英国警告称，它对气候混乱没有准备
正文翻译
(Expect more of this: extreme weather will put infrastructure under pressure)
（预计会看到更多这种情况：极端天气将给基础设施带来压力）
新闻：
UK warned it is unprepared for climate chaos
-The UK is woefully unprepared to deal with changes occurring to the climate, government advisers say.
英国警告称，它对气候混乱没有准备
——政府顾问表示，英国在应对气候变化方面毫无准备。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
-The UK is woefully unprepared to deal with changes occurring to the climate, government advisers say.
英国警告称，它对气候混乱没有准备
——政府顾问表示，英国在应对气候变化方面毫无准备。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
(Expect more of this: extreme weather will put infrastructure under pressure)
（预计会看到更多这种情况：极端天气将给基础设施带来压力）
新闻：
A report by the independent Climate Change Committee predicts warming will hit the UK harder than first thought.
独立的气候变化委员会的一份报告预测，气候变暖对英国的打击将比预想的更严重。
独立的气候变化委员会的一份报告预测，气候变暖对英国的打击将比预想的更严重。
It warns of more severe heatwaves, especially in big cities, and more intense rainfall, with an increased flood risk across most of the UK.
它警告说，会有更多严重的热浪，特别是在大城市，以及更多的强降雨，在英国大部分地区增加洪水风险。
它警告说，会有更多严重的热浪，特别是在大城市，以及更多的强降雨，在英国大部分地区增加洪水风险。
It says homes, infrastructure and services must be made resilient to floods, heat and humid nights.
报告说，必须使房屋、基础设施和服务能够抵御洪水、炎热和潮湿的夜晚。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
报告说，必须使房屋、基础设施和服务能够抵御洪水、炎热和潮湿的夜晚。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The authors of the report on adaptation, or "climate-proofing", warn that global warming can cause damage running into tens of billions of pounds over short periods - and they say they're frustrated at the lack of government action.
这份关于适应气候变化或“气候保护”的报告的作者们警告说，全球变暖可能在短期内造成高达数百亿英镑的损失——他们说，他们对政府缺乏行动感到失望。
这份关于适应气候变化或“气候保护”的报告的作者们警告说，全球变暖可能在短期内造成高达数百亿英镑的损失——他们说，他们对政府缺乏行动感到失望。
The committee, also known as the CCC, says the UK is even worse prepared than it was five years ago, at the time of its last report on the risks of climate change.
该委员会也被称为CCC，它说英国的准备甚至比五年前更差——当时它作了关于气候变化风险的上一份报告。
该委员会也被称为CCC，它说英国的准备甚至比五年前更差——当时它作了关于气候变化风险的上一份报告。
The CCC is an independent group of experts set up to provide the government with advice on the climate crisis.
CCC是一个独立的专家小组，专门为政府提供气候危机方面的建议。
CCC是一个独立的专家小组，专门为政府提供气候危机方面的建议。
The chairwoman of the CCC's sub-committee on adaptation, Baroness Brown, said ministers appeared to be deterred from taking action by the upfront costs of protecting infrastructure. This is because the benefits sometimes are not seen for several years.
气候变化委员会适应小组委员会主席布朗男爵夫人说，大臣们似乎被保护基础设施的前期成本吓得不敢采取行动。这是因为这些好处有时好几年都看不到。
气候变化委员会适应小组委员会主席布朗男爵夫人说，大臣们似乎被保护基础设施的前期成本吓得不敢采取行动。这是因为这些好处有时好几年都看不到。
"They think they can put adaptation off until tomorrow," she said. "But now's the time for urgent action."
“他们认为他们可以把适应推迟到明天，”她说。“但现在已经是采取紧急行动的时候了。”
“他们认为他们可以把适应推迟到明天，”她说。“但现在已经是采取紧急行动的时候了。”
Responding to the report's findings, a government spokesman said many of the issues raised were being addressed in policy.
一位政府发言人在回应报告的调查结果时表示，许多提出的问题已在政策上得到解决。
一位政府发言人在回应报告的调查结果时表示，许多提出的问题已在政策上得到解决。
Here's what the CCC says the government must do to better prepare for the impacts of climate change:
以下是气候变化委员会认为政府必须采取的措施，以便更好地应对气候变化的影响：
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
以下是气候变化委员会认为政府必须采取的措施，以便更好地应对气候变化的影响：
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Buildings
There's a need to insulate buildings to save emissions, but overheating has emerged as a deadly risk - especially in flats. The government must force landlords to improve cooling by, say, installing sunshades. Ministers must ensure all new homes are built for a hotter climate.
建筑
有必要为建筑物隔热以减少排放，但过热已成为一种致命的风险——尤其是在公寓中。政府必须通过安装遮阳板等方式迫使房东改善散热效果。大臣们必须确保所有的新房都是为更炎热的气候建造的。
There's a need to insulate buildings to save emissions, but overheating has emerged as a deadly risk - especially in flats. The government must force landlords to improve cooling by, say, installing sunshades. Ministers must ensure all new homes are built for a hotter climate.
建筑
有必要为建筑物隔热以减少排放，但过热已成为一种致命的风险——尤其是在公寓中。政府必须通过安装遮阳板等方式迫使房东改善散热效果。大臣们必须确保所有的新房都是为更炎热的气候建造的。
Nature
The state of UK nature has been declining for some time, with habitat loss one of the factors driving the loss of plant and animal species. Climate change will make the situation worse. Beech trees won't be able to tolerate conditions in southern England by 2050.
自然
一段时间以来，英国的自然状况一直在下降，栖息地的丧失是导致动植物物种消失的因素之一。气候变化将使情况变得更糟。到2050年，山毛榉树将无法忍受英格兰南部的环境。
The state of UK nature has been declining for some time, with habitat loss one of the factors driving the loss of plant and animal species. Climate change will make the situation worse. Beech trees won't be able to tolerate conditions in southern England by 2050.
自然
一段时间以来，英国的自然状况一直在下降，栖息地的丧失是导致动植物物种消失的因素之一。气候变化将使情况变得更糟。到2050年，山毛榉树将无法忍受英格兰南部的环境。
Three-quarters of upland species are likely to struggle by the end of the century, the report says. Meanwhile, peat bogs currently help reduce the effects of climate change by absorbing carbon from the atmosphere. But if the world continues to warm at the current rate, peatlands could dry out, and begin releasing their stored carbon into the air.
报告称，到本世纪末，四分之三的高地物种可能面临灭绝的危险。与此同时，泥炭沼泽目前通过吸收大气中的碳来帮助减少气候变化的影响。但如果世界继续以目前的速度变暖，泥炭地可能会干涸，并开始向空气中释放储存的碳。
报告称，到本世纪末，四分之三的高地物种可能面临灭绝的危险。与此同时，泥炭沼泽目前通过吸收大气中的碳来帮助减少气候变化的影响。但如果世界继续以目前的速度变暖，泥炭地可能会干涸，并开始向空气中释放储存的碳。
The government must re-wet 100% of upland peat moors urgently, the report says.
该报告称，政府必须立即重新润湿100%的高地泥炭沼泽。
该报告称，政府必须立即重新润湿100%的高地泥炭沼泽。
Supply chains
Climate change will place pressure on our increasingly connected world and the effects can take us by surprise. For example, about 10 years ago, flooding in Thailand caused a global shortage of computer hard drives.
供应链
气候变化将给我们日益紧密联系的世界带来压力，其影响可能会让我们措手不及。例如，大约10年前，泰国的洪水导致全球电脑硬盘驱动器短缺。
Climate change will place pressure on our increasingly connected world and the effects can take us by surprise. For example, about 10 years ago, flooding in Thailand caused a global shortage of computer hard drives.
供应链
气候变化将给我们日益紧密联系的世界带来压力，其影响可能会让我们措手不及。例如，大约10年前，泰国的洪水导致全球电脑硬盘驱动器短缺。
Rising temperatures will put supply chains at risk for food, medicines, goods and services. The report says businesses must be told to make information available to the public on threats to their supply chains.
不断上升的气温将使食品、药品、商品和服务的供应链面临风险。该报告称，必须告知企业向公众提供有关其供应链受到威胁的信息。
不断上升的气温将使食品、药品、商品和服务的供应链面临风险。该报告称，必须告知企业向公众提供有关其供应链受到威胁的信息。
The electrical grid
As the UK makes the transition to a low-carbon economy, we'll need more electricity for heating, lighting, and for our vehicles. So power cuts because of extreme weather will hurt the country more.
电网
随着英国向低碳经济转型，我们将需要更多的电力用于取暖、照明和汽车。因此，极端天气造成的停电对这个国家的伤害更大。
As the UK makes the transition to a low-carbon economy, we'll need more electricity for heating, lighting, and for our vehicles. So power cuts because of extreme weather will hurt the country more.
电网
随着英国向低碳经济转型，我们将需要更多的电力用于取暖、照明和汽车。因此，极端天气造成的停电对这个国家的伤害更大。
In one recent example, a lightning strike caused power cuts across England and stranded people on trains in August 2019.
在最近的一个例子中，2019年8月，一场雷击导致英格兰各地断电，人们被困在火车上。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
在最近的一个例子中，2019年8月，一场雷击导致英格兰各地断电，人们被困在火车上。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The committee says a heating climate will bring some opportunities for the UK - such as the ability to grow different crops, a longer growing season that will benefit farmers and fewer winter deaths from cold - but it says these are massively outweighed by the risks.
该委员会表示，不断变暖的气候将为英国带来一些机遇，比如能够种植不同的作物，更长的生长季节将有利于农民，以及减少冬季因寒冷而死亡的人数。但该委员会表示，这些机遇远远超过了风险。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
该委员会表示，不断变暖的气候将为英国带来一些机遇，比如能够种植不同的作物，更长的生长季节将有利于农民，以及减少冬季因寒冷而死亡的人数。但该委员会表示，这些机遇远远超过了风险。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
The committee's chief executive, Chris Stark, said CCC members were so frustrated with the lack of progress on climate-proofing the UK that they deliberately made this report "spiky".
该委员会的首席执行官克里斯·斯塔克表示，气候变化委员会成员对英国在应对气候变化方面缺乏进展感到非常失望，以至于他们故意让这份报告显得“尖锐”。
该委员会的首席执行官克里斯·斯塔克表示，气候变化委员会成员对英国在应对气候变化方面缺乏进展感到非常失望，以至于他们故意让这份报告显得“尖锐”。
He said: "It's really troubling how little attention the government has paid to this." He told BBC News: "The extent of planning for many of the risks is really shocking. We are not thinking clearly about what lies ahead."
他表示：“政府对这一问题的关注如此之少，实在令人不安。”他对BBC新闻说：“为许多风险制定计划的（低完善）程度真的令人震惊。我们没有清楚地思考未来会发生什么。”
他表示：“政府对这一问题的关注如此之少，实在令人不安。”他对BBC新闻说：“为许多风险制定计划的（低完善）程度真的令人震惊。我们没有清楚地思考未来会发生什么。”
While the world could warm by an average of 4C by 2100, the report say the UK government's plans are inadequate to cope even with a 2C temperature rise.
报告称，尽管到2100年全球平均气温可能上升4摄氏度，但英国政府的计划甚至不足以应对2摄氏度的气温上升。
报告称，尽管到2100年全球平均气温可能上升4摄氏度，但英国政府的计划甚至不足以应对2摄氏度的气温上升。
Ministers must factor climate change more into policy-making, the committee says.
该委员会说，大臣们必须在决策中更多地考虑气候变化因素。
该委员会说，大臣们必须在决策中更多地考虑气候变化因素。
The report notes that, over the last five years, more than 500,000 homes have been built to inadequate standards. These will now need to be adapted at considerable expense to cope with more severe heatwaves.
该报告指出，在过去5年里，超过50万套住房的建造标准不达标。现在需要以相当大的代价调整这些措施，以应对更严重的热浪。
该报告指出，在过去5年里，超过50万套住房的建造标准不达标。现在需要以相当大的代价调整这些措施，以应对更严重的热浪。
The report foresees a potential "cascade" of problems from extreme weather, in which different risks combine.
该报告预测了极端天气可能引发的一系列问题，在这些问题中，不同的风险结合在一起。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
该报告预测了极端天气可能引发的一系列问题，在这些问题中，不同的风险结合在一起。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
These might include heatwaves and floods leading to IT failures and problems with sewage, water, power and transport.
这可能包括导致IT故障的热浪和洪水，以及污水、水、电力和交通问题。
这可能包括导致IT故障的热浪和洪水，以及污水、水、电力和交通问题。
Climate-proofing: What you can do
气候防护：你能做什么
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
气候防护：你能做什么
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Kathryn Brown, head of adaptation at the CCC, has planted creepers to shade her walls. She recommends that home owners - especially in south-east England - should also fit window shutters to keep the sun off the glass.
气候变化中心的适应性主任凯瑟琳·布朗种植了攀缘植物来遮蔽她的墙壁。她建议房主——尤其是英格兰东南部的房主——也应该安装百叶窗来遮挡阳光。
气候变化中心的适应性主任凯瑟琳·布朗种植了攀缘植物来遮蔽她的墙壁。她建议房主——尤其是英格兰东南部的房主——也应该安装百叶窗来遮挡阳光。
She also recommends people plant trees to help shade buildings, and avoid paving over gardens because the slabs can absorb heat.
她还建议人们植树为建筑物遮阳，避免在花园上铺路，因为石板会吸收热量。
她还建议人们植树为建筑物遮阳，避免在花园上铺路，因为石板会吸收热量。
She insists the government must help ensure that people in flats are protected from heatwaves, by improving ventilation and shading. Developers could improve shading by building in architectural features that shield homes from the sun's rays.
她坚持认为政府必须通过改善通风和遮阳来确保住在公寓里的人们免受热浪侵袭。开发商可以通过在建筑中添加遮阳功能来改善遮阳效果。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
她坚持认为政府必须通过改善通风和遮阳来确保住在公寓里的人们免受热浪侵袭。开发商可以通过在建筑中添加遮阳功能来改善遮阳效果。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Kathryn Brown says people can do more to prepare for floods by signing up to free flood warnings, and looking at options for flood protection, such as door guards.
凯瑟琳·布朗表示，人们可以通过签署免费的洪水预警，并寻找防洪选项，比如安装门警装置，来为防范洪水做更多准备。
凯瑟琳·布朗表示，人们可以通过签署免费的洪水预警，并寻找防洪选项，比如安装门警装置，来为防范洪水做更多准备。
The document is based on a huge review of the scientific literature by 450 experts from 130 organisations.
该文件基于130个组织的450位专家对科学文献的大量审阅。
该文件基于130个组织的450位专家对科学文献的大量审阅。
One of the lead authors was Prof Dame Julia Slingo, former chief scientist at the UK Met Office in Exeter. She told BBC News: "Things are worse than we have anticipated."
研究报告的主要作者之一是前英国气象局首席科学家朱莉娅·斯林戈教授。她告诉BBC新闻：“事情比我们预想的还要糟糕。”
研究报告的主要作者之一是前英国气象局首席科学家朱莉娅·斯林戈教授。她告诉BBC新闻：“事情比我们预想的还要糟糕。”
Downpours that dump 20mm of water in an hour will become twice as frequent as previously projected. Winter extreme rainfall could be up to 40% more intense.
Surface water flooding will become a serious hazard as drains overflow during these rainstorms.
一小时内倾泻20毫米水的暴雨将是之前预测的两倍。冬季极端降雨的强度可能会增加40%。在暴雨期间，下水道会溢出，地表水将会成为严重的危险。
Surface water flooding will become a serious hazard as drains overflow during these rainstorms.
一小时内倾泻20毫米水的暴雨将是之前预测的两倍。冬季极端降雨的强度可能会增加40%。在暴雨期间，下水道会溢出，地表水将会成为严重的危险。
'I can't concentrate in my sweltering flat'
By Chris Wimpress - BBC News
“在闷热的公寓里我无法集中注意力”
——克里斯·维普瑞思——BBC新闻
By Chris Wimpress - BBC News
“在闷热的公寓里我无法集中注意力”
——克里斯·维普瑞思——BBC新闻
Most nights when I've come home from work this week, the temperature in my flat has been hovering around 30C. I've got ceiling fans in the living room, and in the bedroom I've got a desk fan and a cooling unit. Even so, sleeping at night this week has been difficult and I've been going to work tired and tetchy.
这周的大多数晚上，当我下班回家时，我公寓的温度一直徘徊在30摄氏度左右。客厅里有吊扇，卧室里有台电扇和制冷装置。即便如此，这周晚上睡觉还是很困难，我一直都是带着疲惫和暴躁去上班。
这周的大多数晚上，当我下班回家时，我公寓的温度一直徘徊在30摄氏度左右。客厅里有吊扇，卧室里有台电扇和制冷装置。即便如此，这周晚上睡觉还是很困难，我一直都是带着疲惫和暴躁去上班。
Until a couple of years ago, my flat was mostly in shade owing to a large office block opposite. But that building was demolished and now, on sunny days, my west-facing flat is bathed in sunshine for up to eight hours each day.
直到几年前，我的公寓都是在阴凉处，因为对面是一座大办公大楼。但那栋建筑已被拆除，现在，在阳光明媚的日子里，我那朝西的公寓每天都能沐浴在阳光下长达八小时。
直到几年前，我的公寓都是在阴凉处，因为对面是一座大办公大楼。但那栋建筑已被拆除，现在，在阳光明媚的日子里，我那朝西的公寓每天都能沐浴在阳光下长达八小时。
Like a lot of people, I have worked from home quite a lot in the past year or so. There have been afternoons when I've sat on video calls dripping with sweat, struggling to concentrate and thinking I really ought to find somewhere else to live. So far, we've had about two weeks of hot weather in London this summer, and it's only the middle of June.
和很多人一样，在过去的一年里，我有相当多的时间在家工作。有那么几个下午，我坐着接视频电话，汗流浃背，难以集中精神，并认为我真的应该换个地方住。到目前为止，今年夏天伦敦已经持续了大约两周的炎热天气，而现在才6月中旬。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
和很多人一样，在过去的一年里，我有相当多的时间在家工作。有那么几个下午，我坐着接视频电话，汗流浃背，难以集中精神，并认为我真的应该换个地方住。到目前为止，今年夏天伦敦已经持续了大约两周的炎热天气，而现在才6月中旬。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Co-author Prof Richard Betts, head of climate impacts research at the Met Office, told BBC News: "The main thing is that the risks of climate change to the UK are even higher than we appreciated five years ago."
合著者、英国气象局气候影响研究负责人理查德·贝茨教授告诉BBC新闻：“主要的问题在于，气候变化对英国的风险甚至比我们五年前认识到的还要高。”
合著者、英国气象局气候影响研究负责人理查德·贝茨教授告诉BBC新闻：“主要的问题在于，气候变化对英国的风险甚至比我们五年前认识到的还要高。”
Unless global emissions are drastically cut, he says, the UK could experience temperatures highs of 40C every three-and-a-half years.
他说，除非全球排放量大幅减少，否则英国每三年半就会经历40摄氏度的高温。
他说，除非全球排放量大幅减少，否则英国每三年半就会经历40摄氏度的高温。
A government spokesman said action to adapt to climate change was "integrated" across different government departments.
一位政府发言人表示，适应气候变化的行动是由不同的政府部门“整合”的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
一位政府发言人表示，适应气候变化的行动是由不同的政府部门“整合”的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
He added: "The UK was the first major world economy to set a target of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Our plan to further reduce emissions in 2035 by at least 78% compared to 1990 levels is the highest reduction target by a major economy to date.
他补充说：“英国是世界上第一个设定到2050年温室气体净零排放目标的主要经济体。我们计划到2035年在1990年的基础上进一步减少78%以上的排放，这是迄今为止主要经济体制定的最高减排目标。
他补充说：“英国是世界上第一个设定到2050年温室气体净零排放目标的主要经济体。我们计划到2035年在1990年的基础上进一步减少78%以上的排放，这是迄今为止主要经济体制定的最高减排目标。
"We welcome this report and will consider its recommendations closely as we continue to demonstrate global leadership on climate change ahead of COP26 (the climate summit to be held in Glasgow) in November."
“我们欢迎这份报告，并将密切考虑其建议，因为我们将在11月格拉斯哥举行的COP26（气候峰会）之前继续展示我们全球在气候变化方面的领导力。”
“我们欢迎这份报告，并将密切考虑其建议，因为我们将在11月格拉斯哥举行的COP26（气候峰会）之前继续展示我们全球在气候变化方面的领导力。”
评论翻译
pajamakittenDorset
When the public is unwilling to do what is necessary to force the government into action, what do you expect?
To stand a chance, we have to give up a lot of modern conveniences and we have to do so now. That does not mean replacing cars with electric vehicles or replacing meat with lab-grown meat, it means reducing our consumption significantly and inducing the most significant change to humanity's lifestyle that has ever been seen. It's an incredibly uncomfortable thought, however it is the only chance we actually have now.
当公众不愿意采取必要的行动来迫使政府采取行动时，你还能指望什么呢？
为了有机会，我们必须放弃许多现代便利设施，我们现在就必须这样做。这并不是说要用电动汽车取代汽车，也不是说要用实验室培养的肉类取代动物肉类，而是说要大幅减少我们的消费，并对人类的生活方式带来前所未有的重大改变。这是一个非常不舒服的想法，但这是我们现在唯一的机会。
When the public is unwilling to do what is necessary to force the government into action, what do you expect?
To stand a chance, we have to give up a lot of modern conveniences and we have to do so now. That does not mean replacing cars with electric vehicles or replacing meat with lab-grown meat, it means reducing our consumption significantly and inducing the most significant change to humanity's lifestyle that has ever been seen. It's an incredibly uncomfortable thought, however it is the only chance we actually have now.
当公众不愿意采取必要的行动来迫使政府采取行动时，你还能指望什么呢？
为了有机会，我们必须放弃许多现代便利设施，我们现在就必须这样做。这并不是说要用电动汽车取代汽车，也不是说要用实验室培养的肉类取代动物肉类，而是说要大幅减少我们的消费，并对人类的生活方式带来前所未有的重大改变。这是一个非常不舒服的想法，但这是我们现在唯一的机会。
WolfThawraLondon (ex Cambridgeshire)
What is most frustrating about this is that a lot of those changes really don't even need to be that incredibly painful, if started early. The problem is that this chance passed about two decades ago.
Say meat consumption: I've reduced mine quite a lot, and while I still enjoy eating (high-quality) meat once in a while, I've realised that most of the cheap stuff one would usually buy really isn't that good at all. This is not even some kind of reduction of living standards, it's just a change of habits.
Say driving: getting more people to cycle and walk in cities has huge benefits not only to society at large, but even to the people themselves. It's a real possibility that effecting change in that direction twenty years ago could have gone some way to reduce how fucking fat the UK is on average, which in turn might conceivably have reduced the death toll in the current pandemic too, considering it's a risk factor.
最令人沮丧的是，如果开始得早，很多改变其实并不需要那么痛苦。问题是，这个机会在大约20年前就过去了。
比如肉类消费：我已经减少了很多，虽然我仍然喜欢偶尔吃（高质量的）肉类，但我已经意识到，人们通常会买的大多数便宜的东西真的一点都不好。这甚至不是某种生活水平的降低，而是一种习惯的改变。
比如开车：让更多的人在城市里骑自行车和走路不仅对整个社会有巨大的好处，甚至对人们自己也有巨大的好处。这是一种真实的可能性，二十年前的影响方向的改变可以在某种程度上减少英国的平均肥胖水平，这反过来也可能降低当前大流行的死亡人数，考虑到这也是一个风险因素。
What is most frustrating about this is that a lot of those changes really don't even need to be that incredibly painful, if started early. The problem is that this chance passed about two decades ago.
Say meat consumption: I've reduced mine quite a lot, and while I still enjoy eating (high-quality) meat once in a while, I've realised that most of the cheap stuff one would usually buy really isn't that good at all. This is not even some kind of reduction of living standards, it's just a change of habits.
Say driving: getting more people to cycle and walk in cities has huge benefits not only to society at large, but even to the people themselves. It's a real possibility that effecting change in that direction twenty years ago could have gone some way to reduce how fucking fat the UK is on average, which in turn might conceivably have reduced the death toll in the current pandemic too, considering it's a risk factor.
最令人沮丧的是，如果开始得早，很多改变其实并不需要那么痛苦。问题是，这个机会在大约20年前就过去了。
比如肉类消费：我已经减少了很多，虽然我仍然喜欢偶尔吃（高质量的）肉类，但我已经意识到，人们通常会买的大多数便宜的东西真的一点都不好。这甚至不是某种生活水平的降低，而是一种习惯的改变。
比如开车：让更多的人在城市里骑自行车和走路不仅对整个社会有巨大的好处，甚至对人们自己也有巨大的好处。这是一种真实的可能性，二十年前的影响方向的改变可以在某种程度上减少英国的平均肥胖水平，这反过来也可能降低当前大流行的死亡人数，考虑到这也是一个风险因素。
StanStanlinson
I think it's unrealistic to assume any sizable population could make inconvenient changes to their lifestyles in order to prevent a problem whose effects have yet to be fully seen. Maybe it's just how humans are wired, I don't know, but I don't think there is any moral high ground to be taken here. The best we can do in my opinion is to live in the manner in which we wish everyone else would live their lives. And we can then inspire those around us and maybe convince them to make some of the changes we have made.
我认为，为了防止影响尚未完全显现的气候问题，就假设相当多的人口会对他们的生活方式做出不便的改变，这是不现实的。也许这只是人类的天性，我不知道，但我不认为这里有什么道德高地可以占据。在我看来，我们所能做的最好的事情就是按照我们希望别人过的生活方式来生活。然后我们可以激励周围的人，也许说服他们做一些我们已经做过的改变。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I think it's unrealistic to assume any sizable population could make inconvenient changes to their lifestyles in order to prevent a problem whose effects have yet to be fully seen. Maybe it's just how humans are wired, I don't know, but I don't think there is any moral high ground to be taken here. The best we can do in my opinion is to live in the manner in which we wish everyone else would live their lives. And we can then inspire those around us and maybe convince them to make some of the changes we have made.
我认为，为了防止影响尚未完全显现的气候问题，就假设相当多的人口会对他们的生活方式做出不便的改变，这是不现实的。也许这只是人类的天性，我不知道，但我不认为这里有什么道德高地可以占据。在我看来，我们所能做的最好的事情就是按照我们希望别人过的生活方式来生活。然后我们可以激励周围的人，也许说服他们做一些我们已经做过的改变。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
WolfThawraLondon (ex Cambridgeshire)
The point of government is literally to do things that are in the interest of society. Reducing meat consumption definitely is, btw even apart from the impact on climate change, e.g. just for health reasons. With regards to driving, government has even a significantly higher impact on people's behaviour. There are absolutely things that could have been done, and things that still can be done.
Hoping for individuals to just do the right thing spontaneously is what has been done instead, and look where it's gotten us.
从字面上讲，政府的意义在于做有益于社会的事情。减少肉类消费肯定是之一，顺便说一句，即使不考虑对气候变化的影响，例如，只是出于健康原因，也是。在驾驶方面，政府甚至对人们的行为有更大的影响。绝对有一些事情是本可以做到的，还有一些事情是现在也可以做到的。
然而希望人们自发地做正确的事情是已经尝试过的事情，但是看看它给我们带来了什么（什么也没有）。
The point of government is literally to do things that are in the interest of society. Reducing meat consumption definitely is, btw even apart from the impact on climate change, e.g. just for health reasons. With regards to driving, government has even a significantly higher impact on people's behaviour. There are absolutely things that could have been done, and things that still can be done.
Hoping for individuals to just do the right thing spontaneously is what has been done instead, and look where it's gotten us.
从字面上讲，政府的意义在于做有益于社会的事情。减少肉类消费肯定是之一，顺便说一句，即使不考虑对气候变化的影响，例如，只是出于健康原因，也是。在驾驶方面，政府甚至对人们的行为有更大的影响。绝对有一些事情是本可以做到的，还有一些事情是现在也可以做到的。
然而希望人们自发地做正确的事情是已经尝试过的事情，但是看看它给我们带来了什么（什么也没有）。
StanStanlinson
It's not about hoping for individuals to do the right thing. It's about considering what impact we can realistically make as individuals within our lifetimes. Unless you dedicate your life to working towards mitigating the crisis, you are very limited as to what you can achieve. However we still have potential, regardless of how small it may be. We may only be able to change our lifestyle and influence the lifestyles of a couple of friends over the course of our life, but even something is better than nothing. The way I see it, if we expect others to make changes to their lifestyles then we must be the first to do so. Blaming people for not doing enough while we still have far more to be doing doesn't seem morally correct. Any time spent blaming others could be spent productively on making a positive contribution towards the crisis. It could be spent inspiring others. It's also important to remember that we can't expect others to be perfect, nor can we expect the government to always act in the public's best interest. These things are just not realistic, and this is a situation which calls upon us to be realistic, not idealistic.
这不是希望个人做正确的事。它是关于考虑我们作为个体在我们的一生中可以实际地产生什么样的影响。除非你把你的一生都致力于减轻危机，否则你能取得的成就是非常有限的。然而，我们仍然有潜力，不管它有多小。在我们的一生中，我们可能只能改变我们的生活方式，影响几个朋友的生活方式，但即使有一些也比没有好。在我看来，如果我们希望别人改变他们的生活方式，那么我们必须是第一个这么做的人。在我们还有很多事情要做的时候，却责怪别人做得不够，这在道德上似乎是不正确的。任何用来指责他人的时间，都可以用来对危机作出积极贡献。它可以用来鼓舞他人。同样重要的是要记住，我们不能指望别人是完美的，我们也不能指望政府总是以公众的最佳利益来行事。这些都是不现实的，这种情况要求我们要现实，而不是理想主义。
It's not about hoping for individuals to do the right thing. It's about considering what impact we can realistically make as individuals within our lifetimes. Unless you dedicate your life to working towards mitigating the crisis, you are very limited as to what you can achieve. However we still have potential, regardless of how small it may be. We may only be able to change our lifestyle and influence the lifestyles of a couple of friends over the course of our life, but even something is better than nothing. The way I see it, if we expect others to make changes to their lifestyles then we must be the first to do so. Blaming people for not doing enough while we still have far more to be doing doesn't seem morally correct. Any time spent blaming others could be spent productively on making a positive contribution towards the crisis. It could be spent inspiring others. It's also important to remember that we can't expect others to be perfect, nor can we expect the government to always act in the public's best interest. These things are just not realistic, and this is a situation which calls upon us to be realistic, not idealistic.
这不是希望个人做正确的事。它是关于考虑我们作为个体在我们的一生中可以实际地产生什么样的影响。除非你把你的一生都致力于减轻危机，否则你能取得的成就是非常有限的。然而，我们仍然有潜力，不管它有多小。在我们的一生中，我们可能只能改变我们的生活方式，影响几个朋友的生活方式，但即使有一些也比没有好。在我看来，如果我们希望别人改变他们的生活方式，那么我们必须是第一个这么做的人。在我们还有很多事情要做的时候，却责怪别人做得不够，这在道德上似乎是不正确的。任何用来指责他人的时间，都可以用来对危机作出积极贡献。它可以用来鼓舞他人。同样重要的是要记住，我们不能指望别人是完美的，我们也不能指望政府总是以公众的最佳利益来行事。这些都是不现实的，这种情况要求我们要现实，而不是理想主义。
edgeofsanity76
The world has to be pretty much carbon nuetral by 2050. That is a big ask.
However, even China has signed up on this and that is a good thing. Because actually, we do need autocratic societies to just get on with whats needed, without debate. This kind of falls into their way of thinking, proving that they are better than the rest of the world at tackling issues like this.
到2050年，世界必须达到碳中和。这是一个很大的要求。
然而，就连中国也签署了这一协议，这是一件好事。因为实际上，我们确实需要集权型的社会来满足我们的需求，消除任何争议。这符合他们的思维方式，证明他们比世界上其他国家更擅长解决这类问题。
The world has to be pretty much carbon nuetral by 2050. That is a big ask.
However, even China has signed up on this and that is a good thing. Because actually, we do need autocratic societies to just get on with whats needed, without debate. This kind of falls into their way of thinking, proving that they are better than the rest of the world at tackling issues like this.
到2050年，世界必须达到碳中和。这是一个很大的要求。
然而，就连中国也签署了这一协议，这是一件好事。因为实际上，我们确实需要集权型的社会来满足我们的需求，消除任何争议。这符合他们的思维方式，证明他们比世界上其他国家更擅长解决这类问题。
bahumat42Berkshire
I mean I see a lot of countries agreeing to things, but very little in the way of substantive change.
我想说，我看到很多国家都同意，但很少有实质性的改变。
I mean I see a lot of countries agreeing to things, but very little in the way of substantive change.
我想说，我看到很多国家都同意，但很少有实质性的改变。
3dPrintedZoidberg
No country is prepared. Climatologists are predicting at least several hundred million climate refugees by the end of the century, & maybe as many as a billion.
If something like half a million refugees is enough to spark reactionary politics at the scale of Brexit, what's 100 million gonna do?
The trend line for annual increase of global CO2 emissions due to fossil fuels & land use change hasn't budged one bit. It's still accelerating at 1.65% compounding per year.
Without extremely radical global reform, the latter half of this century is likely to see cruelty & destruction the scale of which our species has not yet encountered.
没有一个国家准备好了。气候学家预测，到本世纪末，至少会有数亿气候难民，甚至可能多达10亿。
如果50万难民就足以引发脱欧规模的反动政治，那么1亿人又能做什么呢？
由于化石燃料和土地利用的变化，全球二氧化碳排放量的年增长趋势没有丝毫变化。它仍然以每年1.65%的速度加速。
如果没有极端激进的全球改革，本世纪下半叶可能会看到我们人类从未遇到过的残酷和破坏。
No country is prepared. Climatologists are predicting at least several hundred million climate refugees by the end of the century, & maybe as many as a billion.
If something like half a million refugees is enough to spark reactionary politics at the scale of Brexit, what's 100 million gonna do?
The trend line for annual increase of global CO2 emissions due to fossil fuels & land use change hasn't budged one bit. It's still accelerating at 1.65% compounding per year.
Without extremely radical global reform, the latter half of this century is likely to see cruelty & destruction the scale of which our species has not yet encountered.
没有一个国家准备好了。气候学家预测，到本世纪末，至少会有数亿气候难民，甚至可能多达10亿。
如果50万难民就足以引发脱欧规模的反动政治，那么1亿人又能做什么呢？
由于化石燃料和土地利用的变化，全球二氧化碳排放量的年增长趋势没有丝毫变化。它仍然以每年1.65%的速度加速。
如果没有极端激进的全球改革，本世纪下半叶可能会看到我们人类从未遇到过的残酷和破坏。
FloppyPianist
Until politicians start talking about ending the pursuit of infinite growth and going for a managed decline of the population, they aren't serious about tackling this.
We can plant trees, we can buy electric cars, we can be more energy efficient, but as long as we keep building more homes and infrastructure because growth demands it, we're not achieving anything.
Another awkward truth capitalism will never allow to be addressed is that much of the industry that contributes carbon and plastic to the environment is completely unnecessary. We've gone beyond the point where multi-national corporations should have an automatic right to produce Coca-Cola, or plastic tubs of chocolates wrapped in plastic. And all the carbon that's involved in sustaining that completely unnecessary and destructive industry.
除非政治家们开始谈论结束对无限增长的追求，转而寻求人口的可控下降，否则他们不会认真对待这个问题。
我们可以种树，我们可以买电动汽车，我们可以提高能源效率，但只要我们继续建造更多的住房和基础设施，因为经济增长需要这些，我们就不会取得任何（减排）成就。
资本主义永远不会允许解决气候问题的另一个尴尬的事实是，许多向环境排放碳和塑料的行业是完全不必要的。我们已经过了跨国公司应该自动拥有生产可口可乐或塑料包装巧克力的权利。所有排放的碳都参与了维持这个完全不必要的、具有破坏性的产业。
Until politicians start talking about ending the pursuit of infinite growth and going for a managed decline of the population, they aren't serious about tackling this.
We can plant trees, we can buy electric cars, we can be more energy efficient, but as long as we keep building more homes and infrastructure because growth demands it, we're not achieving anything.
Another awkward truth capitalism will never allow to be addressed is that much of the industry that contributes carbon and plastic to the environment is completely unnecessary. We've gone beyond the point where multi-national corporations should have an automatic right to produce Coca-Cola, or plastic tubs of chocolates wrapped in plastic. And all the carbon that's involved in sustaining that completely unnecessary and destructive industry.
除非政治家们开始谈论结束对无限增长的追求，转而寻求人口的可控下降，否则他们不会认真对待这个问题。
我们可以种树，我们可以买电动汽车，我们可以提高能源效率，但只要我们继续建造更多的住房和基础设施，因为经济增长需要这些，我们就不会取得任何（减排）成就。
资本主义永远不会允许解决气候问题的另一个尴尬的事实是，许多向环境排放碳和塑料的行业是完全不必要的。我们已经过了跨国公司应该自动拥有生产可口可乐或塑料包装巧克力的权利。所有排放的碳都参与了维持这个完全不必要的、具有破坏性的产业。
The-Smelliest-CatScottish Highlands
I actually don't think we have any chance.
People don't care enough to make the required changes in their lives. Going vegetarian, no longer going on holidays, giving up the car. All hugely negative lifestyle changes to solve an issue which is going to have a minimal impact in our lifetimes.
As for governments and businesses, why would they give up substantial amounts of money and profit right now to become more climate friendly? The people benefitting from it right now aren't going to be alive in 80 years time, what do they care.
I think those of us in our 20s are just about the last generation who should be having children. Because people living beyond 2100 are going to be in a heap of trouble.
Humanity is only really good at coming together to fight active threats, like in this pandemic. Coming together to fight a future threat, which many don't even believe is real, isn't going to happen
我觉得我们已经没机会了。
人们对生活不够关心，不会做出必要的改变。吃素，不再去度假，放弃开车。所有巨大的负面生活方式的改变都是为了解决一个对我们一生影响最小的问题。
至于政府和企业，他们为什么要放弃大量的金钱和利润，现在变得更气候友好？反正现在受益的人不会活到80年后，他们在乎什么。
我认为我们这些20多岁的人是应该要孩子的最后一代。因为活到2100年以后的人将会有很多麻烦。
人类真正擅长的是团结起来对抗眼前的威胁，比如这次大流行。要团结起来对抗未来的威胁——很多人甚至不相信这是真的，是不可能做到的
I actually don't think we have any chance.
People don't care enough to make the required changes in their lives. Going vegetarian, no longer going on holidays, giving up the car. All hugely negative lifestyle changes to solve an issue which is going to have a minimal impact in our lifetimes.
As for governments and businesses, why would they give up substantial amounts of money and profit right now to become more climate friendly? The people benefitting from it right now aren't going to be alive in 80 years time, what do they care.
I think those of us in our 20s are just about the last generation who should be having children. Because people living beyond 2100 are going to be in a heap of trouble.
Humanity is only really good at coming together to fight active threats, like in this pandemic. Coming together to fight a future threat, which many don't even believe is real, isn't going to happen
我觉得我们已经没机会了。
人们对生活不够关心，不会做出必要的改变。吃素，不再去度假，放弃开车。所有巨大的负面生活方式的改变都是为了解决一个对我们一生影响最小的问题。
至于政府和企业，他们为什么要放弃大量的金钱和利润，现在变得更气候友好？反正现在受益的人不会活到80年后，他们在乎什么。
我认为我们这些20多岁的人是应该要孩子的最后一代。因为活到2100年以后的人将会有很多麻烦。
人类真正擅长的是团结起来对抗眼前的威胁，比如这次大流行。要团结起来对抗未来的威胁——很多人甚至不相信这是真的，是不可能做到的
DaveyBeef
Wow been warning us since the 60s, still waiting for any change beyond natural progression.
哇哦，从60年代就开始警告我们了，却至今还在等待任何自然发展之外的改变。
Wow been warning us since the 60s, still waiting for any change beyond natural progression.
哇哦，从60年代就开始警告我们了，却至今还在等待任何自然发展之外的改变。
miniature-rugby-ball
Everywhere is unprepared for climate chaos, even places where it happens every year.
每个地方都对气候混乱没有准备，甚至是那些每年都会发生气候混乱的地方。
Everywhere is unprepared for climate chaos, even places where it happens every year.
每个地方都对气候混乱没有准备，甚至是那些每年都会发生气候混乱的地方。
retrogamereclaim
Bullshit, if you live in the UK everyday is a different climate. Scorching hot in the morning a thunderstorm and torrential rain for a week. We are more than prepared.
扯淡，如果你住在英国，会发现每天都是不同的气候。早上非常炎热，然后一场雷雨和暴雨持续了一周。我们已经有充分的准备了。
Bullshit, if you live in the UK everyday is a different climate. Scorching hot in the morning a thunderstorm and torrential rain for a week. We are more than prepared.
扯淡，如果你住在英国，会发现每天都是不同的气候。早上非常炎热，然后一场雷雨和暴雨持续了一周。我们已经有充分的准备了。
jewellman100
And to think we were actually supposed to be prepared for a pandemic...
并且想一想我们本来预计我们应该已经为应对流行病做好准备了，可结果…
And to think we were actually supposed to be prepared for a pandemic...
并且想一想我们本来预计我们应该已经为应对流行病做好准备了，可结果…
很赞 1
收藏