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After more than two years of hard research, Academician Zhu Shining of Nanjing University and his team finally realized quantum entanglement distribution based on drones. This drone equipped with quantum communication equipment weighs about 35 kilograms.

中国南京大学祝世宁院士及其团队经过两年多的钻研，终于实现了基于无人机的量子纠缠分发，研发出适用无人机的量子通信设备。这架配备量子通信设备的无人机重约35公斤。

It can maintain two air-to-ground connections to continuously maintain a state of quantum entanglement, has the ability to completely prevent eavesdropping, and the signal transmission is also very stable. Moreover, the decoding key installed inside will act as a firewall to protect information security, so it will basically not be cracked. This is a milestone in the development of quantum communications.

它能够维持两个空对地连接持续不断地保持量子纠缠状态，具有完全防止窃听的能力，信号传输也十分稳定。而且内部所搭载的解码钥匙会成为保护信息安全的防火墙，所以基本不会被破解。这是量子通信发展过程中的一个里程碑。

Traditional drones often use radio or electromagnetic waves as signals, which are often intercepted and decoded by electronic interference technology. Once the code is deciphered and the information is leaked, the drone can easily be captured by the enemy. In December 2011, Iran used Russian version of drone technology to invade the US RQ-170 unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and caused it to land in Iran by disrupting the GPS positioning system. On the Syrian battlefield, Russia also used strong radio interference technology to make the rebel drones lose control.

而传统无人机往往采用无线电或电磁波作为信号，经常会遭受电子干扰技术的波段拦截并被解码。编码一旦被破译，信息遭泄露，无人机就容易被敌方捕获。2011年12月，伊朗利用俄罗斯版无人机技术，入侵了美国的RQ-170无人侦察机，通过扰乱GPS定位系统让其降落于伊朗境内。在叙利亚战场上，俄罗斯也曾使出了强电波干扰技术，使叛军的无人机失去控制。

In the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine that lasted for more than nine months this year, both sides frequently used drones to attack each other's personnel and facilities, causing major trauma to both sides. This shows the power of drones on the battlefield. Once China's self-developed quantum communication device, the world's most secure and difficult to crack, is used to equip military drones, it will show its power on the battlefield.

就在俄乌今年持续九个多月的军事冲突中，双方频繁使用了无人机攻击对方的人员和设施，对双方都造成了重大创伤。由此可以看出无人机在战场上的威力。中国自研的这款世界上最安全、最难破解的量子通信装置一旦被用于装备军用无人机，它将在战场上大显身手。

On August 16, 2016, the world's first quantum satellite, Mozi, independently developed by China, was successfully launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. On January 18, 2017, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite successfully completed its four-month on-orbit test mission and began to enter the stage of on-orbit operation and experimental missions. The successful launch of Mozi and the smooth progress of the on-orbit experimental mission have made China the first country to achieve quantum communication experiments between satellites and the ground.

2016年8月16号，中国自主研制的世界上首颗墨子号量子卫星，在酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射升空。2017年1月18日，“墨子号”量子科学实验卫星圆满完成了4个月的在轨测试任务，开始进入在轨运行和实验任务阶段。墨子号的成功发射和在轨实验任务的顺利进展使得中国成为第一个实现了卫星和地面之间量子通信实验的国家。

The main mission of the Mozi satellite is to conduct four important scientific experiments:

墨子号卫星的主要任务是进行四项重要的科学实验:

1. Star-to-ground high-speed quantum key distribution experiment. In 2017, the code rate of satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution has reached the level of 10kbps, successfully verifying the feasibility of satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution. At present, after system optimization, the key distribution code rate has reached the level of 100kbps, which has initial practical value.

一，星地高速量子密钥分发实验。2017年，星地量子密钥分发的成码率已达到10kbps量级，成功验证了星地量子密钥分发的可行性。目前经过系统优化，密钥分发成码率已能够达到100kbps量级，具备了初步的实用价值。

2. Wide-area quantum communication network experiment. The University of Science and Technology of China cooperated with the Austrian Academy of Sciences to use the "Mozi" quantum satellite to achieve 7,600 kilometers of intercontinental quantum key distribution, and used shared key technology to complete encrypted data transmission and video communication. So far, China has successfully achieved intercontinental quantum secure communication, which is of great strategic significance.

二，广域量子通信网络实验。中国科技大学与奥地利科学院合作，利用“墨子号”量子卫星实现7600公里的洲际量子秘钥分发，并利用共享秘钥技术，完成加密数据传输和视频通讯。至此，中国已成功实现了洲际量子保密通信，其战略性意义重大。

3. Star-to-ground quantum entanglement distribution experiment. The "Mozi" quantum satellite is the first in the world to realize quantum entanglement distribution at the thousand-kilometer level, and on this basis, it is the first time to achieve the non-locality test of quantum mechanics with a spatial scale that strictly meets "Einstein's locality condition". A reliable technical foundation has been laid for future experimental research on large-scale quantum networks and quantum communications, as well as experimental testing of basic principles of physics such as general relativity and quantum gravity in outer space.

三，星地量子纠缠分发实验。“墨子号”量子卫星在国际上率先实现千公里级的量子纠缠分发，并在此基础上首次实现空间尺度严格满足“爱因斯坦定域性条件”的量子力学非定域性检验，为未来开展大尺度量子网络和量子通信实验研究，以及开展外太空广义相对论、量子引力等物理学基本原理的实验检验奠定了可靠的技术基础。

4. Earth-to-Star Quantum Teleportation Experiment. Quantum teleportation uses entangled photons emitted from the ground and received in the sky. When the "Mozi" quantum satellite passes through, it establishes an optical lix with the Ali ground station in Tibet at an altitude of 5100m. The ground light source generates 8,000 instances of quantum teleportation per second. The ground emits entangled photons to the satellite. The experimental communication distance ranges from 500 kilometers to 1,400 kilometers. All six states to be transmitted exceed the classical limit with a confidence level of greater than 99.7%.

四，地星量子隐形传态实验。量子隐形传态采用地面发射纠缠光子、天上接收的方式，“墨子号”量子卫星过境时，与海拔5100m的西藏阿里地面站建立光链路。地面光源每秒产生8000个量子隐形传态事例，地面向卫星发射纠缠光子，实验通信距离从500公里到1400公里，所有6个待传送态均以大于99.7%的置信度超越经典极限。

At present, the "Mozi" quantum satellite has successfully achieved all scheduled scientific goals and achieved important results such as thousand-kilometer-level satellite-to-ground quantum entanglement distribution, high-speed quantum key distribution, and quantum teleportation, setting the stage for China to continue to lead the world in the future. The development of quantum communication technology and cutting-edge research on testing basic issues in space-scale quantum physics have laid a solid scientific and technological foundation.

目前，“墨子号”量子卫星已经圆满实现预定的全部科学目标，取得了千公里级星地量子纠缠分发、高速量子密钥分发、量子隐形传态等重要成果，为中国在未来继续引领世界量子通信技术发展和空间尺度量子物理基本问题检验前沿研究奠定了坚实的科学与技术基础。

China's quantum communication technology cannot even be cracked by the United States. The reason is mainly because China has mastered the key technologies of quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution that even the United States has not mastered. Among them, quantum teleportation technology is relatively complex, especially the distribution and measurement technologies involved in this technology. The United States is still in the research and development stage, but China can already master it maturely. The biggest feature of these technologies is that they can ensure the security of network information. To this end, China has also developed the world's first quantum science experimental satellite, and also built the world's first quantum secure communication backbone network.

中国的这种量子通信技术连美国都无法用技术破解，主要是因为中国掌握了美国都没有掌握的量子隐形传态和量子密钥分发的关键技术。其中的量子隐形传态技术较为复杂，特别是该技术中涉及的分发和测量技术，美国目前还在研发阶段，而中国已经能成熟地掌握。这些技术最大的特点就是可以保障网络信息安全，为此中国还研发出了全球首颗量子科学实验卫星，同时还建了全球第一条量子保密通信骨干网。

In terms of experiments with quantum communications, China is widely applying it to daily life. Quantum drones are a milestone in the development of quantum communications.

在量子通信的实验方面，中国正在将它广泛应用到日常生活中。量子无人机是量子通信发展过程中的一个里程碑。

In terms of quantum communication experiments, China is leading the way and is basically close to industrialization. It is speculated that in the direction of satellite quantum communication experiments, China It is about five years ahead of developed countries such as the United States and Europe, and has achieved overtaking in this field.

在量子通信的实验方面，中国处于领先地位，基本接近产业化。据推测，在卫星量子通信实验方向，中国领先欧美等发达国家五年左右，在这一领域已经实现了超车。

In terms of quantum computing, Europe and the United States are leading, but China also has many important results, and the entire field is still far away from practical applications.

在量子计算方面，欧美领先，但中国也有很多重要的成果，而整个领域离实际应用还有相当距离。

In terms of quantum information theory, Europe and the United States are leading, and China needs to invest more manpower and material resources in theoretical research. Of course, as China's experimental conditions improve and improve, such as quantum satellites occupying the commanding heights of relevant experiments, Chinese theorists will also get more and better experimental opportunities, forming a virtuous cycle, which may lead to an "engineering technology reverse". "Theoretical Research" development model.

在量子信息的理论方面，欧美领先，中国需要向理论研究投入更多的人力物力。当然，随着中国实验条件的改善和提高，例如量子卫星占据相关实验的制高点，中国的理论家也会获得更多更好的实验机会，形成良性循环，这可能会导致一种“工程技术逆袭理论研究”的发展模式。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

The U.S. military believes that quantum computing is a "game changer" that has the potential to change the face of information and space warfare. China's rapid advances in this field in recent years have worried the Pentagon, and the United States believes that it needs to be on guard.

美国军方认为量子计算是有潜力改变信息和太空战面貌的“游戏规则变革者”，中国近年来在该领域的突飞猛进让五角大楼感到担心，对此美国认为需要严阵以待。

Michael Griffin, the U.S. Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, recently discussed the development and challenges of quantum computing technology for the U.S. military with Air Force scientists at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio. The U.S. Department of Defense believes that quantum computing technology may change information and space operations, and has included quantum computers and related applications in key investment research and development projects. Quantum technology can be useful in areas such as artificial intelligence algorithms, highly secure encryption for communications satellites, and precise navigation that does not require GPS signals.

美国防部负责研究与工程的副部长迈克尔·格里芬近期与俄亥俄州赖特帕特森空军基地的空军科学家们共同讨论了美国军方量子计算技术的发展和挑战。美国防部认为量子计算技术可能改变信息和太空作战，已将量子计算机和相关应用列入重点投资研发项目。量子技术可以在人工智能算法、通信卫星的高度安全加密以及不需要GPS信号的精确导航等领域中发挥作用。

At the same time, the U.S. Department of Defense is continuing to pay attention to the developments in quantum technology in other countries. Hejduk said that the United States should not only pay attention to and learn from China's achievements in the field of satellite communications, but also pay attention to the entire ecosystem: ground-high altitude-space, and establish a real network system between the three. Other countries are also starting to get involved in this field: the UK is considering a $400 million project based on quantum sensing and timing; the European unx expects to spend $1 billion to complete a similar project over the next 10 years; Canada, Australia and Israel are also planning to implement large-scale quantum sensing and timing projects. Scale development research projects.

与此同时，美国防部正持续关注其他国家量子技术的动态。海杜克称，美国不仅要关注并学习中国在卫星通信领域取得的成就，更要关注整个生态系统：地面—高空—太空，并在三者之间建立一个真正的网络系统。其他国家也开始参与这一领域：英国正在考虑实施一项耗资4亿美元，基于量子传感和定时的项目；欧盟预计未来10年内耗资10亿美元完成类似项目；加拿大、澳大利亚和以色列也将大规模开发研究项目。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

The competition has begun, and quantum technology is moving from disruptive concepts to practical applications.

竞争已经开始，量子技术正在从颠覆性概念走向现实应用。

原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处