行感知和战斗空间控制，因为美国在远离其边境的地方作战。干掉了它们，F-35就会瘫痪。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

dankhorse25
That's the second line of defense. The first line of defense is killing the aircraft carriers and the airfields in US bases. The survival of us fighters choose to China is 0 and will remain 0 for years.

这是第二道防线。第一道防线是摧毁美国航空母舰和基地的机场。美国战斗机在中国面前的生存机会是0，并且会保持多年。

ZeEa5KPul
J-20 doesn't even need to maneuver exceptionally well.
Yes, it does.

是的，它需要。

Because of it's huge range and weapons capacity compared to the smaller F-35, the main mission for the J-20 is to hunt and kill refueling planes and AWACS which the F-35 is dependent on
What if the US does something completely unpredictable and unforeseen like... defend those refueling tankers and AWACS?

如果美国做一些完全不可预测和不可预见的事情，比如……保护那些加油机和预警机?

FuMunChew
Most air to air engagements these days will frankly be BVR (Beyond Visual Range)
It will be all over before fighters get anywhere close enough to 'dogfight'...ala Tom Cruise Maverick (Top Gun) Western fantasy.

现在大多数空对空交战将会是BVR(超越可视范围)。
在战斗机还没有接近到足以“狗斗”的地步，一切就都结束了……阿汤哥的《壮志凌云》只不过是西方人的幻想。

The party therefore with the better sensors and missile range wins.
Currently China has longer range missiles for BVR.

因此，拥有更好的传感器和导弹射程的一方获胜。
目前中国有射程更远的BVR导弹。

Targeting is of course another issue.
With regard AWACS, the F35 can still perform its own AWACS and sharing of info but the range of its radar will be less than a dedicated AWAC system.

瞄准当然是另一个问题。
关于预警机，F35仍然可以执行自己的预警机和共享信息，但其雷达的范围将小于专用的预警机系统。

OTOH the key currently is ability to see other Stealth fighters and target them.
In the case of China, they have just demonstrated very long range Infrared sensors and Targeting (IRST) albeit work still to be done as it was preliminary.

另一方面，目前的关键是能够看到其他隐形战斗机并瞄准它们。
就中国而言，他们刚刚演示了远程红外传感器和目标定位(IRST)，尽管还需要做一些工作，因为该系统还处于初级阶段。

Stealth fighters will still emit heat so the thinking is that they will not be able to evade this sort of system.
Coupled with very long range missiles, its a game changer.

隐形战斗机仍然会散发热量，所以人们认为它们无法避开这种系统。
再加上远程导弹，它将改变游戏规则。

And if the other side does not possess the same, its a lob sided victory (ala Israel v Syria Bekaa valley 82), air maneuver becomes good to have but moot.
The maneuver capability is a long view contingency just in case a near peer rival should catch up with China on Air to Air long range targeting and strike.

如果对方不具备同样的条件，那就是一场一边倒的胜利(比如1982年，以色列vs叙利亚贝卡谷地的战斗)，拥有空中机动力是好事，但没有实际意义。
机动能力是一种考虑长远的应急措施，以防一个接近的竞争对手在对空远程瞄准和打击方面赶上中国。

Ultimately, it is near impossible to evade missiles that can pull way more Gs.

从根本上说，要避开能够实现更高加速度的导弹几乎是不可能的。

jorvis_nonof
Most air to air engagements these days will frankly be BVR (Beyond Visual Range)
The USA had that mentality going into the Vietnam War, which led them to remove the autocannon from the F-4 Phantom, relying only on missiles. If the missiles failed to hit the MiGs, they simply closed in for the kill, and all the F-4 could do was attempt to escape, since it was somewhat faster than the MiGs. They ended up adding an autocannon to the F-4 again.

美国曾带着这种心态参加越南战争，这导致他们取消了F-4鬼怪的自动加农炮，只依赖导弹。如果那些导弹没有击中米格战机，对方就会直接逼近大杀特杀，而F-4所能做的就是努力逃跑，因为它比米格战机要快一些。最后他们又给F-4加了一门自动加农炮。

Missiles can and do miss, especially with electronic warfare being a factor.

导弹可能而且确实会打偏，特别是在电子战的情况下。

Stealth fighters will still emit heat so the thinking is that they will not be able to evade this sort of system.

隐形战斗机仍然会散发热量，所以人们认为它们无法避开这种系统。

"Stealth" fighters just mean you have trouble acquiring them with crappy old radars. You will still be able to track them using radio waves, beyond the horizon.

"隐形"战斗机只是意味着很难用蹩脚的旧雷达找到它们。仍然可以用无线电波追踪他们，在视界之外。

And if the other side does not possess the same, its a lob sided victory (ala Israel v Syria Bekaa valley 82), air maneuver becomes good to have but moot.
The superior air maneuver of MiGs in the Vietnam War meant that if the F-4 missed with its missiles and then failed to escape fast enough, it was stuck in a hopeless situation, which happened many, many times.

米格战机在越南战争中高超的空中机动意味着，如果F-4的导弹没有击中，然后又没有足够快地逃脱，后者就陷入了绝望的境地，这种情况发生了很多很多次。

Ultimately, it is near impossible to evade missiles that can pull way more Gs.
It's actually relatively easy to evade missiles with EW countermeasures and quick maneuver.

用电子战对抗和快速机动来躲避导弹实际上是相对容易的。

Quality_Fun
sexy plane.

性感的飞机。

escitalopram100mg
Highway to the taiwan zone

通往台海的高速公路。

Chinese_poster
Copium before Changchun airshow:
Lol J-20 turns like a truck. It will never win in a dog fight against the f-22.
Copium after Changchun airshow:
Supermaneuverability is useless in modern air combat. It's all about BVR

长春航展之前的犟嘴：
“哈哈，J-20转起弯来像卡车。它在与F22的狗斗中永远打不赢。”
长春航展之后的犟嘴：
“超机动性在现代空战中没用，超视距导弹包打天下。”