唐纳德·特朗普的斯托米·丹尼尔斯案:以下是你需要知道的
2023-03-26 1203960296 7434
正文翻译

Washington, DC – The Manhattan district attorney in New York appears poised to take an unprecedented step in United States history: charging a former president with a crime.

华盛顿特区 - 纽约曼哈顿地区检察官似乎正在采取美国历史上前所未有的一步:对一位前总统提起刑事诉讼。

The potential looming indictment of Donald Trump has dominated US headlines for days as the former president, who is running for the White House again in 2024, and his Republican allies accuse prosecutors of politicising the justice system.

唐纳德·特朗普可能面临的指控已经主导了美国的头条新闻数日,这位正在竞选2024年的总统候选人及其共和党盟友指责检察官将司法体系政治化。

While the details of possible charges remain unclear, it has been widely reported that the case revolves around a hush money payment Trump’s former fixer and personal lawyer Michael Cohen paid to porn star Stormy Daniels ahead of the 2016 elections.
Trump fuelled speculation about the case when he said last week that he will be arrested and urged his supporters to protest.
Al Jazeera looks at the facts of the case and what could happen if Trump is indeed charged.

虽然可能的指控细节仍不清楚,但据广泛报道,此案围绕着特朗普的前经纪人兼私人律师迈克尔·科恩在2016年大选前向色情明星斯托米·丹尼尔斯支付的一笔封口费。
特朗普上周表示,他将被逮捕,并敦促他的支持者抗议,这加剧了人们对此案的猜测。
半岛电视台关注的是案件的事实,以及如果特朗普真的被起诉可能会发生什么。

What are the charges about?
The impetus for the case dates back to 2016, when Cohen paid Daniels $130,000 just before the US presidential election to keep quiet about an alleged affair she had with Trump.

指控是关于什么的? 案子的起因可以追溯到2016年,当时科恩支付给丹尼尔斯13万美元,以使其在美国总统选举前保持沉默,不谈她与特朗普的一段传闻中的恋情。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Cohen has said he acted at Trump’s request and that the former president reimbursed him for the money given to Daniels, whose real name is Stephanie Clifford.

科恩表示,他是应特朗普的请求行动的,并且前总统为给丹尼尔斯的钱做了报销,丹尼尔斯的真实姓名是斯蒂芬妮·克利福德。

The story became public in 2018. In subsequent interviews, Daniels said she had a sexual encounter with Trump at a celebrity golf tournament in 2006.

这个故事在2018年曝光。在随后的采访中,丹尼尔斯说她在2006年的一次名人高尔夫比赛中与特朗普发生了性关系。

Several US media outlets have reported that Trump will likely be charged with falsifying business records for trying to improperly conceal the payment as legal expenses.

几家美国媒体已经报道称,特朗普很可能会因为试图将这笔款项作为合法开支而伪造业务记录而被指控。

The charge, normally a misdemeanour, could be upgraded to a felony if prosecutors lix the payment to violations of election law, which cap donations to political candidates at $2,700 per individual and require them to be made public. The payment to Daniels, right before the 2016 vote, could be considered an illegal campaign contribution.

这项指控通常是一项轻罪,如果检察官将这笔款项与违反选举法的行为联系起来,该指控可能会升级为重罪。选举法规定,个人对政治候选人的捐赠上限为2,700美元,并要求公开透明。丹尼尔斯在2016年选举前收到的款项可能被视为非法的竞选捐款。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Cheryl Bader, clinical associate professor of law at Fordham University in New York, said “piggybacking” one alleged offence onto another may prove challenging for prosecutors.

​纽约福特汉姆大学法学临床副教授谢丽尔·巴德表示,将一项指控转嫁到另一项指控上可能会对检察官构成挑战。

“The speculation is that the underlying crimes are going to be connected with campaign finance or promoting a candidate in an unlawful manner,” Bader told Al Jazeera.

贝德在接受半岛电视台采访时表示:“有猜测认为,潜在的犯罪行为可能与竞选资金或以非法方式提拔候选人有关。”

Another issue for the DA is the fact that the US Justice Department decided not to prosecute the case, Bader added.

巴德补充说,检察官面临的另一个问题是,美国司法部决定不起诉此案。

“There could be a path to convictions; I think all the legal stars will need to align,” she said.
What has Trump said?

她说:“可能会有定罪的路径;我认为所有的法律要素都需要获得共识。” 特朗普说了什么?

Trump has insisted that he did nothing wrong and has accused Alvin Bragg, the elected Democratic prosecutor overseeing the case, of “misconduct” and interfering in the 2024 elections.

特朗普坚称自己没有做错任何事,并指责负责此案的民选民主党检察官阿尔文·布拉格行为不端,干预了2024年的选举。

Trump has also questioned the credibility of Cohen, who was sentenced to three years in prison in 2018 for his role in the Daniels payment as well as for lying to Congress. Trump has often dismissed Cohen as a convicted liar and “jailbird”.

特朗普还质疑科恩的可信度,科恩因在丹尼尔斯付款中的角色以及向国会撒谎,于2018年被判入狱三年。特朗普经常将科恩斥为被判有罪的骗子和“囚犯”。

In 2018, Trump denied the affair with Daniels but said the payment to the adult film actress “was used to stop the false and extortionist accusations made by her”.

2018年,特朗普否认了与丹尼尔斯的婚外情,但表示向这位成人电影女演员付款“是为了阻止她提出的虚假和敲诈指控”。

He still maintains that the payment was unrelated to his 2016 campaign for president.

他仍然坚称这笔钱与他2016年的总统竞选无关。

Why now?
It is not clear whether new evidence has been discovered. But as things stand, the case revolves around a possible offence committed seven years ago, relating to an alleged extramarital affair from 2006. That stretched timeline has led some legal experts to describe it as a “zombie” case.

为什么现在才提起诉讼? 目前尚不清楚是否发现了新证据。但就目前情况而言,这个案件围绕可能在七年前犯下的一项罪行展开,与2006年的一段涉嫌婚外情有关。这个时间跨度很长,导致一些法律专家将其描述为一个“僵尸”案件。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Bragg came into office in January of last year. Early into his term as district attorney, two prosecutors involved in investigating Trump resigned, with one claiming that the probe was “suspended indefinitely”.

布拉格于去年1月就职。在他担任地区检察官的早期,两名参与调查特朗普的检察官辞职,其中一人声称调查“无限期暂停”。

Bragg has not discussed details of the investigation, citing its ongoing status, but as prosecutor, the decision to pursue this particular charge is his.

布拉格没有讨论调查的细节,称其正在进行中,但作为检察官,追究这一特定指控的决定是他的。

“The prosecutor has a lot of discretion in the case, as to whether to present the evidence to the grand jury, whether to ask them for an indictment and whether to move forward or dismiss the case,” Bader said.

巴德说:“检察官在此案中有很大的自由裁量权,包括是否向大陪审团呈交证据、是否要求起诉并是否继续或撤销此案。”

Jeffrey Chabrowe, a criminal defence lawyer in New York, said the case is “kind of minor”.

纽约刑事辩护律师杰弗里·查布罗表示,这个案子“有点小”。

“It’s a small, narrow case. It’s not a huge, big undertaking,” he explained. “Why has no one else done it? I don’t know.”

“这是一个小案子。不是一个巨大的事业,”他解释道。“为什么没有其他人做过?我不知道。”

What is a grand jury?
While Bragg is the one pursuing the charges, prosecutors do not indict people; grand juries or judges do.

什么是大陪审团?
虽然布拉格是追查指控的人,但检察官不起诉人;大陪审团或法官会。

An indictment would mean a grand jury has found that criminal charges are warranted in a particular case.

起诉书将意味着大陪审团发现在特定案件中有必要提出刑事指控。

A grand jury is a group of randomly sexted citizens who are presented with evidence to assess whether an alleged offence merits prosecution. The jurors convene in secret proceedings without a judge present.

大陪审团是一群随机挑选的公民,他们被出示证据,以评估被指控的罪行是否值得起诉。陪审员在没有法官在场的情况下秘密开庭。

In New York, as many as 23 people sit on a grand jury. To bring formal charges, a majority must vote in favour of an indictment.
With subpoena power, the grand jury also serves as an investigative body. The panel can compel parties to produce documents and testimonies relating to a probe.

在纽约,大陪审团的成员多达23人。要提出正式指控,必须有多数人投票赞成起诉。大陪审团拥有传票权力,也是一个调查机构。该小组可以迫使各方出示与调查有关的文件和证词。

Unlike a trial jury, the grand jury does not determine whether a suspect is guilty or not. Rather, it decides whether there is probable cause to criminally charge a defendant.

与审判陪审团不同,大陪审团不决定嫌疑人是否有罪。相反,它决定是否有可能对被告提出刑事指控。

“Indictment is the way a felony moves forward,” Chabrowe said.

“起诉是重罪向前发展的方式,”查布罗说。

Defendants can testify in front of the grand jury, but their testimony may also be used against them in a trial in the case of an indictment.

被告可以在大陪审团面前作证,但他们的证词也可能在起诉书案件的审判中被用来指控他们。

“There’s no defence attorney present. It’s a secret proceeding. And that’s why we don’t really know exactly what’s happening right now within the grand jury — because nobody could be there but the prosecutor,” said Fordham’s Bader.

“没有辩护律师在场。这是秘密程序。这就是为什么我们真的不知道现在大陪审团内部到底发生了什么,因为除了检察官,没有人可能在那里。”

What happens next if Trump is indicted?
If Trump is indicted, Bader explained that the next step would be for him to be processed into the criminal justice system and arraigned — in other words, presented with formal charges in court.

如果特朗普被起诉,接下来会发生什么? 巴德解释说,如果特朗普被起诉,下一步将是他被刑事司法系统处理和传讯——换句话说,在法庭上提出正式指控。

Given that it is a highly-publicised “white-collar” case, Trump would likely be released on his own recognisance without bail, meaning he would simply promise to return to court when necessary.

考虑到这是一个高度宣传的“白领”案件,特朗普可能会在自己的担保下被释放,无需保释,这意味着他只会承诺在必要时返回法庭。

Bader said that, after arraignment, the next stage is “pre-trial litigation”, where the parties file motions to the judge, including to determine what evidence is permissible in court. The pre-trial period also includes a “discovery process” in which the prosecutor shares findings with the defence.

巴德说,提审后,下一个阶段是“审前诉讼”,当事人向法官提出动议,包括确定法庭上允许哪些证据。预审阶段还包括一个“发现过程”,在这个过程中,检察官与被告分享调查结果。

Then the trial happens, with the prosecutors and defence lawyers presenting evidence to convince the jury — a randomly sexted group of people from the community — of the defendant’s guilt or innocence.

然后审判开始,检察官和辩护律师出示证据,说服陪审团——从社区中随机选择一组人——被告有罪或无罪。

“The judge tells the jury the law, and then the jury deliberates and would come with a verdict. If there is a guilty verdict, then the judge will sentence a defendant,” Bader said.

“法官告诉陪审团法律,然后陪审团商议并做出裁决。如果有一个有罪的判决,那么法官将判决被告,”巴德说。


Will Trump be arrested?
Trump being handcuffed and guided into the back of a police car is a tantalising image for many of his critics — so much so that social media websites are being flooded by artificial intelligence-generated photos fictionalising his arrest.

特朗普会被逮捕吗?
对于许多批评特朗普的人来说,特朗普被戴上手铐并被引导到警车后座是一个诱人的画面-以至于社交媒体网站上充斥着人工智能生成的虚构他被捕的照片。

But Bader said it is unlikely the former president would be treated like an average suspect.

但巴德表示,这位前总统不太可能被当作普通嫌疑人对待。

“In our country, ‘white collar’ defendants are often treated in a more dignified manner. This is one way in which our system is a racist system,” she told Al Jazeera.

“在我们国家,‘白领’被告往往受到更有尊严的对待。这是我们的制度是种族主义制度的一种方式,“她告诉半岛电视台。

“I think because of who the defendant is in this case, he will be treated with extreme kid gloves,” Bader added. “I wouldn’t be surprised if we saw that he comes in the back of the courthouse, escorted by his Secret Service team and whatever entourage he’s with and that he is given a very quiet and dignified processing.”

巴德补充说:“我认为,由于本案中被告的身份,他将受到极其温和的对待。”。“如果我们看到他在他的特勤小组和任何随行人员的陪同下出现在法院的后面,并且他受到非常安静和有尊严的处理,我不会感到惊讶。”

Both Bader and Chabrowe said that even if Trump is convicted, it would be unlikely that he would be sentenced to jail time given the nature of the offence.

巴德和查布罗都表示,鉴于罪行的性质,即使特朗普被判有罪,他也不太可能被判入狱。

Can the case be dismissed?
Defence lawyers often ask judges to toss out cases against their clients, arguing there is not enough evidence or no crime was committed. The request is known as a motion to dismiss.

案件可以驳回吗?
辩护律师经常要求法官驳回对其委托人不利的案件,辩称证据不足或没有犯罪。该请求被称为驳回动议。

But Chabrowe said judges rarely dismiss criminal cases. “Very, very, very, very few cases are dismissed in motions to dismiss. No one’s going to dismiss [the Trump case],” he said.

但是查布罗都说,法官很少驳回刑事案件。“非常、非常、非常、非常少的案件在驳回动议中被驳回。没有人会忽视(特朗普案),”他说。

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