哪些国家过去很强大，但现在不再是了？
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Alex Dolphin former Election Officer (2008-2016)
Perhaps the larger they are the harder they fall.
The most powerful empires existed in the twentieth century and the reason isn’t due to expanse or wealth though that is a part of it.
These two empires had one thing no other power has ever had.
The power to destroy every single life on this planet:
The USSR and the United States both wielded more power than any other empire in the history of humankind, they could destroy the world several times over and that gave this nations power on a global scale.
Both empires had significant sway from their military and nuclear might.
Now we obviously know which power fell first:
The USSR no longer exists and has now become the Russian Republic.
They are still powerful, but no longer an empire.
【回答】前选举主任(2008年-2016年)
也许它们越大，就摔得越重。
最强大的帝国存在于20世纪，原因不是因为广袤的土地或财富，虽然这是其中的一部分。
这两个帝国拥有其他强国从未拥有过的东西。
摧毁地球上每一个生命的力量：核弹。
苏联和美国都比人类历史上任何其他帝国拥有更强的实力，他们可以摧毁世界好几次，这赋予了这两个国家在全球范围内的权力。
这两个帝国在军事和核力量方面都有很大的影响力。
现在我们显然知道哪个强国先倒下了：
苏联已不复存在，现在已成为俄罗斯共和国。
他们仍然强大，但不再是一个帝国了。
Perhaps the larger they are the harder they fall.
The most powerful empires existed in the twentieth century and the reason isn’t due to expanse or wealth though that is a part of it.
These two empires had one thing no other power has ever had.
The power to destroy every single life on this planet:
The USSR and the United States both wielded more power than any other empire in the history of humankind, they could destroy the world several times over and that gave this nations power on a global scale.
Both empires had significant sway from their military and nuclear might.
Now we obviously know which power fell first:
The USSR no longer exists and has now become the Russian Republic.
They are still powerful, but no longer an empire.
【回答】前选举主任(2008年-2016年)
也许它们越大，就摔得越重。
最强大的帝国存在于20世纪，原因不是因为广袤的土地或财富，虽然这是其中的一部分。
这两个帝国拥有其他强国从未拥有过的东西。
摧毁地球上每一个生命的力量：核弹。
苏联和美国都比人类历史上任何其他帝国拥有更强的实力，他们可以摧毁世界好几次，这赋予了这两个国家在全球范围内的权力。
这两个帝国在军事和核力量方面都有很大的影响力。
现在我们显然知道哪个强国先倒下了：
苏联已不复存在，现在已成为俄罗斯共和国。
他们仍然强大，但不再是一个帝国了。
However, the second power in this equation is already on a fall from grace.
The US once commanded the ear of the world, it commanded respect and the US economy was something to behold.
But now America is number one at these lovely things:
* People behind bars
* Military Spending despite having no declarations of war.
* Healthcare cost
* Energy use per person (climate change doesn’t exist right?)
* Anxiety disorders
* Most expensive place to have a baby
* Number of adults who believe angels are real
and finally:
* Obesity
然而，这个等式中的第二个强国已经开始从荣耀跌落了。
美国曾经举世瞩目，赢得了尊重，美国经济也是让人叹为观止。
但现在，美国在这些有趣的事情上排名第一：
* 关在监狱里的人
* 军事开支，尽管没有宣战
* 医疗成本
* 人均能源使用量(气候变化并不存在，是吗？)
* 焦虑症
* 最昂贵的生孩子地方
* 相信天使存在的成年人数量
最后一个是：
* 肥胖
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The US once commanded the ear of the world, it commanded respect and the US economy was something to behold.
But now America is number one at these lovely things:
* People behind bars
* Military Spending despite having no declarations of war.
* Healthcare cost
* Energy use per person (climate change doesn’t exist right?)
* Anxiety disorders
* Most expensive place to have a baby
* Number of adults who believe angels are real
and finally:
* Obesity
然而，这个等式中的第二个强国已经开始从荣耀跌落了。
美国曾经举世瞩目，赢得了尊重，美国经济也是让人叹为观止。
但现在，美国在这些有趣的事情上排名第一：
* 关在监狱里的人
* 军事开支，尽管没有宣战
* 医疗成本
* 人均能源使用量(气候变化并不存在，是吗？)
* 焦虑症
* 最昂贵的生孩子地方
* 相信天使存在的成年人数量
最后一个是：
* 肥胖
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The US no longer commands respect and is no longer the Beacon on the Hill it once was, the empire is crumbling and that was before electing a reality TV star as President.
Oddly enough that same year the US lost its status as a full democracy and is now a flawed one and has never been the most free nation based on indexes.
Then the US goes and elects the Republican Party which is the only major political entity that does not believe in the reality that climate change could kill millions and they threaten the entire human race with their policies.
美国不再受人尊敬，也不再像过去那样是国会山上的灯塔，这个帝国正在崩溃，而这是在选举一位真人秀明星担任总统之前。
奇怪的是，就在同一年，美国失去了完全民主的地位，现在是一个有缺陷的民主国家，而且从指数来看从来都不是最自由的国家。
然后，美国选举了共和党，而共和党是唯一一个不相信气候变化会导致数百万人死亡的政治实体，并且他们的政策威胁整个人类。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Oddly enough that same year the US lost its status as a full democracy and is now a flawed one and has never been the most free nation based on indexes.
Then the US goes and elects the Republican Party which is the only major political entity that does not believe in the reality that climate change could kill millions and they threaten the entire human race with their policies.
美国不再受人尊敬，也不再像过去那样是国会山上的灯塔，这个帝国正在崩溃，而这是在选举一位真人秀明星担任总统之前。
奇怪的是，就在同一年，美国失去了完全民主的地位，现在是一个有缺陷的民主国家，而且从指数来看从来都不是最自由的国家。
然后，美国选举了共和党，而共和党是唯一一个不相信气候变化会导致数百万人死亡的政治实体，并且他们的政策威胁整个人类。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The US is currently the only nation to deny this so much so it is the only nation not in the Paris Climate Accord:
The US has lost its respect on the global stage and currently nations are circling politicians like vultures getting ready to pick the carcass… Russia is meddling in our elections, China controls a vast amount of America’s wealth, Saudi Arabia just straight up bribes the President and Israel…
Not only that but Netanyahu can bypass the President and talk straight to Congress imagine if any other world leader tried that.
美国是目前唯一一个极力否认气候变化的国家，以至于它是唯一一个没有加入《巴黎气候协定》的国家。
美国在国际舞台上已经失去了自己的地位，现在各国的政客们像秃鹰一样盘旋着，准备分食这具尸体... 俄罗斯正在干预我们的选举，中国控制着美国的大量财富，沙特阿拉伯直接向总统和以色列行贿...
不仅如此，内塔尼亚胡还可以绕过总统，直接与国会对话，想象一下如果其他国家的领导人也这么做的话。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The US has lost its respect on the global stage and currently nations are circling politicians like vultures getting ready to pick the carcass… Russia is meddling in our elections, China controls a vast amount of America’s wealth, Saudi Arabia just straight up bribes the President and Israel…
Not only that but Netanyahu can bypass the President and talk straight to Congress imagine if any other world leader tried that.
美国是目前唯一一个极力否认气候变化的国家，以至于它是唯一一个没有加入《巴黎气候协定》的国家。
美国在国际舞台上已经失去了自己的地位，现在各国的政客们像秃鹰一样盘旋着，准备分食这具尸体... 俄罗斯正在干预我们的选举，中国控制着美国的大量财富，沙特阿拉伯直接向总统和以色列行贿...
不仅如此，内塔尼亚胡还可以绕过总统，直接与国会对话，想象一下如果其他国家的领导人也这么做的话。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The rest of the world just shakes their head when looking at the US, it is either a puppet to play with or a nation to be pitied. We just happen to have a huge military and some nukes.
Strength is not just measured in raw power, but also in character, respect, and intelligence…
The US lacks three of those.
So what country once was powerful but now is weak?
世界其他国家在看到美国时只是摇摇头，它要么是一个可以玩弄的傀儡，要么是一个值得同情的国家。我们只是碰巧有一支庞大的军队和一些核武器。
力量不仅仅体现在原始的力量上，还体现在性格、尊重和智慧上...
而美国缺少其中的三个。
那么，你说哪个国家曾经强大，但现在没落呢？
Strength is not just measured in raw power, but also in character, respect, and intelligence…
The US lacks three of those.
So what country once was powerful but now is weak?
世界其他国家在看到美国时只是摇摇头，它要么是一个可以玩弄的傀儡，要么是一个值得同情的国家。我们只是碰巧有一支庞大的军队和一些核武器。
力量不仅仅体现在原始的力量上，还体现在性格、尊重和智慧上...
而美国缺少其中的三个。
那么，你说哪个国家曾经强大，但现在没落呢？
Alex Wineburg
Vatican City.
While the Vatican today may be the world’s smallest country with limited power in the UN, back in its heyday as the Papal States, most of Europe’s kings had to submit to its authority.
The Papal States were centered in Rome with the Pope as its leader.
What made the Papal States so powerful was that in medi Europe the Catholic Church and their practices were an integral part of everyday life for the kingdoms that followed the Roman Catholic faith.
Aspects such as literature, art, and even time was in the power of the Church.
Everyone from the poorest of peasants to the richest of kings paid the Tithes, a tax that was one tenth of annual produce or earnings, for the support of the church and clergy.
【回答】
梵蒂冈城。
虽然今天的梵蒂冈可能是世界上最小的国家，在联合国的权力有限，但回到它作为教皇国的鼎盛时期，大多数欧洲的国王不得不屈从于它的权威。
教皇国以教皇为领袖，以罗马为中心。
教皇国之所以如此强大，是因为在中世纪的欧洲，天主教会及其实践是遵循罗马天主教信仰的王国日常生活不可分割的一部分。
诸如文学、艺术、甚至时间等方面都受到教会的支配。
从最贫穷的农民到最富有的国王，每个人都缴纳十分之一的税，即每年产出或收入的十分之一，以支持教会和神职人员。
Vatican City.
While the Vatican today may be the world’s smallest country with limited power in the UN, back in its heyday as the Papal States, most of Europe’s kings had to submit to its authority.
The Papal States were centered in Rome with the Pope as its leader.
What made the Papal States so powerful was that in medi Europe the Catholic Church and their practices were an integral part of everyday life for the kingdoms that followed the Roman Catholic faith.
Aspects such as literature, art, and even time was in the power of the Church.
Everyone from the poorest of peasants to the richest of kings paid the Tithes, a tax that was one tenth of annual produce or earnings, for the support of the church and clergy.
【回答】
梵蒂冈城。
虽然今天的梵蒂冈可能是世界上最小的国家，在联合国的权力有限，但回到它作为教皇国的鼎盛时期，大多数欧洲的国王不得不屈从于它的权威。
教皇国以教皇为领袖，以罗马为中心。
教皇国之所以如此强大，是因为在中世纪的欧洲，天主教会及其实践是遵循罗马天主教信仰的王国日常生活不可分割的一部分。
诸如文学、艺术、甚至时间等方面都受到教会的支配。
从最贫穷的农民到最富有的国王，每个人都缴纳十分之一的税，即每年产出或收入的十分之一，以支持教会和神职人员。
All Catholic Kings had to submit to the Pope, or be excommunicated.
Being excommunicated from the church meant you were cut off from society. You could not in church, participate in marriages, be buried (or have other family members buried) in the graveyard, or participate in the numerous Christian feasts and festivals scattered throughout the year, and so forth.
To be excommunicated was to be a pariah. This was probably as dire threat as any spiritual ones.
Not to mention that the Pope had the power to call Crusades, not just to take the Holy Land, but also against Pagans and so -called Heretics as well.
所有的天主教国王都必须服从教皇，否则就会被逐出教会。
被逐出教会意味着与社会隔绝。你不能在教堂参加婚礼，不能埋葬(或埋葬其他家庭成员)在墓地，或不能参加无数的基督教节日等等。
被逐出教会就是一个贱民。这可能和任何精神上的威胁一样可怕。
更不用说教皇有权号召十字军东征，不仅要占领圣地，还要打击异教徒和所谓的异教徒。
Being excommunicated from the church meant you were cut off from society. You could not in church, participate in marriages, be buried (or have other family members buried) in the graveyard, or participate in the numerous Christian feasts and festivals scattered throughout the year, and so forth.
To be excommunicated was to be a pariah. This was probably as dire threat as any spiritual ones.
Not to mention that the Pope had the power to call Crusades, not just to take the Holy Land, but also against Pagans and so -called Heretics as well.
所有的天主教国王都必须服从教皇，否则就会被逐出教会。
被逐出教会意味着与社会隔绝。你不能在教堂参加婚礼，不能埋葬(或埋葬其他家庭成员)在墓地，或不能参加无数的基督教节日等等。
被逐出教会就是一个贱民。这可能和任何精神上的威胁一样可怕。
更不用说教皇有权号召十字军东征，不仅要占领圣地，还要打击异教徒和所谓的异教徒。
What made the Pope, and the Papal States to decline was from many factors.
First, as the Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population with the Church being unable to stop it, doubt began to be sowed in the common people.
Second, as increasingly corrupt officials were able to bribe their way into the papacy, to the point of Pope Alexander VI having orgies in the Vatican itself, the reputation as God’s messenger began to fade.
Third, with the Protestant Reformation splitting the Catholic world into two, the power of the papacy had diminished.
Lastly, as the Enlightenment began, and more liberal governments came to Europe and elsewhere, a separation of Church and State came with free thinking and new developments in Science taking over religion’s legitimacy in how the world worked.
导致教皇和教皇国衰落的原因是多方面的。
第一，由于黑死病杀死了欧洲三分之一的人口，教会无法阻止蔓延，怀疑的种子开始播撒在普通人身上。
第二，随着越来越多的腐败官员能够通过贿赂进入教皇职位，以至于亚历山大六世在梵蒂冈大肆狂欢，作为上帝使者的名声开始褪色。
第三，随着新教改革将天主教世界一分为二，教皇的权力减弱了。
最后，随着启蒙运动的开始，以及更加自由的政府出现在欧洲和其他地方，教会和国家的分离伴随着自由思想和科学的新发展，取代了宗教在世界运作中的合法性。
First, as the Black Death killed 1/3 of Europe’s population with the Church being unable to stop it, doubt began to be sowed in the common people.
Second, as increasingly corrupt officials were able to bribe their way into the papacy, to the point of Pope Alexander VI having orgies in the Vatican itself, the reputation as God’s messenger began to fade.
Third, with the Protestant Reformation splitting the Catholic world into two, the power of the papacy had diminished.
Lastly, as the Enlightenment began, and more liberal governments came to Europe and elsewhere, a separation of Church and State came with free thinking and new developments in Science taking over religion’s legitimacy in how the world worked.
导致教皇和教皇国衰落的原因是多方面的。
第一，由于黑死病杀死了欧洲三分之一的人口，教会无法阻止蔓延，怀疑的种子开始播撒在普通人身上。
第二，随着越来越多的腐败官员能够通过贿赂进入教皇职位，以至于亚历山大六世在梵蒂冈大肆狂欢，作为上帝使者的名声开始褪色。
第三，随着新教改革将天主教世界一分为二，教皇的权力减弱了。
最后，随着启蒙运动的开始，以及更加自由的政府出现在欧洲和其他地方，教会和国家的分离伴随着自由思想和科学的新发展，取代了宗教在世界运作中的合法性。
So after all these events, when Italy was finally unified in 1870 with the capture of Rome, all that was left of the Papal States was the Vatican City.
Today, the Vatican is the world’s smallest nation with a population of 800, with only 450 having citizenship.
Even though the Vatican is a fully recognized country, it has limited power in the UN as an observer state.
So while the Pope may be an influential figure today, he doesn't compare with the power of Popes of the Middle Ages.
因此，经历了所有这些事件之后，意大利最终在1870年统一并占领了罗马，教皇国留下的只有梵蒂冈城了。
今天，梵蒂冈是世界上最小的国家，800的人口，只有450人拥有公民身份。
尽管梵蒂冈是一个得到充分承认的国家，但作为观察员国，它在联合国的权力有限。
因此，虽然教皇在今天可能是一个有影响力的人物，但他的权利不能与中世纪的教皇相提并论。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Today, the Vatican is the world’s smallest nation with a population of 800, with only 450 having citizenship.
Even though the Vatican is a fully recognized country, it has limited power in the UN as an observer state.
So while the Pope may be an influential figure today, he doesn't compare with the power of Popes of the Middle Ages.
因此，经历了所有这些事件之后，意大利最终在1870年统一并占领了罗马，教皇国留下的只有梵蒂冈城了。
今天，梵蒂冈是世界上最小的国家，800的人口，只有450人拥有公民身份。
尽管梵蒂冈是一个得到充分承认的国家，但作为观察员国，它在联合国的权力有限。
因此，虽然教皇在今天可能是一个有影响力的人物，但他的权利不能与中世纪的教皇相提并论。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Sean Carlos
The 4 most powerful nations in the past but no longer are anymore
1 - The British Empire
The British Empire was a massive multi-continental Empire that stretched from Canada to New Zealand, had the second largest population (China was still #1).
Over time it didn’t lose territories, they gradually increased their expansion of territories worldwide especially India and Africa, but after World War II most of them were given independence due to decolonization efforts by the UN.
Nowadays the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is still a force to not be reckon with as it has a permanent seat in the Security Council which is nice way to say it’s still a formidable power.
2 - The Spanish Empire
【回答】
过去四个最强大的国家，但现在不是了
1- 大英帝国
大英帝国是一个庞大的多大陆帝国，从加拿大一直延伸到新西兰，拥有第二大人口(中国仍然是第一)。
随着时间的推移，它并没有失去领土，他们逐渐扩张了世界范围内的领土，特别是印度和非洲，但是在第二次世界大战之后，由于联合国的非殖民化努力，大部分地区都获得了独立。
如今，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国仍然是一股不可小觑的力量，因为它在安全理事会中拥有常任理事国的席位，这可以很好地说它仍然是一股强大的力量。
2- 西班牙帝国
The 4 most powerful nations in the past but no longer are anymore
1 - The British Empire
The British Empire was a massive multi-continental Empire that stretched from Canada to New Zealand, had the second largest population (China was still #1).
Over time it didn’t lose territories, they gradually increased their expansion of territories worldwide especially India and Africa, but after World War II most of them were given independence due to decolonization efforts by the UN.
Nowadays the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is still a force to not be reckon with as it has a permanent seat in the Security Council which is nice way to say it’s still a formidable power.
2 - The Spanish Empire
【回答】
过去四个最强大的国家，但现在不是了
1- 大英帝国
大英帝国是一个庞大的多大陆帝国，从加拿大一直延伸到新西兰，拥有第二大人口(中国仍然是第一)。
随着时间的推移，它并没有失去领土，他们逐渐扩张了世界范围内的领土，特别是印度和非洲，但是在第二次世界大战之后，由于联合国的非殖民化努力，大部分地区都获得了独立。
如今，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国仍然是一股不可小觑的力量，因为它在安全理事会中拥有常任理事国的席位，这可以很好地说它仍然是一股强大的力量。
2- 西班牙帝国
The Spanish Empire was one of the first Global Empires in history that reached from Spain to the Philippines, it lost territories during the 1600s to 1800s (losing Naples, Sicily and their Holy Roman Territories that were given to Austria and Savoy).
Now then in the 1800s they pretty much lost almost their entire American Colonies due to Latin Wars of Independence, a famous example is the Mexican War of Independence during the 1810s.
Now then they fully lost their Asian and American colonies in the Spanish-American War (they sold their East Indies Islands to Germany in 1899 Purchase).
3 - The Ottoman Empire (Turkish Empire)
The Ottoman Empire was a large Muslim Empire that stretched to the ends of Mesopotamia to the far west of Algeria. They were a powerful state during the 1400s to 1700s till they gradually started to decline like the Spanish.
西班牙帝国是历史上第一个从西班牙延伸到菲律宾的全球帝国之一，在17世纪到19世纪失去了领土(失去了那不勒斯、西西里和他们的神圣罗马领土，这些领土交给了奥地利和萨沃伊)。
到了19世纪，由于拉丁美洲的独立战争，他们几乎失去了整个美洲殖民地，一个著名的例子就是19世纪10年代的墨西哥独立战争。
现在，他们在美西战争中完全失去了他们在亚洲和美洲的殖民地(他们在1899年把东印度群岛卖给德国)。
3- 奥斯曼帝国（土耳其帝国）
奥斯曼帝国是一个庞大的穆斯林帝国，一直延伸到美索不达米亚的尽头，和最西边的阿尔及利亚。在15世纪到18世纪，他们是一个强大的国家，直到他们逐渐开始像西班牙人一样衰落。
Now then in the 1800s they pretty much lost almost their entire American Colonies due to Latin Wars of Independence, a famous example is the Mexican War of Independence during the 1810s.
Now then they fully lost their Asian and American colonies in the Spanish-American War (they sold their East Indies Islands to Germany in 1899 Purchase).
3 - The Ottoman Empire (Turkish Empire)
The Ottoman Empire was a large Muslim Empire that stretched to the ends of Mesopotamia to the far west of Algeria. They were a powerful state during the 1400s to 1700s till they gradually started to decline like the Spanish.
西班牙帝国是历史上第一个从西班牙延伸到菲律宾的全球帝国之一，在17世纪到19世纪失去了领土(失去了那不勒斯、西西里和他们的神圣罗马领土，这些领土交给了奥地利和萨沃伊)。
到了19世纪，由于拉丁美洲的独立战争，他们几乎失去了整个美洲殖民地，一个著名的例子就是19世纪10年代的墨西哥独立战争。
现在，他们在美西战争中完全失去了他们在亚洲和美洲的殖民地(他们在1899年把东印度群岛卖给德国)。
3- 奥斯曼帝国（土耳其帝国）
奥斯曼帝国是一个庞大的穆斯林帝国，一直延伸到美索不达米亚的尽头，和最西边的阿尔及利亚。在15世纪到18世纪，他们是一个强大的国家，直到他们逐渐开始像西班牙人一样衰落。
They were very powerful back in the past due to their standing armies and elite Janissary units that made the Ottoman Army look fearsome, they defeated numerous Christian Nations like the Byzantine Empire, Kingdom of Hungary and Principality of Wallachia, majority of them were annexed by the Ottomans, some of the few were made as vassals like Wallachia.
Then in 1900s they were defeated by the Entente (Allied) powers which tried to partition Turkey after defeating them, but this man named Ataturk would not let that happen and has founded Modern Day, Republic of Turkey.
他们在过去非常强大，因为他们的常备军和精锐部队让奥斯曼军队看起来可怕，他们击败了无数的基督教国家，如拜占庭帝国，匈牙利王国和瓦拉吉亚公国，他们中的大多数被奥斯曼人吞并，少数成为诸如瓦拉吉亚的附庸。
后来在20世纪，他们被协约国击败，协约国在击败他们之后试图瓜分土耳其，但是有个名叫阿塔图尔克的人不允许这种事情发生，他建立了现代土耳其共和国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Then in 1900s they were defeated by the Entente (Allied) powers which tried to partition Turkey after defeating them, but this man named Ataturk would not let that happen and has founded Modern Day, Republic of Turkey.
他们在过去非常强大，因为他们的常备军和精锐部队让奥斯曼军队看起来可怕，他们击败了无数的基督教国家，如拜占庭帝国，匈牙利王国和瓦拉吉亚公国，他们中的大多数被奥斯曼人吞并，少数成为诸如瓦拉吉亚的附庸。
后来在20世纪，他们被协约国击败，协约国在击败他们之后试图瓜分土耳其，但是有个名叫阿塔图尔克的人不允许这种事情发生，他建立了现代土耳其共和国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Rui Zhang I have researched history for 20 years.
1、Greece
The Greeks today are no longer descendants of the Greeks of the classical era. Greece is deeply mired in the European debt crisis, cultural faults have emerged, and it no longer produces great philosophers, artists, and politicians. It is no longer a regional power.
2、England
Britain was the first industrialized country in the world. It first completed the industrial revolution and its national strength grew rapidly. From the 18th century to the early 20th century, the territory under British rule spanned seven continents around the world. It was the most powerful country in the world at that time, known as the "Sunless Empire". At its peak, the ruling area reached about 34 million square kilometers, accounting for about a quarter of the earth's land. It has dominated the world order for a century.
【回答】我研究历史已经20年了。
1、希腊
今天的希腊人不再是古希腊时代希腊人的后裔。希腊深陷欧洲债务危机的泥潭，文化断层已经浮现，伟大的哲学家、艺术家和政治家也不再出现。它已不再是一个地区强国了。
2、英国
英国是世界上第一个工业化国家。它第一次完成了工业革命，国力迅速增长。从18世纪到20世纪初，英国统治下的领土横跨世界七大洲。它是当时世界上最强大的国家，被称为“日不落帝国”。在其鼎盛时期，统治面积达到3400万平方公里，约占地球陆地面积的四分之一。它主宰世界秩序一个世纪之久。
1、Greece
The Greeks today are no longer descendants of the Greeks of the classical era. Greece is deeply mired in the European debt crisis, cultural faults have emerged, and it no longer produces great philosophers, artists, and politicians. It is no longer a regional power.
2、England
Britain was the first industrialized country in the world. It first completed the industrial revolution and its national strength grew rapidly. From the 18th century to the early 20th century, the territory under British rule spanned seven continents around the world. It was the most powerful country in the world at that time, known as the "Sunless Empire". At its peak, the ruling area reached about 34 million square kilometers, accounting for about a quarter of the earth's land. It has dominated the world order for a century.
【回答】我研究历史已经20年了。
1、希腊
今天的希腊人不再是古希腊时代希腊人的后裔。希腊深陷欧洲债务危机的泥潭，文化断层已经浮现，伟大的哲学家、艺术家和政治家也不再出现。它已不再是一个地区强国了。
2、英国
英国是世界上第一个工业化国家。它第一次完成了工业革命，国力迅速增长。从18世纪到20世纪初，英国统治下的领土横跨世界七大洲。它是当时世界上最强大的国家，被称为“日不落帝国”。在其鼎盛时期，统治面积达到3400万平方公里，约占地球陆地面积的四分之一。它主宰世界秩序一个世纪之久。
Although Britain achieved victory in both world wars, its national strength was severely damaged. However, as Canada, India, Australia, South Africa, etc. have successively achieved the status of dominion, the British Empire is no longer glorious and gradually transformed into the British Commonwealth, but the British Commonwealth has limited binding power. Britain is now just the 240,000 square kilometer site on the British Isles.By the disintegration of the British Empire in the second half of the 20th century, the status of the capitalist world hegemony was replaced by the United States. From the non-sunset empire to the return to the island country, the British actual control area lost about 99%.
3、Austria
虽然英国在两次世界大战中都取得了胜利，但其国力却遭到严重的损害。然而，随着加拿大、印度、澳大利亚、南非等国先后取得自治权，大英帝国不再辉煌，逐渐转变为英联邦，但英联邦的约束力有限。20世纪下半叶，随着大英帝国的解体，资本主义世界霸权的地位被美国所取代。从日不落帝国到回归岛国，英国实际控制面积损失了约99% 。
3、奥地利
3、Austria
虽然英国在两次世界大战中都取得了胜利，但其国力却遭到严重的损害。然而，随着加拿大、印度、澳大利亚、南非等国先后取得自治权，大英帝国不再辉煌，逐渐转变为英联邦，但英联邦的约束力有限。20世纪下半叶，随着大英帝国的解体，资本主义世界霸权的地位被美国所取代。从日不落帝国到回归岛国，英国实际控制面积损失了约99% 。
3、奥地利
Austria was one of the European powers from the beginning of the Middle Ages to the end of World War I, and it was the seat of the Habsburg dynasty that ruled Central Europe for 650 years. Vienna, the capital of Austria, is a destination that many "entertainment" people yearn for-because there is a golden hall where they can stand out. Austria not only has golden Vienna, but also the cruelty of imperialism. At that time, Austria was a member of the Eight-Power Allied Forces invading China, one of the world's eight great powers, the master of the Holy Roman Empire, and the spokesperson of continental Europe.
But after two world wars, Austrian territories suffered heavy losses. The Austrian empire changed from a nominally European emperor to a small landlocked country that retained only the capital Vienna and surrounding states. In total, Austria has lost more than 80% of its territory.
从中世纪开始到第一次世界大战结束，奥地利是欧洲强国之一，是统治中欧650年的哈布斯堡王朝的所在地。奥地利首都维也纳是许多“娱乐”人士向往的目的地——因为那里有一个金色的大厅，他们在那里可以引人注目。奥地利不仅有金色的维也纳，还有帝国主义的残酷。当时，奥地利是入侵中国的八国联军成员，是世界八大强国之一，是神圣罗马帝国的主人，是欧洲大陆的代言人。
但在两次世界大战之后，奥地利领土损失惨重。奥地利帝国从一个名义上的欧洲皇帝变成了一个小内陆国家，只保留了首都维也纳和周边国家。奥地利总共失去了超过80%的领土。
But after two world wars, Austrian territories suffered heavy losses. The Austrian empire changed from a nominally European emperor to a small landlocked country that retained only the capital Vienna and surrounding states. In total, Austria has lost more than 80% of its territory.
从中世纪开始到第一次世界大战结束，奥地利是欧洲强国之一，是统治中欧650年的哈布斯堡王朝的所在地。奥地利首都维也纳是许多“娱乐”人士向往的目的地——因为那里有一个金色的大厅，他们在那里可以引人注目。奥地利不仅有金色的维也纳，还有帝国主义的残酷。当时，奥地利是入侵中国的八国联军成员，是世界八大强国之一，是神圣罗马帝国的主人，是欧洲大陆的代言人。
但在两次世界大战之后，奥地利领土损失惨重。奥地利帝国从一个名义上的欧洲皇帝变成了一个小内陆国家，只保留了首都维也纳和周边国家。奥地利总共失去了超过80%的领土。
4、Turkey
The founder of Turkey was Ottoman, so it was also called the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century. At its heyday, the forces reached three continents in Asia, Europe and Africa, and they occupied most of the territories of southeastern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula, and north of Hungary and Slovenia. Turkey was an important power in the Mediterranean region from the 15th to the 19th centuries, and in the 16th to 17th centuries, Spain, France, and Austria were among the strongest countries in the region.
However, this glory is hard to last. Turkey lost to the Allies in World War I and the country split.
5、Mexico
Mexico is one of the centers of ancient civilizations of Indians on the American continent. The world-famous Mayan culture, Toltec culture, and Aztec culture are all created by ancient Indians in Mexico. The Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon, built in the north of Mexico City in BC, are representative of this splendid ancient culture. The ancient city of Teotihuacan, where the Sun Pyramid and the Moon Pyramid are located, was declared a common heritage of mankind by UNESCO. After the American Independence Movement, Mexico was a well-deserved power in the Western Hemisphere, even larger than the United States. But all this came to an abrupt halt after the westward expansion of the United States. The US-Mexico war was the beginning of all this bad luck. The war was fought from 1846 to 1848. The cause of the war stemmed from a few things. The main cause were political tensions regarding the independence of the Republic of Texas (now the state of Texas), Mexico’s unwillingness to accept Texas’s sovereignty, and U.S President Polk’s expansionist policies.
4、土耳其
土耳其的缔造者是奥斯曼帝国，所以在17世纪也被称为奥斯曼帝国。在其鼎盛时期，军队遍布亚洲、欧洲和非洲，占领了欧洲东南部和中东巴尔干半岛的大部分领土，以及匈牙利和斯洛文尼亚的北部。从15世纪到19世纪，土耳其是地中海地区的重要强国，在16世纪到17世纪，西班牙、法国和奥地利是该地区最强大的国家之一。
然而，这种荣耀很难持续下去。土耳其在第一次世界大战中输给了协约国，国家分裂。
5、墨西哥
墨西哥是美洲大陆上印第安人古老文明的中心之一。举世闻名的玛雅文化、托尔特克文化和阿兹特克文化都是由墨西哥的古印第安人创造的。太阳金字塔和月亮金字塔，建于公元前的墨西哥城北部，是这一辉煌的古代文化的代表。太阳金字塔和月亮金字塔所在的特奥蒂瓦坎古城被联合国教科文组织宣布为人类的共同遗产。在美国独立运动之后，墨西哥是西半球当之无愧的大国，甚至比美国还要大。但是，在美国向西部扩张之后，这一切都戛然而止了。美墨战争是这一切厄运的开始。这场战争从1846年打到1848年。这场战争的起因有几个。主要原因是德克萨斯共和国(现在的德克萨斯州)独立引起的政治紧张，墨西哥不愿接受德克萨斯的主权，以及美国总统波尔克的扩张主义政策。
The founder of Turkey was Ottoman, so it was also called the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century. At its heyday, the forces reached three continents in Asia, Europe and Africa, and they occupied most of the territories of southeastern Europe and the Balkan Peninsula, and north of Hungary and Slovenia. Turkey was an important power in the Mediterranean region from the 15th to the 19th centuries, and in the 16th to 17th centuries, Spain, France, and Austria were among the strongest countries in the region.
However, this glory is hard to last. Turkey lost to the Allies in World War I and the country split.
5、Mexico
Mexico is one of the centers of ancient civilizations of Indians on the American continent. The world-famous Mayan culture, Toltec culture, and Aztec culture are all created by ancient Indians in Mexico. The Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon, built in the north of Mexico City in BC, are representative of this splendid ancient culture. The ancient city of Teotihuacan, where the Sun Pyramid and the Moon Pyramid are located, was declared a common heritage of mankind by UNESCO. After the American Independence Movement, Mexico was a well-deserved power in the Western Hemisphere, even larger than the United States. But all this came to an abrupt halt after the westward expansion of the United States. The US-Mexico war was the beginning of all this bad luck. The war was fought from 1846 to 1848. The cause of the war stemmed from a few things. The main cause were political tensions regarding the independence of the Republic of Texas (now the state of Texas), Mexico’s unwillingness to accept Texas’s sovereignty, and U.S President Polk’s expansionist policies.
4、土耳其
土耳其的缔造者是奥斯曼帝国，所以在17世纪也被称为奥斯曼帝国。在其鼎盛时期，军队遍布亚洲、欧洲和非洲，占领了欧洲东南部和中东巴尔干半岛的大部分领土，以及匈牙利和斯洛文尼亚的北部。从15世纪到19世纪，土耳其是地中海地区的重要强国，在16世纪到17世纪，西班牙、法国和奥地利是该地区最强大的国家之一。
然而，这种荣耀很难持续下去。土耳其在第一次世界大战中输给了协约国，国家分裂。
5、墨西哥
墨西哥是美洲大陆上印第安人古老文明的中心之一。举世闻名的玛雅文化、托尔特克文化和阿兹特克文化都是由墨西哥的古印第安人创造的。太阳金字塔和月亮金字塔，建于公元前的墨西哥城北部，是这一辉煌的古代文化的代表。太阳金字塔和月亮金字塔所在的特奥蒂瓦坎古城被联合国教科文组织宣布为人类的共同遗产。在美国独立运动之后，墨西哥是西半球当之无愧的大国，甚至比美国还要大。但是，在美国向西部扩张之后，这一切都戛然而止了。美墨战争是这一切厄运的开始。这场战争从1846年打到1848年。这场战争的起因有几个。主要原因是德克萨斯共和国(现在的德克萨斯州)独立引起的政治紧张，墨西哥不愿接受德克萨斯的主权，以及美国总统波尔克的扩张主义政策。
At the end of the war with Mexico, the United States gained large areas that would eventually become California, Arizona, and other large territories to the north of modern-day Mexico, totaling millions of square kilometers. Texas would become the 28th state, and in total, Mexico would lose about 50% of its territory. From the great power of North America, it has retreated to the narrow strip at the southern end of this America.
6、Germany
The ancestors of the Germans were Germans who lived in Central Europe in ancient times. In the 10th century, the Germans established the Holy Roman Empire. The rise of Prussia in the early 18th century, the formation of the German Confederation according to the Vienna Conference in 1815, revolutions broke out in Germany in 1848, Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck led the arduous military and diplomatic struggle, Prussia defeated Austria in the "seven-week war" in 1866 The North German Federation was established the following year, and a unified German Empire was established in 1871. Germany completed the unification with Prussia as the main body. The Germans were also militants, provoking the First World War in 1914, and declared collapse in 1918 due to defeat. In February 1919 Germany established the Weimar Republic. Hitler came to power in 1933 to practice dictatorship. Germany launched the Second World War in 1939.
在与墨西哥的战争结束时，美国获得了大片地区，这些地区最终成为加利福尼亚州、亚利桑那州以及今天墨西哥以北的其他大片地区，总面积达数百万平方公里。德克萨斯州成为美国第28个州，墨西哥总共失去大约50%的领土。从北美的强国，退到了美洲南端的狭长地带。
6、德国
德国人的祖先是古代居住在中欧的日耳曼人。10世纪，日耳曼人建立了神圣罗马帝国。18世纪初普鲁士崛起，1815年根据维也纳会议成立了德意志邦联，1848年德国爆发了革命，普鲁士总理俾斯麦领导了艰苦的军事和外交斗争，1866年普鲁士在“七周战争”中击败了奥地利，次年北德联邦成立，1871年建立了统一的德意志帝国。德国完成了以普鲁士为主体的统一。德国人也是好战分子，在1914年挑起了第一次世界大战，并在1918年因战败而宣告崩溃。1919年2月，德国建立了魏玛共和国。1933年，希特勒上台实行独裁统治。1939年，德国发动了第二次世界大战。
6、Germany
The ancestors of the Germans were Germans who lived in Central Europe in ancient times. In the 10th century, the Germans established the Holy Roman Empire. The rise of Prussia in the early 18th century, the formation of the German Confederation according to the Vienna Conference in 1815, revolutions broke out in Germany in 1848, Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck led the arduous military and diplomatic struggle, Prussia defeated Austria in the "seven-week war" in 1866 The North German Federation was established the following year, and a unified German Empire was established in 1871. Germany completed the unification with Prussia as the main body. The Germans were also militants, provoking the First World War in 1914, and declared collapse in 1918 due to defeat. In February 1919 Germany established the Weimar Republic. Hitler came to power in 1933 to practice dictatorship. Germany launched the Second World War in 1939.
在与墨西哥的战争结束时，美国获得了大片地区，这些地区最终成为加利福尼亚州、亚利桑那州以及今天墨西哥以北的其他大片地区，总面积达数百万平方公里。德克萨斯州成为美国第28个州，墨西哥总共失去大约50%的领土。从北美的强国，退到了美洲南端的狭长地带。
6、德国
德国人的祖先是古代居住在中欧的日耳曼人。10世纪，日耳曼人建立了神圣罗马帝国。18世纪初普鲁士崛起，1815年根据维也纳会议成立了德意志邦联，1848年德国爆发了革命，普鲁士总理俾斯麦领导了艰苦的军事和外交斗争，1866年普鲁士在“七周战争”中击败了奥地利，次年北德联邦成立，1871年建立了统一的德意志帝国。德国完成了以普鲁士为主体的统一。德国人也是好战分子，在1914年挑起了第一次世界大战，并在1918年因战败而宣告崩溃。1919年2月，德国建立了魏玛共和国。1933年，希特勒上台实行独裁统治。1939年，德国发动了第二次世界大战。
Under the attack of the Allies, Germany defeated and surrendered on May 8, 1945. After two world wars, German territory suffered heavy losses. In the west, the disputed German and French states of Alsace and Palin are given to France; in the north, Schleswig is given to Denmark; in the east, all of Silesia, part of Brandenburg, Danzig Freeport, Ceszin and Potsdam were given to Poland.East Prussia was occupied by the Soviet unx, which is now Russia's enclave-Kaliningrad; In total, Germany lost more than 40% of its territory. From the huge German Empire to a small country in Central Europe.
7、The Netherlands
在盟军的进攻下，德国于1945年5月8日战败并投降。两次世界大战后，德国领土遭受了重大损失。在西部，有争议的阿尔萨斯和佩林给了法国，在北部，石勒苏益格给了丹麦，在东部，整个西里西亚，勃兰登堡的一部分，丹泽自由港，塞辛和波茨坦给了波兰。东普鲁士被苏联占领，现在是俄罗斯的飞地，加里宁格勒。总的来说，德国失去了超过40%的领土。从庞大的德意志帝国到中欧的一个小国。
7、荷兰
7、The Netherlands
在盟军的进攻下，德国于1945年5月8日战败并投降。两次世界大战后，德国领土遭受了重大损失。在西部，有争议的阿尔萨斯和佩林给了法国，在北部，石勒苏益格给了丹麦，在东部，整个西里西亚，勃兰登堡的一部分，丹泽自由港，塞辛和波茨坦给了波兰。东普鲁士被苏联占领，现在是俄罗斯的飞地，加里宁格勒。总的来说，德国失去了超过40%的领土。从庞大的德意志帝国到中欧的一个小国。
7、荷兰
For a little while, the Netherlands had one of the largest colonial empires in the world. The Dutch East Indies company was nearly a sovereign power in its own right. But then it was defeated by the British people. Now the Netherlands is a small country.
8、Spain
The geographical discovery and colonial pioneers were later replaced by France, Britain and the Netherlands. The economy is medium in size and the colonial empire is disintegrated. Colonies such as Mexico, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina are independent.
9、Iran
The ancient Persian empire once crossed three continents in Europe, Asia and Africa. The Parthian Empire once fought for power in the Euphrates, Syria and the Roman Empire. Later, Persia declined and the Arabs rose. Today, Iran is only a regional power, but in the face of the siege of Saudi Arabia, Israel, Turkey, and Syria, it is in jeopardy.
有一段时间，荷兰曾是世界上最大的殖民帝国之一。荷属东印度公司本身几乎就是一个主权国家。但后来它被英国人打败了。现在荷兰是一个小国。
8、西班牙
地理发现者和殖民开拓者，后来被法国、英国和荷兰所取代。经济规模中等，殖民帝国瓦解。墨西哥、智利、秘鲁、玻利维亚和阿根廷等殖民地独立。
9、伊朗
古波斯帝国曾经跨越了欧洲、亚洲和非洲三大洲。帕提亚帝国曾经在幼发拉底河、叙利亚和罗马帝国争夺权力。后来，波斯衰落了，阿拉伯人崛起了。今天，伊朗只是一个地区强国，但面对沙特阿拉伯、以色列、土耳其和叙利亚的围困，它处于危险之中。
8、Spain
The geographical discovery and colonial pioneers were later replaced by France, Britain and the Netherlands. The economy is medium in size and the colonial empire is disintegrated. Colonies such as Mexico, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina are independent.
9、Iran
The ancient Persian empire once crossed three continents in Europe, Asia and Africa. The Parthian Empire once fought for power in the Euphrates, Syria and the Roman Empire. Later, Persia declined and the Arabs rose. Today, Iran is only a regional power, but in the face of the siege of Saudi Arabia, Israel, Turkey, and Syria, it is in jeopardy.
有一段时间，荷兰曾是世界上最大的殖民帝国之一。荷属东印度公司本身几乎就是一个主权国家。但后来它被英国人打败了。现在荷兰是一个小国。
8、西班牙
地理发现者和殖民开拓者，后来被法国、英国和荷兰所取代。经济规模中等，殖民帝国瓦解。墨西哥、智利、秘鲁、玻利维亚和阿根廷等殖民地独立。
9、伊朗
古波斯帝国曾经跨越了欧洲、亚洲和非洲三大洲。帕提亚帝国曾经在幼发拉底河、叙利亚和罗马帝国争夺权力。后来，波斯衰落了，阿拉伯人崛起了。今天，伊朗只是一个地区强国，但面对沙特阿拉伯、以色列、土耳其和叙利亚的围困，它处于危险之中。
Mirwais Afghan lives in Sydney, Australia
First one that comes to my mind is Afghanistan.
Most people see it now as a, war-torn nation, but this image of Afghanistan wasn’t always the case for much of history
Afghanistan is located right in the centre of the Asian continent, located between such economic giants as the Middle East, China and India, Afghanistan naturally grew to have a very large economy of its own. It was quite literally the economic centre of the world for a milennia or two:
【回答】住在澳大利亚的悉尼
我首先想到的是阿富汗。
现在大多数人认为阿富汗是一个饱受战争蹂躏的国家，但是这种阿富汗的形象在历史上并不总是如此。
阿富汗位于亚洲大陆的正中央，地处中东、中国和印度等经济大国之间，阿富汗自然而然地发展成为一个非常庞大的经济体。在一两千年的时间里，它确实是世界经济的中心。
First one that comes to my mind is Afghanistan.
Most people see it now as a, war-torn nation, but this image of Afghanistan wasn’t always the case for much of history
Afghanistan is located right in the centre of the Asian continent, located between such economic giants as the Middle East, China and India, Afghanistan naturally grew to have a very large economy of its own. It was quite literally the economic centre of the world for a milennia or two:
【回答】住在澳大利亚的悉尼
我首先想到的是阿富汗。
现在大多数人认为阿富汗是一个饱受战争蹂躏的国家，但是这种阿富汗的形象在历史上并不总是如此。
阿富汗位于亚洲大陆的正中央，地处中东、中国和印度等经济大国之间，阿富汗自然而然地发展成为一个非常庞大的经济体。在一两千年的时间里，它确实是世界经济的中心。
Dylan Owens lives in The United States of America
A lot of people don’t know it, but Spain used to be a global superpower.
They controlled most of what’s now the US, all of Mexico and Central America, and half of South America. They also controlled the Philippines, some of Italy, and a whole slew of little islands. They were also given a small part of Africa at the Berlin Conference.
In the 16th and 17th Century, Spain was the most powerful empire on Earth. Their navy took a hit when the Spanish Armada was defeated trying to take over England, but they were still very powerful. For 200 years the Spanish Empire was the global superpower. Their massive amount of land in the New World made them rich.
They fought the British Empire several times, and even destroyed the largest British fleet ever assembled other than the battle of Normandy.
【回答】住在美国
很多人不知道，西班牙曾经是一个全球超级大国。
他们控制了现在美国的大部分地区，整个墨西哥和中美洲，以及半个南美洲。他们还控制了菲律宾，意大利的一些地区，以及大量的小岛。在柏林会议上，他们还得到了非洲的一小部分。
在16和17世纪，西班牙是世界上最强大的帝国。当西班牙无敌舰队试图占领英格兰时，虽然他们的海军遭受重创，但他们仍然非常强大。两百年来，西班牙帝国一直是全球超级大国。他们在新大陆大量的土地使他们富有。
他们曾和大英帝国打过几次仗，甚至摧毁了除诺曼底战役之外集结的最大的英国舰队。
A lot of people don’t know it, but Spain used to be a global superpower.
They controlled most of what’s now the US, all of Mexico and Central America, and half of South America. They also controlled the Philippines, some of Italy, and a whole slew of little islands. They were also given a small part of Africa at the Berlin Conference.
In the 16th and 17th Century, Spain was the most powerful empire on Earth. Their navy took a hit when the Spanish Armada was defeated trying to take over England, but they were still very powerful. For 200 years the Spanish Empire was the global superpower. Their massive amount of land in the New World made them rich.
They fought the British Empire several times, and even destroyed the largest British fleet ever assembled other than the battle of Normandy.
【回答】住在美国
很多人不知道，西班牙曾经是一个全球超级大国。
他们控制了现在美国的大部分地区，整个墨西哥和中美洲，以及半个南美洲。他们还控制了菲律宾，意大利的一些地区，以及大量的小岛。在柏林会议上，他们还得到了非洲的一小部分。
在16和17世纪，西班牙是世界上最强大的帝国。当西班牙无敌舰队试图占领英格兰时，虽然他们的海军遭受重创，但他们仍然非常强大。两百年来，西班牙帝国一直是全球超级大国。他们在新大陆大量的土地使他们富有。
他们曾和大英帝国打过几次仗，甚至摧毁了除诺曼底战役之外集结的最大的英国舰队。
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