为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷(二)
2022-10-23 辽阔天空 3456
正文翻译

Why do most poor people remain poor?

为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷?

评论翻译
Jack Menendez
Thank you all for your upvotes, comments, and shares. I wrote this essay as an example of the level and kind of difficult discussion required to solve problems in our country.
Original Answer:
The best answer to why do most people remain poor is an experience I had.
My state, Oregon, is a little like the rust belt because the forest industry collapsed. No, it is not because of environmental laws. Instead of milling the logs here, they closed most of the mills and sent the raw logs to mills overseas for pennies per board foot.
Some mills closed because there are only 10% of the old-growth trees remaining.[1] Younger third growth trees require computerized mills with digital saws to be profitable. The investment in automation and upgraded equipment saves the few remaining mills still in business.[2]

谢谢大家的支持票、评论和分享。我写这篇随笔是为了说明解决我国问题所需的难度和程度。
原始答案:
为什么大多数人仍然贫穷,我的经历就是最好的答案。
我在的俄勒冈州,有点像铁锈地带,因为森林工业崩溃了。不,这不是因为环境法。相反是因为他们没有在这里碾磨原木,而是关闭了大部分木工厂,把生原木以每板英尺几美分的价格送到海外的木工厂。
一些木工厂被关闭,因为只剩下10%的老树了。较年轻的第三年的树需要配备数字锯的计算机化木工厂才能盈利。 对自动化和升级设备的投资挽救了为数不多仍在运营的木工厂。

Oregon is on its third generation of unemployed adults. I will explain what that means below. Also, low-income families in this part of my state are mostly white, and of European ethnicity, as is the family described below.
Someone challenged me to help a poor woman who lives nearby get a job. A flawed piece of legislation that Clinton signed, the so-called "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act," took away her assistance. Joe Biden was the self-proclaimed architect of this law. The effect of this law was to put this family into "food insecurity," newspeak for your children will now go to bed hungry every night because you don't have a job. BTW, today 15% of families in Oregon have food insecurity, including 194,070 children
So, what does 3rd generation of unemployment look like in a rural state? Here is the situation. There is a request for help from the local church by a mom who needs a job. This family is a couple living with their three young children living in rural Oregon.

俄勒冈州正在迎来第三代失业成年人。我将在下面解释这意味着什么。此外,我所在州这个地区的低收入家庭大多是白人和欧洲族裔,正如下面描述的家庭一样。
有人向我挑战,要我帮助住在附近的一个贫穷妇女找到一份工作。克林顿签署的一项有缺陷的立法,即所谓的“个人责任和工作机会法案”,剥夺了她的援助。乔·拜登(Joe Biden)自称是这项法律的设计师。这项法律的效果是让这个家庭陷入“粮食不足”的境地,现在,你们的孩子每天晚上都要饿着肚子睡觉,因为你们没有工作。顺便说一句,今天俄勒冈州15%的家庭存在粮食不足,包括194070名儿童。
那么,在有乡村特色的州,第三代人失业是什么样子的呢?情况是这样的。一位需要工作的母亲向当地教会请求帮助。这个家庭是一对夫妇,他们和三个年幼的孩子住在俄勒冈州农村。

What people volunteering to help the mom discover is:
1. Dad, who is an abusive drunk, gets up every morning at 11:00 AM, goes to the small market, buys a six-pack of tall beers, drinks them, returns home, yells at the kids, and often proceeds to beat up the mom. Then he sleeps in the afternoon and goes to the local bar in the evening.
2. Mom has no driver's license because Dad wouldn't allow her to get one. The family lives in a rural area about 3 miles from town, so transportation is a problem.
3. Mom only has pajamas for clothes.
4. Mom is not a dummy, but she is like 60% of the people in her community, a high school dropout; she has no job skills.
5. Dad will stop Mom from applying for a job by beating her in front of the children.
6. There is no one to take care of the kids because, well, we are going to get rid of Dad.

那些自愿帮助妈妈的人发现:
1.爸爸酗酒成性,每天早上11点起床,去小市场买六瓶装啤酒,喝了之后回家,冲着孩子们大喊大叫,还经常殴打妈妈。然后下午睡觉,晚上去当地的酒吧。
2.妈妈没有驾照,因为爸爸不允许她拿到驾照。这家人住在离城镇约3英里的农村地区,因此交通是个问题。
3.妈妈只穿睡衣。
4.妈妈不是个傻瓜,但她就像社区里60%的人一样,高中辍学,没有工作技能。
5.爸爸会在孩子们面前殴打妈妈,阻止她申请工作。
6.没有人照顾孩子,因为我们要摆脱爸爸。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


You may find that you have some questions like why does the mom stay there? That's a little different subject about why people get stuck in abusive relations, but you can see that this man is very controlling.
There is the argument that helping this family enables them to be what they are. There are children involved, and this is not your alcoholic uncle. How do we, as a community, help these children? Also, remember that the unemployment problem here in Oregon is a self-inflicted wound because our country ships its use of labor overseas. The big employers in the wood-products industry are the mills that moved offshore to enhance profits. The mill towns are a lot like the Rust Belt in the midwest. The government that incentivized offshoring work started during the Reagan era should be responsible for fixing what they destroyed, which are families like this one.
Please think about this situation from the children's perspective. They have never seen a parent get up in the morning, dress correctly, and go to work. For the children, the situation is normal. There is a good chance the little boy will follow in his Dad's footsteps because Dad is the role model. The little girls, like their mom, will likely get pregnant at 16 and drop out of high school.
The family is one example of how the cycle of poverty works, but it is not the only one. Do you see the problem?

你可能会发现你有一些问题,比如为什么妈妈呆在那里?关于为什么人们会陷入虐待关系,这是一个不同的主题,但你可以看到这个男子控制欲很强。
有人认为,帮助这个家庭能让他们做他们自己。牵扯到孩子,而且他不是你的酒鬼叔叔。作为一个社区,我们如何帮助这些孩子?此外,请记住,俄勒冈州的失业问题是这是自己造成的伤害,因为我们的国家将劳动力类工作转移到海外。木材制品行业的大雇主是那些为了提高利润而搬到海外的工厂。这些木工厂所在的城镇很像美国中西部的铁锈地带。在里根时代开始鼓励离岸外包工作的政府应该负责修复他们摧毁的东西,就是像这样的家庭。
请从孩子们的角度考虑这件事。他们从来没有见过父母早上起床,穿着得体,然后去上班。对于孩子们来说,这种情况是正常的。这个小男孩很有可能追随父亲的脚步,因为父亲是其榜样。小女孩和她们的妈妈一样,可能会在16岁时怀孕并从高中辍学。
家庭是贫困循环的一个因素,但它不是唯一的因素。你看到问题了吗?

We get Mom to agree that Dad must go. The police get involved, and Dad departs good riddance. Next problem, mom needs clothes, we get donations from the local church, and volunteers take her shopping while other volunteers watch the kids. We help with getting the kids to school.
We get assistance for the family while mom trains for a job skill. We can also get financial help for job training, but there are tremendous obstacles:
Getting support for Mom requires regular visits to the state unemployment office. Job training is going to require Mom to get a driver's license and a car. Children need more child care for this.
It takes twelve volunteers and numerous state and county agencies to get mom into a situation where she can go to school and feed her children. She hasn't even got a job yet. Maybe this will be a success. It's up to Mom now to simultaneously work two or three jobs at minimum wage just to pay for the child care, but she will get her assistance back.
Of course, the critical thinking by our illustrious politicians in Washington DC was that the "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act" would force the family into being "responsible," and into taking care of themselves. On what kind of delusional bizarre planet do these politicians live? The law passed by Congress and signed by Clinton was a political act only and not meant to improve situations.
Imagine what kind of resources it would take get the Dad responsible? He's not going to do it himself. People who think this situation will remedy itself are the problem.

我们让妈妈同意必须离开爸爸。警察介入,爸爸离开了。下一个问题是,妈妈需要衣服,我们从当地教堂得到捐款,志愿者带她购物,而其他志愿者则看着孩子们,我们帮助孩子们上学。
当妈妈接受职业技能培训时,我们为家庭提供帮助。我们也可以在职业培训方面获得财政援助,但存在着巨大的障碍:
为母亲寻求支持需要定期前往州失业办公室。职业培训需要妈妈拿到驾照和一辆车。孩子们需要接受更多的儿童护理。
需要12名志愿者和众多的州和县机构,才能让母亲能够上学和养活她的孩子。她甚至还没有找到工作。也许这会成功。现在,妈妈可以同时做两三份最低工资的工作来支付托儿费用,但她会得到帮助的。
当然,华盛顿特区杰出政治家的批判性思维是,“个人责任和工作机会法案”将迫使家庭“负责任”,并照顾自己。这些政客生活在一个怎样的怪诞星球上?这项由国会通过并由克林顿签署的法律只是一项政治行为,并不是为了改善局势。
想象一下,让爸爸负起责任来需要什么样的资源?靠他自己是做不到的。那些认为这种情况会自愈的人才是问题所在。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Anshu Bharti
I am writing this answer based on the conversations with the young girls who stayed in my house to look after my child.
Poor people earn on a daily basis. Once they are back home in the evening, they spend their whole day earning on food and drinks.
If they earned a little extra someday, they will mostly use it for the next day and won't go to work.
Men in most families (BPL) drink a lot. They snatch their wife's money also who work as domestic help in several houses.
Poor people don't believe in savings. They barely have an account in the bank.
Also, they don't know how to make money with money. Since most of them are illiterate, they don't understand the investment. Hence, they are incapable to earn more through an investment.
Also, their belief system is different. They believe more family members will help to earn more. Hence, they generally have more children. But the consequences are opposite of their belief.
In India, the government too doesn't have proper plans, education and training for them. Here, everything is for the vote. Two times meals in the school are not going to bring change as the children go to school just to fill their stomach. Teachers in these schools are highly incompetent. They are also there to fill their stomach, not for the children's welfare.
Thank you for reading.
Stay Calm!

我是根据与那些留在我家照顾我孩子的年轻女孩的对话写下这个答案的。
穷人每天都在挣钱。一旦他们晚上回到家,他们一整天时间挣的钱都花在食物和饮料上。
如果有一天他们赚到额外的钱,在第二天,他们就不会去上班,而是去把钱花光。
大多数家庭中的男性(BPL)酗酒。他们还抢妻子在多户人家做家务赚的钱。
穷人不相信储蓄。他们几乎没有银行账户。
而且他们不知道如何用钱赚钱。因为他们大多数是文盲,他们不了解投资。因此,他们无法通过投资获得更多收入。
此外,他们的信仰体系也不同。他们相信更多的家庭成员将有助于挣更多的钱。因此,他们通常有更多的孩子。但结果与他们的信念相反。
在印度,政府也没有为他们提供适当的计划、教育和培训。在这里,一切都是为了投票。在学校里吃两顿饭不会带来改变,因为孩子们上学只是为了填饱肚子。这些学校的教师非常无能。他们在学校也是为了填饱肚子,而不是为了孩子们获得教育的福利去工作。
谢谢你的阅读。
保持冷静!

Samantha Kannan
Growing up in a more modest upbringing, the biggest factor that I can say is simply the cycle.
The only people I knew who went to college were my teachers and doctors.
Everyone I knew was struggling with the same things.
I didn't know anything else. I didn't realize that there was any other way people lived, because the only thing I saw in real life were people like me. Everything else existed in the movies.
When I got to be 16–17, my teachers didn't ask me if I was going to college. They asked which colleges I was applying to. And, to my surprise, I got admission to all five.
When things got stressful and I had to make tough decisions, I didn't have anyone to ask. No one I knew had been through these experiences. I had to figure it out on my own.
Breaking a cycle is hard and it takes an immeasurable amount of work to dig yourself out of the circumstances you are born into.

我成长在一个更朴素的环境中,我可以说最大的因素就是循环。
我认识的唯一上过大学的人是我的老师和医生。
我认识的每个人都在为同样的事情挣扎。
我什么都不知道。我没有意识到人们还有其他的生活方式,因为我在现实生活中唯一看到的就是像我这样的人。
当我16到17岁的时候,我的老师没有问我是否要上大学。他们问我申请的是哪所大学。令我惊讶的是,我被五所大学都录取了。
当事情变得紧张,我不得不做出艰难的决定时,我没有人可以问。我认识的人都没有经历过这些经历,我必须自己解决。
打破一个循环是很难的,它需要大量的工作才能把自己从你出生的环境中给拽出来。

Saurav Sharma
Past weekend I was out with my friends on a long weekend drive.
I was driving and meanwhile we all were having discussions on different topics.
One of them(Lets call him ‘A’) mentioned that his family is shifting to a new, bigger apartment as he was getting married to his girlfriend the next year.
The township which he was moving into was built by one of the reputed builders of the city.
One discussion lead to another and I mentioned how the developer/builder of that township was about to make a fortune.
I usually avoid talking about finances but my curious business mind just did a rough estimation of the amount of money the builder would make and I told my friends about that.
Here is how the conversation went:
Me: That project is just huge, the builder will at least make a profit 500 crores out of the project.
and there was a pin drop silence in the car for a few seconds.
I regretted making this mistake of speaking my mind and I knew what was about to happen next.

上个周末,我和朋友们开车出去度过了一个漫长的周末。
我在开车,同时我们都在讨论不同的话题。
其中一位(让我们称他为“A”)提到,第二年他将与女友结婚,他的家人将搬到一套更大的新公寓。
他搬进的那个居住区是由该市一位著名的建设者建造的。
一个讨论引来了另一个讨论,我提到了该居住区的开发商/建筑商将如何发财。
我通常避免谈论财务问题,但我好奇的商业头脑只是粗略估计了建筑商会赚多少钱,我告诉了我的朋友。
下面是对话的过程:
我:那个项目太大了,建筑商至少能从中获利50亿卢比。
车里一片寂静,持续了几秒钟。
我很后悔说出自己的想法,我知道接下来会发生什么。

My friend ‘A’ replied.
‘A’: Those people are thugs, the kind of money they use for such projects is black money and and is mostly earned by illegal means.
He went on blabbering about how it is impossible to make such huge sums of money unless you do something illegal or shady.
I nodded my head the entire time and decided not to argue and I suddenly brought up a new topic to stop this discussion.
This was not the first time I heard something against the wealthy people.
I’ve had plenty such experiences with many other people as well where wealthy people are heavily criticised.
This is why most people will never become rich.

我的朋友“A”回答。
“A”:这些人是暴徒,他们用于此类项目的资金是黑钱,而且大多是通过非法手段获得的。
他继续喋喋不休地说,除非你做一些违法或可疑的事情,否则不可能赚这么多钱。
我一直点着头,决定不与争论,我突然提出了一个新话题来阻止这场讨论。
这不是我第一次听到有人反对富人。
我和许多其他人有过很多这样的经历,在那时富人会受到了严厉的批评。
这就是为什么大多数人永远不会致富的原因。

If you believe someone cannot make X amount of money means that you are subconsciously signalling your mind that you cannot make X money.
You might say that people who make large sums of money do it via illegal means but that implies that you are telling yourselves that you cannot make a lot of money unless you commit a scam or a crime.
People who think this way not only harm themselves but they also harm others by spreading such misinformation.
Such people have kids and propagate the same mindset to their kids as well.
The kids when grow up pass it down to their friends and the endless cycle continues.
Belief my friends is the most powerful tool in the world.
If you believe in something, not matter good or bad, it will eventually come true for you in your life.
Hence it is very important to believe in the right things.

如果你相信某人赚不到X笔钱,这意味着你在潜意识中向你的大脑发出信号,你不能赚X笔钱。
你可能会说,赚大钱的人是通过非法手段赚的,但这意味着你在告诉自己,除非你去弄个骗局或犯罪,否则你无法赚大钱。
以这种方式思考的人不仅会伤害自己,也会通过传播此类错误信息来伤害他人。
这些人有孩子,也会把同样的心态传播给他们的孩子。
孩子们长大后会把它传给他们的朋友,这样的循环会持续下去。
朋友们,信念是世界上最强大的工具。
如果你相信某件事,不管是好是坏,它最终会在你的生活中实现。
因此,相信正确的事情是非常重要的。

When I learn about wealthy people or their progress, it excites me.
I sense a possibility that if a single person can do something great then so can everyone of us.
When I see a tall building, a flourishing business, or a huge commercial premises ,it gives me a sense of hope and inspiration. I become aware of the opportunities around me.
When I see someone doing better than me I feel happy, because it makes me aware of the human potential.
How belief logically works:
Lets assume you are working on a huge project which has a potential to change your entire life.
Currently you are completely unaware if the project will succeed or fail.
Now, for the first case lets assume that you fully believe that no matter how hard it is ,the project will be successful at the end if you stick to it.
This belief that you will succeed will inspire you to work even harder thereby achieving success.
On the other hand, lets consider that you are not entirely sure if the project would succeed.
Due to the partial surety, you will put in partial efforts, you will hold back from working hard on the project.
Why?
Because you are not sure if the project would succeed.
Finally you are bound to fail as you have not given your 100% and what you believed in just became true.
This is how belief plays a major role in determining if you are successful or unsuccessful, rich or poor.
Hope this helps.

当我了解到富人或他们的进步时,我很兴奋。
我感觉到一种可能性,如果某人可以做一些伟大的事情,那么我们每个人都可以。
当我看到一座高楼,一家生意兴隆的公司,或者一个巨大的商业场所时,它给了我希望和灵感。我意识到我周围的机会。
当我看到有人比我做得更好时,我会感到高兴,因为这让我意识到人类的潜力。
信念的逻辑运作过程:
让我们假设你正在做一个巨大的项目,它有可能改变你的整个生活。
目前,你完全不知道项目是成功还是失败。
现在,对于第一种情况,让我们假设你完全相信,无论多么困难,只要你坚持下去,项目最终都会成功。
这种相信你会成功的信念将激励你更加努力地工作,从而获得成功。
另一方面,让我们考虑一下,你并不完全确定项目是否会成功。
由于有部分担保,你将付出部分努力,这信念将阻止在项目上去努力工作。
为什么?
因为你不确定项目是否会成功。
最后,你注定会失败,因为你没有全力以赴,你所相信的一切都变成了现实。
这就是信仰在决定你是成功还是不成功,是富有还是贫穷时所起的主要作用。
希望这有帮助。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Anonymous
It’s absolutely horrible. I was 50, had recently sold my very successful car washes, had a $1MM in my checking account, the big house, kids in private school and life was grand. I was focused on growing my other business (car wash equipment sales) when the manufacturer we represented lost a client that accounted 1/3 of our business, Hurricane Katrina hit (followed by several other hurricanes), and then the great recession. I had stopped taking a salary and started loaning the company money. I was determined to work through this. I even spent my retirement in a last attempt to turn things around. Fast forward, the company was broke, I was broke, and I couldn't pay the house mortgage. I had to give up the house and shut down the business. A personal bankruptcy soon followed, and then a separation from my wife of 30 years. The stress was unbearable, and I contemplated suicide. The only thing that stopped me was that my dad had taken his life when I was 26, and I knew first hand the pain that my loved ones would bear for my actions.
The worst part is the loss of self confidence and depression, followed by the loss of “friends”. It’s amazing how quickly they disappear! I will say that two friends stuck by me. One in particular would check on me and take me out to ride his motorcycles to help take my mind off of things. I moved into a friend’s rental property and I started looking for work. I had owned my own companies since college, was a past Entrepreneur of the Year finalist, and had never really worked for anyone. At the worst, I was working at a construction company repairing equipment in their yard, collecting food stamps and living alone.

这真是太可怕了。我50岁了,最近卖掉了我非常成功的洗车店,在我的支票账户上有100万美元,房子很大,孩子们在私立学校上学,生活很美好。当我们代理的制造商失去了占我们业务1/3的客户时,我专注于发展我的其他业务(洗车设备销售),卡特里娜飓风来袭(随后又有几次其他飓风),然后是大萧条。我不再领薪水,开始借钱给公司。我下定决心要克服这一切。我甚至把退休的时间都用来做最后一次扭转局面的尝试。很快,公司破产了,我也破产了,还不起房贷。我不得不放弃房子,关闭公司。很快我的个人破产了,然后我和结婚30年的妻子分居了。压力太大了,我想过自杀。唯一阻止我的是,我父亲在我26岁的时候自杀了,我亲身感受到了我的亲人将为我的行为承受的痛苦。
最糟糕的是失去自信和抑郁,其次是失去“朋友”。它们消失得如此之快,真令人惊讶!我会说,有两个朋友跟在我身边,其中一个特别注意检查我的情况,带我出去骑他的摩托车,帮助我忘掉一切。我搬进了一个朋友的出租公寓,开始找工作。我从大学开始就拥有自己的公司,曾是年度企业家入围者,从未真正为任何人工作过。在最糟糕的情况下,我在一家建筑公司工作,在他们的院子里修理设备,领取食品券,独自生活。

Fast forward a couple of years. My wife and I got back together, we moved to Texas, and I took a job back in my industry (building car washes). We now rent a nice home, and were recently able to buy a nice used car. It gets better every day. I love my job, and I hope to get back into car wash ownership (with investors), while continuing to do what I do.
In summary, there are a couple of important lessons to take from this:
Good times don’t last; bad times don’t last.
Most of the people who claim to be your friend are only there for the good times.
Business associates that you’ve spent millions of dollars with over decades will instantly turn their back on you when the money stops.
Don’t ever stop taking care of yourself. Exercise is great for relieving the stress.
Face facts. Recognize when you have a losing hand and walk away. And if bankruptcy is inevitable, just do it. Don’t procrastinate and stick your head in the sand.
Do not EVER use your retirement money. I used mine to try and save the company, and I am now 60 years old and starting over.
Never stop believing in yourself.

时间快进了几年。我和妻子又在一起了,我们搬到了德克萨斯州,我回到了我的行业(建造洗车房)找到了一份工作。我们现在租了一套不错的房子,最近还买了一辆不错的二手车,一天比一天好。我热爱我的工作,我希望在继续做我所做的事情的同时,重新拥有汽车洗车店(与投资者)。
好时光不会长久;糟糕的时光不会持续。
大多数自称是你朋友的人都只是为了享受美好时光。
几十年来和你一起花了数百万美元的商业伙伴,一旦钱没了,他们就会立刻离开你。
永远不要停止照顾自己。锻炼有助于缓解压力。
面对事实。认清自己什么时候会输,然后转身离开。如果破产是不可避免的,那就破产。不要拖延,不要逃避现实。
永远不要使用你的退休金。我用我的钱试图挽救公司,现在我60岁了,要重新开始。
永远不要停止相信自己。

Claire Jordan
If you’re poor, everything costs more, because you don’t have enough capital to take advantage of bulk buys and special offers. You can’t afford driving lessons or a car, so you pay through the nose for public transport. You can’t afford training courses. You can’t afford good clothes that last, so you have to buy cheap ones which wear out and end up costing more. You can’t start a business because you have no money to invest. If something breaks, you can’t replace it. You can’t afford to buy a house, so you rent, which costs you more and goes on costing you more all your life.

如果你很穷,一切都会更贵,因为你没有足够的资金来利用大宗购买和享受特别优惠。你买不起驾驶课程或汽车,所以你要为公共交通付出高昂的代价。你负担不起培训课程。你买不起经久耐用的好衣服,所以你必须买便宜的衣服,这些衣服容易磨损,最终会花更多的钱。你不能创业,因为你没有钱投资。如果有东西坏了,你也无法更换它。你买不起房子,所以租房子,这会让你花更多的钱,最终你的一生会为此花更多钱。

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