为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷？（上）
正文翻译
Why do most poor people remain poor?
为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷？
Why do most poor people remain poor?
为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷？
评论翻译
Soul Goodman, former Business consultant (2018-2019)
The BBC’s documentary The Up Series recorded a phenomenon: the children who had wealthy family became affluent, and the children who had poor parents became the poor, except the two who finished high-end doctoral degree. In another word, both wealth and poverty can inherit.
英国广播公司的纪录片《UP》系列记录了一个现象：富裕家庭出生的孩子依然富有，贫穷家庭出生的孩子除了两个孩子因获得博士学位变富外其余依然贫穷。换句话说，财富和贫穷都可以“继承”。
The BBC’s documentary The Up Series recorded a phenomenon: the children who had wealthy family became affluent, and the children who had poor parents became the poor, except the two who finished high-end doctoral degree. In another word, both wealth and poverty can inherit.
英国广播公司的纪录片《UP》系列记录了一个现象：富裕家庭出生的孩子依然富有，贫穷家庭出生的孩子除了两个孩子因获得博士学位变富外其余依然贫穷。换句话说，财富和贫穷都可以“继承”。
The poverty origin: thinking mode
The first dilemma faces to the poor is the limitation of thinking. The American economist Sendhil Mullainathan and psychologist Shafir discovered that the reason why most of the poor stayed in poverty was derive not from lazy, but from the “scarcity mindset”. They are easily to ignore the more important things if they care the money too much. The scarcity of physical resources trap people’s brain and obstruct their cognition. People’s view will become narrower along with the scarcity mindset, and shape limited outlook eventually. As a result, they are only able to see a few things via their limited views, and ignore the events occur outside their cognitions.
India has a prosperous koyambedu vegetable market. Its dealers restock inventories via borrowing 1000 rupees from affluent every day. They will take back 1100 rupees after selling products. After that, they will payback affluent 1050 rupees and only earn 50 rupees for themselves. In fact, according to compound interest law, these dealers would have been able to stop borrowing money from affluent if they save 5 rupees daily, lasting for 50 days. After that, their income will considerately increases. Wealth isn’t closer than now, but all dealers still insist to borrow money from wealth and pay 50-rupee daily interests. Time goes by, the wealth become richer and richer without work; and the poor still live in slum with hard-working routines. According to Sendhil Mullainathan, “the poor who stay in long-term scarcity will consume much attentions by scarcity mindset. Their judgement and cognition are curbed since they much concentrate on present issues and no leftover attention to consider the long-term investment and sustainable development.”
The scarcity mindset will result in serious poor foresight, and make people only see present benefits. They may only find a job to payout their credit card statements, and try best to work overtime; however, they still lack long-term career plans and effective self-improvement strategies, say nothing of managing incomes and conduct valid financial investments.
贫困根源：思维方式
穷人面临的第一个困境是思维的局限性。美国经济学家森德希尔·穆莱纳坦(Sendhil Mullainathan)和心理学家沙菲尔(Shafir)发现，大多数穷人之所以生活在贫困之中，不是因为懒惰，而是因为“稀缺心态”。如果他们太在乎钱，他们很容易忽视更重要的事情。物质资源的匮乏困住了人们的大脑，阻碍了他们的认知。随着稀缺心态的形成，人们的视野会越来越窄，最终形成有限的视野。因此，他们只能通过有限的视角看到一些事情，而忽略了那些在他们认知之外发生的事件。
印度有一个繁荣的koyambedu蔬菜市场。它的经销商通过每天向富人借1000卢比来补充库存。他们出售产品后将收回1100卢比。于是他们偿还1050卢比，自己只赚50卢比。事实上，根据复利法，如果这些交易商每天节省5卢比，持续50天，他们就可以停止向富人借钱。在那之后，他们的收入将大幅度增加。财富将超出现在很多，但所有交易商仍坚持借钱，并支付50卢比的日利息。随着时间的推移，富人无需工作，也变得越来越富有；而穷人仍然生活在贫民窟里，过着勤劳的生活。Sendhil Mullainathan认为，“长期处于稀缺状态的穷人会因稀缺心态而消耗大量注意力。他们的判断力和认知受到了限制，因为他们非常关注当前的问题，从不考虑长期投资和可持续发展。”
稀缺心态会导致严重缺乏预见性，使人们只看到眼前的利益。他们可能只会找一份支付信用卡账单的工作，尽量加班；然而，他们仍然缺乏长期的职业规划和有效的自我提升策略，更不用说管理收入和进行有效的金融投资了。
The first dilemma faces to the poor is the limitation of thinking. The American economist Sendhil Mullainathan and psychologist Shafir discovered that the reason why most of the poor stayed in poverty was derive not from lazy, but from the “scarcity mindset”. They are easily to ignore the more important things if they care the money too much. The scarcity of physical resources trap people’s brain and obstruct their cognition. People’s view will become narrower along with the scarcity mindset, and shape limited outlook eventually. As a result, they are only able to see a few things via their limited views, and ignore the events occur outside their cognitions.
India has a prosperous koyambedu vegetable market. Its dealers restock inventories via borrowing 1000 rupees from affluent every day. They will take back 1100 rupees after selling products. After that, they will payback affluent 1050 rupees and only earn 50 rupees for themselves. In fact, according to compound interest law, these dealers would have been able to stop borrowing money from affluent if they save 5 rupees daily, lasting for 50 days. After that, their income will considerately increases. Wealth isn’t closer than now, but all dealers still insist to borrow money from wealth and pay 50-rupee daily interests. Time goes by, the wealth become richer and richer without work; and the poor still live in slum with hard-working routines. According to Sendhil Mullainathan, “the poor who stay in long-term scarcity will consume much attentions by scarcity mindset. Their judgement and cognition are curbed since they much concentrate on present issues and no leftover attention to consider the long-term investment and sustainable development.”
The scarcity mindset will result in serious poor foresight, and make people only see present benefits. They may only find a job to payout their credit card statements, and try best to work overtime; however, they still lack long-term career plans and effective self-improvement strategies, say nothing of managing incomes and conduct valid financial investments.
贫困根源：思维方式
穷人面临的第一个困境是思维的局限性。美国经济学家森德希尔·穆莱纳坦(Sendhil Mullainathan)和心理学家沙菲尔(Shafir)发现，大多数穷人之所以生活在贫困之中，不是因为懒惰，而是因为“稀缺心态”。如果他们太在乎钱，他们很容易忽视更重要的事情。物质资源的匮乏困住了人们的大脑，阻碍了他们的认知。随着稀缺心态的形成，人们的视野会越来越窄，最终形成有限的视野。因此，他们只能通过有限的视角看到一些事情，而忽略了那些在他们认知之外发生的事件。
印度有一个繁荣的koyambedu蔬菜市场。它的经销商通过每天向富人借1000卢比来补充库存。他们出售产品后将收回1100卢比。于是他们偿还1050卢比，自己只赚50卢比。事实上，根据复利法，如果这些交易商每天节省5卢比，持续50天，他们就可以停止向富人借钱。在那之后，他们的收入将大幅度增加。财富将超出现在很多，但所有交易商仍坚持借钱，并支付50卢比的日利息。随着时间的推移，富人无需工作，也变得越来越富有；而穷人仍然生活在贫民窟里，过着勤劳的生活。Sendhil Mullainathan认为，“长期处于稀缺状态的穷人会因稀缺心态而消耗大量注意力。他们的判断力和认知受到了限制，因为他们非常关注当前的问题，从不考虑长期投资和可持续发展。”
稀缺心态会导致严重缺乏预见性，使人们只看到眼前的利益。他们可能只会找一份支付信用卡账单的工作，尽量加班；然而，他们仍然缺乏长期的职业规划和有效的自我提升策略，更不用说管理收入和进行有效的金融投资了。
The poverty origin: trap of “rat race”
There is a famous question on social media: why do abundance of young wealth state “money comes from earning rather than saving”, but Warren Buffet and Charlie Munger still recommend frugal lifestyle?
The rich enjoy life after becoming rich; however, the poor enjoy life before becoming rich.” The story of rat race is that: Rats are running on the reel, but they don’t know the faster they run, the faster of the reel rotate. These rats have to stop after running out of energy.
The underlying reason why the poor away from financial freedom is they locate in the trap of “rat race”.
The older you are, the higher income you own, and, concurrently, the larger desires you will have. You will face more complex life issues and higher-degree family responsibility, and, you consume more and more money.
Your income has explicit ceiling; however, your expenditure doesn’t. You can easily find corresponding lifestyle when income increases. I have a friend who have been working for four years, and his incomes also tremendously increase from $3k per month to $8k per month. However, he still have neither balances in saving account nor leftover at the end of every month. His bills (New York based), for both when he was fresh graduate and now, are as following:
贫困的根源：“老鼠赛跑”的陷阱
社交媒体上有一个著名的问题：为什么很多年轻人都说“钱来自挣钱而不是储蓄”，但沃伦·巴菲特和查理·芒格仍然推荐节俭的生活方式？
富人在富了以后才享受生活，穷人富了之前才就享受生活。老鼠赛跑的故事是：老鼠在卷轴上跑，但它们不知道跑得越快，卷轴旋转得越快。这些老鼠在耗尽能量后不得不停下来。
穷人远离金融自由的根本原因是他们陷入了“老鼠赛跑”的陷阱。
年龄越大、收入就越高，但是你的欲望也就越大。你将面临更复杂的生活问题和更高程度的家庭责任，而且，你得消费出去越来越多的钱。
你的收入有明确的上限，但是你的支出没有。当收入增加时，你很容易找到相应的生活方式。我有一个朋友已经工作了四年，他的收入也从每月3千美元增加到每月8千美元。然而，他仍然没有存款余额，每个月都是月光族。他的账单（生活在纽约）包括他刚毕业时和现在的账单如下：
There is a famous question on social media: why do abundance of young wealth state “money comes from earning rather than saving”, but Warren Buffet and Charlie Munger still recommend frugal lifestyle?
The rich enjoy life after becoming rich; however, the poor enjoy life before becoming rich.” The story of rat race is that: Rats are running on the reel, but they don’t know the faster they run, the faster of the reel rotate. These rats have to stop after running out of energy.
The underlying reason why the poor away from financial freedom is they locate in the trap of “rat race”.
The older you are, the higher income you own, and, concurrently, the larger desires you will have. You will face more complex life issues and higher-degree family responsibility, and, you consume more and more money.
Your income has explicit ceiling; however, your expenditure doesn’t. You can easily find corresponding lifestyle when income increases. I have a friend who have been working for four years, and his incomes also tremendously increase from $3k per month to $8k per month. However, he still have neither balances in saving account nor leftover at the end of every month. His bills (New York based), for both when he was fresh graduate and now, are as following:
贫困的根源：“老鼠赛跑”的陷阱
社交媒体上有一个著名的问题：为什么很多年轻人都说“钱来自挣钱而不是储蓄”，但沃伦·巴菲特和查理·芒格仍然推荐节俭的生活方式？
富人在富了以后才享受生活，穷人富了之前才就享受生活。老鼠赛跑的故事是：老鼠在卷轴上跑，但它们不知道跑得越快，卷轴旋转得越快。这些老鼠在耗尽能量后不得不停下来。
穷人远离金融自由的根本原因是他们陷入了“老鼠赛跑”的陷阱。
年龄越大、收入就越高，但是你的欲望也就越大。你将面临更复杂的生活问题和更高程度的家庭责任，而且，你得消费出去越来越多的钱。
你的收入有明确的上限，但是你的支出没有。当收入增加时，你很容易找到相应的生活方式。我有一个朋友已经工作了四年，他的收入也从每月3千美元增加到每月8千美元。然而，他仍然没有存款余额，每个月都是月光族。他的账单（生活在纽约）包括他刚毕业时和现在的账单如下：
Monthly bill in 2015
Rent: $1200 per month (one room in a shared 3B2B apartment)
Transportation: $200 per month (public transportation, and Uber when emergency)
Food: $500 per month (primarily cook at home)
Utilities: $30 per month (shared bill with roommates)
Clothes and shoes: less than $200
Phone bill: $40 (Family plan)
Shopping: $100 (buy necessary shampoos, body wash, toothbrush, etc..)
Romantic relationship: None
Entertainment: $100 (for monthly subscxtion of Apple News, some-time PS4 games)
Social network: Less than $100 (go necessary dinner with potential future employers, managers, and friends).
Others: $300-$400, based on needs.
2015年月度账单
租金：每月1200美元（3B2B公寓合租一间房）
交通：每月200美元（公共交通，紧急情况下使用Uber）
伙食：每月500美元（主要在家做饭）
水电费：每月30美元（与室友分摊）
衣服和鞋子：不到200美元
电话费：40美元（家庭计划）
购物：100美元（购买必要的洗发水、沐浴露、牙刷等）
恋爱关系：无
娱乐：100美元（每月订阅苹果新闻，有时还订阅PS4游戏）
社交网络：不到100美元（与未来的潜在雇主、经理和朋友共进晚餐）。
其他：300-400美元，视需要而定。
Rent: $1200 per month (one room in a shared 3B2B apartment)
Transportation: $200 per month (public transportation, and Uber when emergency)
Food: $500 per month (primarily cook at home)
Utilities: $30 per month (shared bill with roommates)
Clothes and shoes: less than $200
Phone bill: $40 (Family plan)
Shopping: $100 (buy necessary shampoos, body wash, toothbrush, etc..)
Romantic relationship: None
Entertainment: $100 (for monthly subscxtion of Apple News, some-time PS4 games)
Social network: Less than $100 (go necessary dinner with potential future employers, managers, and friends).
Others: $300-$400, based on needs.
2015年月度账单
租金：每月1200美元（3B2B公寓合租一间房）
交通：每月200美元（公共交通，紧急情况下使用Uber）
伙食：每月500美元（主要在家做饭）
水电费：每月30美元（与室友分摊）
衣服和鞋子：不到200美元
电话费：40美元（家庭计划）
购物：100美元（购买必要的洗发水、沐浴露、牙刷等）
恋爱关系：无
娱乐：100美元（每月订阅苹果新闻，有时还订阅PS4游戏）
社交网络：不到100美元（与未来的潜在雇主、经理和朋友共进晚餐）。
其他：300-400美元，视需要而定。
Monthly bill in 2019:
Rent: $3000 per month (one 1B1B apartment)
Transportation: more than $500 per month (include parking fee and car fuel.)
Car insurance: $100 per month
Food: at least $2000 per month. (most time eat out. Even sometimes cook at home, use organic products only).
Phone bill: $50 per month
Clothes and shoes: at least $1000 per month, mostly sext middle-level brands such as Coach.
Romantic relationship: at least $400 (does not have fixed partner, regularly date with different girls).
Gym: $70 per month.
Utilities: $100 per month (pay bill by himself)
Social network: more than $500 per month
Shopping: more than $300 per month (buy branded shampoos and body care products)
How do you feel of these two sets of bill statements? When your income increases, you are likely to make higher-level consumptions since you own sufficient buying powers to fit these desires. You want to move to a set of luxury apartment and run away from noisy roommates as early as possible. Everyone desires high living standards; however, do you really need these things?
The prominent issue of poverty is not low-level income, but high-level expenditures.
2019年月度账单：
租金：每月3000美元（一套1B1B公寓）
交通：每月超过500美元（包括停车费和汽车燃油）
车险：每月100美元
伙食：每月至少2000美元。（大多数时间在外面吃饭。即使有时在家做饭，也只使用有机产品）。
电话费：每月50美元
服装和鞋子：每月至少1000美元，大多选择Coach等中级品牌。
恋爱关系：至少400美元（没有固定的伴侣，经常和不同的女孩约会）。
健身房：每月70美元。
水电费：每月100美元（自己付账）
社交网络：每月超过500美元
购物：每月300美元以上（购买品牌洗发水和身体护理产品）
你觉得这两套账单怎么样？当你的收入增加时，你可能会进行更高层次的消费，因为你拥有足够的购买力来满足这些欲望。比如你想搬到一套豪华公寓，尽早逃离吵闹的室友。每个人都渴望高生活水平，然而，你真的需要这些东西吗？
贫困的突出问题不是低收入，而是高支出。
Rent: $3000 per month (one 1B1B apartment)
Transportation: more than $500 per month (include parking fee and car fuel.)
Car insurance: $100 per month
Food: at least $2000 per month. (most time eat out. Even sometimes cook at home, use organic products only).
Phone bill: $50 per month
Clothes and shoes: at least $1000 per month, mostly sext middle-level brands such as Coach.
Romantic relationship: at least $400 (does not have fixed partner, regularly date with different girls).
Gym: $70 per month.
Utilities: $100 per month (pay bill by himself)
Social network: more than $500 per month
Shopping: more than $300 per month (buy branded shampoos and body care products)
How do you feel of these two sets of bill statements? When your income increases, you are likely to make higher-level consumptions since you own sufficient buying powers to fit these desires. You want to move to a set of luxury apartment and run away from noisy roommates as early as possible. Everyone desires high living standards; however, do you really need these things?
The prominent issue of poverty is not low-level income, but high-level expenditures.
2019年月度账单：
租金：每月3000美元（一套1B1B公寓）
交通：每月超过500美元（包括停车费和汽车燃油）
车险：每月100美元
伙食：每月至少2000美元。（大多数时间在外面吃饭。即使有时在家做饭，也只使用有机产品）。
电话费：每月50美元
服装和鞋子：每月至少1000美元，大多选择Coach等中级品牌。
恋爱关系：至少400美元（没有固定的伴侣，经常和不同的女孩约会）。
健身房：每月70美元。
水电费：每月100美元（自己付账）
社交网络：每月超过500美元
购物：每月300美元以上（购买品牌洗发水和身体护理产品）
你觉得这两套账单怎么样？当你的收入增加时，你可能会进行更高层次的消费，因为你拥有足够的购买力来满足这些欲望。比如你想搬到一套豪华公寓，尽早逃离吵闹的室友。每个人都渴望高生活水平，然而，你真的需要这些东西吗？
贫困的突出问题不是低收入，而是高支出。
The poverty origin: rarely share.
It is impossible for people to success by themselves. When we look at the experiences of the wealth, we will find that all the succeeds come from cooperations. One person has limitation in views, capacity, and professional knowledge, etc., and sharing your resources with others can exchange something that you do not have. For example, the student A who has high score in mathematics study coursework by himself, and he dislikes to share any knowledge to others. Student B who has relatively lower score shares everything he knows to classmates, and exchange back the teaching sessions from others who good at English, Physics, and Chemistry. Upon graduation, student A is still rank 1st in mathematics, but he has neither close friend nor positive social impressions from classmates. In the contrast, even though student B does not have high score in mathematics, he is elected as the class monitor, owns large social circle via different social activities, and everyone are happy to give him assistance as needed.
What will happen when we analogy this phenomenon in society?
贫穷的根源：很少分享。
人靠自己是不可能成功的。当我们审视财富的经验时，我们会发现所有的成功都来自于合作。一个人在观点、能力、专业知识等方面有局限性，与他人分享你的资源可以交换你所没有的东西。例如，数学成绩高的学生A，自己学习课程，他不喜欢和别人分享任何知识。分数相对较低的学生B把他所知道的一切都分享给同学，并与在英语、物理和化学方面优秀的同学进行授课内容互换。毕业时，学生A的数学成绩仍然排在第一位，但他既没有亲密的朋友关系，在同学那里也没有留下多少积极而正面的印象。相比之下，尽管学生B的数学成绩不高，但他被选为班长，通过不同的社会活动拥有很大的社交圈，每个人都乐于根据需要给予他帮助。
当我们把这种现象类比到社会上时，会发生什么？
It is impossible for people to success by themselves. When we look at the experiences of the wealth, we will find that all the succeeds come from cooperations. One person has limitation in views, capacity, and professional knowledge, etc., and sharing your resources with others can exchange something that you do not have. For example, the student A who has high score in mathematics study coursework by himself, and he dislikes to share any knowledge to others. Student B who has relatively lower score shares everything he knows to classmates, and exchange back the teaching sessions from others who good at English, Physics, and Chemistry. Upon graduation, student A is still rank 1st in mathematics, but he has neither close friend nor positive social impressions from classmates. In the contrast, even though student B does not have high score in mathematics, he is elected as the class monitor, owns large social circle via different social activities, and everyone are happy to give him assistance as needed.
What will happen when we analogy this phenomenon in society?
贫穷的根源：很少分享。
人靠自己是不可能成功的。当我们审视财富的经验时，我们会发现所有的成功都来自于合作。一个人在观点、能力、专业知识等方面有局限性，与他人分享你的资源可以交换你所没有的东西。例如，数学成绩高的学生A，自己学习课程，他不喜欢和别人分享任何知识。分数相对较低的学生B把他所知道的一切都分享给同学，并与在英语、物理和化学方面优秀的同学进行授课内容互换。毕业时，学生A的数学成绩仍然排在第一位，但他既没有亲密的朋友关系，在同学那里也没有留下多少积极而正面的印象。相比之下，尽管学生B的数学成绩不高，但他被选为班长，通过不同的社会活动拥有很大的社交圈，每个人都乐于根据需要给予他帮助。
当我们把这种现象类比到社会上时，会发生什么？
So, how do the wealth break out the thinking limitation?
In fact, It is not difficult break the “thinking mode of poverty” and jump on the ship to affluence: learn to become the boss and invest in those assets which can automatically bring you income. In another word, build your own financial moat by valuable assets.
In the year 1974, Ray Kroc, the founder of McDonalds, gave presentation in MBA class at Texas State University. He asked students with smiles “Do you know how I expand my wealth?”. Deservedly, students answered: “selling the burger, of courses”. Kroc said “I know you guys will answer in this way. But I am not a simple burger maker, I sell real estates.”
那么，如何突破思维局限去获得财富呢？
其实，打破“贫穷思维模式”，跳上富足之船并不难：学会当老板，投资那些能自动给你带来收入的资产。换句话说，用有价值的资产建造自己的财富护城河。
1974年，麦当劳创始人雷·克罗克（Ray Kroc）在德克萨斯州立大学（Texas State University）的MBA课程上发表演讲。他笑着问学生：“你知道我是怎样发财的吗？”. 学生们理所当然地回答说：“当然，卖汉堡。”。克罗克说：“我知道你们会这样回答。但我不是一个简单的汉堡包制造商，我卖的是房地产。”
In fact, It is not difficult break the “thinking mode of poverty” and jump on the ship to affluence: learn to become the boss and invest in those assets which can automatically bring you income. In another word, build your own financial moat by valuable assets.
In the year 1974, Ray Kroc, the founder of McDonalds, gave presentation in MBA class at Texas State University. He asked students with smiles “Do you know how I expand my wealth?”. Deservedly, students answered: “selling the burger, of courses”. Kroc said “I know you guys will answer in this way. But I am not a simple burger maker, I sell real estates.”
那么，如何突破思维局限去获得财富呢？
其实，打破“贫穷思维模式”，跳上富足之船并不难：学会当老板，投资那些能自动给你带来收入的资产。换句话说，用有价值的资产建造自己的财富护城河。
1974年，麦当劳创始人雷·克罗克（Ray Kroc）在德克萨斯州立大学（Texas State University）的MBA课程上发表演讲。他笑着问学生：“你知道我是怎样发财的吗？”. 学生们理所当然地回答说：“当然，卖汉堡。”。克罗克说：“我知道你们会这样回答。但我不是一个简单的汉堡包制造商，我卖的是房地产。”
Why? And how?
The largest portion of McDonalds’ revenue come from leasing McDonald’s subbranches to franchisees. Kroc always focuses on the restaurant locations, and he is even willing to invest most of the revenues to buy land. In this way, every restaurant can generate high leasing revenues. Time goes by, McDonalds has become the biggest independent real estate agent and it owns more properties than popes have.
The underlying asset that generates cash flows for McDonalds is the reusable land rather than one-time hamburger. This is the real wealthy thinking mode. On the one hand, Kroc breaks out the “scarcity mindset”: make long-term strategy which jumps out of money itself. On the other hand, he gets rid of the “employee mindset”. The money has ability to hatch more money, however, most of people always try to “earn money” from a 9-5 job position without any other income. The wealth thing mode focuses on investing most of money to buy valuable assets, and enjoy higher life standards by these passive incomes.
A lot of people attribute their poverty to social factors: resource scarcity, poor education, and increasing consolidated social hierarchical system. However, along with the development of the technology, the costs of acquiring knowledge and education have declined a lot. In my perspective, the real difference between the wealth and the poor is the executive power. When a new idea comes up, the poor usually thinks “Oh, it is impossible for me to achieve”; however, the wealth will think that”how can I make it possible?” It is totally ok for the poor to find a stable job first, but they are supposed to have plans, and finish these plans step by step.
In conclusion, the society develops all the time, and the wealth are the people who consciously adapt these changes and enjoy corresponding benefits, and the poor are ones who march on the spot and reject to learn. It is true that education is important for human development; however, the real education comes from every aspects of your life, include the books you read, the bar you come, and the people you meet. Education is never an excuse for self-renunciation.
Give me an upvote if you feel this answer is helpful
为什么？怎么做？
麦当劳收入的最大部分来自将麦当劳的分支机构租赁给特许经营商。克罗克总是专注于餐厅的位置，他甚至愿意将大部分收入投资于购买土地。这样，每家餐厅都能产生高额的租赁收入。随着时间的推移，麦当劳已经成为最大的独立房地产代理，它拥有的房产比教皇更多。
为麦当劳创造现金流的基础资产是可重复使用的土地，而不是一次性的汉堡包。这才是真正富有的思维方式。一方面，克罗克打破了“稀缺心态”：制定长期战略，跳出资金本身。另一方面，他摆脱了“员工心态”。钱有能力孵化出更多的钱，然而，大多数人总是试图“挣钱” 除了朝九晚五工作没有任何其他收入。财富物化模式主要是把大部分的钱投入到购买有价值的资产上，通过这些被动的收入享受更高的生活标准。
许多人把自己的贫困归因于社会因素：资源匮乏、教育水平低下、社会等级制度日益固化。然而，随着科技的发展，人们获取知识和接受教育的成本大大降低。在我看来，富人和穷人的真正区别在于执行力。当一个新的想法出现时，穷人通常会想“哦，我不可能做到”；然而，富人会想“我怎么才可能做到呢”？穷人先找一份稳定的工作是完全可以的，但他们应该有计划，再一步一步地完成这些计划。
总之，社会一直在发展，财富是属于自觉适应这些变化并享受相应利益的人，穷人是原地踏步、拒绝学习的人。诚然，教育对人的发展很重要；然而，真正的教育来自你生活的方方面面，包括你读的书，你去的酒吧以及你遇到的人。教育从来不是自我放弃的借口。
如果你觉得这个答案有帮助，请给我点赞！
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The largest portion of McDonalds’ revenue come from leasing McDonald’s subbranches to franchisees. Kroc always focuses on the restaurant locations, and he is even willing to invest most of the revenues to buy land. In this way, every restaurant can generate high leasing revenues. Time goes by, McDonalds has become the biggest independent real estate agent and it owns more properties than popes have.
The underlying asset that generates cash flows for McDonalds is the reusable land rather than one-time hamburger. This is the real wealthy thinking mode. On the one hand, Kroc breaks out the “scarcity mindset”: make long-term strategy which jumps out of money itself. On the other hand, he gets rid of the “employee mindset”. The money has ability to hatch more money, however, most of people always try to “earn money” from a 9-5 job position without any other income. The wealth thing mode focuses on investing most of money to buy valuable assets, and enjoy higher life standards by these passive incomes.
A lot of people attribute their poverty to social factors: resource scarcity, poor education, and increasing consolidated social hierarchical system. However, along with the development of the technology, the costs of acquiring knowledge and education have declined a lot. In my perspective, the real difference between the wealth and the poor is the executive power. When a new idea comes up, the poor usually thinks “Oh, it is impossible for me to achieve”; however, the wealth will think that”how can I make it possible?” It is totally ok for the poor to find a stable job first, but they are supposed to have plans, and finish these plans step by step.
In conclusion, the society develops all the time, and the wealth are the people who consciously adapt these changes and enjoy corresponding benefits, and the poor are ones who march on the spot and reject to learn. It is true that education is important for human development; however, the real education comes from every aspects of your life, include the books you read, the bar you come, and the people you meet. Education is never an excuse for self-renunciation.
Give me an upvote if you feel this answer is helpful
为什么？怎么做？
麦当劳收入的最大部分来自将麦当劳的分支机构租赁给特许经营商。克罗克总是专注于餐厅的位置，他甚至愿意将大部分收入投资于购买土地。这样，每家餐厅都能产生高额的租赁收入。随着时间的推移，麦当劳已经成为最大的独立房地产代理，它拥有的房产比教皇更多。
为麦当劳创造现金流的基础资产是可重复使用的土地，而不是一次性的汉堡包。这才是真正富有的思维方式。一方面，克罗克打破了“稀缺心态”：制定长期战略，跳出资金本身。另一方面，他摆脱了“员工心态”。钱有能力孵化出更多的钱，然而，大多数人总是试图“挣钱” 除了朝九晚五工作没有任何其他收入。财富物化模式主要是把大部分的钱投入到购买有价值的资产上，通过这些被动的收入享受更高的生活标准。
许多人把自己的贫困归因于社会因素：资源匮乏、教育水平低下、社会等级制度日益固化。然而，随着科技的发展，人们获取知识和接受教育的成本大大降低。在我看来，富人和穷人的真正区别在于执行力。当一个新的想法出现时，穷人通常会想“哦，我不可能做到”；然而，富人会想“我怎么才可能做到呢”？穷人先找一份稳定的工作是完全可以的，但他们应该有计划，再一步一步地完成这些计划。
总之，社会一直在发展，财富是属于自觉适应这些变化并享受相应利益的人，穷人是原地踏步、拒绝学习的人。诚然，教育对人的发展很重要；然而，真正的教育来自你生活的方方面面，包括你读的书，你去的酒吧以及你遇到的人。教育从来不是自我放弃的借口。
如果你觉得这个答案有帮助，请给我点赞！
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Carol Cotton
It’s very very hard to lift oneself up from poverty. Poor culture is very different from affluent culture. The poor really don’t understand the value of a dollar the way the affluent do. A poor person looks at a buck and knows that’s as far as the “accumulation” of funds is going to go—they don’t visualize other dollars piling on top of it over time, if saved and/or invested. So, they blow that dollar on something very fleeting, of low value, like junk from the dollar store.
Also, there is peer pressure to spend that dollar. I’ve seen and heard poor people laugh at their friends and family and mock them for being “cheap” because they don’t want to blow their hard-earned money on inexpensive useless trinkets. I’ve never heard the affluent accuse each other openly of being cheap. They save that word for material obxts that are mass produced with imprecision, substandard materials, sloppy workmanship, etc.
I’ve seen “poor” people buy new Nike’s every couple of months. You rarely see a “poor” person with rundown or dirty sneakers. They replace them before they ever have a chance to get run down. It’s a status symbol. I’ve seen some rather wealthy people who dress like paupers—old (expensive) shoes, well-worn work shirts around the house or out at a pub, etc.
“Keeping Up Appearances” is extremely important to those who are striving, either psychologically or materially, even the well-established middle class. They are insecure in their lack of riches because of the messages the commercially supported media sends.
If a “poor” individual wanted to lift himself out of poverty without going to college and learning a marketable skill—s/he would have to forego having children, first and foremost. Kids are naturally expensive, anyway, but once they get sucked into their peer group culture, they won’t give you a moment’s rest until you supply them with all the accouterments that will gain them access to the “in-crowd”. Unwittingly, by playing into that, parents are setting their kids up for a lifetime of living on the surface of a commodity value system with no stores of real wealth.
摆脱贫困是非常困难的。穷人的思维与富人的思维大不相同。穷人不像富人那样真的理解一美元的价值。穷人看到一美元，就只知道这可以积累起来是钱，而想不到别的，他们想象不到随着时间的推移，如果储蓄或投资了，其他的美元会附着在上面（增值）。所以，他们把钱花在一些非常短暂的，低价值的东西上，比如商店的垃圾。
此外，同行者也传导出要花掉这一美元。我看到和听到过穷人嘲笑他们的朋友和家人，嘲笑他们“小气”，因为他们不想把辛苦挣来的钱花在便宜无用的小饰品上。我从未听过富人公开指责对方小气。他们把这个词用来形容那些用不精密的、不合格的材料、粗糙的工艺等大量生产出来的物品。
我见过穷人每隔几个月就会买新款耐克。你很少看到一个穿着破旧或脏兮兮的运动鞋的“穷人”。他们在它们损坏之前就把它们换掉。这是地位的象征。我见过一些相当富有的人，他们穿着像穷人一样破旧（但昂贵）的鞋子，在家里或在酒吧里穿着破旧的工作衬衫，等等。
对于那些在心理上或物质上都在努力奋斗的人来说，“保持形象”是极其重要的，甚至声名显赫的中产阶级也是如此。由于受到商业支持的媒体发出的信息，他们因缺乏财富而缺乏安全感。
如果一个贫穷的人不上大学，不学习市场上的技能就想摆脱贫困，那么他首先必须放弃生孩子。不管怎么说，孩子们天生就很要用钱，但一旦他们融入到同龄人的文化中，他们就不会给你片刻的休息，除非你给他们提供所有能让他们进入“人群”的装备。不知不觉地，父母们就这样为他们的孩子需求奋斗一辈子，而没有真正的财富储存。
It’s very very hard to lift oneself up from poverty. Poor culture is very different from affluent culture. The poor really don’t understand the value of a dollar the way the affluent do. A poor person looks at a buck and knows that’s as far as the “accumulation” of funds is going to go—they don’t visualize other dollars piling on top of it over time, if saved and/or invested. So, they blow that dollar on something very fleeting, of low value, like junk from the dollar store.
Also, there is peer pressure to spend that dollar. I’ve seen and heard poor people laugh at their friends and family and mock them for being “cheap” because they don’t want to blow their hard-earned money on inexpensive useless trinkets. I’ve never heard the affluent accuse each other openly of being cheap. They save that word for material obxts that are mass produced with imprecision, substandard materials, sloppy workmanship, etc.
I’ve seen “poor” people buy new Nike’s every couple of months. You rarely see a “poor” person with rundown or dirty sneakers. They replace them before they ever have a chance to get run down. It’s a status symbol. I’ve seen some rather wealthy people who dress like paupers—old (expensive) shoes, well-worn work shirts around the house or out at a pub, etc.
“Keeping Up Appearances” is extremely important to those who are striving, either psychologically or materially, even the well-established middle class. They are insecure in their lack of riches because of the messages the commercially supported media sends.
If a “poor” individual wanted to lift himself out of poverty without going to college and learning a marketable skill—s/he would have to forego having children, first and foremost. Kids are naturally expensive, anyway, but once they get sucked into their peer group culture, they won’t give you a moment’s rest until you supply them with all the accouterments that will gain them access to the “in-crowd”. Unwittingly, by playing into that, parents are setting their kids up for a lifetime of living on the surface of a commodity value system with no stores of real wealth.
摆脱贫困是非常困难的。穷人的思维与富人的思维大不相同。穷人不像富人那样真的理解一美元的价值。穷人看到一美元，就只知道这可以积累起来是钱，而想不到别的，他们想象不到随着时间的推移，如果储蓄或投资了，其他的美元会附着在上面（增值）。所以，他们把钱花在一些非常短暂的，低价值的东西上，比如商店的垃圾。
此外，同行者也传导出要花掉这一美元。我看到和听到过穷人嘲笑他们的朋友和家人，嘲笑他们“小气”，因为他们不想把辛苦挣来的钱花在便宜无用的小饰品上。我从未听过富人公开指责对方小气。他们把这个词用来形容那些用不精密的、不合格的材料、粗糙的工艺等大量生产出来的物品。
我见过穷人每隔几个月就会买新款耐克。你很少看到一个穿着破旧或脏兮兮的运动鞋的“穷人”。他们在它们损坏之前就把它们换掉。这是地位的象征。我见过一些相当富有的人，他们穿着像穷人一样破旧（但昂贵）的鞋子，在家里或在酒吧里穿着破旧的工作衬衫，等等。
对于那些在心理上或物质上都在努力奋斗的人来说，“保持形象”是极其重要的，甚至声名显赫的中产阶级也是如此。由于受到商业支持的媒体发出的信息，他们因缺乏财富而缺乏安全感。
如果一个贫穷的人不上大学，不学习市场上的技能就想摆脱贫困，那么他首先必须放弃生孩子。不管怎么说，孩子们天生就很要用钱，但一旦他们融入到同龄人的文化中，他们就不会给你片刻的休息，除非你给他们提供所有能让他们进入“人群”的装备。不知不觉地，父母们就这样为他们的孩子需求奋斗一辈子，而没有真正的财富储存。
Secondly, a poor person would have to give up his/her social network of spendthrift friends and associates who will pressure them into spending down to their last penny, living paycheck to paycheck. The best thing one can do to escape poverty is to find ways to squirrel away cash, cut out excess non-essential expenditures, learn what it means to sacrifice, and then watch the results in their bank account over the course of a year. They need to see it with their own eyes. And that’s almost impossible to achieve with other non-achievers nipping at your heels.
There are so many things that the poor either don’t understand or don’t even know about. They don’t seem to recognize the importance of building credit and having a good credit rating, for example. Or, how to even go about it. They need to learn to develop a broader vision of their future in terms of needs, security, and possibilities.
I had a married aunt with 3 daughters. She knew they could never afford to change their living circumstances, but what she could do was change their summertime living circumstances. she stashed away a few dollars here and there, whenever she could, with the goal of buying a tiny cottage on the lake where she and her daughters could spend the entire summer vacation.
Her husband loved to gamble and was always trying to find out where the money was hidden so she was always squirreling small amounts in little nooks and crannies in the basement, the attic, etc. Within 5 years she had enough money for a down-payment on that cottage. She and her daughters enjoyed many, many summers there all through their school years. But…something else, an unexpected surprise, happened as a result: Her husband had a total shift of perception of the possible just by seeing what his wife accomplished.
其次，一个穷人将不得不放弃他/她那些挥金如土的朋友和同事的社交圈，他们会迫使他们花掉最后一分钱，然后一分钱一分钱地过日子。摆脱贫困最好的办法就是设法储存现金，削减多余的非必要支出，了解牺牲意味着什么，然后在一年的时间里观察银行账户的余额。他们需要亲眼看到。而如果有其他碌碌无为的人不断催促他花钱，这几乎是不可能实现的。
有太多的事情，穷人要么不明白，要么甚至不知道。例如，他们似乎没有认识到建立信用和获得良好信用评级的重要性。或者不知道如何获得信用。他们需要学会在需求、安全和可能性方面对自己的未来获得更广阔的视野。
我有一个已婚的阿姨，有三个女儿。她知道他们永远无法改变自己的生活环境，但她能做的就是改变他们夏季的生活环境。只要有可能，她到处存钱，目的是在湖边买一间小屋，这样她和她的女儿们可以在那里度过整个暑假。
她丈夫喜欢赌博，总是想知道钱藏在哪里，所以她总是把少量的钱藏在地下室、阁楼等的小角落和缝隙里。5年内，她就有足够的钱支付那间小屋的首付款。（之前）她和她的女儿们在学校里度过了无数个夏天。但是发生一个意外的惊喜：她的丈夫仅仅通过看到他妻子的成就就完全改变了对可能性的看法。
There are so many things that the poor either don’t understand or don’t even know about. They don’t seem to recognize the importance of building credit and having a good credit rating, for example. Or, how to even go about it. They need to learn to develop a broader vision of their future in terms of needs, security, and possibilities.
I had a married aunt with 3 daughters. She knew they could never afford to change their living circumstances, but what she could do was change their summertime living circumstances. she stashed away a few dollars here and there, whenever she could, with the goal of buying a tiny cottage on the lake where she and her daughters could spend the entire summer vacation.
Her husband loved to gamble and was always trying to find out where the money was hidden so she was always squirreling small amounts in little nooks and crannies in the basement, the attic, etc. Within 5 years she had enough money for a down-payment on that cottage. She and her daughters enjoyed many, many summers there all through their school years. But…something else, an unexpected surprise, happened as a result: Her husband had a total shift of perception of the possible just by seeing what his wife accomplished.
其次，一个穷人将不得不放弃他/她那些挥金如土的朋友和同事的社交圈，他们会迫使他们花掉最后一分钱，然后一分钱一分钱地过日子。摆脱贫困最好的办法就是设法储存现金，削减多余的非必要支出，了解牺牲意味着什么，然后在一年的时间里观察银行账户的余额。他们需要亲眼看到。而如果有其他碌碌无为的人不断催促他花钱，这几乎是不可能实现的。
有太多的事情，穷人要么不明白，要么甚至不知道。例如，他们似乎没有认识到建立信用和获得良好信用评级的重要性。或者不知道如何获得信用。他们需要学会在需求、安全和可能性方面对自己的未来获得更广阔的视野。
我有一个已婚的阿姨，有三个女儿。她知道他们永远无法改变自己的生活环境，但她能做的就是改变他们夏季的生活环境。只要有可能，她到处存钱，目的是在湖边买一间小屋，这样她和她的女儿们可以在那里度过整个暑假。
她丈夫喜欢赌博，总是想知道钱藏在哪里，所以她总是把少量的钱藏在地下室、阁楼等的小角落和缝隙里。5年内，她就有足够的钱支付那间小屋的首付款。（之前）她和她的女儿们在学校里度过了无数个夏天。但是发生一个意外的惊喜：她的丈夫仅仅通过看到他妻子的成就就完全改变了对可能性的看法。
He had a back-breaking job delivering cases of beer to bars and package stores. The pay was dismal and his back pain was making life miserable. But, he never asked himself if he could do better. His first job as a young teen was delivering cases of soda and over the years he graduated to beer. It was, to him, the normal and inevitable trajectory of his life.
One day, as he was delivering beer to a package store in a very seedy neighborhood, the owner told him he was going to be selling the entire building—the package store on the first floor, and two income-producing apartments on the second floor—for less than $30k! Incredible. This man would have never allowed himself to even fleetingly consider buying something like that—before he saw what his wife could do with a little discipline and determination. He bought it.
And it changed the rest of his life. He went from borderline poverty to being “quite comfortable.” They took cruises. They moved into a nice house in a wooded neighborhood with a back deck that faced the sunsets. Many years later, when he died, he left his wife and 3 daughters a nice little nest egg that would generously supplement their incomes for the rest of their lives—providing they spent wisely.
It’s not easy to educate yourself on what needs to be done to escape poverty. The rich people have Fortune Magazine and The Wall Street Journal. There’s a book entitled, The Millionaire Next Door, that might be helpful. It requires a sea change—cultural, personal, perceptual, psychological—the effort needed for such an upheaval is not to be underestimated.
“Why do most poor people remain poor?” For the same reason most walkers don’t attempt mountain climbing, scuba diving, sky diving, figure skating, but remain walkers.
他有一份很辛苦的工作，把一箱箱啤酒送到酒吧和包装店。工资很低，背痛使他的生活很悲惨。但是，他从未问自己是否能做得更好。他年轻时的第一份工作是送几箱苏打水，多年之后，他逐渐转送啤酒。对他来说，这是他正常的、不可避免的人生轨迹。
有一天，当他把啤酒送到一个非常破烂的街区的一家套餐店时，店主告诉他，他要把整栋楼卖掉——一楼为套餐店，二楼为两套出租公寓，售价不到3万美元！简直 不可思议。因他之前看到妻子只要有一点纪律和决心就能做些什么，他毫不犹豫的买了下来。
这改变了他的余生。他从边缘贫困到“相当舒适”的生活，他们乘船旅行。他们搬进了一所漂亮的房子，在一个树木繁茂的社区里，房子的后面是朝向日落的方向。许多年后，当他去世时，他给妻子和三个女儿留下了一笔可观的储蓄金，如果他们明智地消费，这笔钱将富足地补充他们余生的收入。
教育自己如何摆脱贫困并不容易。富人有《财富》杂志和《华尔街日报》。有一本书名叫《隔壁的百万富翁》，可能会有帮助。它需要经历一场文化、个人、认知、心理的巨变，这种巨变所需要的努力是不可低估的。
“为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷？“出于同样的原因，大多数步行者不去尝试爬山，潜水，跳伞，花样滑冰，仍然 只会当一个步行者。
One day, as he was delivering beer to a package store in a very seedy neighborhood, the owner told him he was going to be selling the entire building—the package store on the first floor, and two income-producing apartments on the second floor—for less than $30k! Incredible. This man would have never allowed himself to even fleetingly consider buying something like that—before he saw what his wife could do with a little discipline and determination. He bought it.
And it changed the rest of his life. He went from borderline poverty to being “quite comfortable.” They took cruises. They moved into a nice house in a wooded neighborhood with a back deck that faced the sunsets. Many years later, when he died, he left his wife and 3 daughters a nice little nest egg that would generously supplement their incomes for the rest of their lives—providing they spent wisely.
It’s not easy to educate yourself on what needs to be done to escape poverty. The rich people have Fortune Magazine and The Wall Street Journal. There’s a book entitled, The Millionaire Next Door, that might be helpful. It requires a sea change—cultural, personal, perceptual, psychological—the effort needed for such an upheaval is not to be underestimated.
“Why do most poor people remain poor?” For the same reason most walkers don’t attempt mountain climbing, scuba diving, sky diving, figure skating, but remain walkers.
他有一份很辛苦的工作，把一箱箱啤酒送到酒吧和包装店。工资很低，背痛使他的生活很悲惨。但是，他从未问自己是否能做得更好。他年轻时的第一份工作是送几箱苏打水，多年之后，他逐渐转送啤酒。对他来说，这是他正常的、不可避免的人生轨迹。
有一天，当他把啤酒送到一个非常破烂的街区的一家套餐店时，店主告诉他，他要把整栋楼卖掉——一楼为套餐店，二楼为两套出租公寓，售价不到3万美元！简直 不可思议。因他之前看到妻子只要有一点纪律和决心就能做些什么，他毫不犹豫的买了下来。
这改变了他的余生。他从边缘贫困到“相当舒适”的生活，他们乘船旅行。他们搬进了一所漂亮的房子，在一个树木繁茂的社区里，房子的后面是朝向日落的方向。许多年后，当他去世时，他给妻子和三个女儿留下了一笔可观的储蓄金，如果他们明智地消费，这笔钱将富足地补充他们余生的收入。
教育自己如何摆脱贫困并不容易。富人有《财富》杂志和《华尔街日报》。有一本书名叫《隔壁的百万富翁》，可能会有帮助。它需要经历一场文化、个人、认知、心理的巨变，这种巨变所需要的努力是不可低估的。
“为什么大多数穷人仍然贫穷？“出于同样的原因，大多数步行者不去尝试爬山，潜水，跳伞，花样滑冰，仍然 只会当一个步行者。
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