为什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然长寿(二)
2022-10-02 辽阔天空 3748
正文翻译

How do some people who eat very unhealthy and still manage to live a long life?

为什么有些吃得很不健康的人仍然长寿?

评论翻译
Ann Patrick
The diathesis-stress model of illness is that FIRST there is a genetic predisposition for a particular illness, and THEN there is some stressor (lifestyle, diet, environmental pollution, etc) that TRIGGERS that genetic predisposition.
If you have not inherited that predisposition, you will probably not get that particular illness. Unfortunately you cannot necessarily count on your body being identical to your parents or other relatives .. and the only way to know IF you have a predisposition is once it is too late and you have come down with that illness.
My dad smoked all his life … from age12 (in 1922) until he died at age 92 in 2002. He had emphysema, but not a bad case of it, and he did not die from any smoking/lung-related illness. That does not mean I would not die from smoking, though.

疾病的“压力-易感模型”是,首先有特定疾病的遗传倾向,然后有一些压力源(生活方式,饮食,环境污染等)触发遗传倾向。
如果你没有遗传这种倾向,你可能不会患上那种特殊的疾病。不幸的是,你不能指望你的身体与你的父母或其他亲属完全相同。唯一能知道你是否有这种倾向的方法是,一旦为时已晚,你就得了这种病。
我父亲从12岁(1922年)一直吸烟,直到2002年92岁去世。他患有肺气肿,但并不严重,他没有死于任何与吸烟/肺部相关的疾病。但这并不意味着我不会死于吸烟。
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Muralasa Murasaki
What makes you so sure that you know what “eat very unhealthy” really means?
Our current standards for “healthy” and “unhealthy” still aren’t very accurate. They’re mostly statistical, and so far, data has been very extremely sparse and limited compared to the amount of relevant data that could be collected about human health.
When researchers can fit their test subjects with always-on health trackers that send data back to their servers for processing, and even more when everybody can afford “fitness trackers” and volunteers to share their data with research institutions to run through machine learning programs, we’re very likely to see an explosion of new ideas about what is and isn’t “very unhealthy”, and some of that information is likely to contradict what people think is “very unhealthy” today.

是什么让你如此确信你知道“吃得非常不健康”的真正含义?
我们目前对“健康”和“不健康”的标准仍然不够准确。它们大多是统计数据,到目前为止,与可以收集的有关人类健康的相关数据相比,数据非常稀少和有限。
当研究人员能够为他们的受试者配备始终在线的健康追踪器,将数据发送回他们的服务器进行处理时,甚至当每个人都能负担得起“健康追踪仪”并自愿与研究机构共享数据以运行机器学习程序时,我们很可能会看到关于什么是“非常不健康”,什么不是“非常健康”的新想法的爆发,其中一些信息可能与今天人们所认为的“非常不健康”的观点相矛盾。

Valerie Bellefleur
That is a good question because my ex-husband was that. He was an alcoholic but did not care what he ate living on fried food, meat, candy and did not follow any kind of a diet. At this point he is 83, has breathing problems and was a smoker always life. I think these people have a very strong metabolism which can stand up to anything, because of his habits he should not have lived to 83. We are told that these bad habits can lead to various illnesses but he did not get any of them. It is also a mystery to me how drinking so much alcohol and smoking did not do any further damage, so I think some people because of good genes and longevity in the family let them live to a ripe old age regardless of how they treat their bodies. It is ironic that Adele Davis who wrote the book on nutrition died of cancer, so I think it was due to family background.

这是一个好问题,因为我的前夫就是这样。他是个酒鬼,但他不关心他吃什么,以油炸食品、肉类和糖果为生,也不遵循任何形式的节食。现在他已经83岁了,有呼吸问题,而且一直是烟民。我认为这些人的新陈代谢非常强,可以抵抗任何东西,因为他的习惯,他本不应该活到83岁的。我们被告知,这些坏习惯会导致各种疾病,但他没有得任何一种。对我来说,喝这么多酒和抽烟怎么不会对身体造成进一步的伤害也是个谜,所以我认为有些人因为基因好和家庭原因二长寿,所以不管他们如何对待自己的身体,他们都能长寿。讽刺的是,写这本关于营养的书的阿黛尔·戴维斯死于癌症,所以我认为这和家庭背景有关。

Dulistan Heman
Each of us has different genetic Metabolism. Some can smoke until 90 years old with no problem. As for me, just inhale a cigarette will cause me trouble breathing, coughing for couple days and sorethroat, let alone one cigarette/day.
Some people can eat lots of food about 5,000 Calories/day or more and have no health problem. As for me, consume healthy food 2000 Calories (excess 200 from 1800/day) will increase my weight and can give me diabetes.
However, eat healthy is always recommended for general population to keep society healthy.

我们每个人都有不同的基因代谢。有些人可以吸烟到90岁,没有问题。对我来说,仅仅吸一支烟就会导致呼吸困难、咳嗽几天和喉咙痛,更不用说每天吸一支了。
有些人每天可以吃5000卡路里或更多的食物,并且没有健康问题。对我来说,摄取健康食物2000大卡(每天1800大卡的热量超过200大卡)会增加我的体重,并可能导致糖尿病。
然而,为了保持社会健康,人们总是建议大家吃得健康。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Hello 100
Can you imagine that they could live twice as long if they followed a healthy lifestyle?
I will agree, that luck and genetics matter, but your choices are key to longevity. Why should you even shave off years from your life by smoking, eating junk food, and leading a passive lifestyle?
Instead of shortening your life, learn how to become a super-ager following this guideline.
Diet can be the fundament for the long life and slow aging!
Everyone is interested in living a long life. But not everyone keeps their body in a healthy state. To start with, you can balance your diet and start taking more vitamins from vegetables, fruits, and leafy greens.
It is not a secret that by cleansing your body you can also clean your mind. Hence, healthy eating stabilizes mental health, keeps you away from stress.
Never stop moving!
Sporting is one of the most important habits for you to maintain your healthy lifespan and unlax the process of living. Training postpones aging, stabilizes your heart rate and health, lowers the risk of getting age-related chronic diseases. Scientists put a huge meaning in training but they also suggest a balanced training program. You should know that everything is good in the proper amount.

你能想象如果他们遵循健康的生活方式,他们的寿命会延长一倍吗?
我同意,运气和基因很重要,但你的选择是长寿的关键。为什么你甚至应该通过吸烟、吃垃圾食品和消极的生活方式来减少你的寿命?
与其缩短你的寿命,不如照着这条指南学习如何成为一个超级老人。
饮食是长寿和延缓衰老的基础!
每个人都对长寿感兴趣。但并不是每个人都能保持身体健康。首先,你可以平衡你的饮食,开始从蔬菜、水果和绿叶蔬菜中摄取更多的维生素。
清洁你的身体也可以清洁你的思想,这不是秘密。因此,健康的饮食可以稳定心理健康,让你远离压力。
永远不要停止运动!
运动是维持健康寿命和放松生活过程的最重要习惯之一。训练可以延缓衰老,稳定你的心率和健康,降低患与年龄有关的慢性病的风险。科学家们认为训练意义重大,但他们也建议制定一个平衡的训练计划。你应该知道,一切都是好的,适量就行。

Build the right sleeping habits!
Many people have problems with sleep. In most cases that can be related to stress, circadian rhythm, or eating before sleep. The latter can be explained that your brain just cannot be turned off when your guts work on digesting. Your sleep can also be affected by the disorder in circadian rhythm. This is your inner clock that reacts to the morning light and evening dark. It is now obvious that sleep deprivation can affect your life expectancy.
American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests the sleeping hygiene you can set up consists of:
Setting a specific time when you must go to sleep for getting 7–8 hours of sleep,
get up at the same time every day without omitting weekends,
let your eyes rest in the darkness and limit bright light exposure while sleeping,
try to be active before bedtime, a small, not excess exercise before sleeping can positively affect your sleep,
use your bedroom for sleeping only,
do not use electronic devices before sleeping,
do not eat a heavy meal before bedtime,
avoid consuming caffeine, alcohol and reduce fluid intake before sleeping.
You can try to put these tips on your healthful habits list. Try to fill in the checkboxes and follow the results. These tiny checkboxes may change your life for the better if you build a habit not to ignore them day by day.

养成正确的睡眠习惯!
许多人有睡眠问题。在大多数情况下,这可能与压力、昼夜节律或睡前进食有关。后者可以解释为,当你的肠子消化时,你的大脑无法休息。你的睡眠也会受到昼夜节律紊乱的影响。这是你的内在生物钟,对晨曦和黄昏做出反应。现在很明显,睡眠不足会影响你的寿命。
美国睡眠医学学会建议,你可以建立的睡眠卫生包括:
设定一个你必须睡觉的特定时间,以获得7-8小时的睡眠,
每天都在同一时间起床,周末也一样,
让你的眼睛在黑暗中休息,限制睡觉时受到强光照射,
试着在睡觉前积极活动,睡前一个小的、不过度的运动会对你的睡眠产生积极的影响,
你的卧室只能用来睡觉,
睡觉前不要使用电子设备,
睡前不要吃太多食物,
睡觉前避免摄入咖啡因、酒精和减少液体摄入。
你可以试着把这些小贴士放在你的健康习惯清单上。尝试填写复选框并跟踪结果。如果你养成一个每天都不忽视它们的习惯,这些小小的复选框可能会让你的生活变得更好。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Victor Croft
Recent research suggests that there are genes that guarantee a person's thinness. Their slimness is simply a given, embedded in them from birth.
Over the past decades, many studies have been on genetic predispositions toward obesity, but much less attention has been paid to the genes responsible for thinness. Scientists have studied the genetic data of just over 1600 British residents with a body mass index below 18, 2 thousand people suffering from a severe form of obesity, and 10.4 thousand - with weight within normal limits. All participants in this study were interviewed about their diets and lifestyles.
Based on the findings, scientists concluded that a person's physique does not always depend on their lifestyle, as is commonly believed. Some people get fat, not because of poor nutrition or neglecting exercise, but simply because their combination of genes encourages weight gain. The same is true of thinness: it is not always the result of challenging workouts and many diets.
At this point, it is not entirely clear which sets of genes contribute to the slimness of their owners. Several additional studies are being conducted to answer this question.
However, along with this, experts emphasize that whatever genetics has given you by nature, it is crucial to look after yourself, avoid overeating, and move more. All this affects not only your weight but also your overall health.

最近的研究表明,有一些基因可以保证一个人苗条。她们的苗条是与生俱来的,从出生起就嵌入其中。
在过去的几十年里,许多研究都是关于肥胖的遗传易感性,但对导致苗条的基因关注较少。科学家研究了1600多名英国居民的遗传数据,他们的体重指数低于18,2000人患有严重肥胖,10.4万人体重在正常范围内。这项研究的所有参与者都接受了关于饮食和生活方式的采访。
根据这些发现,科学家得出结论,一个人的体质并不总是像人们普遍认为的那样取决于他们的生活方式。有些人发胖,不是因为营养不良或忽视锻炼,而是因为他们的基因组合鼓励体重增加。瘦身也是如此:瘦身并不总是挑战性锻炼和多种饮食的结果。
目前,尚不完全清楚是哪些基因导致了苗条。为了回答这个问题,正在进行其他几项研究。
然而,除此之外,专家们强调,无论遗传给你的是什么,照顾好自己、避免暴饮暴食和多运动都是至关重要的。所有这些不仅影响你的体重,也影响你的整体健康。

Leslie
Excellent question. There are many variables to that question. I will focus on the gut part. The body and gut have a mucus lining. That protects the organs, intestines, stomach and so on. If a children has a great start on life with nutrition and bacteria then the core is good. In most cases. Then the child turns into a teenager and starts with a soda and junk food this can change the gut bacteria. If this person eats some junk food and stills gets the bacteria needed for the protection of the lining and ph, enzymes are good then they should do well. It is when the mucus lining and bad bacteria and or pathogens and parasites get in things can go wrong. Now none of this is going into depth of cancer, thyroid or any other issues. Sugar is a dangerous thing to the body. And it causes a lot of problems. Some people do well others do not. There is a lot that can affect all of this.

很好的问题。这个问题有很多变数。我将专注于肠道部分。身体和肠道都有一层粘液。这保护了器官、肠道、胃等。如果一个孩子的生命有了一个良好的开端,营养和细菌,那么核心是好的。在大多数情况下。然后孩子变成青少年,开始吃苏打水和垃圾食品,这可以改变肠道细菌。如果这个人吃了一些垃圾食品,但仍然得到了保护衬里和ph值所需的细菌,酶是好的,那么他们应该做得很好。当粘液里和坏细菌或病原体和寄生虫进入时,事情就会出问题。现在这些都没有深入到癌症、甲状腺或任何其他问题。糖对身体有害。这也带来了很多问题。有些人做得好,有些人做不好。有很多因素可以影响这一切。

Adlai Armundsen
What is unhealthy? According to modern propaganda people before us ate “Unhealthy” food for 80 years or more and lived. Not only do I eat “unhealthy” I drink a lot. I am in my late 60’s with the various types of maladies. Type 2 diabetes, obese, high blood pressure, whatever. I am doing what I can to survive the plague and see doctors on a regular basis and get a colonoscopy on a regular basis too. I take my pills also for whatever. My father used to eat eggs and bacon each morning and NEVER wash the pan or silverware. He would get livid if it was done. He made it to 90. Fell in the bathroom due to a bad leg from a fall and hit his head and died. I admit he may have been drunk too. Anyway my philosophy- I am going to die, there is no avoiding it!!! I may as well enjoy the trip!!!!

什么是不健康的?根据现代宣传,我们之前的人们吃了80多年的“不健康”食物,并且活了下来。我不仅吃得“不健康”,而且喝得过多。我已经60多岁了,有各种各样的疾病。2型糖尿病、肥胖、高血压等等。我正在尽我所能熬过瘟疫,定期去看医生,也定期做结肠镜检查。 我什么药都吃。我父亲过去每天早上吃鸡蛋和熏肉,从不洗锅或餐具。甚至若洗了他的餐具,他会大发雷霆的。他活到了90岁。在浴室里摔了一跤,摔坏了一条腿,撞到头死了。我承认他可能也喝醉了。无论如何,我的人生哲理是—我将会死去,这是无法避免的!我不妨享受这次人生旅行!

Greg Easter
The problem with your question is the broad term “unhealthy”, which is often subjective and sometimes even based on false information. These days there is a growing cult of vegans who argue that eating meat is “unhealthy” (it isn’t). Not very long ago it was considered “healthy” to eat margarine instead of butter (it isn’t).
Now if you are talking about people who live on fast food and candy, it’s immediately obvious that they are not in good health just by their weight. They will not live a long life that way. Most are dead decades sooner than those who avoid processed foods and junk snacks.

你的问题在于“不健康”是个宽泛的术语,这通常是主观的,有时甚至基于虚假信息。如今,越来越多的素食主义者认为吃肉“不健康”(事实并非如此)。不久前,吃人造奶油而不吃奶油被认为是“健康的”(事实并非如此)。
现在,如果你谈论的是那些以快餐和糖果为生的人,光看他们的体重就能立刻看出他们的健康状况不佳。他们还活不了许久。他们中的大多数比那些不吃加工食品和垃圾零食的人死得早几十年。

Carl Vagg
while nutrition is part of general health and welbeing, potential life length is more than just ‘eating very unhealthy’..
‘eating very unhealthy’ is also a matter of opinion, which also generally changes over time and increasing understandings as to optimum nutrition and health..
many okinawans eat basic home grown veg etc, plus fresh fish, incl 90 +yr olds who tend their own gardens, which is one hint.
ongoing over use of alcohol also comes up in statistics as a real factor in general health and lifespan, including from accidents and car smashes etc..
thus potential life span is a factor of various realities beyond ‘eating healthy’..
no doubt some have genetic predispositions to longer life, or otherwise, with genetic diseases etc not dependent upon eating healthy..
in emergency depts of hospitals, the first thing they ask is ‘do you smoke’, not, ‘do you eat healthy’…
stress for example is related to heart disease and other quality of life factors, both ways.. less stress, and better dealing with stress, enhance other realities..
last years usa road death toll was 42,000 dead, plus about 5 million injured..
when you look at such ongoing causes of death and injury over a lifetime or more, it becomes obvious that there is more to survival than eating healthy..
bearing in mind that people often think their diet is basically healthy, even tho it may be of processed foods, fatty foods, junk foods and so on.. the or a basic eating healthy message on mass broadcasting etc, includes brainwashing, or ads promoting rubbish foods, as ‘fun’ with healthy young people eating it, which represents ongoing conditioning of peoples thoughts on what is good food, healthy food…
thus there is as usual more to it than one particular idea or supposition..

虽然营养是总体健康和幸福的一部分,但潜在寿命不仅仅是“吃得非常不健康”。
“吃得非常不健康”也是一个观点问题,随着时间的推移,人们对最佳营养和健康的理解也在不断增加。
许多冲绳人吃基本的家庭种植的蔬菜等,加上新鲜的鱼,包括90多岁的老人,他们有自己的花园,这是一个提示。
在统计数据中,持续过度饮酒也成为影响一般健康和寿命的一个真正因素,包括事故和车祸等。
因此,潜在寿命是超越“健康饮食”的各种现实因素。
毫无疑问,有些人有长寿的遗传倾向,或者其他,遗传疾病等就不依赖健康饮食。
在医院的急诊科,他们首先要问的是“你吸烟吗”,而不是“你吃得健康吗“。
例如,压力与心脏病和其他生活质量因素有关,减少压力和更好地应对压力,这两种方面都对现实寿命有好处。
去年,美国公路死亡人数为42000人,另有约500万人受伤。
当你在一生或更长的时间里观察这些持续的死亡和伤害的原因时,很明显,生存比健康饮食更重要。
记住,人们通常认为他们的饮食基本上是健康的,即使可能是加工食品、高脂肪食品、垃圾食品等。或者是大众广播中基本的健康饮食信息,这包括洗脑,或宣传垃圾食品的广告,因为健康的年轻人吃它很“有趣”,这代表着人们对什么是好的食物,健康的食物的想法的不断调整。
因此,与往常一样,它不仅仅是一个特定的想法或假设。

Kanishk Bansod
Did you know that people who live to be 95 are just as likely to make unhealthy lifestyle choices as anyone else? At least that’s what one study from the Yeshiva Institute for Aging found. Smoking, drinking, failing to exercise, eating processed foods—some people do these things all their lives and somehow still manage to outlive their healthier peers. Likewise, some people who make all the right choices (eating Paleo, exercising, wearing sunscreen etc.) are sometimes the ones who get the sickest.
People who do end up living to 95+ are a rarity (~ .01% of the population). But several studies have shown this to group to smoke, drink, and lead sedentary life-styles just as much, or, in some cases, even more than the general population. At first, this might seem absolutely baffling. You might be wondering: is all my work to stay healthy done in vain if people who do just the opposite outlive me?
The answer is: of course not. The real story behind these long-lived, yet unhealthy people is luck—more specifically, the luck of winning the genetic lottery. Oftentimes, people who live to be very old simply have longevity encoded within their genes. They might interact with environmental factors differently than others. Their good genes work to counteract the effects of bad behavior and bad habits. Some genes not only slow down cellular aging, but also provide an anti-aging effect—giving some people a huge advantage when it comes to living a long, if unhealthy, life.
Now you might be wondering, how do I know if I’m one of these people? Well, you can’t—that is, until you actually live to be very old. In other words, only time will tell if you made out with the genetic winnings—and the odds aren’t in your favor. For 99.9% of us, life-style choices matter a great deal. While a small segment of the population might seem to defy the idea that how we live our lives dictates how old we live to be, the fact is, these people are the exception to the rule; they’re going to live a long time no matter what. The rest of us actually do have control over how long we do or don’t live; which is really a good thing if you think about it.

你知道吗,活到95岁的人和其他人一样,也可能选择不健康的生活方式?至少这是叶史瓦老龄研究所的一项研究发现的。吸烟、酗酒、不锻炼、吃加工食品——有些人一辈子都在做这些事情,但不知何故,他们的寿命仍然比采用健康的方式生活的同龄人活得更长。同样,一些做出正确选择的人(吃原始饮食、锻炼、涂防晒霜等)有时是病得最严重的人。
最终活到95岁以上的人很少见(约占人口的.01%)。但几项研究表明,他们抽烟、喝酒、过着久坐不动的生活方式,在某些情况下,甚至比一般人群多。乍一看,这似乎完全令人费解。你可能会想:如果那些做相反事情的人比我活得更久,我为保持健康所做的所有努力都是徒劳的吗?
答案是:当然不是。这些长寿但不健康的人背后真正的故事是运气——更确切地说,是赢得基因彩票的运气。通常情况下,长寿的人只是基因里有长寿的编码。它们与环境因素的相互作用可能与其他因素不同。他们良好的基因可以抵消不良行为和坏习惯的影响。有些基因不仅能减缓细胞衰老,而且还具有抗衰老作用,使一些人在长寿(但采用不健康的生活方式)方面拥有巨大优势。
现在你可能会想,我怎么知道我是不是这些人中的一员?嗯,在你真正活到很老之前,你是不能知道的。换句话说,只有时间才能证明你是否成功了——而且几率并不对你有利。对于99.9%的人来说,生活方式的选择至关重要。虽然一小部分人似乎不相信我们的生活方式决定了我们的寿命,但事实是,这些人是这一规则的例外;不管怎样,他们都会活得很长。我们其余的人实际上可以控制自己的寿命;如果你仔细想想,这真的是一件好事。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


But we don’t always have complete control. On the other side of the spectrum, you could practice healthy habits your whole life and still fall victim to disease, particularly cancer. My wife is one of these people. In spite of exercising, eating healthy, and controlling for environmental toxins, she became a victim of breast cancer four years ago. A study from Johns Hopkins found that most incidences of cancer are caused not by unhealthy lifestyles, but by plain old bad luck—as is my wife’s case. Again the question arises: is all your work towards staying healthy done in vain?
The answer, again, is: of course not! The study found 22 cancers that were tied to random gene mutations—but nine others, including skin cancer, colorectal, and lung cancer, were proven to be tied to environmental and life-style factors. Breast cancer was not uated in the study.
The moral of the story is that some cancers (particularly some of the most common forms) leave more room than others for taking measures of prevention. I.e., what you choose to eat and put on your skin does affect your risk of developing some forms of cancer. Additionally, several studies have shown that healthy living tends to turn off cancer-promoting genes and turn on cancer-suppressing genes—more evidence that making healthy choices does affect our risk of developing cancer.
At the end of the day, the work you do to stay healthy matters. A combination of conventional medicine and holistic health almost certainly has a meaningful effect on how old we live to be. And even if you do happen to be one of those people who will live to be 100 no matter what, or one of those people who unfairly falls victim to disease, living healthy will, at the very least, improve the quality of however many years you do live—whether that’s 45, 75, or 100+.
So take care of you and love life longer.

但我们并不总是能够完全控制。另一方面,你可能一生都在养成健康的习惯,但仍然会成为疾病的受害者,特别是癌症。我妻子就是其中之一。尽管她坚持锻炼、健康饮食、控制环境毒素,但四年前她还是患上了乳腺癌。约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的一项研究发现,大多数癌症发病率不是由不健康的生活方式引起的,而是由纯粹的坏运气引起的,就像我妻子的情况一样。问题再次出现:你为保持健康所做的一切努力都是徒劳的吗?
答案是:当然不是!研究发现,22种癌症与随机基因突变有关,但其他9种癌症,包括皮肤癌、结直肠癌和肺癌,被证明与环境和生活方式因素有关。研究中未对乳腺癌进行评估。
这个故事的寓意是,一些癌症(特别是一些最常见的形式)比其他癌症更容易采取预防措施。一、 例如,你选择吃什么和穿什么会影响你患某种癌症的风险。此外,几项研究表明,健康的生活往往会关闭促癌基因,而打开抑癌基因,更多的证据表明,做出健康的选择确实会影响我们患癌症的风险。
在一天结束的时候,你为保持健康所做的工作很重要。传统医学和整体健康的结合几乎肯定会对我们的寿命产生重大影响。即使你碰巧是那些无论如何都能活到100岁的人,或者那些不公平地成为疾病受害者的人,健康的生活至少会提高你的生活质量——不管是45岁、75岁还是100岁以上。
所以好好照顾自己,热爱生命。

Louis Cohen
Your genes. Some people go their whole lives always sickly and die early. Others abuse their bodies and live long lives. Both of these extreme cases are in the tails of distributions. Most people are healthier and live longer if they eat well and not too much, never smoke or use other harmful drugs, and never drink too much alcohol.
Years ago, I read an obituary in the local paper about a well-known guy who weighed over 300 lbs, would come to the racetrack regularly and eat a bunch of hot dogs, and IIRC he smoked as well. Died in his late 80’s.

与你的基因有关。有些人一辈子都是体弱多病,死得很早。还有一些人虐待自己的身体,却长寿。这两种都属于极端情况。如果吃得好、不吃太多、不吸烟或使用其他有害药物、不过量饮酒,大多数人会更健康、更长寿。
多年前,我在当地报纸上看到一则讣告,说的是一个体重超过300磅的知名人士,他经常来赛马场,吃一大堆热狗,而且他还抽烟,80多岁去世。

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