历史上哪一个时间段最好、最宜居?
2021-02-17 兰陵笑笑生 11428
正文翻译

What was the best time in history to live?

历史上最好最宜居的时候是什么时候?

评论翻译
Artem Sereda
, Spent 3 years aimlessly browsing history wikipedia articles
An obvious answer to your question would be - now. Today we have internet, access to information and capabilities that no human had ever seen before.
However, I expect that this would not be the most interesting answer. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (late 18 century), technology progressed enormously in Europe. Therefore, usually, the later - the better.
Also, a good addition to your question would be: For whom and where, because a life of an african peasant in the 17 century would be very different from a european noble.
Before the 18 century, there are a few contenders.

对于你的问题,有一个显而易见的答案--现在。今天我们有了互联网,获得了以前没有人见过的信息和能力。
然而,我预计这不会是最有趣的答案。自从工业革命开始(18世纪末),欧洲的技术取得了巨大的进步。因此,通常情况下,时间越晚越好。
另外,你的问题还需要进行一点补充:对谁来说以及在哪里。因为17世纪非洲农民的生活和欧洲贵族的生活有很大的不同。
18世纪之前,有几个竞争者:

Europe during Enlightment and Renassiance (15–17 cenutries). Definetly the best time to be born a member of the upper class. Technology advanced rapidly, freedom of thought was introduced, new land was explored. However, the life for peasants was miserable as always
Song Dynasty China (11–13 centuries). Right before the Mongol invasion of China the Song dynasty had an “early industrial revolution”. Probably the best time to be a peasant. Relative freedom of thought was present. A new crop was introduced from Southeast Asia. It increased the agricultural output of the country. Salary of a lower-class worker was about 5 times the estimated substinence level. In many parts of the country farmers were free, unlike Europe of the time. Also, taxes were very low in comparison with other chinese dynasties. Though, for traders, it would probably be not the greatest time and place to live, as they were viewed with mistrust and disrespect. Wikipidea’s got an amazing article on the theme
Islamic Golden Age (8–13 centuries). The arab society during the Islamic Golden Age was definetly one of the most progressive in history. Then, many advances in sciences and technology were made. I couldn’t find much information on the life of peasants. However, it would be a great time for the city dwellers and merchants. Wikipedia also has a great article about the Islamic Golden Age.
However, everything I said is subjective and, since I’m not a professional historian, could be very wrong. Still though, it’s what I believe

·启蒙运动和革新时期的欧洲(15-17世纪)。绝对是出生在上流社会的最佳时期。科技迅速发展,思想自由被引入,新的土地被探索。然而,农民的生活却一如既往地悲惨。
·中国宋朝(11-13世纪)。就在蒙古人入侵中国之前,宋朝进行了一次"早期工业革命"。这可能是做农民的最佳时期。当时思想相对自由。从东南亚引进了一种新的农作物。它增加了国家的农业产量。下层劳工的薪金约为估计贫困水平的5倍。在国内很多地方,农民是自由的, 不像当时的欧洲。此外,与中国其他朝代相比,这时候税收也很低。虽然,对于商人来说,这可能不是最好的生活时间和地点,因为他们不被信任和尊重。维基百科上有一篇关于这个主题的文章。
·伊斯兰黄金时代(8-13世纪)。伊斯兰黄金时代的阿拉伯社会无疑是历史上最进步的社会之一。然后,在科学和技术方面取得了许多进步。我找不到太多关于农民生活的资料。然而,对于城市居民和商人来说,这将是一个伟大的时代。维基百科上也有一篇关于伊斯兰黄金时代的文章。
不过,我说的一切都是主观臆断,由于我不是专业的历史学家,里面可能会有很大的错误。不过,这也是我所相信的。

Bob Papadui
I don’t understand why people just start listing off technologies when asked this question. Did you stop to consider that these things might not make us happier and could in fact make us less happy?

我不明白为什么人们在被问到这个问题时,就开始罗列技术。你有没有想过,这些东西可能不会让我们更快乐,事实上,可能会让我们更不快乐?

Andras Ivan
, lives in Hungary (1981-present)
Right now.
Despite all the turbulent politics, even the poor people has internet connections on their phones, and have access to all the knowledge on Wikipedia and YouTube. It’s their own decision not to use this chance to pull an “American revolution” against their own government to get rid of the corrupt elite, and build up their own life instead depending on handouts.
Right now, impossibly high number of people have better standard of living than even kings or emperors in the middle ages.
I ’m living in a post communist eastern European country. I am a railroad worker with salary under 700 USD per month. I have my own apartment in a multi-storey building. I have my own car. In the middle of winter, warmth coming from the radiators without smoking my home. Infinite amount of drinking water flowing from the wall, hot and cold. I can make the night turn to day with the flick of my finger on the wall. I can eat whatever I want, and whenever I want, by calling 30 different style ethnic food, and it will be here under an hour. Or just go to the supermarket, with stuff from all over the world, exotic fruits, canned gods, snacks, and etc… If I have an aching tooth, it will be dealt with in an instant, and pain free. Any other medical problem might have a solution if you can pay for it. And of course: INTERNET.

正在当下。
尽管政治风云变幻,但即使是穷人,手机上也有网络连接,可以在维基百科和YouTube上获取所有知识。只是他们自己决定不利用这个机会发动一场“美国革命”来对抗自己的政府,以摆脱腐败的精英,建立自己的生活,而不是依靠施舍。
现在,很多人的生活水平都难以想象地比中世纪的国王或皇帝都要好。
我生活在一个后共产主义的东欧国家。一名铁路工人,月薪不到700美元。我在一栋多层楼里有自己的公寓。我有自己的车。在冬天,不用烧柴,温暖从暖气片中传来。无限量的饮用水从墙上流出,冷热都有。我可以用手指在墙上轻轻一弹,就能让黑夜变成白天。我可以想吃什么就吃什么,想什么时候吃就什么时候吃,叫30种不同风格的民族食品,不到一个小时就能到。或者直接去超市,有来自世界各地的东西,有异国水果,有罐头神器,有零食等等......如果我的牙疼,瞬间就能处理好,而且无痛。其他任何医疗问题,只要你花钱,也许都有办法解决。当然还有:互联网。

And this is only an ex communist hellhole, where a puny railroad worker can live like kings. And in Germoney, it’s even better!
We are the EU. We have ALL of it. If we can keep it.
100 millions worth of hungry mob without marketable skills, education and will to work for it want to come here, because they don’t want to go through all the effort building a civilisation, they just want to sit in the good times built by others. And no contribution to keep it up. They will just come, eat, and demand more. The savages are at the gates… no… our glorious leaders already let them in to virtue signal to their progressive and liberal friends…
Well, let’s see if all those equally valuable enriching culture will drive us into the space colony age, or just back to tribal Africa. We will see.

而这只是一个前共产主义的地方,在这里,一个微不足道的铁路工人可以像国王一样生活。而在德国,它甚至更好!
我们是欧盟。我们拥有所有的权利。如果我们能保住它。
然而一亿饥饿的、没有对路的技能、教育和工作意愿的暴徒,他们想来这里,因为他们不想费尽心思去建立一个文明,他们只想坐在别人建立的美好时代里。也不做出贡献去维持它。他们就这么来,吃、要求更多。野蛮人就在大门口...不...我们光荣的领导人已经让他们进来了,向他们的进步和自由主义的朋友发出“我们很有美德”的信号......
好吧,让我们看看所有这些同样有价值的丰富文化,是会把我们赶进太空殖民地时代,还是会让我们回到非洲部落。我们拭目以待。

Orion Nuble
I think you never realised that technology - although it makes our lives easier - makes the majority of the population unhappy. The 21st century isn’t the best era to live.

我想你从来没有意识到,科技--虽然它让我们的生活更方便--却让大多数人不快乐。21世纪并不是最适合生活的时代。

Lisette Callis
, Diploma Interior Design & Bachelor of Arts Degrees in Psychology (2018)
well, I believe all we have is now… and if you look back,
maybe there were more peaceful times… bt there was also less choices for women, less recourse for gay/ trans people.. no one to understand you much of the time if you wanted to do something not commensurate with prescribed roles… so to me it seems less confining now. We have modern conveniences of vacuum cleaners, washing machines… dishwashers.. (not sure how convenient dishwashers really are for smaller families but they do save water, I think)…
Life seems less biring now, but then there are drawbacks.. people are possibly less engaging in social behaviour and more on social media..and they get to behave nbadly as keyboard warriors… but at the saem time, we cna share ideas with strangers and chat about things with a few people who maybe have the same (health) conditions, and in this way be less isolated or find actual help.

我相信我们现在所拥有的就是...如果你回头看看,你就会发现.....
也许有更和平的时代......但妇也只有更少的选择,更少的同性恋/变性人的宽容......如果你想做一些与规定的角色不相称的事情,没有人会理解你......所以对我来说,现在似乎没有那么多限制。我们有吸尘器、洗衣机......洗碗机......(不知道洗碗机对小家庭来说有多方便,但我想,它们确实可以节约用水......等现代便利设施。
现在生活似乎不那么美好了,所以也有一些缺点......人们可能会减少参与社会行为,更多的是在社交媒体上......他们会表现得很糟糕,比如键盘侠......但同时,我们可以和陌生人分享想法,和一些可能有相同(健康)状况的人聊天,这样就不会那么孤立,或者找到实际性的帮助。

You still have the option of living off the grid, in a tiny home or weaving your own cloth etc..you don't have to sit in your mum’s basement and watch game of thrones and play shoot em up games all day and all night…
I like that I can find resolution to health care problems for me and my animals, and I can study (I recntly completed a diploma in interior design all while never having to leave my home..which was handy as a I had a dog with dementia for part of that time..I did go to a physical college to do a certificate in it the year before I started the diploma, which has advantages too). I can apply for work from my home, and for a place to live..without leaving my home…I can get vitamins delivered, and just about anything else…which is great since I had a bad fall 3 months ago…
We are living now, so I'm glad to be here now… I think it’s a positive time, as I foresee social change and potentials for improvement…it may happene relatively quickly that we become actually civilised :) I sure hope so!

你仍然可以选择离网而居,住在一个小房子里,或者自己织布等等......你不必坐在你妈妈的地下室里看《权力的游戏》,或者整天整夜地玩射击游戏......
我喜欢我可以为我和我的动物找到解决保健问题的方法,我可以学习(我最近刚获得了一个室内设计的文凭,同时从来不需要离开过我的家,这很方便,因为我有一只患有痴呆症的狗,在我开始这份文凭的前一年,我也去了一个物理学院,获得了一份证书,这也有好处)。我可以在家里申请工作,申请住处......不用离开家......我可以得到维他命,以及其他任何东西......这很好,因为我3个月前摔了一跤......
我们现在生活在现在,所以我很高兴在现在......我认为这是一个积极的时代,因为我可以看到社会变革和改进的潜力......我们可能会比较快地成为真正的文明:) 而我当然希望如此!
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Hunter Ghobadi
, Read all the books and watched the show
Most of the answers here are straight forward: we live in a more advanced society today, so people are “freer” on an individual level.
I guess it’s how you define freedom. If you define it as a measure of capabilities, then surely superman would be the freest individual ever. If you define it as lack of regulated enforcement, then the pre-agricultural age would be your go to answer.
According to Historians (not me) epochs that were most prosperous:
Life under Hadrian in the Roman Empire
The early Song dynasty (advanced agriculture, paper money, printing press, etc.)
The first half of the Tang Dynasty
Venice in the 15th century
Egypt during the middle kingdom
Achaemenid/Sassanid Persia

这里的大多数答案都很直白:我们今天生活在一个更先进的社会,所以人们在个人层面上更 "自由"。
我想这是一个你如何定义自由的问题。如果你把它定义为能力的衡量标准,那么超人肯定会是最自由的个体。如果你把它定义为缺乏规范的执行,那么前农业时代将是你的答案。
根据历史学家(不是我)的说法,是最繁荣的时代是:
1哈德良时期罗马帝国的生活
2宋初(农业发达、纸币、印刷术等)。
3唐朝前半期
4威尼斯
5埃及
6阿契美尼德/萨珊波斯

There are also conceptual periods with no known dates. For example, the British have an idea of Jolly old England: Merry England - Wikipedia
The Southern US has a similar arrangement of ideas? Did such a time exist? Probably not. But the idea is more of an aspirational quality.
Which goes to the main question. What is best? For you, for us, or for everyone?
Does it mean more art and literature? Today we can publish more poetry than ever before, but I doubt that could compare to the Tang dynasty when poetry and art were a central political and economic force of society.
Are people happier today? Who knows, happiness is usually created through relativity.
A better question is, what are the draw backs of any point or time in history. Is having a closer community happiness, more freedom on an individual level, what is it that we should value?
You are the only person who can answer that question. Don’t listen to what I have to say, or what anyone else tells you to believe. Evaluate what you want from the world, what you value, and make a decision from there.

也有一些概念性的时期,没有具体的日期。例如,英国人有一个"快乐的老英格兰"的概念。 欢乐的英格兰--维基百科
美国南部貌似也有类似的想法?这样的时代存在吗?可能没有。这种想法更多的是一种理想的追求。
这就涉及到主要的问题。什么是最好的?对你,对我们,还是对所有人?
这是否意味着更多的艺术和文学?今天,我们可以发表比以往更多的诗歌,但我怀疑这能否与唐代相比,当时诗歌和艺术是社会政治和经济的核心力量。
今天的人们是否更幸福?谁知道呢,幸福通常是通过相对性创造的。
一个更好的问题是,历史上任何一个点或时间的缺点是什么。拥有更紧密的社区幸福感,还是更多的个人自由,哪个是更重要的?
这个问题只有你能回答。不要听我说什么,也不要听别人让你相信什么。要评估你想从这个世界上得到什么,你重视什么,然后从那里做出决定。

Gaurav Purohit
, former Banker
I dont think there was ever a better time to live than the present time. World as a natural way has been making progress in every field be it Science, medicine, Tech etc. We might say today we have so many problems like climate change, diseases, wars, Loss of biodiversity etc.,we also have to acknowledge that we have acuired the skills and knowledge to first of all to understand these issues and then have come up with solutions in many cases.
Also our society is progressing and now we have awareness around Women's right, Rights of Minorities and other sections of society which were earlier treated deplorably whose even basic rights were not recognized.
We in present times have so many modes of entertainment and hundreds of ways to access them for example we can watch a movie in a Multiplex, on TV or in our Mobiles and all these have become so much affordable in comparison to earlier times.
Now we have thousands of avenues to make a career in unlike times when we either had to be soldier fighting wars or be an officer under some king or some petty worker or be a rebel artist. Now we can be Doctors, engineers, scientists, politicians, bureaucrats, actors,artists, entrepreneurs and what not, possibilities are many.
Also the advent of tech and its various innovations like internet, communication devices and Social media have brought the world so much more closer. We may be having breakfast in Japan but we know whats going on in Armenia or any place for that matter. Compare that to earlier time when we wouldnt even be aware of whats going on in our own region or wouldnt have even been aware of existence of other countries in ancient times
So all in all I truly believe this is the best time we are having and hopefully generations coming after us will have better time than us because progresss and change is the only constant. Unless we don't jeopardize our own future by ignoring our environment and well being of course.

我不认为有比现在更好更宜居的时代。世界以一种自然而然的方式一直在每一个领域取得进步,无论是科学,医学,技术等。我们可能会说,今天我们有这么多的问题,如气候变化,疾病,战争,生物多样性的损失等,我们也必须承认,我们已经获得了相关技能和知识,在了解了这些问题的前提下,许多问题已经提出了解决方案。
我们的社会也在进步,现在我们对妇女的权利、少数民族的权利和社会其他阶层的权利有了新的认识,这些权利早先受到了可悲的对待,甚至连基本权利都没有得到承认。
当今时代,我们有如此多的娱乐模式和数百种方式来获得它们,例如,我们可以在多厅影院、电视或我们的手机上观看电影,与早期相比,所有这些都变得如此实惠。
当今时代,我们有成千上万的途径来开创事业,不像以往的时代,我们要么是战斗战争的士兵,要么是一个在某个国王下的军官或一个不错的工匠,要么是一个反叛的艺术家。现在我们可以成为医生、工程师、科学家、政治家、官僚、演员、艺术家、企业家等等,可能性很多。
此外,科技的出现和各种创新,如互联网、通讯设备和社交媒体,让世界变得更加紧密。我们可能在日本吃早餐,但我们知道亚美尼亚或任何地方发生的事情。相比之下,早期我们甚至不知道我们自己的地区发生了什么,甚至在古代都不知道其他国家的存在。
所以总的来说,我真的相信这是我们所拥有的最好的时代,希望我们之后的几代人会比我们过得更好,因为唯一不变的是进步和变化。 除非我们因为忽视了我们的环境和福祉而危及我们自己的未来。

Bob Smith
Right now and it isn’t even close. The more interesting question is (assuming we don’t destroy ourselves) what is the best to be alive period.
How much better would it be being alive now compared to 100 years from now or 1000 years from now? It is an interesting question. While things do tend to get easier for people as time moves forward, at some point it may arguably hit a bottle neck.
Let’s say we are 200 years in the future, machines and AI now pretty much run the show with virtually no human input needed. We live in a virtual utopia where everything is easy, no work, no innovations that really matter to the common person improve the quality of your life, no immediate goals that need to be met.
That sounds pretty great, but imagine an entire life where you never need to be challenged. Robots and machines wait on you hand and foot. You never need to worry about money or your health or anything else. You just sit around all day playing games and passing the time without ever moving towards something. I wonder if that would get a bit hallow after a while.
No need to be a Doctor. Machines do it better. No need to build anything. Machines do it better. You can do those things but really it is just busy work and ultimately meaningless in the macro sense of the world. I’m not saying that is a horrible deal either, but maybe being alive now is better than being alive in the future. Maybe we are living through the best time period in human history or close to it.

现在,而且还差得很远。更有趣的问题是(假设我们没有毁灭自己)什么时候是最好的活着的时期。
与100年后或1000年后相比,现在活着会有多好?这是一个有趣的问题。虽然随着时间的推移,人们的生活确实会越来越轻松,但在某些时候,它可能会遇到瓶颈。
比方说,我们在未来200年,几乎所有的一切都由机器和人工智能在运行,几乎不需要人类的投入。我们生活在一个虚拟的乌托邦里,一切都很简单,没有工作,没有对普通人真正重要的创新提高你的生活质量,没有需要实现的即时目标。
这听起来很不错,但想象一下,整个生活中你永远不需要被挑战。机器人和机器手脚并用地伺候着你。你永远不需要担心金钱或健康或其他任何事情。你只需要整天坐着玩游戏,打发时间,连一步都不用动。不知道过段时间后会不会觉得有点恐怖。
不需要当医生。机器做得更好。不需要建造任何东西。机器做得更好。你可以做这些事情,但其实这只是使自己显得忙碌,最终对于世界的宏观意义上是没有意义的。我也不是说这是一个可怕的交易,但也许现在活着比未来活着更好。也许我们正生活在人类历史上最好的时期,或者说是接近历史最好的时期。

Adrian Michael Dormer
the exact best moment to be alive is the brief 80 year window you are alive. no offense, but if this question had been posted in the year 43 BC, i’d have page after page of morons claiming the same answer. which begs the question: why does everyone always think it’s right now?

确切地说,活着最好的时刻是你活着的短暂的80年窗口。无意冒犯,但如果这个问题是在公元前43年发布,我会看到有一页又一页的白痴宣称同样的答案。这就引出了一个问题:为什么每个人都认为是现在?
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Anonymous
I think that really depends on what time period and culture you would most connect with. I personally would love to go back to the time of Plato and Socrates in Ancient Greece because I think that (despite its obvious issues like denying women's rights) it was an amazing time to be alive. Ancient Greece was where democracy, language, philosophy, mathematics, architecture, astronomy, and medicine grew and flourished. I would consider it a privilege to be part of that.
Some people would say the 16-18 hundreds with the renaissance and scientific revolution so they could be side by side with scientists like copernicus, newton, franklin, kepler, tesla and so many more.
Others would say the time of the american revolution or maybe the french revolution. So many amazing things happened in these times.
A more biblical person would maybe say the time after the Jewish exodus from Egypt and entering Israel or when Paul of tarsus was spreading the ideas of Jesus around Europe.
It all depends on the thing that most excites you.

我认为这真的取决于你最喜欢什么时间段和文化。我个人很想回到古希腊柏拉图和苏格拉底的时代,因为我认为(尽管它有明显的问题,如剥夺妇女权利),这是一个令人惊奇的时代。古希腊是民主、语言、哲学、数学、建筑、天文学和医学成长和繁荣的地方。我认为能成为其中的一部分是一种荣幸。
有些人会说16-18世纪与文艺复兴和科学革命,所以他们可以与科学家并肩作战,如哥白尼,牛顿,富兰克林,开普勒,特斯拉和更多。
也有人会说是美国革命或者法国革命的时候。这么多令人惊奇的事情发生在这些时代。
一个更喜欢圣经人物的人也许会说犹太人出埃及并进入以色列后的时间,或者当保罗在欧洲传播耶稣的思想时。
这一切都取决于最让你兴奋的事情是什么。

Michael Dennell
, Retired factory worker
I would say anytime between 1920 and 1990. Beginning in the 1920s we had most of the basic modern conveniences such as electric power, gas, refrigerators, radio, automobiles, and stoves that ran on either gas or electricity. Also, those were the best years for entertainments. The best music and the best movies were made back then. The 1950s through the 1970s was the golden age of television. The best shows were on in those days.
During those years the economy was healthy and basic necessities such as food, housing, clothing, and utilities were still affordable for the vast majority of people. Back then if you were willing to work you could find a job. Even if you didn’t have a very good job, you could at least keep a roof over your head and keep food on your table.
Nowadays, many people who work full-time are homeless because rents are so high, and millions of Americans are without health insurance because it has become so expensive. Many young people who go to college can’t even find jobs after they graduate. The economy is very out of balance. Wages have not kept up with the cost of living, and with automation and artificial intelligence millions of jobs no longer exist. Anymore, you have to be a highly paid professional or a highly successful entrepreneur just to afford a place to live.

我想说的是1920年到1990年之间的任何时候。从20世纪20年代开始,我们拥有了大部分基本的现代便利设施,如电力、煤气、冰箱、收音机、汽车,以及用煤气或电力运行的炉子。此外,那是娱乐业最好的年代。最好的音乐和最好的电影都是在那时制作的。20世纪50年代到70年代是电视的黄金时代。最好的节目在那些日子里上演。
在那些年里,经济是健康的,基本的生活必需品,如食物、住房、衣服和水电费等,绝大多数人都还能负担得起。那时候只要你愿意工作,就能找到工作。即使你没有一份很好的工作,你至少可以养活自己,让食物出现在你的桌子上。
现在,很多全职工作的人都无家可归,因为房租太高了,数百万美国人没有医疗保险,因为它变得如此昂贵。许多上大学的年轻人毕业后甚至找不到工作。经济很不平衡。工资没有跟上生活成本,随着自动化和人工智能的发展,数以百万计的工作岗位不再存在。无论如何,你必须是一个高薪的专业人士,或者是一个非常成功的企业家,才能买得起住的地方。

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