欧洲人从印第安人手中偷走了美洲吗?
2023-10-10 翻译熊 7032
正文翻译

Not Stolen: The Truth about European Colonialism in the New World is a unique, though embryonic, defense of the European-American enterprise of discovery and settlement. It is not an academic book. It is intended as a popular work for the masses. As such it sometimes scratches the surface of this disputed history when it should delve deeper.

《不曾偷:欧洲殖民主义在新大陆的真相》是一部独特的,尽管还处于萌芽阶段的,对欧美发现和定居事业的辩护的大众书籍。这不是一本学术书籍。这是一部面向大众的通俗作品。因此,在本应深入探究的时候,它有时只是触及了这段有争议的历史的表面。

The author has refrained from adopting a whining or aggrieved tone with his “just the facts” approach—and there is something to be gained from those facts, which are of value in the national debate over the supposed moral requirement that the heirs of the whites who founded these United States return, or otherwise pay reparations, for the “theft” of Manhattan island and the rest of the country—to the descendants of the Indians who allegedly stole no land themselves and who, to this day, serve as models of probity compared with barbarous Caucasians.

作者在他的“唯有事实”的方法中避免采用抱怨或委屈的语气——我们可以从这些事实中获得一些东西,这些事实在全国性的辩论中是有价值的,辩论的主题是所谓的道德要求,即建立美国的白人的继承人应该为“盗窃”曼哈顿岛和这个国家的其他地方负责,归还或者以其他方式支付赔款,给印第安人的后代,据说他们(印度安人)自己没有偷过土地,直到今天,与野蛮的高加索人相比,他们是正直的典范。

In the war of ideas Jeff Flynn-Paul (J.F-P) ought to have given it all he’s got, and overlooked no significant detail. That sort of effort is not however, on offer in Not Stolen, rendering it vulnerable to counterattack by the concentrated force of opponents whose books, in some cases, contain the scholarly apparatus missing from Not Stolen.

在这场思想之战中,杰夫·弗林-保罗(Jeff Flynn-Paul, J.F-P)本应全力以赴,不应忽视任何重要细节。然而,《不曾偷》没有提供这种努力,这使得它很容易受到对手集中力量的反击,这些对手的书在某些情况下包含了《不曾偷》所缺少的学术工具。

One fault is the near absence of footnotes. There are a few sprinkled here and there, which make the blank spaces at the bottom of too many pages all the more conspicuous. Many of the author’s most controversial and potentially myth-busting deflations of the received opinions of woke academics are lost opportunities, in that they are made on the basis of Jeff Flynn-Paul’s ipse dixit alone.

其中一个缺点是几乎没有脚注。书里各处都有一些,这使得太多页面底部的空白区域更加显眼。作者对清醒的学者所接受的观点的许多最具争议性和可能打破神话的观点都是站不住脚的,因为它们是基于杰夫·弗林-保罗(Jeff Flynn-Paul)的“武断言论”(ipse dixit)而提出的。

On p. 309 we encounter the statement: “Apaches had been responsible for a series of attacks on their Indigenous neighbors, as well as nearby white settlers. In 1854 the superintendent of Indian affairs wrote of the Apaches that ‘no other single band of Indians has committed an equal amount of depredations upon, and caused so much trouble and annoyance to the people (both Indigenous and white) of this territory. He concluded, ‘whenever there is any mischief brewing, invariably the Apaches have a hand in it.”

在第309页,我们看到这样的陈述:“阿帕奇人对他们的土著邻居以及附近的白人定居者进行了一系列袭击。1854年,印第安事务主管在谈到阿帕奇人时写道:“没有任何一个印第安部落对这片土地上的人们(包括土著和白人)犯下了如此多的劫掠,给他们带来了如此多的麻烦和烦恼。”
他的结论是:“无论什么时候,只要有什么恶作剧在酝酿,阿帕奇人总是会参与其中。”

Who was the superintendent of Indian affairs in 1854? We’re not told. With regard to what incident or incidents were his hostile characterizations made? We’re not informed. What depredations by the US government or white settlers had been inflicted upon the Apaches by 1854? Again, J.F-P doesn’t say. Rather than fill in the gaps, we’re provided with a declaration that could have been a transcxt of remarks by Brigadier General Joseph R. West, the Apache-hating assassin of Mangas Coloradas, a tribal chief of the Chiricahua band of Apaches who, while on a peace mission, was treacherously murdered on West’s orders in 1863.

1854年的印第安事务主管是谁?我们没有被告知。他对哪些事件或事件进行了敌意描述?我们不知情。到1854年,美国政府或白人定居者对阿帕奇人进行了哪些掠夺? 同样,J.F-P也没有说。
我们没有去填补空白,而是看到了一份可能是约瑟夫·r·韦斯特准将(Brigadier General Joseph R. West)讲话的文字记录——憎恨阿帕奇人的刺客曼加斯·科罗拉达斯,是奇里卡瓦部落阿帕奇人的首领,1863年在执行和平任务时被韦斯特奸计谋杀了。

The author would know the answers had he consulted the now standard history, The Apache Wars (2016) by Paul Andrew Hutton. Mr. Flynn-Paul seems to have no knowledge of it. Hutton’s book pulls no punches with regard to either white or Native violence and injustice. One is alternately moved between anger at the crimes of whites in one chapter of The Apache Wars, and outrage at Indian crimes in another.

如果作者查阅了保罗·安德鲁·赫顿(Paul Andrew Hutton)的《阿帕奇战争》(The Apache Wars, 2016)这本现在的标准历史,他就会知道答案。但弗林·保罗先生似乎对此一无所知。赫顿的书对白人或土著的暴力和不公正都毫不留情。

Not Stolen’s thesis is correct: generally speaking with some exceptions, indigenous Americans were not above ritually torturing, murdering, kidnapping, brutally enslaving and even eating their fellow Natives in rival tribes. The notion that Ithaca, New York’s Cornell University (and a hundred other institutions of higher learning equally contested), is situated on land “stolen from Native people” is a hoax, given that in the case of Ithaca, the Iroquois themselves expropriated the land from other tribes.

《不曾偷》的论点是正确的:一般来说,除了一些例外,美国土著并不会在仪式上折磨、谋杀、绑架、残忍地奴役甚至吃掉敌对部落的土著同胞。
纽约的康奈尔大学(Cornell University)(以及其他一百所同样有争议的高等教育机构)坐落在“从原住民那里偷来的”土地上的说法是一个骗局,因为在伊萨卡岛的情况下,易洛魁人自己从其他部落那里征用了土地。

The benighted omission of the history of Native American civil wars is the foundation upon which the cries for Cornell to be “returned” to the Iroquois (to cite one instance), are put forth. Lost in the folds of dainty political correctness are the facts of the ferocious inter-tribal warfare of the Natives.

对美国土著内战历史的无知遗漏,是要求将康奈尔大学“归还”给易洛魁人(举一个例子)的呼声提出的基础。在精致的政治正确的褶皱中,隐藏着印第安人残酷的部落间战争的事实。

In the Southwest in the mid-19th century, to speak of an “Apache tribe” connoting a nation, would be a misnomer, unless it was a designation employed to distinguish between the Apache and for example, the Comanche or the Navajo. Otherwise, “Apache” only designates shared ethnic and linguistic characteristics common to “bands” of Chiricahua, Mescalero and White Mountain (among other bands), that were often (to put it mildly), not in affiliation or solidarity with one another, and who resided in lands ethnologists term “Apacheria.” Their divisions contributed to their defeat.

在19世纪中期的美国西南部,用“阿帕奇部落”来指代一个民族是不恰当的,除非这个称呼是用来区分阿帕奇人和科曼奇人或纳瓦霍人。否则,“阿帕奇”只表示与奇里卡瓦、梅斯卡莱罗和白山(以及其他部落)的“部落”共有的种族和语言特征,这些部落通常(委婉地说)彼此没有隶属关系或团结一致,居住在民族学家称之为“阿帕奇里亚”的土地上。他们的分裂导致了他们的失败。

As part of the internecine warfare prior to and even in the midst of white settlement, the theft of tribal land by other Indian tribes was typical: the Iroquois stole land from the Huron; the Blackfeet purloined territory from the Flathead. On and on the examples of massive theft of territory by fellow Natives fill the records of the chronicle of North America, extending back to pre-Columbian annals, when “white racism” and “European settler-colonialism “were not factors.

在白人定居之前,甚至在白人定居期间,作为内讧战争的一部分,其他印第安部落对部落土地的盗窃是典型的:易洛魁人从休伦人那里偷走了土地;黑脚人从平头人那里夺取了领土。在北美的编年史中,土著同胞大量盗窃领土的例子层出不穷,可以追溯到哥伦布发现新大陆之前,那时“白人种族主义”和“欧洲定居者殖民主义”还不是因素。

This thieving is not an indicator of some special perfidy of the Indians of North America. It is a universal fact of ethnology, visible in most pre-Christian (and many pretend “Christian”) nations and cultures. Our Anglo-Saxon ancestors “stole” Britain from the Picts, and in turn our Norman ancestors stole it from the Saxons. Who pays reparations to whom in that scenario?

这种(土地)偷窃行为并不能说明北美印第安人有什么特别的背信弃义。这是一个普遍的民族学事实,在大多数前基督教(和许多假装“基督教”)国家和文化中都是可见的。我们的盎格鲁-撒克逊祖先从皮克特人那里“偷走”了不列颠,反过来,我们的诺曼祖先又从撒克逊人那里“偷走”了不列颠。在这种情况下,谁向谁支付赔款?

The psychological consequences of inducing a permanent mentality of grievance in a nation of people are crippling. The Picts, Saxons and Normans all moved on and formed one nation, whose unity led to the remarkable historical fact of the small island nation of Britain at one time governing nearly one-fourth of the earth and producing the Chaucers, Miltons and Magna Cartas that contributed to the liberty and ennoblement of humanity.

在一个国家的人民中引起一种长期的不满心理,其心理后果是严重的。皮克特人、撒克逊人和诺曼人都继续前进,形成了一个国家,这个国家的统一导致了一个引人注目的历史事实:英国这个小岛国一度统治着地球近四分之一的土地,产生了乔叟、弥尔顿和《大宪章》,为人类的自由和高贵做出了贡献。

During the 1947 partition of India, the competing territorial claims of tribes of Hindu Marathi, Gurjars and Jats, Punjab Sikhs, and Muslim Pashtuns and Meos, concerning who stole what land from which ethnicity, resulted, according to historian Priya Satia of Stanford University, in the mass murder of between 500,000 and two million civilians.

根据斯坦福大学的历史学家Priya Satia的说法,在1947年印度分治期间,印度教马拉地人、Gurjars和Jats、旁遮普锡克教徒、穆斯林普什图人和Meos等部落争夺领土,争夺谁从哪个种族那里偷走了什么土地,导致了50万到200万平民的大屠杀。

If there is anyone more obtuse than white liberals, I’ve haven’t met them. Their idée fixe that prior to “the coming of the white man” the Natives of North America were proto-hippy flower children inhabiting a harmonious near-paradise, is preposterous.

如果说还有谁比白人自由主义者更迟钝的话,我还没见过他们。他们认为,在“白人到来”之前,北美原住民是生活在和谐的近乎天堂的地方,这种观点是荒谬的。

Some of the most potent supporting documentation which subverts the pre-Columbian North American paradise myth will be found in David Graeber and David Wengrow’s 2021 vade mecum, The Dawn of Everything: A New History of Humanity. The data they marshal—new evidence of the relentless GENOCIDE, slavery and occult diabolism perpetrated by Native nations in the western hemisphere against each other—would have made it the volume Not Stolen should have been. Unfortunately, Graeber and Wengrow’s text is accompanied by obsequious qualifications intended to soften the blow its radical facts administer to woke dogma.

在大卫·格雷伯和大卫·温格罗2021年出版的《万物的黎明》中,我们可以找到一些最有力的佐证文件,这些文件颠覆了前哥伦布时代的北美天堂神话: 《人类新历史》。
他们整理的数据——关于西半球土著民族之间残酷的种族灭绝、奴隶制和神秘的恶魔行为的新证据——本应成为《不曾偷》一书的一部分。不幸的是,格雷伯和温格罗的文本伴随着一些谄谀的限定,旨在缓和其激进事实对觉醒教条的打击。

Of course Flynn-Paul studied the findings in The Dawn of Everything for the benefit of his own book, right? Wrong. In fact, one wonders whether he troubled to read it. Instead, he derides it as moronic political correctness: “In this book (The Dawn of Everything), Graeber and his coauthor, David Wengrow…suggest any history, emphasizing positive sides of European civilization, can be read as a retroactive apology for GENOCIDE…”
Yes, they do camouflage their historical dynamite in that manner. How else would their findings have successfully eluded the gatekeepers and gained a contract from a major New York publishing house?

弗林-保罗研究《万物的黎明》中的发现显然是为了他自己的书,对吧?错了。事实上,人们怀疑他是否费心去读过这本书。因为相反,他嘲笑这是愚蠢的政治正确:
“在这本书(《万物的黎明》)中,格雷伯和他的合著者大卫·温格罗……认为,任何强调欧洲文明积极一面的历史,都可以被解读为对种族灭绝的追溯道歉(a retroactive apology for GENOCIDE)……”

From the pages of Graeber and Wengrow’s The Dawn of Everything we learn about the Calusa Indians of the Florida Keys—the slavery, GENOCIDE and dictatorship perpetrated by their leaders (p. 151). We are informed concerning the Natchez people of Louisiana: their monarch was known as the Natchez Sun. “He appeared to wield unlimited power. His every movement was greeted by elaborate rituals of deference, bowing and scraping; he could order arbitrary executions, help himself to any of his subject’s possessions and do pretty much anything he liked” (The Dawn of Everything, p. 156).

从格雷伯和温格罗的《万物的黎明》一书中,我们了解到佛罗里达群岛的卡卢萨印第安人——他们的领导人所犯下的奴隶制、种族灭绝和独裁统治(第151页)。我们了解到路易斯安那州纳奇兹人的情况: 他们的君主被称为纳奇兹太阳。他似乎掌握着无限的权力。他的每一个动作都受到精心制作的恭敬仪式的欢迎——鞠躬和刮胡子; 他可以下令任意处决,随意占有臣民的任何财产,几乎可以做任何他喜欢的事情”(《万物的黎明》,第156页)。
(译注:后续内容都是为欧洲人的北美侵占史翻供的,过于冗长,后续不再翻译)

评论翻译
Ernesto Che says:
Their idée fixe that prior to “the coming of the white man” the Natives of North America were proto-hippy flower children inhabiting a harmonious near-paradise, is preposterous.
Even accepting that that translation of the idée fixe is correct — it is not, it is hogwash — the fact of the matter is that whatever the Indians did among themselves was their business. It never gave the white man the right to steal the land and exterminate the local population.

“他们认为,在‘白人到来’之前,北美原住民是生活在和谐的近乎天堂的地方,这种观点是荒谬的。”
即使承认对“固有观念”的翻译是正确的——但它不是,它是废话。事实是,无论印第安人自己做什么,都是他们自己的事。它从来没有给白人窃取土地和灭绝当地人口的权利。

Thus, to then sanctimoniously state that “The Picts, Saxons and Normans all moved on and formed one nation, whose unity led to the remarkable historical fact of the small island nation of Britain at one time governing nearly one-fourth of the earth and producing the Chaucers, Miltons and Magna Cartas that contributed to the liberty and ennoblement of humanity” is more of the same hogwash.

因此,伪善地说“皮克特人、撒克逊人和诺曼人都继续前进,形成了一个国家,这个国家的统一导致了英国这个小岛国一度统治地球近四分之一的历史事实,并产生了乔叟、弥尔顿和《大宪章》,为人类的自由和高贵做出了贡献”,这更像一派胡言。

None of those proto-British tribes were exterminated, they ‘disappeared’ by cross-breeding/intermarrying.
The governing of ¼ of the eartyh is merely characterizes the innate imperialist mentality of the AngloSaxons, which has continued after WW2 by the U.S., which has reached the point of no return in its decline.

这些原始的英国部落没有一个被灭绝,他们通过杂交/通婚“消失”了。
统治四分之一的地球仅仅是盎格鲁-撒克逊人固有的帝国主义心态的特征,这种心态在二战后由美国继续下去,而美国已经到了衰落的不可逆转的地步。

As for those bright lights like the Chaucers, Milton, et co., great!! Who knows what would have sprouted out of the North American Indian society if they had not been exterminated.
But hey, let’s not let uncomfortable facts get in the way, and let’s keep fabricating newer stories to ‘justify’ land theft and GENOCIDE. Might be an idea to look at how the ZioNazi scum did it, perhaps the benevolent Christian God ordained it, after all, we are talking about what the American’s proudly call (now, don’t laugh) “God’s own country” — presumably subhumans had to be exterminated, just like the Nazis did.

至于乔叟、弥尔顿等人的作品,太棒了!!但如果北美印第安人没有被灭绝,谁知道他们的社会会孕育出什么呢?
但是,嘿,让我们不要让不舒服的事实挡道,让我们继续编造新的故事来“证明”土地盗窃和种族灭绝是正当的。也许我们应该看看犹太复国主义纳粹是如何做到的,也许是仁慈的基督教上帝下令这样做的,毕竟,我们谈论的是美国人自豪地称之为(现在,不要笑)“上帝自己的国家”——大概亚人类必须被灭绝,就像纳粹做的那样。

Loup-Bouc says:
@Ernesto Che Correct, and irrefutable.
All contrary assertions are bullshit emitted from White supremacists’ assholes. Such assertions reduce to this: I say you are “bad.” So I am entitled to take your lands and resources by violent dispossession, misappropriation, and murder, even if you never hurt me or dispossessed me or misappropriated my lands or resources.
White intelligence is greater than that of indigenous peoples north of the Rio Grand (though not greater than that of East Asians or Jews). And White culture has produced many marvelous ideas and things (though not more marvelous than Chinese, Indian, and Persian culltures created).

没错,这点无可辩驳。
所有相反的断言都是白人至上主义渣滓的屁话。这样的断言可以归结为:我说你“坏”。因此,我有权通过暴力剥夺、侵占和谋杀来夺取你们的土地和资源,即使你们从未伤害过我,从未剥夺过我,也从未侵占过我的土地和资源。
白人的智商高于里奥格兰德河以北的土著居民(尽管不比东亚人或犹太人高)。白人文化产生了许多奇妙的想法和事物(尽管没有比中国、印度和波斯文化创造的更奇妙)。

But intellectual and cultural superiority does not justify murdering and displacing intellectually and culturally inferior peoples. Nor does the doctrine of Manifest Destiny — https://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/nineteen/nkeyinfo/mandestiny.htm —or the Doctrine of Discovery — https://doctrineofdiscovery.org/what-is-the-doctrine-of-discovery/ — justify or excuse the atrocities and land-grabs White Europeans wrought against indigenous Americans.

但是,智力和文化上的优越并不能成为谋杀和取代智力和文化上的低等民族的理由。天命学说或者发现学说也是如此。链接略,(都是)为欧洲白人对美洲原住民的暴行和掠夺土地的辩护或辩解。

Both the doctrine of Manifest Destiny and the Doctrine of Discovery harken back to Yahweh’s declaring the Jews the “Chosen People” and commanding the Jews to conquer all other peoples who may block the Jews’ ruling the “Promised Land” — which “Promised Land” became, eventually (per Talmud and Kabbala and Tanakh), the whole world and all its non-Jewish inhabitants.

天定命运学说和发现学说都追溯到耶和华宣布犹太人是“选民”,并命令犹太人征服所有可能阻止犹太人统治“应许之地”的其他民族——“应许之地”最终(根据塔木德、卡巴拉和塔纳赫)变成了整个世界及其所有非犹太居民。

The Talmud, Kabbala, and Tanakh teach Jews that all non-Jews (all goyim) are non-human and must be conquered and slaughtered, tamed, or enslaved. America’s White “pioneers” viewed indigenous Americans as if indigenous Americans were non-human and America’s White “pioneers were New World “Jews” acting by command of their version of Yahweh.

《塔木德》、《卡巴拉》和《塔纳赫》教导犹太人,所有非犹太人(所有非犹太教徒)都是非人类,必须被征服、屠杀、驯服或奴役。美国的白人“先驱者”视美洲原住民为非人类,而美国的白人“先驱者”则是新世界的“犹太人”,按照他们心目中的耶和华的命令行事。

Ernesto Che says:
@Loup-BoucGood comment, a breath of fresh air among the many racist comments here, thank you.
I do disagree with 1 statement: White intelligence is greater than that of indigenous peoples north of the Rio Grand
At the time of arrival of the settlers the indigenous population was at a different evolutionary stage in terms of knowledge, technology, and so on. Does that make them less intelligent?
The ancient Greeks, Persians, Romans were also at a less evolved stage than we are now. Would you argue that therefore we today are more intelligent than they were? I personally would argue the opposite, that despite our free schooling for all, we are dumber than they were, many of us are stunted.

好评论,在这里的许多种族主义评论中有如一口新鲜空气,谢谢。
我不同意其中一种说法:“白人的智商比里奥格兰德河以北的土著居民要高”
在移民到来的时候,土著居民在知识、技术等方面正处于一个不同的进化阶段。这会让他们变得不那么聪明吗?
古希腊人、波斯人、罗马人也处于比我们现在更不发达的阶段。你会因此认为我们今天比他们更聪明吗?我个人的观点恰恰相反,尽管我们所有人都接受免费教育,但我们比他们更笨,我们中的许多人都发育不良。

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