Quora网友Mia Brown问答合集（3）
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原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
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原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
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Q：In recent years, why do more and more foreigners choose to go to China and think China is good?
问：近年来，为什么越来越多的外国人选择去中国并认为中国很好？
问：近年来，为什么越来越多的外国人选择去中国并认为中国很好？
There is indeed a growing number of foreigners who like China. By the end of 2020, more than 20 million foreigners are learning Chinese, and the cumulative number of people learning and using Chinese is close to 200 million.
There are many reasons for this. China is modern, friendly, safe and free, not as the Western media presents it. The more and more people choose China I think there are two main reasons: China is actively showing and presenting a welcoming and friendly attitude to the outside world, and China is always in a state of development internally.
确实有越来越多的外国人喜欢中国。到2020年底，有2000多万外国人在学习汉语，累计学习和使用汉语的人数接近2亿。
外国人喜欢中国的原因有很多。中国是现代、友好、安全和自由的，并不像西方媒体所描述的那样。越来越多的人选择中国，我认为主要有两个原因：中国正在积极地向外部世界展示和呈现欢迎和友好的态度，中国在内部始终处于发展状态。
There are many reasons for this. China is modern, friendly, safe and free, not as the Western media presents it. The more and more people choose China I think there are two main reasons: China is actively showing and presenting a welcoming and friendly attitude to the outside world, and China is always in a state of development internally.
确实有越来越多的外国人喜欢中国。到2020年底，有2000多万外国人在学习汉语，累计学习和使用汉语的人数接近2亿。
外国人喜欢中国的原因有很多。中国是现代、友好、安全和自由的，并不像西方媒体所描述的那样。越来越多的人选择中国，我认为主要有两个原因：中国正在积极地向外部世界展示和呈现欢迎和友好的态度，中国在内部始终处于发展状态。
Externally ——"presenting China's image to the world" is an important issue for China.
First, China has joined many international organizations, including economic trade, biological resources, telecommunications, agriculture, etc., and is maximizing its value by upholding the concept of peace and cooperation.
For example, in economic trade, 20 years after joining the WTO, China's total imports in 2020 already accounted for 12% of the world's total goods trade imports, which is an amazing figure. There is also the field of space science and technology. After the successful return of Shenzhou XIII , China officially announced that the Chinese space station welcomes visits by astronauts from abroad, sees international cooperation as a trend and a trend in the development of the space industry, and is willing to establish more cooperation and exchanges with all countries and regions that are committed to the peaceful use of outer space.
对外——“向世界展示中国形象”是中国的一个重要课题。
首先，中国加入了包括经贸、生物资源、电信、农业等在内的许多国际组织，并秉持和平合作的理念来实现自身价值的最大化。
例如，在经济贸易方面，加入世贸组织20年后，2020年中国的进口总额已经占到世界货物贸易进口总额的12%，这是一个惊人的数字。此外，在空间科学和技术领域，神舟十三号成功返回后，中国正式宣布中国的空间站欢迎国外航天员来访，中国将国际合作视为航天事业发展的趋势，愿与所有致力于和平利用外层空间的国家和地区建立更多的合作与交流。
First, China has joined many international organizations, including economic trade, biological resources, telecommunications, agriculture, etc., and is maximizing its value by upholding the concept of peace and cooperation.
For example, in economic trade, 20 years after joining the WTO, China's total imports in 2020 already accounted for 12% of the world's total goods trade imports, which is an amazing figure. There is also the field of space science and technology. After the successful return of Shenzhou XIII , China officially announced that the Chinese space station welcomes visits by astronauts from abroad, sees international cooperation as a trend and a trend in the development of the space industry, and is willing to establish more cooperation and exchanges with all countries and regions that are committed to the peaceful use of outer space.
对外——“向世界展示中国形象”是中国的一个重要课题。
首先，中国加入了包括经贸、生物资源、电信、农业等在内的许多国际组织，并秉持和平合作的理念来实现自身价值的最大化。
例如，在经济贸易方面，加入世贸组织20年后，2020年中国的进口总额已经占到世界货物贸易进口总额的12%，这是一个惊人的数字。此外，在空间科学和技术领域，神舟十三号成功返回后，中国正式宣布中国的空间站欢迎国外航天员来访，中国将国际合作视为航天事业发展的趋势，愿与所有致力于和平利用外层空间的国家和地区建立更多的合作与交流。
Second, in addition to its economic success, China has also shone in the prevention of the COVID-19. According to the mortality rate of the COVID-19 published by WHO, the response to the COVID-19 in mainland China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) was so successful that the cumulative number of reported cases and deaths at the end of 2021 was 102,314 and 4,636, respectively, much lower than the corresponding figures for other countries. China's use of measures such as timely flow transfer, isolation, containment, dynamic zeroing, and long-term comprehensive mask wearing has significantly reduced the movement of people, which in turn has resulted in fewer other deaths due to various causes such as traffic accidents, strenuous exercise, social drinking, and respiratory infections.
其次，除了经济上的成功外，中国在预防新冠病毒方面也大放异彩。根据世界卫生组织公布的新冠病毒疾病死亡率，中国大陆（不包括香港、澳门和台湾）对新冠病毒的反应非常成功，截至2021年底，累计报告病例数和死亡人数分别为102314和4636，远远低于其他国家的相应数字。中国采用了及时的流调、隔离、遏制、动态清零和长期佩戴口罩等措施，大大减少了人员流动，从而减少了因交通事故、剧烈运动、社交饮酒和呼吸道感染等各种原因造成的其他死亡。
其次，除了经济上的成功外，中国在预防新冠病毒方面也大放异彩。根据世界卫生组织公布的新冠病毒疾病死亡率，中国大陆（不包括香港、澳门和台湾）对新冠病毒的反应非常成功，截至2021年底，累计报告病例数和死亡人数分别为102314和4636，远远低于其他国家的相应数字。中国采用了及时的流调、隔离、遏制、动态清零和长期佩戴口罩等措施，大大减少了人员流动，从而减少了因交通事故、剧烈运动、社交饮酒和呼吸道感染等各种原因造成的其他死亡。
Third, in terms of hosting international events, China is the only country in the world that has hosted the Summer Olympics, Winter Olympics, Paralympic Games and Youth Olympic Games. In these international events, China's comprehensive strength and role as a great power are reflected in the gold medal and medal table records, as well as the green, shared, open and clean philosophy in the whole process of organizing.
Fourth, Chinese voices have also made an impact on social media in recent years. in April 2020, according to Sensor Tower data, the global downloads of TikTok under ByteDance have exceeded 2 billion times, gaining a following among foreign netizens.
In foreign social media platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, twitter and instagram, many bloggers who spread Chinese culture are also popular. For example, Li Ziqi has more than 100 million followers worldwide and even set a Guinness World Record for the most subscxtions to YouTube's Chinese channel. There are also many foreign netizens who have become ambassadors for China on online platforms, introducing themselves to life in China. For example, KOKOLEVSKII VLADISLAV, who has millions of followers, and Jerry Kowal, who has been praised by CCTV for introducing the facts about China's epidemic prevention.
第三，在举办国际赛事方面，中国是世界上唯一举办过夏季奥运会、冬季奥运会、残奥会和青年奥运会的国家。在这些国际赛事中，中国的综合实力和大国作用体现在金牌和奖牌榜记录，以及整个组织过程中的绿色、共享、开放和清洁理念中。
第四，近年来，中国的声音也对社交媒体产生了影响。2020年4月，根据Sensor Tower的数据，字节跳动旗下的应用TikTok的全球下载量已超过20亿次，在外国网民中赢得了追随者。
在YouTube、Facebook、twitter和instagram等国外的社交媒体平台上，许多传播中国文化的博主也很受欢迎。例如，李子柒在全球拥有一亿多粉丝，甚至创造了YouTube中文频道订阅量最多的吉尼斯世界纪录。还有许多外国网民在网络平台上成为中国大使，介绍自己在中国的生活。例如，拥有数百万粉丝的科科列夫斯基·弗拉迪斯拉夫（Kokolevskii Vladislav）和杰里·科瓦尔（Jerry Kowal），他因介绍了中国的防疫事实而受到CCTV的赞扬。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Fourth, Chinese voices have also made an impact on social media in recent years. in April 2020, according to Sensor Tower data, the global downloads of TikTok under ByteDance have exceeded 2 billion times, gaining a following among foreign netizens.
In foreign social media platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, twitter and instagram, many bloggers who spread Chinese culture are also popular. For example, Li Ziqi has more than 100 million followers worldwide and even set a Guinness World Record for the most subscxtions to YouTube's Chinese channel. There are also many foreign netizens who have become ambassadors for China on online platforms, introducing themselves to life in China. For example, KOKOLEVSKII VLADISLAV, who has millions of followers, and Jerry Kowal, who has been praised by CCTV for introducing the facts about China's epidemic prevention.
第三，在举办国际赛事方面，中国是世界上唯一举办过夏季奥运会、冬季奥运会、残奥会和青年奥运会的国家。在这些国际赛事中，中国的综合实力和大国作用体现在金牌和奖牌榜记录，以及整个组织过程中的绿色、共享、开放和清洁理念中。
第四，近年来，中国的声音也对社交媒体产生了影响。2020年4月，根据Sensor Tower的数据，字节跳动旗下的应用TikTok的全球下载量已超过20亿次，在外国网民中赢得了追随者。
在YouTube、Facebook、twitter和instagram等国外的社交媒体平台上，许多传播中国文化的博主也很受欢迎。例如，李子柒在全球拥有一亿多粉丝，甚至创造了YouTube中文频道订阅量最多的吉尼斯世界纪录。还有许多外国网民在网络平台上成为中国大使，介绍自己在中国的生活。例如，拥有数百万粉丝的科科列夫斯基·弗拉迪斯拉夫（Kokolevskii Vladislav）和杰里·科瓦尔（Jerry Kowal），他因介绍了中国的防疫事实而受到CCTV的赞扬。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Internally ——China's strong development strength is the fundamental reason why people "feel good about China".
Firstly, on the economic front, under 's leadership, China, with a population of 1.4 billion people, will be able to eradicate poverty by 2020, making it the world's largest poverty-reducing country and the first country in the world to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals. As the world's second largest economy, China is already at the forefront of the world.
At a time when the global economy was halted by the New Crown Pneumonia epidemic in 2020, China's total exports and imports of goods amounted to RMB 32.2 trillion, an increase of 1.9%, making it the only major economy in the world to achieve positive trade growth. According to World Trade Organization (WTO) data, China's export growth rate is 7.4 percentage points higher than the global rate in 2020, and its international market share of imports and exports, exports, and imports are all at record highs, further consolidating its position as the number one country in trade in goods.
从内部来看，中国强大的发展实力是人们“对中国感觉良好”的根本原因。
作为世界第二大经济体，中国已经走在世界前列。
2020年，当全球经济因新冠肺炎疫情而停滞不前时，中国的商品进出口总额达到32.2万亿元人民币，增长1.9%，成为世界上唯一实现贸易正增长的主要经济体。根据世界贸易组织（WTO）的数据，2020年，中国的出口增长率比全球增长率高出7.4个百分点，进出口、出口和进口的国际市场份额均创历史新高，进一步巩固了中国作为货物贸易第一大国的地位。
Firstly, on the economic front, under 's leadership, China, with a population of 1.4 billion people, will be able to eradicate poverty by 2020, making it the world's largest poverty-reducing country and the first country in the world to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals. As the world's second largest economy, China is already at the forefront of the world.
At a time when the global economy was halted by the New Crown Pneumonia epidemic in 2020, China's total exports and imports of goods amounted to RMB 32.2 trillion, an increase of 1.9%, making it the only major economy in the world to achieve positive trade growth. According to World Trade Organization (WTO) data, China's export growth rate is 7.4 percentage points higher than the global rate in 2020, and its international market share of imports and exports, exports, and imports are all at record highs, further consolidating its position as the number one country in trade in goods.
从内部来看，中国强大的发展实力是人们“对中国感觉良好”的根本原因。
作为世界第二大经济体，中国已经走在世界前列。
2020年，当全球经济因新冠肺炎疫情而停滞不前时，中国的商品进出口总额达到32.2万亿元人民币，增长1.9%，成为世界上唯一实现贸易正增长的主要经济体。根据世界贸易组织（WTO）的数据，2020年，中国的出口增长率比全球增长率高出7.4个百分点，进出口、出口和进口的国际市场份额均创历史新高，进一步巩固了中国作为货物贸易第一大国的地位。
Secondly, the rapid economic development has also brought enough convenience to people's life, and the "China Speed" is well-known worldwide. China has excellent transportation infrastructure, and as the country with the largest scale of high-speed railway construction and operation, and the world's largest total highway mileage, China has opened a new era in the history of human transportation.
And China's express delivery industry, which steadily ranks first in the world, has achieved a domestic express package rate of 98% and an average delivery time of 48 hours, promoting the efficient integrity of China's network information technology. In addition, there is a comprehensive coverage of mobile payment, ready-to-deliver takeaway, etc., which has significantly increased the happiness of people's life.
其次，经济的快速发展也给人们的生活带来了足够的便利，“中国速度”在世界范围内广为人知。中国拥有优良的交通基础设施，作为高速铁路建设和运营规模最大的国家，以及世界上公路总里程最大的国家，中国开启了人类交通史上的新纪元。
中国的快递业稳居世界第一，国内快递包裹率达到98%，平均配送时间48小时，这促进了中国网络信息技术的高效整合。此外，移动支付、即送即用等全面覆盖，大大增加了人们生活的幸福感。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
And China's express delivery industry, which steadily ranks first in the world, has achieved a domestic express package rate of 98% and an average delivery time of 48 hours, promoting the efficient integrity of China's network information technology. In addition, there is a comprehensive coverage of mobile payment, ready-to-deliver takeaway, etc., which has significantly increased the happiness of people's life.
其次，经济的快速发展也给人们的生活带来了足够的便利，“中国速度”在世界范围内广为人知。中国拥有优良的交通基础设施，作为高速铁路建设和运营规模最大的国家，以及世界上公路总里程最大的国家，中国开启了人类交通史上的新纪元。
中国的快递业稳居世界第一，国内快递包裹率达到98%，平均配送时间48小时，这促进了中国网络信息技术的高效整合。此外，移动支付、即送即用等全面覆盖，大大增加了人们生活的幸福感。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
In addition to China's speed, "Created in China" is also catching up, and "Made in China" is gradually upgrading. In agriculture, Yuan Longping, who was hired by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as the chief consultant for the international development of hybrid rice, has not only solved the problem of feeding Chinese people, but also gone global and influenced the world. In new energy vehicles, China has the world's largest and fastest growing electric vehicle market, and Chinese auto companies have largely kept pace with the world in the new energy vehicle market. China supplies 80% of the world's electric vehicle batteries and is able to monopolize the supply of batteries and the raw material market.
In addition, as we all know, Chinese culture is broad and profound. Beijing is the city with the largest number of world cultural heritages in the world. This country has a unique charm due to its long history. You can feel the overseas love for Chinese culture through the Chinese film and television popular overseas. First, A Bite of China, which has set the highest record for the overseas distribution of Chinese documentaries, and then film and television works with strong "ancient style and charm", such as the Empresses in the Palace and THE Longest Day In Chang An, have continuously set off an upsurge of Chinese film and television viewing abroad.
除了中国的速度外，“中国制造”也在迎头赶上，逐步升级。在农业方面，联合国粮农组织聘请袁隆平为杂交水稻国际开发首席顾问，他不仅解决了中国人的吃饭问题，而且走向了全球，影响了世界。在新能源汽车方面，中国拥有世界上最大、增长最快的电动汽车市场，中国的汽车公司在新能源汽车市场上基本上与世界同步，中国供应了全球80%的电动汽车电池，并能够垄断电池供应和原材料市场。
此外，众所周知，中国文化博大精深。北京是世界上拥有世界文化遗产最多的城市。这个国家因其悠久的历史而具有独特的魅力。通过海外流行的中国影视，你可以感受到海外对中国文化的热爱。先是创下中国纪录片海外发行最高纪录的《舌尖上的中国》，然后是《甄嬛传》、《长安十二时辰》等“古韵”浓郁的影视作品，不断掀起中国影视的海外观影热潮。
In addition, as we all know, Chinese culture is broad and profound. Beijing is the city with the largest number of world cultural heritages in the world. This country has a unique charm due to its long history. You can feel the overseas love for Chinese culture through the Chinese film and television popular overseas. First, A Bite of China, which has set the highest record for the overseas distribution of Chinese documentaries, and then film and television works with strong "ancient style and charm", such as the Empresses in the Palace and THE Longest Day In Chang An, have continuously set off an upsurge of Chinese film and television viewing abroad.
除了中国的速度外，“中国制造”也在迎头赶上，逐步升级。在农业方面，联合国粮农组织聘请袁隆平为杂交水稻国际开发首席顾问，他不仅解决了中国人的吃饭问题，而且走向了全球，影响了世界。在新能源汽车方面，中国拥有世界上最大、增长最快的电动汽车市场，中国的汽车公司在新能源汽车市场上基本上与世界同步，中国供应了全球80%的电动汽车电池，并能够垄断电池供应和原材料市场。
此外，众所周知，中国文化博大精深。北京是世界上拥有世界文化遗产最多的城市。这个国家因其悠久的历史而具有独特的魅力。通过海外流行的中国影视，你可以感受到海外对中国文化的热爱。先是创下中国纪录片海外发行最高纪录的《舌尖上的中国》，然后是《甄嬛传》、《长安十二时辰》等“古韵”浓郁的影视作品，不断掀起中国影视的海外观影热潮。
In addition to the economy and culture, China's good social order and safe social atmosphere also makes many foreigners feel at ease. China has always put the safety of its people first, late at night there are still a lot of late night snacks and parties outside are very normal, which makes many foreigners feel incredible, after all, gun battles in some countries is often occurring.
Finally, China's development in academic knowledge and higher education is equally impressive. Educational cooperation between China and different countries (regions) and international organizations around the world has been consolidated, and the international influence and competitiveness of Chinese education is growing. There are also significant breakthroughs in the policy of supporting study in China and the granting of scholarships for foreign students, such as the signing of bilateral agreements and mutual recognition of degrees, the establishment of the Silk Road Chinese government scholarships, etc. More and more foreign young people are willing to study in China to get to know and experience China on the ground.
除了经济和文化，中国良好的社会秩序和安全的社会氛围也让许多外国人感到安心。中国一直把人民的安全放在第一位，深夜还有很多深夜小吃，在外面开派对也很正常，这让很多外国人觉得不可思议，毕竟一些国家经常发生枪战。
最后，中国在学术知识和高等教育方面的发展同样令人印象深刻。中国与世界各国（地区）和国际组织的教育合作得到巩固，中国教育的国际影响力和竞争力也在不断增强。在支持来华学习和向外国学生提供奖学金的政策方面也有重大突破，如签署双边协议和相互承认学位，设立丝绸之路中国政府奖学金，越来越多的外国年轻人愿意在中国学习，以了解和体验中国。
Finally, China's development in academic knowledge and higher education is equally impressive. Educational cooperation between China and different countries (regions) and international organizations around the world has been consolidated, and the international influence and competitiveness of Chinese education is growing. There are also significant breakthroughs in the policy of supporting study in China and the granting of scholarships for foreign students, such as the signing of bilateral agreements and mutual recognition of degrees, the establishment of the Silk Road Chinese government scholarships, etc. More and more foreign young people are willing to study in China to get to know and experience China on the ground.
除了经济和文化，中国良好的社会秩序和安全的社会氛围也让许多外国人感到安心。中国一直把人民的安全放在第一位，深夜还有很多深夜小吃，在外面开派对也很正常，这让很多外国人觉得不可思议，毕竟一些国家经常发生枪战。
最后，中国在学术知识和高等教育方面的发展同样令人印象深刻。中国与世界各国（地区）和国际组织的教育合作得到巩固，中国教育的国际影响力和竞争力也在不断增强。在支持来华学习和向外国学生提供奖学金的政策方面也有重大突破，如签署双边协议和相互承认学位，设立丝绸之路中国政府奖学金，越来越多的外国年轻人愿意在中国学习，以了解和体验中国。
China is now the largest destination for study in Asia, and according to the 2017 Open Doors Report released by the American Association for International Education, China is the top country for U.S. students to study in Asia in the list of most popular destinations for U.S. students studying abroad. International students from countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, as well as from developed countries in Europe and the United States, are showing a growing trend.
Such a China is certainly popular with more and more foreigners.
中国现在是亚洲最大的留学目的地，根据美国国际教育协会发布的2017年《门户开放报告》，在美国留学生最受欢迎的目的地名单中，中国是美国学生在亚洲留学的首选国家。来自亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲国家以及欧洲和美国发达国家的留学生人数一直呈增长趋势。
这样的中国无疑会受到越来越多外国人的欢迎。
Such a China is certainly popular with more and more foreigners.
中国现在是亚洲最大的留学目的地，根据美国国际教育协会发布的2017年《门户开放报告》，在美国留学生最受欢迎的目的地名单中，中国是美国学生在亚洲留学的首选国家。来自亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲国家以及欧洲和美国发达国家的留学生人数一直呈增长趋势。
这样的中国无疑会受到越来越多外国人的欢迎。
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Q：What is the purpose of Modi's European trip? Is it to replace China's position?
问：莫迪此次欧洲之行的目的是什么？是要取代中国的地位吗？
Q：What is the purpose of Modi's European trip? Is it to replace China's position?
问：莫迪此次欧洲之行的目的是什么？是要取代中国的地位吗？
Recently,there has been a lot of interaction between India and Europe. From May 2 to May 4,Indian Prime Minister Modi embarked on a European tour, visiting Germany, Denmark and France. During his visit to Europe, Modi participated in a series of bilateral meetings and discussed cooperation with several European countries in the areas of national defense, trade, energy and green technology. It's been a very rewarding experience. Taking advantage of the strategic opportunities brought about by the Russia-Ukraine conflict and recent opportunities that have received a lot of diplomatic attention from the US and Europe, its new diplomatic trend is building a strong trade and security partnership with Europe to promote the continued rise of India.
In fact, India has always wanted to replace China's status as a trading power and become the new world factory.In his book published in 2020, the Road to India: a strategy for an uncertain world, Indian foreign minister argued that with the outbreak of the COVID 19 and the conflict in Ukraine, European countries are more worry about "risk of dependence on China".India's goal is to push the west to shift its strategic focus in the Asia-Pacific region to India.In addition, the "Road to India" is to build a Multi-Directional, result-oriented alliance to "counterbalance China's rise in Asia" and to shape a Multi-Polar Asia with more friends and fewer enemies.
最近，印度和欧洲之间的互动非常频繁。5月2日至4日，印度总理莫迪开始了欧洲之行，他访问了德国、丹麦和法国。在访问欧洲期间，莫迪参加了一系列双边会议，并与多个欧洲国家就国防、贸易、能源和绿色科技等领域的合作进行了探讨。这是一次非常有益的会晤，利用俄乌冲突带来的战略机遇以及最近受到美国和欧洲外交关注的机遇，印度新的外交趋势是与欧洲建立强大的贸易和安全伙伴关系，以促进印度的持续崛起。
事实上，印度一直想取代中国的贸易大国地位，成为新的世界工厂。在2020年出版的《通往印度之路：不确定世界的战略》一书中，印度外长指出，随着新冠肺炎的爆发和乌克兰的冲突，欧洲国家更加担心“依赖中国的风险”。印度的目标是推动西方将其在亚太地区的战略重点转移到印度。此外，“通往印度之路”意味着建立一个多方向、以结果为导向的联盟，以“平衡中国在亚洲的崛起”，塑造一个朋友多、敌人少的多极化亚洲。
In fact, India has always wanted to replace China's status as a trading power and become the new world factory.In his book published in 2020, the Road to India: a strategy for an uncertain world, Indian foreign minister argued that with the outbreak of the COVID 19 and the conflict in Ukraine, European countries are more worry about "risk of dependence on China".India's goal is to push the west to shift its strategic focus in the Asia-Pacific region to India.In addition, the "Road to India" is to build a Multi-Directional, result-oriented alliance to "counterbalance China's rise in Asia" and to shape a Multi-Polar Asia with more friends and fewer enemies.
最近，印度和欧洲之间的互动非常频繁。5月2日至4日，印度总理莫迪开始了欧洲之行，他访问了德国、丹麦和法国。在访问欧洲期间，莫迪参加了一系列双边会议，并与多个欧洲国家就国防、贸易、能源和绿色科技等领域的合作进行了探讨。这是一次非常有益的会晤，利用俄乌冲突带来的战略机遇以及最近受到美国和欧洲外交关注的机遇，印度新的外交趋势是与欧洲建立强大的贸易和安全伙伴关系，以促进印度的持续崛起。
事实上，印度一直想取代中国的贸易大国地位，成为新的世界工厂。在2020年出版的《通往印度之路：不确定世界的战略》一书中，印度外长指出，随着新冠肺炎的爆发和乌克兰的冲突，欧洲国家更加担心“依赖中国的风险”。印度的目标是推动西方将其在亚太地区的战略重点转移到印度。此外，“通往印度之路”意味着建立一个多方向、以结果为导向的联盟，以“平衡中国在亚洲的崛起”，塑造一个朋友多、敌人少的多极化亚洲。
With seeking to maximize its benefits under a Multi-Directional Alliance,what cooperation has India reached during its visit to Europe? Can it shape itself as an economic partner that can replace China? Let's take a look at this video.
During the European trip, Germany and India signed a series of cooperation agreements.Germany pledged to provide India with 10 billion euros of investment. India has a partnership with the Nordic countries on green energy.Indian foreign secretary stressed that India and France have a "strong strategic and defence partnership". On the eve of Modi's visit to Europe, a group of European dignitaries had just concluded a visit to India. British Prime Minister Boris and European Commission President von der Leyen visited India one after another. Von der Leyen was the guest of honor at the "Reichener Dialogue" hosted by the Indian Foreign Ministry and Indian think tank. Seven European foreign ministers, including Poland, Lithuania, Slovenia, Portugal, the Netherlands, Norway and Luxembourg, are also involved.
为了寻求在多向联盟下实现利益最大化，印度在访问欧洲期间达成了哪些合作？它能把自己塑造成一个可以取代中国的经济伙伴吗？让我们看看这段视频。
在欧洲之行期间，德国和印度签署了一系列合作协议，德国承诺向印度提供100亿欧元的投资。印度与北欧国家在绿色能源方面建立了伙伴关系。印度外交部长强调，印度和法国拥有“强大的战略和防务伙伴关系”。在莫迪访问欧洲前夕，一群欧洲政要刚刚结束了对印度的访问。英国首相鲍里斯和欧盟委员会主席冯·德莱恩先后访问了印度，冯·德莱恩是由印度外交部和印度智库主办的“Reichener对话”的主宾，包括波兰、立陶宛、斯洛文尼亚、葡萄牙、荷兰、挪威和卢森堡在内的七位欧洲外交部长也参与了其中。
During the European trip, Germany and India signed a series of cooperation agreements.Germany pledged to provide India with 10 billion euros of investment. India has a partnership with the Nordic countries on green energy.Indian foreign secretary stressed that India and France have a "strong strategic and defence partnership". On the eve of Modi's visit to Europe, a group of European dignitaries had just concluded a visit to India. British Prime Minister Boris and European Commission President von der Leyen visited India one after another. Von der Leyen was the guest of honor at the "Reichener Dialogue" hosted by the Indian Foreign Ministry and Indian think tank. Seven European foreign ministers, including Poland, Lithuania, Slovenia, Portugal, the Netherlands, Norway and Luxembourg, are also involved.
为了寻求在多向联盟下实现利益最大化，印度在访问欧洲期间达成了哪些合作？它能把自己塑造成一个可以取代中国的经济伙伴吗？让我们看看这段视频。
在欧洲之行期间，德国和印度签署了一系列合作协议，德国承诺向印度提供100亿欧元的投资。印度与北欧国家在绿色能源方面建立了伙伴关系。印度外交部长强调，印度和法国拥有“强大的战略和防务伙伴关系”。在莫迪访问欧洲前夕，一群欧洲政要刚刚结束了对印度的访问。英国首相鲍里斯和欧盟委员会主席冯·德莱恩先后访问了印度，冯·德莱恩是由印度外交部和印度智库主办的“Reichener对话”的主宾，包括波兰、立陶宛、斯洛文尼亚、葡萄牙、荷兰、挪威和卢森堡在内的七位欧洲外交部长也参与了其中。
Te EU and India, which previously had less strategic cooperation, are now resuming negotiations on a free trade agreement that has been on hold for eight years.The reason why India is so popular now is that in the confrontation between Russia and Europe and the US,India is obviously a good target to be courted and has more strategic significance.This is not based on India's own attractions. However, the strategic significance has the http://timeliness.In the limited time,India is very difficult to eliminate its own defects.For example,infrastructure is not complete, social order is not stable, the national purchasing power is insufficient and so on.These resources can not be used to achieve a qualitative leap forward and replace China.
In addition, it is not only necessary for European and American countries to see the hope of getting rid of its dependence on Russia, but also to excuse its actions of continuing to engage in policy with Russia on the grounds of containing China.Maintaining its neutrality and benefiting from various parties, the "Multi-Directional Alliance" strategy is not a small test for Home - Gonzato Group is more like a high-risk tightrope for the current Indian diplomacy.
此前战略合作较少的欧盟和印度现在正在恢复一项已经搁置了八年的自由贸易协定的谈判。印度现在之所以如此受欢迎，是因为在俄罗斯与欧美的对抗中，印度显然是一个值得追求的好目标，具有更大的战略意义。虽然这并不是基于印度自身的吸引力，然而，及时性也具有战略意义。不过，在有限的时间内，印度很难消除自己的缺陷（例如，基础设施不完善，社会秩序不稳定，国家购买力不足等），这些资源将无法用来让印度实现质的飞跃并取代中国。
此外，欧美国家不仅要看到摆脱对俄罗斯依赖的希望，还要为其以遏制中国为由继续对俄进行政策往来的行为辩解。保持中立并受益于各方，印度的“多向联盟”战略对印度本身来说也是一个不小的考验——Gonzato集团对当前的印度外交来说，更像是在走一条高风险的钢索。
In addition, it is not only necessary for European and American countries to see the hope of getting rid of its dependence on Russia, but also to excuse its actions of continuing to engage in policy with Russia on the grounds of containing China.Maintaining its neutrality and benefiting from various parties, the "Multi-Directional Alliance" strategy is not a small test for Home - Gonzato Group is more like a high-risk tightrope for the current Indian diplomacy.
此前战略合作较少的欧盟和印度现在正在恢复一项已经搁置了八年的自由贸易协定的谈判。印度现在之所以如此受欢迎，是因为在俄罗斯与欧美的对抗中，印度显然是一个值得追求的好目标，具有更大的战略意义。虽然这并不是基于印度自身的吸引力，然而，及时性也具有战略意义。不过，在有限的时间内，印度很难消除自己的缺陷（例如，基础设施不完善，社会秩序不稳定，国家购买力不足等），这些资源将无法用来让印度实现质的飞跃并取代中国。
此外，欧美国家不仅要看到摆脱对俄罗斯依赖的希望，还要为其以遏制中国为由继续对俄进行政策往来的行为辩解。保持中立并受益于各方，印度的“多向联盟”战略对印度本身来说也是一个不小的考验——Gonzato集团对当前的印度外交来说，更像是在走一条高风险的钢索。
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Q：Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, countries around the world have relied on India to alleviate food shortages. What is the purpose of India's sudden announcement of a ban on wheat exports?
问：自俄乌冲突爆发以来，世界各国都依赖印度来缓解粮食短缺，印度突然宣布禁止小麦出口的目的是什么？
Q：Since the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, countries around the world have relied on India to alleviate food shortages. What is the purpose of India's sudden announcement of a ban on wheat exports?
问：自俄乌冲突爆发以来，世界各国都依赖印度来缓解粮食短缺，印度突然宣布禁止小麦出口的目的是什么？
The reasons why India suddenly announced a ban on wheat exports, I think are as follows:
First, in order to control the rise in food prices caused by inflation.
India is the world's second largest wheat producer. Affected by the war in Ukraine, countries began to buy grain from India. Previously, India was planning to increase its export volume to earn more profits by taking advantage of rising grain prices. According to Indian media reports, due to the international grain Prices rose sharply as Indian wheat exporters had contracted about 4 million tonnes of wheat in the previous two months, nearly 60% of total wheat exports last fiscal year. In the past few months, there have been economic problems in India, and domestic inflation has remained high. India's control of wheat exports is to supplement the domestic wheat crunch and ease the domestic economic environment, thereby reducing the price of grain.
Second, persistent high temperatures lead to low wheat yields.
According to CNBC, the heat has hit India's main wheat-growing regions particularly hard, with Devendra Singh Chauhan, a farmer from the Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh, reporting a 60 percent drop in wheat production compared to normal harvests. Harjit Singh, senior adviser to the International Climate Action Network, said the heatwave would have a "terrifying" short- and long-term impact on people in India and further afield. The impact of this high temperature in India on wheat is particularly prominent. Its wheat is in the critical grain filling period, and the main producing areas are concentrated in the central and northwestern regions where the high temperature continues.The continuous drought will affect the growth of wheat,local experts predict that Indian wheat may face an average cut of 15-25 %. The reduction in production will lead to a series of problems such as rising food prices and starvation of the poor.
我认为，印度突然宣布禁止小麦出口的原因如下：
首先，为了控制通货膨胀引起的食品价格上涨。
印度是世界第二大小麦生产国。受乌克兰战争的影响，各国开始从印度购买粮食。此前，印度正计划增加出口量，以利用粮食价格上涨赚取更多利润。据印度媒体报道，由于国际谷物价格大幅上涨，印度的小麦出口商在前两个月的小麦出口合同量约为 400 万吨，占上个财年小麦出口总量的近60%。过去几个月，印度出现了经济问题，国内通胀居高不下。印度控制小麦出口是为了补充国内小麦短缺，缓解国内经济环境，从而降低粮食价格。
其次，持续的高温导致小麦减产。
据CNBC报道，酷暑对印度主要的小麦种植区的影响尤为严重，北方邦埃塔瓦区的农民德文德拉·辛格·乔汉（DevendraSingh Chauhan）报告称，与正常收成相比，小麦的产量下降了60%。国际气候行动网（International Climate Action Network）高级顾问哈吉特·辛格（Harjit Singh）表示，热浪将对印度及更远地区的人民产生“可怕”的短期和长期影响。印度的高温对小麦的影响尤为突出，目前小麦正处于关键的灌浆期，主产区集中在高温持续的中部和西北部地区。持续的干旱将影响小麦的生长，当地专家预测，印度小麦可能面临15-25%的平均减产。减产将导致一系列问题，如食品价格上涨和穷人挨饿。
First, in order to control the rise in food prices caused by inflation.
India is the world's second largest wheat producer. Affected by the war in Ukraine, countries began to buy grain from India. Previously, India was planning to increase its export volume to earn more profits by taking advantage of rising grain prices. According to Indian media reports, due to the international grain Prices rose sharply as Indian wheat exporters had contracted about 4 million tonnes of wheat in the previous two months, nearly 60% of total wheat exports last fiscal year. In the past few months, there have been economic problems in India, and domestic inflation has remained high. India's control of wheat exports is to supplement the domestic wheat crunch and ease the domestic economic environment, thereby reducing the price of grain.
Second, persistent high temperatures lead to low wheat yields.
According to CNBC, the heat has hit India's main wheat-growing regions particularly hard, with Devendra Singh Chauhan, a farmer from the Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh, reporting a 60 percent drop in wheat production compared to normal harvests. Harjit Singh, senior adviser to the International Climate Action Network, said the heatwave would have a "terrifying" short- and long-term impact on people in India and further afield. The impact of this high temperature in India on wheat is particularly prominent. Its wheat is in the critical grain filling period, and the main producing areas are concentrated in the central and northwestern regions where the high temperature continues.The continuous drought will affect the growth of wheat,local experts predict that Indian wheat may face an average cut of 15-25 %. The reduction in production will lead to a series of problems such as rising food prices and starvation of the poor.
我认为，印度突然宣布禁止小麦出口的原因如下：
首先，为了控制通货膨胀引起的食品价格上涨。
印度是世界第二大小麦生产国。受乌克兰战争的影响，各国开始从印度购买粮食。此前，印度正计划增加出口量，以利用粮食价格上涨赚取更多利润。据印度媒体报道，由于国际谷物价格大幅上涨，印度的小麦出口商在前两个月的小麦出口合同量约为 400 万吨，占上个财年小麦出口总量的近60%。过去几个月，印度出现了经济问题，国内通胀居高不下。印度控制小麦出口是为了补充国内小麦短缺，缓解国内经济环境，从而降低粮食价格。
其次，持续的高温导致小麦减产。
据CNBC报道，酷暑对印度主要的小麦种植区的影响尤为严重，北方邦埃塔瓦区的农民德文德拉·辛格·乔汉（DevendraSingh Chauhan）报告称，与正常收成相比，小麦的产量下降了60%。国际气候行动网（International Climate Action Network）高级顾问哈吉特·辛格（Harjit Singh）表示，热浪将对印度及更远地区的人民产生“可怕”的短期和长期影响。印度的高温对小麦的影响尤为突出，目前小麦正处于关键的灌浆期，主产区集中在高温持续的中部和西北部地区。持续的干旱将影响小麦的生长，当地专家预测，印度小麦可能面临15-25%的平均减产。减产将导致一系列问题，如食品价格上涨和穷人挨饿。
Third, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has led to a sharp rise in international food prices, threatening the food security of India and neighboring countries.
Russia and Ukraine are the world's main suppliers of wheat. In recent months, the wheat exports of the two countries have dropped sharply due to the impact of the war, and the global wheat reserves have plummeted, causing food shortages in India and neighboring countries. In the case of scarcity of wheat production, the sharp drop in imports has made India's grain industry even worse.
Finally, chemical fertilizer plays a key role in the growth of crops. India's agricultural fertilizer basically depends on imports, while Russia and Ukraine are the world's major fertilizer suppliers. In India, in order to ensure agricultural production, the government sells fertilizer lower than the import price to farmers through financial subsidies. After the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the international price of chemical fertilizer rose sharply, resulting in the Indian government having to increase spending. An Indian government official previously revealed that the relevant government subsidies " may increase to INR 2 trillion from INR 1.25 trillion last year" (about INR 77 per dollar). The Indian government has been in deficit before, and the cost of chemical fertilizer has added to the burden on the Indian government.
Under the influence of these reasons, the Indian government stopped wheat exports, similar to Indonesia's previous suspension of palm oil exports. It is a "self-protection" measure when world food prices fluctuate sharply.
第三，俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的冲突导致国际粮食价格急剧上涨，威胁到印度和邻国的粮食安全。
俄罗斯和乌克兰是世界小麦的主要供应国。近几个月来，受战争影响，两国小麦出口大幅下降，全球小麦储备也大幅下降，这导致了印度及周边国家出现粮食短缺。在小麦产量稀缺的情况下，进口的锐减让印度的粮食产业雪上加霜。
最后，化肥对农作物的生长起着关键作用。印度的农用肥料基本上依赖进口，而俄罗斯和乌克兰是世界上主要的肥料供应商。在印度，为了确保农业生产，政府通过财政补贴向农民出售低于进口价格的肥料。俄乌冲突爆发后，国际化肥价格大幅上涨，导致印度政府不得不增加支出。一位印度政府官员此前透露，相关政府补贴“可能从去年的1.25万亿卢比增加到2万亿卢比”（约77卢比/美元）。印度政府以前一直处于赤字状态，化肥的成本增加了印度政府的负担。
在这些原因的影响下，印度政府停止了小麦的出口，类似于印尼此前暂停棕榈油出口的情况。当世界粮食价格大幅波动时，这是一种“自我保护”措施。
Russia and Ukraine are the world's main suppliers of wheat. In recent months, the wheat exports of the two countries have dropped sharply due to the impact of the war, and the global wheat reserves have plummeted, causing food shortages in India and neighboring countries. In the case of scarcity of wheat production, the sharp drop in imports has made India's grain industry even worse.
Finally, chemical fertilizer plays a key role in the growth of crops. India's agricultural fertilizer basically depends on imports, while Russia and Ukraine are the world's major fertilizer suppliers. In India, in order to ensure agricultural production, the government sells fertilizer lower than the import price to farmers through financial subsidies. After the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the international price of chemical fertilizer rose sharply, resulting in the Indian government having to increase spending. An Indian government official previously revealed that the relevant government subsidies " may increase to INR 2 trillion from INR 1.25 trillion last year" (about INR 77 per dollar). The Indian government has been in deficit before, and the cost of chemical fertilizer has added to the burden on the Indian government.
Under the influence of these reasons, the Indian government stopped wheat exports, similar to Indonesia's previous suspension of palm oil exports. It is a "self-protection" measure when world food prices fluctuate sharply.
第三，俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的冲突导致国际粮食价格急剧上涨，威胁到印度和邻国的粮食安全。
俄罗斯和乌克兰是世界小麦的主要供应国。近几个月来，受战争影响，两国小麦出口大幅下降，全球小麦储备也大幅下降，这导致了印度及周边国家出现粮食短缺。在小麦产量稀缺的情况下，进口的锐减让印度的粮食产业雪上加霜。
最后，化肥对农作物的生长起着关键作用。印度的农用肥料基本上依赖进口，而俄罗斯和乌克兰是世界上主要的肥料供应商。在印度，为了确保农业生产，政府通过财政补贴向农民出售低于进口价格的肥料。俄乌冲突爆发后，国际化肥价格大幅上涨，导致印度政府不得不增加支出。一位印度政府官员此前透露，相关政府补贴“可能从去年的1.25万亿卢比增加到2万亿卢比”（约77卢比/美元）。印度政府以前一直处于赤字状态，化肥的成本增加了印度政府的负担。
在这些原因的影响下，印度政府停止了小麦的出口，类似于印尼此前暂停棕榈油出口的情况。当世界粮食价格大幅波动时，这是一种“自我保护”措施。
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