欧洲极右翼人士称赞英国的非法移民法案
2023-03-17 jiangye111 4605
正文翻译
Europe’s far right praise UK’s illegal migration bill
-Alternative für Deutschland leaders were among those lauding Sunak’s bill, while other EU figures raised doubts about its legality

欧洲极右翼人士称赞英国的非法移民法案
——德国另类选择党领导人对苏纳克的法案表示赞赏,而其他欧盟人物则对其合法性表示怀疑


(An Alternative für Deutschland rally in July 2020. The anti-immigration party posted ‘Way to go!’ in response to the UK government’s bill on small boats.)

(2020年7月的一场德国另类选择党集会。该反移政民党打出标语“干得好!”回应英国政府关于小移民船只的法案。)
新闻:

European far-right leaders have praised Rishi Sunak’s illegal immigration bill, after a senior EU official repeated her doubts about the legality of the plans.

欧洲极右翼领导人赞扬了苏纳克的非法移民法案,此前一名欧盟高级官员重申了她对该计划合法性的怀疑。

“Bravo,” wrote the Alternative für Deutschland party on social media. “Way to go! The current [British] government plans now to deny asylum to illegal immigrants and fly them out to Rwanda,” the party wrote on Facebook, saying Germany should follow this approach. “When will we finally have it?”

“太棒了,”另类选择党在社交媒体上写道。“干得好!”现任(英国)政府现在计划拒绝为非法移民提供庇护,而是让他们飞到卢旺达,”该党在Facebook上写道,并表示德国也应该采取这种做法。“我们什么时候才能最终也拥有它?”
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Éric Zemmour, the French far-right commentator, who came fourth in the race to succeed President Emmanuel Macron last year, also praised Sunak’s new policy. “The message is clear,” he wrote on Twitter. “Congratulations to the British prime minister who, unlike Macron’s government, has chosen to protect his people against submersion by migrants,” said Zemmour, a proponent of the “great replacement theory” that Muslim immigrants are replacing native Europeans.

埃里克·泽穆尔,法国极右翼评论员,去年在胜选总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙的竞选中排名第四,也赞扬了苏纳克的新政策。“信息很明确,”他在推特上写道。泽穆尔说:“祝贺英国首相,他不像马克龙政府,选择保护他的人民不被移民淹没。”泽穆尔是“大替代理论”的支持者,该理论认为穆斯林移民正在取代欧洲本地人。

Italian far-right leader Matteo Salvini retweeted a tweet by Sunak that had been translated into Italian and set out the government’s messaging on the bill, including the line, “if you arrive illegally in the UK, you can’t claim asylum”. Salvini, who is Italy’s deputy prime minister and heads the far-right League party, described the policy as “harsh, but fair”.

意大利极右翼领导人马泰奥·萨尔维尼转发了苏纳克的一条推特,该推特已被翻译成意大利语,并列出了政府对该法案的信息,其中包括“如果你非法抵达英国,你不能申请庇护”。萨尔维尼是意大利副总理,也是极右翼联盟党领导人,他称这项政策“严厉但公平”。

The EU migration commissioner Ylva Johansson, however, said she had told Suella Braverman that her plan violates international law, after the home secretary called her to explain the bill. “Of course, I hope that it will respect the international agreements and the Geneva convention, but I must say that my first impression was that I’m afraid that there might be violations here,” Johansson told reporters on Thursday, promising further study of the draft legislation.

然而,欧盟移民专员伊尔娃·约翰逊表示,在内政大臣打电话给她解释该法案后,她已经告诉苏拉·布雷弗曼,她的计划违反了国际法。“当然,我希望它能尊重国际协议和日内瓦公约,但我必须说,我的第一印象是,我担心这里面可能存在违规行为,”约翰逊周四告诉记者,并承诺将进一步研究立法草案。
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“You have to have some kind of individual assessment of people coming before you just put them into detention,” the Swedish commissioner had previously told Politico.

这位瑞典专员此前曾告诉政客新闻网说:“在你拘留这些人之前,你必须对他们进行某种个人情况评估。”

Under the government’s plans, adults arriving in the UK on small boats or in the back of a lorry would be denied the right to claim asylum, even if they had come from a war zone or faced persecution in countries well known for human rights abuses.

根据政府的计划,乘坐小船或卡车后部抵达英国的成年人将被剥夺申请庇护的权利,即使他们来自战区或在以侵犯人权著称的国家遭受迫害。

Instead people would be sent back to “a country or territory to which there is reason to believe [they would] be admitted”, the country that they had embarked from to the UK, their country of origin or another country where they held a passport, according to the draft bill.

相反,根据草案,人们将被送回“一个有理由相信(他们)会被允许进入的国家或地区”,即他们前往英国的出发国家、他们的原籍国或另一个他们持有相应护照的国家。

Big questions remain over which countries would take in tens of thousands of people denied asylum in the UK – last year 45,755 men, women and children crossed the Channel in small boats. While the government has suggested the majority would be sent to Rwanda after an agreement with Kigali, that arrangement is being challenged in the courts. Even if it does succeed, it is expected that only about 200 people would be transferred.

至于哪些国家会接纳在英国被拒绝庇护的数万人,仍是一个大问题。去年,有45755名男女老少乘坐小船横渡英吉利海峡。虽然政府表示,在与基加利达成协议后,大部分人将被送往卢旺达,但这一安排在法庭上受到了挑战。即使成功,预计也只有大约200人会被转移。
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The UK lost the right to return migrants to the EU after Brexit, although in practice relatively few people left the UK on such routes. Under the EU system, British authorities were also obliged to consider taking in asylum seekers with family ties in the UK.

英国在脱欧后失去了将移民送回欧盟的权利,尽管实际上只有相对较少的人通过这种途径离开英国。根据欧盟体系,英国政府也有义务考虑接纳在英国有亲属关系的寻求庇护者。

Speaking on Thursday, France’s interior minister Gérald Darmanin said the government’s illegal immigration bill “obviously must not have negative consequences on the bilateral relationship” between France and Britain. His comments came on the eve of a long-awaited Franco-British summit on Friday that Paris hopes will turn the page on disastrously bad relations under Boris Johnson and Liz Truss.

法国内政部长杰拉尔德·达尔马宁周四表示,政府的非法移民法案“显然不能对英法双边关系产生负面影响”。他是在周五期待已久的法英峰会前夕发表这番言论的。巴黎方面希望,在鲍里斯·约翰逊和利兹·特拉斯领导下的英法两国糟糕透顶的关系将翻过这一页。

Attending a meeting with his EU counterparts in Brussels, Darmanin said any agreement on asylum seekers with the UK would have to be via the EU, rather than a bilateral deal with France. “It is not a bilateral treaty, it is not a treaty between France and Great Britain, since France in this precise case is the route for [migrants coming through] the whole European unx to go to England. And so we all have to work collectively, the European Commission, Great Britain and of course [EU] member states for an agreement between the European unx and Great Britain on the question of legal routes to Great Britain and then on the question of returns as well.”

达尔马宁在布鲁塞尔与欧盟同行举行会议,他表示,与英国就寻求庇护者达成的任何协议都必须通过欧盟,而不是与法国达成双边协议。“这不是一个双边条约,也不是法国和英国之间的条约,因为法国是整个欧盟移民前往英国的必经之路。因此,我们必须共同努力,欧盟委员会,英国,当然还有欧盟成员国,让欧盟和英国就前往英国的合法路线问题达成协议,然后再就遣返的问题达成协议。”

Sweden’s interior minister, Maria Malmer Stenergard, suggested a returns agreement with the UK was not on the EU’s agenda. She said she could not comment on the specifics of the British proposal, adding: “Generally, I expect that countries will have legislation that is in accordance with international law and the right to seek asylum … the question regarding readmission agreements will also have to be dealt with later.”

瑞典内政部长玛丽亚·马尔默·斯塔杰加德表示,与英国的遣返协议不在欧盟的议程上。她说,她无法评论英国提议的具体内容,并补充说:“一般来说,我预计各国将有符合国际法的立法,以及寻求庇护的权利……关于重新接纳协议的问题也将不得不在之后处理。”

评论翻译
floydlangford
When you say you're not racist but other racists think you are then you're probably racist. Hmm.

当你说你不是种族主义者,但其他种族主义者认为你是,那么你可能就是种族主义者。嗯。

DigitalPoet
This is definitely up there with the most stupid things people regularly say.
Don't think adultery is a good thing? You might be an Islamic extremist then.

这绝对是人们经常说的最愚蠢的话之一。
你觉得通奸不是一件好事吗?那你可能就是个伊斯兰极端分子。

floydlangford
I don't think it is about the issue per se but more about the solution put forward. I mean, I don't think adultery is a good thing but I wouldn't resort to stoning people to death over it. Just as I get that there is a concern over illegal immigration but that the solution isn't sending them to Rwanda.
Obviously I get what you're trying to do here. It's a strawman and the typical deflection tactic used to avert the conversion from focusing upon the real issue.
The fact that far-right nationalists in Italy are cheering our government on in its anti-humanitarian policies should be of grave concern. The fact that it isn't to some would suggest that there is a rising trend towards dogmatic nationalism here too.

我认为问题不在于问题本身,而在于提出的解决方案。我的意思是,我不认为通奸是一件好事,但我不会因此而用石头砸死人。就像我知道人们担心非法移民,但解决办法不是把他们送到卢旺达。
显然我知道你想干什么。这是一个稻草人,是一种典型的转移策略,用来避免把注意力转向真正的问题上。
意大利极右翼民族主义者为我们政府的反人道主义政策欢呼,这一事实应该引起严重关切。事实是,对一些人来说,这表明这里也有一种教条主义民族主义的上升趋势。

DigitalPoet_
Yeah, it's really the straw man nature of the argument that bugs me. It's more or less the same train of thought that allowed people to describe Corbyn as anti-semite. Legitimate criticism of Isreal & "fuck those Jews"... same diff. It's just very tedious.
"Racist people wanted Brexit, so everybody who wanted Brexit is racist". It's just lazy thought.
None of this is to say anything about whether the policies being proposed are good, bad, whatever, but whether or not the far-right (or indeed, the far-left), want them or don't want them is irrelevant. For any choice that is A vs B, you agree with one extremist group or the other.

是啊,这个论点的稻草人性质真的让我很恼火。这或多或少与让人们把科尔宾描述为反犹分子是同一个套路。对以色列的合法批评和“X那些犹太人”…是一样的。真是太无聊了。
“种族主义者想要脱欧,所以每个想要脱欧的人都是种族主义者。”这就是懒人的思维模式。
这一切并不是要说明所提出的政策是好是坏,不管怎样,但极右翼(或者实际上是极左翼)想不想要这些政策是无关紧要的。对于A VS B的任何选择,你选来选去都是极端组织。

Guapa1979
Quite appropriate to describe it as an "illegal" migration bill, as that is exactly what the courts will decide it is.

将其描述为“非法”移民法案是非常恰当的,因为这正是法院将做出的裁决。

ConcertSuspicious117
So is entering a country by boat not illegal then?

那么坐船进入一个国家就不违法吗?
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Alarmed_Frosting478
I mean even the Tories promoting this bill are effectively saying they're fine with people doing it if they are coming straight from a war-torn country
Which is stupid because they're trying to tout our efforts with Ukraine as heroic, but their own logic would mean we couldn't accept any refugees from Ukraine as they would have to pass several safe countries to get here

我的意思是,即使是推动这项法案的保守党人实际上也在说,如果他们直接来自一个饱受战争蹂躏的国家,他们对人们这样做(遣送卢旺达)也没有意见
这很愚蠢,因为他们试图把我们在乌克兰的努力吹捧为英雄之举,但他们自己的逻辑意味着我们不能接受任何来自乌克兰的难民,理由是“他们必须经过几个安全的国家才能到达这里”

Antikas-KariosCounty of Bristol
To be fair to the Tories they weren't inconsistent on that.
At the outbreak of the war (During the phase where everyone thought Russia would win in conventional warfare, sweep through Ukraine, take vast swathes of territory and then ultimately be bled dry by local insurgency and fail to hold it long term) when everyone was opening their doors wide to Ukrainian Refugees the UK stood as an outlier in being very comparitively unwelcoming to Ukrainian Refugees, initially only making pathways for those who already had family living in the UK. Then walking back a little from public pressure with the host homes scheme, which itself was also very watered down and unwelcoming comparitively with other nations.
They were never particularly accomodating to Ukrainian Immigrants, the UK has been standout in Military Assistance, but made it clear that while it is happy with Tanks to Ukraine it is not happy with Refugees to the UK and prioritised to avoid them

公平地说,保守党在这一点上并不矛盾。
在战争爆发时(在每个人都认为俄罗斯会在常规战争中获胜,横扫乌克兰,占领大片领土,然后最终被当地反抗获得造成流血,无法长期坚持的阶段),当每个人都向乌克兰难民敞开大门时,英国站在一个奇葩立场——相对来说不欢迎乌克兰难民,最初只为那些已经有家人生活在英国的人开辟道路。然后从公众对寄宿家庭计划的压力中回归了一点点,与其他国家相比,这个计划本身也被淡化了,不受欢迎。
他们从来没有特别适应乌克兰移民,英国在军事援助方面表现突出,但明确表示,虽然它对往乌克兰送坦克感到很开心,但对进入英国的乌克兰难民很不爽,并重点避开他们

apple_kicks
What routes do refugees have?
They have to enter the county to claim asylum.
Fleeing war of years in refugee camps they either get rejected for visa or don’t have much funds to keep trying
They are overseas in camps and don’t have access to regular legal representation to help their case in the country they’re claiming into. Rejections are high
Borders and official routes block them with refusals or 5-10 year waiting lists for appeals for a chance.
Best access they have that’s fast to reaching uk to apply (but carries huge risk of death and slavery) is taking the boat and applying once arrived and meeting with lawyers.
Even when they reach Uk alive, not enslaved, there’s high chance they’ll be rejected or put into detention centres or left homeless. Lucky ones have families to house them.
Some refugees may choose England because it’s easier to integrate and English might be a language they have better understanding of. While also having distant relatives here

难民有哪些路线?
他们必须进入这个国家申请庇护。
他们在难民营中逃离多年的战争,要么被拒签,要么没有足够的资金继续维持
他们在海外的营地里,无法在他们申请的国家获得正规的法律代表来帮助他们的境况。拒签率很高
边境和官方路线用拒绝或5-10年的等待来阻止他们申请。
他们最快到达英国申请的最佳途径(但有巨大的死亡和奴役风险)是乘船偷渡,一到英国就申请,并与律师会面。
即使他们活着到达英国,而不是被奴役,他们也很有可能会被拒绝,或被关进拘留中心,或无家可归。幸运的人有家人收留他们。
一些难民可能会选择英国,因为那里更容易融入社会,而且英语可能是他们更能理解的语言。同时在这里也有远房亲戚

ClbullEngland
The only way we're going to stop waves of economic migrants is by making the Middle East and Africa better places to live.
What we need to do is pump shitloads of foreign investment into the developing world and turn it into a utopia.

我们阻止经济移民潮的唯一方法就是让中东和非洲成为更好的居住地。
我们需要做的是向发展中国家注入大量的外国投资,把它变成一个乌托邦。

SomethingAlex1
I come from the developing world.
We tried that. We tried putting shit tons of money into local communities, local infrastructure, etc...
The place is so corrupt and people are stealing everything rather than trying to build something better for their children.
Why would you put shit tons of your own countries money into a corrupt country when your own country has poverty and its own issues.

我来自发展中国家。
我们试过了。我们试着把大量的钱投入到当地社区、当地基础设施等等……
这个地方太腐败了,人们什么都偷,而不是努力为他们的孩子建设更好的东西。
为什么你要把自己国家的大量资金投入到一个腐败的国家,在你自己的国家也有贫穷和自己的问题的时候呢。

in-jux-hur-ylem
The only way we're going to stop waves of economic migrants is by making the Middle East and Africa better places to live.
This is happening, but it will take generations to get these nations anywhere near even the level of Poland, which is known to have many people migrating to richer nations.
Syria has a GDP which is a mere fraction of Poland and Poland's is nowhere near ours.
How many decades to get Syria to the level of Poland?
It'll be 50+ years even if they cooperated and had a peaceful and sensible leadership structure, which they don't.
What Syrian who can migrate to a better nation wants to wait around for that?
I don't blame them for wanting to leave, but we have to have some rules somewhere that protect our way of life or we're going to simultaneously fail to bring places like Syria up and bring ourselves down.

“我们阻止经济移民潮的唯一方法就是让中东和非洲成为更好的居住地”
这正在发生,但要让这些国家接近波兰的水平还需要几代人的时间,众所周知,连波兰都有许多人移民到更富裕的国家。
叙利亚的GDP只是波兰的一小部分,而波兰的GDP远不及我们。
叙利亚要花多少年才能达到波兰的水平?
即使他们合作,有一个和平而明智的领导结构,也要50多年,而他们没有。
有能力移民到更好的国家的叙利亚人愿意等待吗?
我不怪他们想要离开,但我们必须在某个地方制定一些规则来保护我们的生活方式,否则我们将既无法让叙利亚这样的地方崛起,也让我们自己崩溃。

LL112
Why is it so seductive to politicians to do these right wing moronic policies? It only goes one way, as Trump showed, in that you have keep getting more extreme and appealing to a smaller and smaller contingent of voters

为什么政客们这么喜欢做这些右翼愚蠢的政策?正如特朗普所显示的那样,这只会朝着一个方向发展,因为你会变得越来越极端,吸引越来越少的选民

ICantSpeelForShit
Because they have nothing else. 13 years and what else do they have to shout about? Austerity while hugely raising debt, crumbling services and investment, constant failed social programmes. NHS in the gutter, everyone on strike, inflation.
This government has had 13 years in power and I cannot think of one way in which they have helped make lives better. They have no successes so are simply running on a platform of hate.

因为他们一无所有。13年了,他们还有什么好喊的?在紧缩的同时,债务大幅增加,服务和投资崩溃,社会项目不断失败。国民健康保险制度一团糟,所有人都在罢工,通货膨胀。
这届政府执政已经13年了,我想不出他们在哪些方面帮助改善了生活。他们没有成功,所以就基于仇恨情绪搞动作了。

dwairKernow
Right wing moronic policies appeal to moronic right wing racists and xenophobes. Politicians will pander to these people in order to get elected because there are a hell of a lot of them in the UK.
I would argue that this contingent of people no longer the minority and is growing in number so we will get more and more racist and xenophobic populist policies put forward by them as time goes on.
I doubt they will be as obviously extreme as Trump/Farage's ideas but all you have to do is look back over the last decade to see the trend.

右翼愚蠢的政策吸引了愚蠢的右翼种族主义者和仇外者。政客们会为了当选而迎合这些人,因为英国有很多这样的人。
我认为,这群人不再是少数,而且人数还在增加,所以随着时间的推移,他们会提出越来越多的种族主义和仇外的民粹主义政策。
我怀疑他们会像特朗普/法拉奇的想法一样明显极端,但你只需要回顾过去十年就能看到这个趋势。

PaniniPressStan
I think the number of hardcore right wing people is continually growing unfortunately.

不幸的是,我认为铁杆右翼分子的数量在不断增长。

SomethingAlex1
It's a natural cycle of society.
I would disagree that it's growing massively to be fair. The majority of youth in this country are by far more left wing than other generations right now.
The distaste for illegal immigrants is more fuelled by cost of living crisis, job worries etc rather than pure hardcore right wing hatred for foreigners.
That's just my opinion though and I could be wrong but again speculating.

这是社会的自然循环。
公平地说,我不赞同说它正在大规模增长。到目前为止,这个国家的大多数年轻人都比其他几代人更加左翼。
对非法移民的厌恶更多是由生活成本危机、就业担忧等因素推动的,而不是纯粹的右翼对外国人的仇恨。
这只是我的观点,我可能是错的,但再次强调这是推测。

ThePogsWord
It's almost as if abuse of the asylum system is unpopular not just in the UK but the whole continent.
Honestly people who don't support this plan need to come up with a politically palatable solution or they will keep ceding "to the far right".
So far I have heard "opening up foreign applications" as an option but unless that is combined with a lowering of total numbers it isn't going to be particularly popular.

滥用庇护制度似乎不仅在英国不受欢迎,在整个欧洲大陆也不受欢迎。
老实说,那些不支持这项计划的人需要拿出一个政治上可行的解决方案,否则他们将继续向“极右翼”让步。
到目前为止,我听说“开放外国申请”是一种选择,但除非这与降低总数相结合,否则它不会特别受欢迎。

SwishSwosh42
So I think the issue is that the U.K. as a relatively safe & stabile country should accept a certain volume of asylum seekers.
If you factor in the UK’s past it often has deep historical lixs to the applicants country. If not even more recent.
Things can be done sensibly but this government is determined to make this worse & have it as a talking point throughout the election cycle.

所以我认为问题是英国作为一个相对安全稳定的国家应该接受一定数量的寻求庇护者。
如果你考虑到英国的过去,会发现它通常与申请人的国家有深厚的历史渊源。如果不是更近的时间的话。
事情可以明智地处理,但本届政府决心让情况变得更糟,并将其作为整个选举周期的话题。

Grantmitch1Liberal
If you factor in the UK’s past it often has deep historical lixs to the applicants country. If not even more recent.
The UK government seems to believe that the largest group come from Albania (Home Office figures). What is the deep historical lix that the UK has had with Albania? From what I can tell, there isn't one. What there is, however, is a significant Albanian presence in organised crime (according to the National Crime Agency). Albanians are largest single foreign national group in British prisons (around 10%).
The UK needs to establish safe and legal pathways for refugees but we also need mechanisms to screen out these criminal elements, while at the same time ensuring refugees from countries like Afghanistan (which are the second largest group represented) are dealt with appropriately and safely.

“如果你考虑到英国的过去,会发现它通常与申请人的国家有深厚的历史渊源。如果不是更近的时间的话”
英国政府似乎认为最大的移民群体来自阿尔巴尼亚(内政部数据)。英国和阿尔巴尼亚之间有什么深厚的历史渊源?据我所知,根本就没有。然而,根据国家犯罪局的数据,阿尔巴尼亚人在有组织犯罪中占有重要地位。阿尔巴尼亚人是英国监狱中最大的外国群体(约占10%)。
英国需要为难民建立安全合法的途径,但我们也需要一些机制来筛选这些犯罪分子,同时确保来自阿富汗等国家的难民(这是第二大有代表的群体)得到合理和安全的处置。

freexe
How exactly does that stop the Albanians in boats?

这(个政策)怎么能阻止阿尔巴尼亚人坐船偷渡呢?

IHaveAWittyUsernameAll Bark, No Bite
So what's happened is that Albanian gangs and human traffickers have realised that it takes, on average, several years to process an asylum claim. Even one that is blatantly false. So the majority of Albanian's coming over here are economic migrants but claim asylum. They send money home while working illegally and then leave before their claim is fully processed. It's something like 94% of Albanian refugees that do this, it's ridiculous.
So by processing claims faster you also prevent people from abusing the collapse of the system. If you're processing claims in weeks, not years, it's far easier to deport people and the cost to the gangs and the illegal economic migrants is such that it's not worth doing.
This is why having a functional asylum system is so important.

现在的情况是,阿尔巴尼亚黑帮和人贩子已经意识到,处理庇护申请平均需要几年时间。即使是明目张胆的谎言。所以大多数来到这里的阿尔巴尼亚人是经济移民,但他们要求庇护。他们非法工作,寄钱回家,然后在他们的申请得到完全处理之前离开。94%的阿尔巴尼亚难民都这样做,这很荒谬。
因此,通过更快地处理申请,你也可以防止人们滥用系统的崩溃。如果你要在几周内处理申请,而不是几年,那么驱逐人们就容易得多,使黑帮和非法经济移民的成本不值得他们这么做。
这就是为什么有一个有效的庇护制度是如此重要。

THE-TRUTH-444444444
Not enough housing and services in the UK for economic migrants.
Move along please.

英国没有足够的住房和服务提供给经济移民。
请继续往前转移。

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