哪个国家在文化上与中国最接近?
2022-03-16 Vnn 32961
正文翻译
Tim Tran
Most countries have Han Chinese, so in a sense, most countries are culturally close to China.

很多国家都有讲汉语的中国人,所以在某种程度,这些国家都在文化上和中国有一定相似。


However, if what you mean is which nation is culturally closer to China, then that’s an easier answer. Nation is identified as “a large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory.” So in a sense, nation means groups of people with common cultures.

但是,如果你指的是哪个民族在文化上与中国相似,那就容易回答了。民族是指”因为相同的祖先、历史、文化、语言居住在特定国家或领土的大规模集聚人群。“所以从这个角度来说,民族意味着有着相同文化的人群。

Japan(ese) , Korea(n) , Vietnam(ese) . In short, they’re collectively called the Sinosphere, or nations within Chinese cultural sphere of influence.

日本(人)、韩国(人)、越南(人)。简而言之,他们被统称为汉文化圈的国家,或者说他们是受到中华文化影响的国家。

Notice I don’t have Singapore in any of them, simply because Singapore is a highly Westernized country that aims to have blends of multiple cultures, so while Han Chinese is the largest population, that doesn’t mean Singapore is culturally Chinese. In fact, it’s a very big mixture between British, Chinese, Indian, and Malay cultures.

注意到我没有将新加坡列入其中了吧,这是因为新加坡是个高度西化的国家,融合了多种文化,所以即使新加坡有很多中国人,这并不代表这个国家汉化程度高。实际上,新加坡是一个英国、中国、印度和马来西亚文化大融合的国家。

Also, I will be talking about traditional cultures, not modern culture, because in modern culture, everyone is culturally similar since globalization connects everyone. Majority of humans in this Earth now wears modern clothing, namely a shirt and pants/skirt. So everyone looks the same and culturally similar as well.

当然,我讨论的是传统文化,不是当代文化。因为在当代文化里,由于全球化将每个人连在一起,个体所接受的文化便会较为相似。地球上大多数人穿着当代衣物,也就是说,T恤,裤子/短裙。所以也就会千人一面,文化相似。

评论翻译
Feng Jiaxin
All these other answers… Vietnam? Singapore? Korea? Seriously?

所有其他的答案……越南?新加坡?韩国?认真的吗?
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Italy is obviously the culturally closest country to China.

意大利无疑是文化上与中国最接近的国家。

Both had large and powerful empires in the past.

过去,两国都有领土广袤的强有力帝国。
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Both had to deal with annoying nomadic invaders (the Xiongnu and Huns may have even been the same people).

两国都需要对付恼人的游牧入侵者(匈奴和匈人可能是一个民族)

Both were a huge cultural influence on surrounding nations.

两国都对周边国家有很强的文化影响力。

Both were on the opposite ends of the Silk Road.

两国在丝绸之路首尾两头。
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Both eat a lot of noodles and bread.

两国人民爱吃面条和面包。

Both of them have water towns.

两国都有水乡。

Both are very family orientated cultures with a lot of respect for elders.

两国文化都重视家庭,并且非常尊重长辈。
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Both love to talk loudly.

两国人民喜欢谈论地很大声。

Both love red wine.

两国都喜欢红酒。

Both have fairly easy-going but excitable people.

两国人民都很随和,却充满激情。
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Both are divided into provinces.

两国都划省份。

Both have a long-lost province that was/is under French control.

两国都有未收复的省份,并都曾经/现在是受到法国的管控。

Both have two major islands.

两国都有两个大岛。
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Both have a majority ethnic group that makes up about 92% of the population.

两国都有主要的民族,占人口的92%左右。

Both have a prominent north-south divide.

两国都有分明的南北差异。
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Both have a lot of old people sitting around in public spaces gossiping with each other.

两国公共场所都有很多老人坐着聊八卦。

Both have national pride while also being highly regionalistic with strongly rooted local customs.

两国都有民族自豪,但每个地区都各有深植传统特色。

Both like to build up personal connections before doing business.

两国人民做生意之前,先做朋友。

Both love to flaunt their wealth.

两国人民都爱炫富。

Both have the greatest number of World Heritage Sites out of all nations.

两国都有很多世界遗产。

Both of their countries are shaped funny (Italy is a boot, China is a chicken).

两国的形状都很有趣(意大利是个靴子,中国是只公鸡)。

Both have something to do with this guy called Marco Polo.

两国都和马可波罗这个家伙有点故事。

The big difference is that Italians will frequently kiss and hug each other but Chinese people are much more reserved so they think this is embarrassing.

最大的不同是意大利人经经常亲吻和拥抱彼此,而相对保守的中国人认为这是令人尴尬的事情。

Gab Chan
Japan is like Tang Dynasty China.

日本像中国大唐。

South Korea is like Ming Dynasty China.

韩国像中国明朝。

North Korea is like Mao Dynasty China.

朝鲜像迈入毛泽东时代的中国。

Hong Kong is heavily influenced by southern Chinese culture with a hint of Brit.

香港深受中国南方文化的影响,还有一点英伦范。
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Macao or Macau is like Hong Kong, but Portuguese rather than British.

澳门和香港很像,但他受到更多的是葡萄牙的影响。

The USSR was the model of the ROC and PRC for its nationalities policies.

前苏联为中华民国和中华人民共和国的国家政策奠基。

Tsing Hsiung Ye
​Strictly speaking, none.

准确的讲,没有一个国家像中国。

To a wider range, yes. Vietnam, Korea and Japan.

如果宽泛地讲,没错,越南、韩国和日本像中国。

Both Vietnam and Korea used to claim they were “little china”, and Japan even claimed as the genuine successor of Chinese civilization after China was conquered by Mongolians.

越南和韩国都曾叫自己“小中国”,日本在中国被蒙古民族征服后,将自己视为中华文明的真正继承者。

Both Vietnamese and Korean royal families had a kind of relation with Chinese blood line. Northern Vietnam was under China’s direct rule for nearly one thousand years. Japan sent waves of delegations to China in Tang Dynasty as students to learn China’s experiences, Nana, an ancient capital of Japan, was built as a smaller copy of China’s capital, so did Seoul in Korea.

越南和韩国王室都多少与中国血脉有关。越南的北部在近一千年的时间内收到中国的直接管控。在唐朝,日本送源源不断地代表来华访问学习,日本故都奈良,韩国首都首尔,都像是中国的缩小翻版。

If rank then in a sequence from most Chinese-resemblance to least, the result is Vietnamese>Korean>Japanese.

如果按照和中国人的相似度排序的话,结果是越南人>韩国人>日本人。

However, Vietnam was colonized by France, Korea was colonized by Japan. Due to various reasons, Vietnam and Korea are no more “little China”, so the present sequence is Japanese>Korean>Vietnamese.

然而,越南曾被法国殖民,韩国曾被日本殖民,由于种种原因,越南和韩国不再是“小中国”,所以现在的顺序是日本>韩国>越南。

If anyone had read Samuel Huntington’s books, he may find Huntington had come up with an insightful pattern: core-civilization to sub-class civilization structure. China was the core of Eastern Asian civilization circle, so sub-class civilizations like Vietnam and Korea used to be the copy of China. When the core lost its position, subclass civilizations would be influenced. So they all have something close to China and something from alien civilizations.

如果你读过塞缪尔·亨廷顿的书,你就会发现他提出了很有想法的一个模式:从中心文明到亚文明结构。中国是东亚文明圈的核心,所以像越南和韩国这种亚文明国家过去曾是中国的复制品。当中心文明失去它的地位时候,亚文明也会受到影响。所以他们或多或少都与中国相似,与其他文明国家有所区别。

Although China, Vietnam, Korea and Japan share so many things together, they are different entities.

虽然中国、越南、韩国、日本有很多相似点,他们却是不同的国家主体。

That’s why I say “strictly speaking, none”.

这就是为什么我会说“严格意义上讲,没有国家和中国一样”。

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