将澳大利亚大部分无人居住和未使用的内陆地区转变为生产农业和其他用途是否可能和可取?
正文翻译
Would it be possible and desirable to convert significant areas of Australia's largely unpopulated and unused Outback to productive farming and other use?
将澳大利亚大部分无人居住和未使用的内陆地区转变为生产农业和其他用途是否可能和可取?
Would it be possible and desirable to convert significant areas of Australia's largely unpopulated and unused Outback to productive farming and other use?
将澳大利亚大部分无人居住和未使用的内陆地区转变为生产农业和其他用途是否可能和可取?
评论翻译
Almost all of the inland of the USA has rivers fed by snow melt on either side of the country. It has mountain ranges on both sides of the country, and every winter it snows and the melting snow feeds the massive river systems.
Now imagine the mountains in the western half of the country are gone. It is completely flat. The weather is hotter. Almost no snow falls anywhere but the mountains in the east, and those mountains have been worn down by millions of years of erosion so there is much less snow. For the most part they are no higher than hills from an American point of view.
The only “major” river system covers the south east quarter of the country, and again by American standards the rivers are not much bigger than large creeks in most areas.
美国几乎所有的内陆地区都有由融雪形成的河流。它的两边都有山脉，每年冬天都会下雪，融化的雪滋养了巨大的河系。
现在想象一下这个国家西部的山脉消失，它完全是平的，天气更热。除了东部的山脉，其他地方几乎没有降雪，而那些山脉已经被数百万年的风霜侵蚀磨损了，所以降雪要少得多。从美国人的角度来看，它们大部分并不比小山包更高。
唯一的“主要”河系覆盖了这个国家的东南四分之一，同样，按照美国的标准，这些河流在大多数地区并不比大点的小溪大多少。
There are no mountains to cause rainfall (let alone snowfall) until you get close to the east coast. There are no earthquakes or volcanic activity to “grow” more mountains. There are no forests and vegetation to hold down the soil in most of the country. All those lakes and rivers providing water sources for the inland don’t exist. The soil that hasn’t been blown away by millions of years of prevailing winds is extremely barren and saline. The little rain that falls is lost to evaporation within weeks at the most, and more often in days.
That is the problem we have in Australia. It would definitely be desirable to irrigate large areas but the cost would be prohibitive in its literal sense. Given the poor quality of the soil, though we might build cities, agriculture would be chancy at best. Perhaps in the future, technology can provide effective solutions, but for now it just isn’t feasible.
在靠近东海岸之前，没有导致降雨的山脉(更不用说下雪了)。没有“生成”更多的山的地震或火山活动。这个国家的大部分地区没有森林和植被来固定土壤。所有那些为内陆提供水源的湖泊和河流都不存在。
没有数百万年的风吹来的土壤，它是极其贫瘠和盐碱化的。少量的雨水最多在几周内蒸发掉，通常在几天内蒸发掉。
这就是我们在澳大利亚面临的问题。大面积灌溉无疑是可取的，但从字面意义上讲，其成本将是令人望而却步的。考虑到土壤质量很差，尽管我们可以建设城市，但农业充其量也只是碰运气。也许在未来，技术可以提供有效的解决方案，但目前它是不可行的。
John Fenn
The only way at present to make the inland areas viable is to use nuclear power to produce water and electricity. Well that aint gonna fly in our lifetime. But it would be great to at least see some planing done.
目前使内陆地区可行的唯一方法是利用核能发电和供水。 这在我们有生之年是行不通的。 但至少能看到一些计划制定出来也很棒。
Mickie S
This is a question that puzzles many people outside of Australia. Why don’t we just find a way to irrigate the barren heart of the country? They often point to Israel as an example of how the desert has been made to flower and ask why we don’t do the same. The point they miss is that the whole of Israel is only 8000 square miles, and Australia is almost 3 million.
Australia and the USA are more or less the same size but look at this map of the American river systems.
这个问题困扰着许多澳大利亚以外的人。我们为什么不想办法灌溉这个国家贫瘠的心脏地带呢?他们经常以以色列为例，说明沙漠是如何变成花朵的，并问我们为什么不这样做。他们没有注意到的一点是，整个以色列只有8000平方英里（约合2万方公里），而澳大利亚有近300万平方英里（约合776万平方公里）。
澳大利亚和美国大小差不多，但看看这张美国河系地图。
This is a question that puzzles many people outside of Australia. Why don’t we just find a way to irrigate the barren heart of the country? They often point to Israel as an example of how the desert has been made to flower and ask why we don’t do the same. The point they miss is that the whole of Israel is only 8000 square miles, and Australia is almost 3 million.
Australia and the USA are more or less the same size but look at this map of the American river systems.
这个问题困扰着许多澳大利亚以外的人。我们为什么不想办法灌溉这个国家贫瘠的心脏地带呢?他们经常以以色列为例，说明沙漠是如何变成花朵的，并问我们为什么不这样做。他们没有注意到的一点是，整个以色列只有8000平方英里（约合2万方公里），而澳大利亚有近300万平方英里（约合776万平方公里）。
澳大利亚和美国大小差不多，但看看这张美国河系地图。
Almost all of the inland of the USA has rivers fed by snow melt on either side of the country. It has mountain ranges on both sides of the country, and every winter it snows and the melting snow feeds the massive river systems.
Now imagine the mountains in the western half of the country are gone. It is completely flat. The weather is hotter. Almost no snow falls anywhere but the mountains in the east, and those mountains have been worn down by millions of years of erosion so there is much less snow. For the most part they are no higher than hills from an American point of view.
The only “major” river system covers the south east quarter of the country, and again by American standards the rivers are not much bigger than large creeks in most areas.
美国几乎所有的内陆地区都有由融雪形成的河流。它的两边都有山脉，每年冬天都会下雪，融化的雪滋养了巨大的河系。
现在想象一下这个国家西部的山脉消失，它完全是平的，天气更热。除了东部的山脉，其他地方几乎没有降雪，而那些山脉已经被数百万年的风霜侵蚀磨损了，所以降雪要少得多。从美国人的角度来看，它们大部分并不比小山包更高。
唯一的“主要”河系覆盖了这个国家的东南四分之一，同样，按照美国的标准，这些河流在大多数地区并不比大点的小溪大多少。
There are no mountains to cause rainfall (let alone snowfall) until you get close to the east coast. There are no earthquakes or volcanic activity to “grow” more mountains. There are no forests and vegetation to hold down the soil in most of the country. All those lakes and rivers providing water sources for the inland don’t exist. The soil that hasn’t been blown away by millions of years of prevailing winds is extremely barren and saline. The little rain that falls is lost to evaporation within weeks at the most, and more often in days.
That is the problem we have in Australia. It would definitely be desirable to irrigate large areas but the cost would be prohibitive in its literal sense. Given the poor quality of the soil, though we might build cities, agriculture would be chancy at best. Perhaps in the future, technology can provide effective solutions, but for now it just isn’t feasible.
在靠近东海岸之前，没有导致降雨的山脉(更不用说下雪了)。没有“生成”更多的山的地震或火山活动。这个国家的大部分地区没有森林和植被来固定土壤。所有那些为内陆提供水源的湖泊和河流都不存在。
没有数百万年的风吹来的土壤，它是极其贫瘠和盐碱化的。少量的雨水最多在几周内蒸发掉，通常在几天内蒸发掉。
这就是我们在澳大利亚面临的问题。大面积灌溉无疑是可取的，但从字面意义上讲，其成本将是令人望而却步的。考虑到土壤质量很差，尽管我们可以建设城市，但农业充其量也只是碰运气。也许在未来，技术可以提供有效的解决方案，但目前它是不可行的。
Stefan Pociask
I never realized that Australia was so barren of rivers. Interesting.
我从未意识到澳大利亚的河流如此贫瘠。因吹斯挺。
I never realized that Australia was so barren of rivers. Interesting.
我从未意识到澳大利亚的河流如此贫瘠。因吹斯挺。
Mickie S
Yes, I don’t think many people outside of Australia are aware so it puzzles them why we don’t just build more dams all over the country.
是的，我认为很多澳大利亚以外的人都不了解，他们很困惑为什么我们不在全国各地修建更多的水坝。
Yes, I don’t think many people outside of Australia are aware so it puzzles them why we don’t just build more dams all over the country.
是的，我认为很多澳大利亚以外的人都不了解，他们很困惑为什么我们不在全国各地修建更多的水坝。
Bill Cravens
Looking at the map, I expect that Australian farmers have made more “damns" than “dams" in the Outback! Can't dam rivers that don't have any water in them.
看看地图，我预计澳大利亚农民在内陆的“抱怨（damns）”比“大坝（dams）”更多！
你不能在没有水的河流上筑坝。
Looking at the map, I expect that Australian farmers have made more “damns" than “dams" in the Outback! Can't dam rivers that don't have any water in them.
看看地图，我预计澳大利亚农民在内陆的“抱怨（damns）”比“大坝（dams）”更多！
你不能在没有水的河流上筑坝。
Nathan Thomas
People often confuse desert with lifeless. The Australian outback has an ecosystem that has adapted to its conditions. Any large change would most likely cause the extinction of a number of flora and funa.
Seems the map only lists major coastal rivers. It does not include the seasonal rivers that transport millions and millions of tons of water to Lake Eyes in the centre. So it would be easily possible (and this is what people do) to make dams that drain from these seasonal floods and hold water for an extra 4-6 months or so. Do they event go dry? Yes. They can(and are) also be filled with bore water(artesion basin and other underground water systems) Water bores and dams are the lifeblood of the outback. Not major rivers.
人们常常把沙漠和死气沉沉混为一谈。澳大利亚内陆的生态系统已经适应了它的条件。任何大的变化都很可能导致许多植物群和动物群的灭绝。
地图上似乎只列出了主要的沿海河流。它不包括季节性河流，这些河流将数百万吨的水输送到中心的湖眼。所以很容易(这也是人们所做的)建造大坝，从这些季节性洪水中收集水，并额外让水保留4-6个月左右。
它们会变干吗?是的。它们也可以(也确实)充盈地下缝隙(自流盆地和其他地下水系统)。这些以及大坝才是内陆的命脉，河流不是。
People often confuse desert with lifeless. The Australian outback has an ecosystem that has adapted to its conditions. Any large change would most likely cause the extinction of a number of flora and funa.
Seems the map only lists major coastal rivers. It does not include the seasonal rivers that transport millions and millions of tons of water to Lake Eyes in the centre. So it would be easily possible (and this is what people do) to make dams that drain from these seasonal floods and hold water for an extra 4-6 months or so. Do they event go dry? Yes. They can(and are) also be filled with bore water(artesion basin and other underground water systems) Water bores and dams are the lifeblood of the outback. Not major rivers.
人们常常把沙漠和死气沉沉混为一谈。澳大利亚内陆的生态系统已经适应了它的条件。任何大的变化都很可能导致许多植物群和动物群的灭绝。
地图上似乎只列出了主要的沿海河流。它不包括季节性河流，这些河流将数百万吨的水输送到中心的湖眼。所以很容易(这也是人们所做的)建造大坝，从这些季节性洪水中收集水，并额外让水保留4-6个月左右。
它们会变干吗?是的。它们也可以(也确实)充盈地下缝隙(自流盆地和其他地下水系统)。这些以及大坝才是内陆的命脉，河流不是。
Michael Lucas
They also don’t realise, and neither do Australians, that the whole of Australia is actually traveling NORTH. That means it is getting into more tropical regions and that means it may soon become wetter. Let’s hope so!
再者，他们没有意识到、澳大利亚人也没有意识到，整个澳大利亚实际上是在向北移动。这意味着它正在进入更多的热带地区，这意味着它可能很快就会变得潮湿。
让我们希望如此!
They also don’t realise, and neither do Australians, that the whole of Australia is actually traveling NORTH. That means it is getting into more tropical regions and that means it may soon become wetter. Let’s hope so!
再者，他们没有意识到、澳大利亚人也没有意识到，整个澳大利亚实际上是在向北移动。这意味着它正在进入更多的热带地区，这意味着它可能很快就会变得潮湿。
让我们希望如此!
Sazid Hasan Khan
Even the rivers they have is like, “Huh, that's a… river?”
即使是澳大利亚的河流，它们也像是“额，这是一条……河？”
Even the rivers they have is like, “Huh, that's a… river?”
即使是澳大利亚的河流，它们也像是“额，这是一条……河？”
Alicia Parmiter
And there is the salinity. The Lake Eyre region is below or at current sea level, and the salt probably dates back to evaporation of the last remnants of receding seawater as levels fell at the start of the last ice age. The Great Artesian basin, which underlies something like 70% of the Australian land surface holds yet more salt.
Soils are not just poor, they are thin. Much of the Sydney region and coastal New South Wales - where a lot of that precious rain falls - has sandy or clay soil thinly draped over sandstone. The plot my childhood home was built on had no more than 30cm of soil on bedrock.
盐的存在。
艾尔湖地区低于或处于当前的海平面，而盐可能可以追溯到上一个冰期开始时，随着海平面下降，海水消退后最后残余的蒸发。大自流盆地位于澳大利亚70%的陆地表面之下，含有更多的盐。
土壤不仅贫瘠，而且薄。悉尼地区和新南威尔士州沿海地区的大部分地区——那里有大量珍贵的雨水——沙质或粘土稀疏地覆盖在砂岩上。我童年居住的地方，基岩上的土壤不超过30厘米。
And there is the salinity. The Lake Eyre region is below or at current sea level, and the salt probably dates back to evaporation of the last remnants of receding seawater as levels fell at the start of the last ice age. The Great Artesian basin, which underlies something like 70% of the Australian land surface holds yet more salt.
Soils are not just poor, they are thin. Much of the Sydney region and coastal New South Wales - where a lot of that precious rain falls - has sandy or clay soil thinly draped over sandstone. The plot my childhood home was built on had no more than 30cm of soil on bedrock.
盐的存在。
艾尔湖地区低于或处于当前的海平面，而盐可能可以追溯到上一个冰期开始时，随着海平面下降，海水消退后最后残余的蒸发。大自流盆地位于澳大利亚70%的陆地表面之下，含有更多的盐。
土壤不仅贫瘠，而且薄。悉尼地区和新南威尔士州沿海地区的大部分地区——那里有大量珍贵的雨水——沙质或粘土稀疏地覆盖在砂岩上。我童年居住的地方，基岩上的土壤不超过30厘米。
David Eliezer
Does this mean that a sudden abundance of fresh water, like an artificial river from a very efficient desalination plant, would do no good at all for agriculture in Australia? Or maybe no good at all until the salt was washed away?
这是否意味着，突然大量的淡水，比如从高效的海水淡化厂流出的一条人工河流，对澳大利亚的农业是否有好处?
还是说，在盐被冲走之前，一切都不会好?
Does this mean that a sudden abundance of fresh water, like an artificial river from a very efficient desalination plant, would do no good at all for agriculture in Australia? Or maybe no good at all until the salt was washed away?
这是否意味着，突然大量的淡水，比如从高效的海水淡化厂流出的一条人工河流，对澳大利亚的农业是否有好处?
还是说，在盐被冲走之前，一切都不会好?
Alicia Parmiter
I am no expert, but where irrigation has been used (as in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area), farmers must be very careful to not over-water. Too much water raises the water table, making the subterranean salt rise to the surface with it. Of course the Artesian Basin does not cover all of Australia, so other areas may well benefit without needing to keep a tight rein on watering. But the poor soils don’t help, and the sunshine ensures that water on the surface evaporates rapidly. Canberra looks like a fairly dry spot, yet it receives more annual rainfall than London; the critical difference being evaporation.
If the land is low-lying, the salt doesn’t wash away, since there is no downhill for it to flow to.
It is an old and worn land, without great glacier-covered mountain ranges or active volcanoes to enrich its soil. The kind of rich, loamy black soil I read about in the Ukraine might only exist in tiny, isolated pockets. The richest farmland is around the Lockyer Valley west of Brisbane (downhill from an old, extinct volcano) and the Robertson area south of Sydney (where the movie Babe was filmed). But the former is already fully and profitably farmed, while the latter is being foolishly buried under suburbia.
我不是这方面的专家，但在使用灌溉的地方(如Murrumbidgee灌溉区)，农民必须非常小心，不要过量浇水。过多的水会使地下水位上升，使地下的盐也随之上升到地表。当然，自流盆地并没有覆盖整个澳大利亚，所以其他地区也可以很好地受益（于人工淡水），而不需要严格控制浇水。但是贫瘠的土壤毫无助益，阳光又确保了地表的水分迅速蒸发。
堪培拉看起来是一个相当干燥的地方，但它的年降雨量比伦敦多;关键的区别是蒸发。如果海拔很低，盐就不会被冲走，因为没有下坡可以流。这是一块古老而破旧的土地，没有巨大的冰川覆盖的山脉，也没有活火山来丰富土壤。我在书上读到的乌克兰那种肥沃的黑土可能只存在于很小的、孤立的区域。最富饶的农田位于布里斯班西部的洛克耶山谷(一座古老的死火山的下坡处)和悉尼南部的罗伯逊地区(也是电影《宝贝》（Babe）的拍摄地)。但是前者已经完全被种植并盈利，而后者愚蠢地被荒废在郊区。
I am no expert, but where irrigation has been used (as in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area), farmers must be very careful to not over-water. Too much water raises the water table, making the subterranean salt rise to the surface with it. Of course the Artesian Basin does not cover all of Australia, so other areas may well benefit without needing to keep a tight rein on watering. But the poor soils don’t help, and the sunshine ensures that water on the surface evaporates rapidly. Canberra looks like a fairly dry spot, yet it receives more annual rainfall than London; the critical difference being evaporation.
If the land is low-lying, the salt doesn’t wash away, since there is no downhill for it to flow to.
It is an old and worn land, without great glacier-covered mountain ranges or active volcanoes to enrich its soil. The kind of rich, loamy black soil I read about in the Ukraine might only exist in tiny, isolated pockets. The richest farmland is around the Lockyer Valley west of Brisbane (downhill from an old, extinct volcano) and the Robertson area south of Sydney (where the movie Babe was filmed). But the former is already fully and profitably farmed, while the latter is being foolishly buried under suburbia.
我不是这方面的专家，但在使用灌溉的地方(如Murrumbidgee灌溉区)，农民必须非常小心，不要过量浇水。过多的水会使地下水位上升，使地下的盐也随之上升到地表。当然，自流盆地并没有覆盖整个澳大利亚，所以其他地区也可以很好地受益（于人工淡水），而不需要严格控制浇水。但是贫瘠的土壤毫无助益，阳光又确保了地表的水分迅速蒸发。
堪培拉看起来是一个相当干燥的地方，但它的年降雨量比伦敦多;关键的区别是蒸发。如果海拔很低，盐就不会被冲走，因为没有下坡可以流。这是一块古老而破旧的土地，没有巨大的冰川覆盖的山脉，也没有活火山来丰富土壤。我在书上读到的乌克兰那种肥沃的黑土可能只存在于很小的、孤立的区域。最富饶的农田位于布里斯班西部的洛克耶山谷(一座古老的死火山的下坡处)和悉尼南部的罗伯逊地区(也是电影《宝贝》（Babe）的拍摄地)。但是前者已经完全被种植并盈利，而后者愚蠢地被荒废在郊区。
Nandan Choksi
I’m not trolling you but why can’t Australia extract the salt and sell it commercially?
我不是指责，但为什么澳大利亚不提取这些盐分然后商业销售？
I’m not trolling you but why can’t Australia extract the salt and sell it commercially?
我不是指责，但为什么澳大利亚不提取这些盐分然后商业销售？
Alicia Parmiter
Fair question. Personally, though there is no global undersupply of salt, it is true that some places manage to market impure salt with a premium price tag . There is an enormous quantity of salt on the surface of Lake Eyre whenever it is dry (which is most of the time), so it would take very little effort to extract it. The salt pan surface is so flat has been used for land speed record attempts. I doubt that many Australians would think it was anything other than a con to market is a specialty salt, though. But seriously, there is just too much of it, the area is so great then I expect that supplying the globe with all its salt requirements would likely make no dent in it.
合理的问题。
就我个人而言，虽然没有全球盐供应不足的问题，但确实有些地方设法以高价出售不纯盐。每当艾尔湖干涸时(大部分时间都是如此)，它的表面就会有大量的盐，所以提取盐很容易。盐田表面是如此平坦，已被用于陆地速度记录的测试。
不过，我怀疑很多澳大利亚人会认为这是对市场的欺骗。说真的，这里的盐太多了，这个地区太大了，我预计，就算为全球提供所需的盐可能也不会对它造成任何影响。
Fair question. Personally, though there is no global undersupply of salt, it is true that some places manage to market impure salt with a premium price tag . There is an enormous quantity of salt on the surface of Lake Eyre whenever it is dry (which is most of the time), so it would take very little effort to extract it. The salt pan surface is so flat has been used for land speed record attempts. I doubt that many Australians would think it was anything other than a con to market is a specialty salt, though. But seriously, there is just too much of it, the area is so great then I expect that supplying the globe with all its salt requirements would likely make no dent in it.
合理的问题。
就我个人而言，虽然没有全球盐供应不足的问题，但确实有些地方设法以高价出售不纯盐。每当艾尔湖干涸时(大部分时间都是如此)，它的表面就会有大量的盐，所以提取盐很容易。盐田表面是如此平坦，已被用于陆地速度记录的测试。
不过，我怀疑很多澳大利亚人会认为这是对市场的欺骗。说真的，这里的盐太多了，这个地区太大了，我预计，就算为全球提供所需的盐可能也不会对它造成任何影响。
Mind you, on average once a generation, Lake Eyre does fill, usually from widespread floodwaters in Queensland (it filled in 2011 after the Brisbane flood, as 2/3 of the state was underwater at the one time - and it's a big state). Water just trickles in a broad front along the Channel Country ground, slowly finding its low point. And when it does, the desert comes alive and becomes an extensive saltwater wetland. Frogs and molluscs and fish come out of hibernation or hatch from seemingly dried-up eggs, and then the birds arrive. Scientists do not know how they know, whether they can smell it, but waterbirds fly from all directions from the coast, more than a thousand kilometres inland, to eat and breed. For the few months or years when the lake is full, a generation of pelicans, egrets, herons, gulls and cormorants are born in and around the lake. I think there might be a few obxtions if anyone was to seriously consider upsetting that particular cycle.
请注意，平均每一代人都会有一次艾尔湖会被填满，通常是因为昆士兰州泛滥的洪水(2011年布里斯班洪水之后，艾尔湖被填满了，因为该州的2/3都被淹没了——这是一个很大的州)。水慢慢地找到它的最低点。当它到来的时候，沙漠就会活跃起来，变成一片广阔的咸水湿地。
青蛙、软体动物和鱼类从冬眠中醒来，或者从看似干涸的卵中孵化出来，然后鸟类就来了。科学家们不知道水鸟是如何知道的，它们是否能闻到，但是水鸟从四面八方的海岸，飞往一千多公里的内陆，觅食和繁殖。
在湖满的那几个月或几年里，一代鹈鹕、白鹭、苍鹭、海鸥和鸬鹚会在湖内或湖周围出生。我认为如果有人认真考虑打破这个特定的循环，可能会有一些反对意见。
请注意，平均每一代人都会有一次艾尔湖会被填满，通常是因为昆士兰州泛滥的洪水(2011年布里斯班洪水之后，艾尔湖被填满了，因为该州的2/3都被淹没了——这是一个很大的州)。水慢慢地找到它的最低点。当它到来的时候，沙漠就会活跃起来，变成一片广阔的咸水湿地。
青蛙、软体动物和鱼类从冬眠中醒来，或者从看似干涸的卵中孵化出来，然后鸟类就来了。科学家们不知道水鸟是如何知道的，它们是否能闻到，但是水鸟从四面八方的海岸，飞往一千多公里的内陆，觅食和繁殖。
在湖满的那几个月或几年里，一代鹈鹕、白鹭、苍鹭、海鸥和鸬鹚会在湖内或湖周围出生。我认为如果有人认真考虑打破这个特定的循环，可能会有一些反对意见。
Nandan Choksi
I believe you but I am confused. If there is so much salt that Australia could supply the world then why would you need to take it out of the one place that supports wildlife?
Also, though I am no scientist, I am sure that there are plenty of different types of salt, even within the NaCl formula, and many different uses for salt, other than eating it. As a general rule, over-supply can always be monetised.
Anyway, I hope that Australia is able to somehow create more arable land, over the years, and have a larger population. I have never been there but, from what I understand, it is a beautiful country. The Australians whom I have met, so far, have all been friendly, intelligent, and generous persons.
我相信你，但我很困惑。如果有这么多的、澳大利亚足以供应世界的盐，那么为什么你需要把它从一个支持野生动物的地方拿走?
此外，虽然我不是科学家，但我确信盐有很多不同的种类，即使是氯化钠，除了食用，它也有很多不同的用途。一般来说，供给过剩总是可以货币化的。
无论如何，我希望澳大利亚能够以某种方式创造更多的可耕地，并拥有更多的人口。我从未去过那里，但据我所知，这是一个美丽的国家。到目前为止，我所遇到的澳大利亚人都很友好、聪明、慷慨。
I believe you but I am confused. If there is so much salt that Australia could supply the world then why would you need to take it out of the one place that supports wildlife?
Also, though I am no scientist, I am sure that there are plenty of different types of salt, even within the NaCl formula, and many different uses for salt, other than eating it. As a general rule, over-supply can always be monetised.
Anyway, I hope that Australia is able to somehow create more arable land, over the years, and have a larger population. I have never been there but, from what I understand, it is a beautiful country. The Australians whom I have met, so far, have all been friendly, intelligent, and generous persons.
我相信你，但我很困惑。如果有这么多的、澳大利亚足以供应世界的盐，那么为什么你需要把它从一个支持野生动物的地方拿走?
此外，虽然我不是科学家，但我确信盐有很多不同的种类，即使是氯化钠，除了食用，它也有很多不同的用途。一般来说，供给过剩总是可以货币化的。
无论如何，我希望澳大利亚能够以某种方式创造更多的可耕地，并拥有更多的人口。我从未去过那里，但据我所知，这是一个美丽的国家。到目前为止，我所遇到的澳大利亚人都很友好、聪明、慷慨。
Alicia Parmiter
Perhaps there is simply insufficient interest, because the cost:benefit ratio is too poor, perhaps like extracting dissolved gold from seawater. Lake Eyre appears to be the source for the Great Artesian Basin, so removing salt (and I am talking only about NaCl table salt) would not only be a giant undertaking, but would risk that periodic wetland. If Australia had a population more like that of the USA the numbers would indeed change somewhat, but I suspect building a mountain range to catch rain clouds would be of the same order of magnitude in cost, and it would mean a completely different ecological balance would need to be found.
We have had engineers such as Bradfield develop plans for more environmental support for human activity, but even his best plans were based on insufficient climate data and wildly optimistic estimates.
或许根本就是兴趣缺缺，因为成本效益比太低，或许就像从海水中提取溶解的黄金一样。艾尔湖似乎是大自流盆地的源头，
所以去盐(我说的只是氯化钠)不仅是一项巨大的任务，还会危及湿地的周期。如果澳大利亚的人口更像美国，数字确实会有一些变化，但我怀疑它的成本将跟建造山脉来捕捉雨云一个量级。
我们曾有像布拉德菲尔德这样的工程师制定计划，为人类活动提供更多的环境支持，但即使是他最好的计划，也是基于不足的气候数据和过于乐观的估计。
Perhaps there is simply insufficient interest, because the cost:benefit ratio is too poor, perhaps like extracting dissolved gold from seawater. Lake Eyre appears to be the source for the Great Artesian Basin, so removing salt (and I am talking only about NaCl table salt) would not only be a giant undertaking, but would risk that periodic wetland. If Australia had a population more like that of the USA the numbers would indeed change somewhat, but I suspect building a mountain range to catch rain clouds would be of the same order of magnitude in cost, and it would mean a completely different ecological balance would need to be found.
We have had engineers such as Bradfield develop plans for more environmental support for human activity, but even his best plans were based on insufficient climate data and wildly optimistic estimates.
或许根本就是兴趣缺缺，因为成本效益比太低，或许就像从海水中提取溶解的黄金一样。艾尔湖似乎是大自流盆地的源头，
所以去盐(我说的只是氯化钠)不仅是一项巨大的任务，还会危及湿地的周期。如果澳大利亚的人口更像美国，数字确实会有一些变化，但我怀疑它的成本将跟建造山脉来捕捉雨云一个量级。
我们曾有像布拉德菲尔德这样的工程师制定计划，为人类活动提供更多的环境支持，但即使是他最好的计划，也是基于不足的气候数据和过于乐观的估计。
Stuart J Walton
Inland salt is too far from anywhere, especially since there are extensive salt pans all around the coast, nearer to the cities. Trucking it in from the inland desert regions makes no commercial sense.
内陆盐田离任何地方都太远，特别是因为沿海有广阔的盐田，离城市更近。从内陆沙漠地区用卡车运过来没有商业意义。
Inland salt is too far from anywhere, especially since there are extensive salt pans all around the coast, nearer to the cities. Trucking it in from the inland desert regions makes no commercial sense.
内陆盐田离任何地方都太远，特别是因为沿海有广阔的盐田，离城市更近。从内陆沙漠地区用卡车运过来没有商业意义。
Stuart J Walton
Speaking of Australian rivers, here is an interesting map of our river basin systems.
说到澳大利亚的河流，这是一张有趣的流系地图。
Speaking of Australian rivers, here is an interesting map of our river basin systems.
说到澳大利亚的河流，这是一张有趣的流系地图。
John Fenn
The only way at present to make the inland areas viable is to use nuclear power to produce water and electricity. Well that aint gonna fly in our lifetime. But it would be great to at least see some planing done.
目前使内陆地区可行的唯一方法是利用核能发电和供水。 这在我们有生之年是行不通的。 但至少能看到一些计划制定出来也很棒。
Stuart J Walton
We could always turn the northern rivers inland, but it would take centuries to flush all the salt out interior and that would likely kick-off GOSD (global ocean salinity die-out)
我们总是可以把北部的河流转向内陆，但要把所有的盐都冲到内陆需要几个世纪，这可能会引发全球海洋盐度灭绝(GOSD)。
We could always turn the northern rivers inland, but it would take centuries to flush all the salt out interior and that would likely kick-off GOSD (global ocean salinity die-out)
我们总是可以把北部的河流转向内陆，但要把所有的盐都冲到内陆需要几个世纪，这可能会引发全球海洋盐度灭绝(GOSD)。
John Monro
Thanks, nice illustration of river resources. Australia is the oldest, driest and flattest continent, its average elevation is just 300 metres, its “age” is about 3,000 million years - the oldest rocks ever found lie in Australia. . It lies in the sub-tropical high pressure belt south of the equator, there’s the same belt north of the equator. All the great deserts of the world (other than Antarctica) lie in this rough area, check any map - so it is not surprising that Australia is very hot and very arid. As to agriculture the soils are ancient and exhausted, and there’s much underlying salinity. As you say, there’s no renewal of the landscape soils because Australia lies in the middle of a tectonic plate. Australia’s land management has been extremely poor and inappropriate, and has been making the problem much worse at the periphery. Australia is the country most at risk from global warming, but Australia is one of the world’s worst emitters of CO2, and makes its living selling vast amounts of coal so others can do the same. Australia doesn’t really “deserve” what’s coming to it, but as we all do “deserve” what’s coming to us, then Australia’s going to suffer a great deal.
谢谢，很好的河流资源插图。
澳大利亚是世界上最古老、最干燥、最平坦的大陆，其平均海拔只有300米，其“年龄”约为30亿年——迄今为止发现的最古老的岩石位于澳大利亚。它位于赤道以南的亚热带高压带，赤道以北也有同样的高压带。世界上所有的大沙漠(除了南极洲)都位于这片区域，看看地图就知道了，所以澳大利亚非常炎热和干旱也就不足为奇了。
至于农业，这里的土壤古老而贫瘠，还有很多潜在的盐分。就像你说的，没有更新的土壤，因为澳大利亚位于一个构造板块的中心。
此外，澳大利亚的土地管理非常糟糕，这使得周边地区的问题更加严重。澳大利亚是全球变暖风险最大的国家，但澳大利亚是世界上二氧化碳排放最严重的国家之一，它靠销售大量煤炭为生，当然其他国家也在这么做。暗淡的前景并不是澳大利亚真正“应得”的，但正如我们都“应得”的那样，澳大利亚将会遭受巨大的损失。
Thanks, nice illustration of river resources. Australia is the oldest, driest and flattest continent, its average elevation is just 300 metres, its “age” is about 3,000 million years - the oldest rocks ever found lie in Australia. . It lies in the sub-tropical high pressure belt south of the equator, there’s the same belt north of the equator. All the great deserts of the world (other than Antarctica) lie in this rough area, check any map - so it is not surprising that Australia is very hot and very arid. As to agriculture the soils are ancient and exhausted, and there’s much underlying salinity. As you say, there’s no renewal of the landscape soils because Australia lies in the middle of a tectonic plate. Australia’s land management has been extremely poor and inappropriate, and has been making the problem much worse at the periphery. Australia is the country most at risk from global warming, but Australia is one of the world’s worst emitters of CO2, and makes its living selling vast amounts of coal so others can do the same. Australia doesn’t really “deserve” what’s coming to it, but as we all do “deserve” what’s coming to us, then Australia’s going to suffer a great deal.
谢谢，很好的河流资源插图。
澳大利亚是世界上最古老、最干燥、最平坦的大陆，其平均海拔只有300米，其“年龄”约为30亿年——迄今为止发现的最古老的岩石位于澳大利亚。它位于赤道以南的亚热带高压带，赤道以北也有同样的高压带。世界上所有的大沙漠(除了南极洲)都位于这片区域，看看地图就知道了，所以澳大利亚非常炎热和干旱也就不足为奇了。
至于农业，这里的土壤古老而贫瘠，还有很多潜在的盐分。就像你说的，没有更新的土壤，因为澳大利亚位于一个构造板块的中心。
此外，澳大利亚的土地管理非常糟糕，这使得周边地区的问题更加严重。澳大利亚是全球变暖风险最大的国家，但澳大利亚是世界上二氧化碳排放最严重的国家之一，它靠销售大量煤炭为生，当然其他国家也在这么做。暗淡的前景并不是澳大利亚真正“应得”的，但正如我们都“应得”的那样，澳大利亚将会遭受巨大的损失。
Dmitrii Medvedev
When I was a kid, I’ve read in some science-pop books that some times in the past there were geo-engineering projects about making an inner sea in Australia.
This idea was based on the fact that center of Australia is below sea level. In fact I’ve read that when Australia was discovered it was believed that there is an inner sea and even several expeditions went searching for it (and went missing).
In some of Heinlein books it is mentioned a couple times as a background information about and inland lake in Australia that was artificially created.
Of course such project is unfeasible : digging the channel to connect center of the continent with the ocean is prohibitively expensive and it is impossible to predict how much climate of the continent would be altered by this actions. Also flooding large territories means killing a lot of animals who live I the desert.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我在一些科学流行书籍中读到，过去有一些地球工程项目是关于在澳大利亚造一个内海的。
这个想法是基于澳大利亚中部低于海平面的事实。事实上，我读到过，当澳大利亚被发现时，人们认为那里有一个内陆海，甚至有几个探险队去寻找它(然后失踪了)。
在海因莱因的一些书中，关于澳大利亚的人工湖被多次作为背景资料提到。
当然，这样的项目是不可行的:挖一条连接大陆中心和海洋的水道是非常高昂的，而且不可能预测这一行动会对大陆的气候产生多大的影响。洪水泛滥也意味着许多生活在沙漠中的动物会被杀死。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
When I was a kid, I’ve read in some science-pop books that some times in the past there were geo-engineering projects about making an inner sea in Australia.
This idea was based on the fact that center of Australia is below sea level. In fact I’ve read that when Australia was discovered it was believed that there is an inner sea and even several expeditions went searching for it (and went missing).
In some of Heinlein books it is mentioned a couple times as a background information about and inland lake in Australia that was artificially created.
Of course such project is unfeasible : digging the channel to connect center of the continent with the ocean is prohibitively expensive and it is impossible to predict how much climate of the continent would be altered by this actions. Also flooding large territories means killing a lot of animals who live I the desert.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我在一些科学流行书籍中读到，过去有一些地球工程项目是关于在澳大利亚造一个内海的。
这个想法是基于澳大利亚中部低于海平面的事实。事实上，我读到过，当澳大利亚被发现时，人们认为那里有一个内陆海，甚至有几个探险队去寻找它(然后失踪了)。
在海因莱因的一些书中，关于澳大利亚的人工湖被多次作为背景资料提到。
当然，这样的项目是不可行的:挖一条连接大陆中心和海洋的水道是非常高昂的，而且不可能预测这一行动会对大陆的气候产生多大的影响。洪水泛滥也意味着许多生活在沙漠中的动物会被杀死。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
David Currey
Perhaps a large diameter pipe could be laid from the ocean to central Australia, which would fill in a salt lake over several decades. I wouldn’t be in favor of that, because as you said, the climate alteration would be unknown, and could be disastrous. Also, the pipe might require expensive maintenance. The sea animals sucked along through the pipe might cause issues, and the salinization of the area would certainly cause problems.
The state of Louisiana in the United States has had problems when some of the Mississippi River water was diverted down the Atchafalaya River as part of a flood control project. This resulted in the opposite effect: desalinization. Coastal areas that had been salt marshes became much more brackish, and greatly affected plant and animal life detrimentally.
When humans make environmental changes to the land, it often backfires dramatically.
也许可以铺设一条从海洋到澳大利亚中部的大直径管道，这将填满一个盐湖，耗时几十年。我不赞成这样做，因为正如你所说，气候变化是未知的，可能是灾难性的。此外，管道可能需要昂贵的维护费用。通过管道吸入的海洋动物可能会造成问题，该地区的盐碱化也肯定会造成问题。
美国路易斯安那州就曾遇到问题——作为防洪工程的一部分，密西西比河的一些水被引到阿查法拉亚河。这导致了相反的效果:脱盐。曾经是盐沼的沿海地区变得越来越咸，对动植物的生活造成了极大的不利影响。
当人类改变土地的环境时，往往会适得其反。
Perhaps a large diameter pipe could be laid from the ocean to central Australia, which would fill in a salt lake over several decades. I wouldn’t be in favor of that, because as you said, the climate alteration would be unknown, and could be disastrous. Also, the pipe might require expensive maintenance. The sea animals sucked along through the pipe might cause issues, and the salinization of the area would certainly cause problems.
The state of Louisiana in the United States has had problems when some of the Mississippi River water was diverted down the Atchafalaya River as part of a flood control project. This resulted in the opposite effect: desalinization. Coastal areas that had been salt marshes became much more brackish, and greatly affected plant and animal life detrimentally.
When humans make environmental changes to the land, it often backfires dramatically.
也许可以铺设一条从海洋到澳大利亚中部的大直径管道，这将填满一个盐湖，耗时几十年。我不赞成这样做，因为正如你所说，气候变化是未知的，可能是灾难性的。此外，管道可能需要昂贵的维护费用。通过管道吸入的海洋动物可能会造成问题，该地区的盐碱化也肯定会造成问题。
美国路易斯安那州就曾遇到问题——作为防洪工程的一部分，密西西比河的一些水被引到阿查法拉亚河。这导致了相反的效果:脱盐。曾经是盐沼的沿海地区变得越来越咸，对动植物的生活造成了极大的不利影响。
当人类改变土地的环境时，往往会适得其反。
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