斯拉夫圈讨论:各位对“斯拉夫人”这个身份有多少认同感?斯拉夫文化日渐式微?
2022-07-03 yzy86 11631
正文翻译

My point is, I don't think there's such thing as a shared Slavic culture. That had died out all the way in the Middle Ages, after Christianization and the formation of different kingdoms and empires. Something I commonly hear from Balkan Slavs, for example, is that they relate much more to Greeks, Albanians and Romanians than to Russians or Poles.

(克罗地亚人)我想说的是,我认为共同的斯拉夫文化是不存在的。早在中世纪,在基督化和各种王国、帝国形成之后,这种文化就已经消亡了。比如说,有些话我经常听到巴尔干地区的斯拉夫人说,说他们对希腊人、阿尔巴尼亚人以及罗马尼亚人的认同感,远高于对俄罗斯人或波兰人的认同感。

评论翻译
buhawo
I dont see being a slav as much more than lingustics terminology
i do feel a connection to the russians and poles whenever i understand even just one word or one sentance
but apart from that i dont see them as „brothers”
at most i see them as distent cousins whos speech sounds a bit funny

(克罗地亚)在我看来,成为一个斯拉夫人的全部意义,也就仅限于语言学术语了。
每当我听懂了那门语言,哪怕只有一个词、一句话,我就会感觉到自己和俄罗斯人、波兰人之间确实存在勾连。
但除此之外,我不会把他们看成“兄弟”
我顶多会把他们看成是说话口音来有点搞笑的远方表兄弟。

_marcoos
"Slavic identity", pan-Slavism etc. was a useful tool in fights faught by Western and Southern Slavic-speaking populations against their imperial Austrian and later Austrian-Hungarian overlords in the 19th century. In the 20th, it was appropriated by Russian imperialists (both of the reactionary and communist kind) and turned into a way of oppression (e.g. the "Brotherly Help" given to Czechoslovakia in 1968).

(波)在十九世纪,“斯拉夫身份认同”、泛斯拉夫主义等等,是西南地区讲斯拉夫语言的族群和奥地利帝国和后来奥匈帝国的各大领主进行斗争时的一个很有用的工具。二十世纪时,它被俄罗斯的帝国主义者(包括保守分子和成了共产党的)占用,然后就变成了一种压迫手段(例如,1968年给予捷克斯洛伐克的“兄弟般的帮助”)。

These days it's done and gone.

而如今,这种身份认同已经终结、消失了。

Culturally, Poland has similarities to Ukraine, Slovakia and Czechia, but also to Lithuania and Germany, two non-Slavic countries. We were also influenced by other people living or having lived among us, from the Tatars to the Armenians to the Jews. And we have this weird relationship with Hungary that no other Slavic state shares.

在文化上,波兰和乌克兰、斯洛伐克、捷克有相似之处,但也和立陶宛、德国这两个非斯拉夫国家有相似之处。我们也受到了生活在或曾经生活在我们中间的其他民族的影响,从鞑靼人到亚美尼亚人、犹太人。而且我们和匈牙利的关系很是古怪,其他任何斯拉夫国家都不存在这种情况。

So, what is "Slavic", common to all "Slavs"? The language, mostly, and some Christian-appropriated pagan rituals and a few superstitions.

那么,所有“斯拉夫人”共有的“斯拉夫”元素是什么呢?主要是语言,还有一些被基督教占用的异教仪式,以及一些迷信。

So, what is "Slavic", common to all "Slavs"?
Those decorative glasses that your grandparents keep inside their living room cabinets and never use them.

(回,斯洛伐克)那么,所有“斯拉夫人”共有的“斯拉夫”元素是什么呢?
是你们的爷爷奶奶一直放在客厅橱柜里却永远不拿出来用的装饰用杯子。

Prebral
I myself do consider myself European and Czech, acknowledge my genetic and cultural heritage, which is partly Slavic, but should my kids decide to move to another country or accept different cultural identity, I would not consider it a problem as long as they would live a happy life. I like my country of birth and would miss it myself, I like its language, less known cultural quirks etc., but these are more a part of my "local" than "nationa/political" identity. And I refuse the nationalistic idea that being born in a country or ethnic group determines what you should think.

(捷克)我确实自认为是欧洲人和捷克人,但也承认我的基因和文化传统,其中有一部分是斯拉夫的,但如果我的孩子决定搬到另一个国家或是接受不同的文化身份,那只要他们能过上幸福的生活,我也不觉得这有什么大不了。我喜欢我的出生国,我自己也是会怀念的,我也喜欢她的语言,以及她那些不为人知的文化怪癖等等,但这些更多是我"当地人”身份认同的一部分,并不属于“民族/政治”身份认同。这种“出生在一个国家或生来就属于某个民族群体就决定了你该怎么想”的民族主义思想,我是拒绝接受的。

AivoduS
For me it means absolutely nothing. It's just a language group, nothing more.
The idea of panslavism was never popular in Poland, mostly because it was, and still is, strongly associated with Russian domination. Every time when I see in Poland someone who brags about Slavic identity, almost always they are a Russian paid shill. Also Poland historically had much better relations with non-Slavic countries, like Lithuania or Hungary.

(波)对我来说,斯拉夫没有任何意义。只是一个语族,仅此而已。
波兰从来没有流行过泛斯拉夫主义思潮,主要是因为它在过去和现在都和俄罗斯的统治有着千丝万缕的关系。每次我在波兰看到有人吹嘘斯拉夫人的身份,几乎都是俄罗斯人花钱雇的托儿。而且,在历史上,波兰与非斯拉夫国家(比如立陶宛或匈牙利)的关系远好于斯拉夫国家。

My ''favourite'' argument is that "Cyryllic is made for slavic languages" as if there wasn't an attempt to make Polish like that by the Tsar in XIX century and it ended up with a bunch of made up things lol

(回,波)我最“爱”的论点是:“西里尔字母是为斯拉夫语言而创造的”,说的好像沙皇在十九世纪没有试图把波兰语篡改成那样似的,结果呢,只留下一大堆编造出来的东西呵呵

It was the same with Lithuanian. Writing Lithuanian using Latin characters was forbidden from the last uprising (1865) to 1904. All it did was spawn a massive book smuggling movement and an increase in Lithuanian nationalism

(回,立陶宛)立陶宛语也是这种情况。从最后一次起义(1865年)一直到1904年,用拉丁字母书写立陶宛语是被禁止的。而这条禁令除了催生了一场大规模的图书走私运动,以及促进了立陶宛民族主义的壮大,并没有带来什么效果。

DeepSkyAbyss
To me, being Slavic means having a similar language with other Slavic nations and also some cultural things - like the Slavic mythology (which is not big anymore anyway), similar names, some old traditions (Christmas, Easter, St. John's night etc.) and a few foods. But those are all old things, we don't have lot of modern things in common just because we are Slavic.

(斯洛伐克)对我来说,成为斯拉夫人就意味着和其他斯拉夫民族有着近似的语言,还有一些文化元素,比如斯拉夫神话(反正已经不像从前那么火了),相似的人名,一些古老的传统(圣诞节、复活节、圣约翰前夜等)和一些食物。但这些都是很古老的事物,在现代事物方面,没有因为我们同是斯拉夫人而出现太多共同点。
(译注:圣约翰前夜从6月23日日落开始庆祝,在北半球也被称为仲夏节)

I would prefer to say that my identity is more centroeuropean than Slavic. We share much more things with Czechs, Hungarians, Austrians and even Germans than with Russians or South Slavic nations.

我更愿意把我的身份认同说成是:中欧人的部分压倒了斯拉夫人。我们和捷克人、匈牙利人、奥地利人甚至德国人的共同点,都远多于和俄罗斯人或南斯拉夫诸族的共同点。

Panceltic
For me, it’s about language only. It is great that being a speaker of one Slavic language, it is really quite easy to learn others. I myself have profited greatly from this and it feels cool to be ‘Slavic’ in this way. But otherwise, I don’t feel any connection to a cultural Slavicness or whatever, and I’m pretty sure it doesn’t really exist.

(斯洛文尼亚)对我来说,斯拉夫只关乎语言。作为斯拉夫语言的使用者还是很棒的,因为学习其他语言真的很容易。我自己也因此受益匪浅,以这种方式成为“斯拉夫人”感觉很酷。但除此之外,我感觉不到和文化意义上的斯拉夫(或其他什么)有什么联系,而且我很确定这玩意儿并不是真的存在。

Leopardo96
I, as a Pole, think of myself as Polish and European, but barely Slavic. I mean, I speak a Slavic language, but the first thing that comes to my mind in this case is that I speak specifically Polish, not "one of Slavic languages". And I can't think of any elements of Slavic culture that there might be in my life. Plus, to be honest, I'm more into Romance culture.

(波)作为一个波兰人,我认为自己是波兰人和欧洲人,但要说是斯拉夫人就比较勉强了。我的意思是,虽然我说的是斯拉夫语言,但我首先想到的是,我说的语言非常明确,就是波兰语,而不是“斯拉夫语言的一种”。而且我生活中可能存在的斯拉夫文化元素我是一个都想不到。而且,说实话,我更钟爱罗曼语文化。

Panslavism is just a nice word for Russian Imperialism.

(回,波)泛斯拉夫主义指的就是俄罗斯帝国主义,听上去比较顺耳罢了。

AkruX
What's weird to me is that the Polish lands originally populated by Germans are socially more progressive, while our lands originally populated by Germans are socially more conservative.

(捷克)我觉得有一点很奇怪,最初被德国人殖民的波兰土地在社会层面是更加进步的,而最初被德国人殖民的我国土地在社会层面则更加保守。

GrimPloughman
But:
Every Slavic languages are similar. It is possible for a Polish, Czech and Slovakian person to understand each other to some degree without learning the language.

(波)但是:
每种斯拉夫语言都是相似的。波兰人、捷克人和斯洛伐克人在没有学习对方语言的情况下,在一定程度上也是有可能听懂对方说的话的。

原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Slavs from different countries are culturally similar to each other. I worked with Russian and Ukrainian people in a Polish McDonald and they were just Poles that speak different language or with accent. Ok, maybe one manager who was Russian was kinda asshole and sometimes gave me similar vibes like Putin when he humiliates his subordinates. So I think that Russians are just like Poles but more mean.

来自不同国家的斯拉夫人在文化上是相似的。我曾在波兰的一家麦当劳里和俄罗斯人、乌克兰人共事,他们只是讲着不同语言或是带点口音的波兰人而已。好吧,也许那个俄罗斯经理有点混蛋,他有时会带给我类似普京羞辱下属的感觉。所以我认为俄罗斯人只是更恶毒的波兰人而已。

Obamsphere
Slavs don't really have a lot in common anymore, except language. Imo the concept of the "Slavic brotherhood" died in the 20th century, the collapse of Yugoslavia being the last nail in the coffin. Personally I feel closer to a Romanian than, say, a pole or a czech. That said, I think the ability to go to another country and be understood relatively easily while speaking my own language feels amazing.

(保加利亚)斯拉夫人除了语言以外,其实已经没有多少共同点了。在我看来,“斯拉夫兄弟情”的概念在二十世纪时就已经消亡了,南斯拉夫的解体给这口棺材钉上了最后一颗钉子。就我个人而言,和波兰人或捷克人相比,我感觉自己更亲近罗马尼亚人。话虽如此,我认为,去到另一个国家时,讲着自己的语言别人却能相对容易地听懂我的意思,这种感觉特别好。

[dexed]
The habbit of associating "the Slavnes" to the visuals of East Slavs is probably remaining pan-slavism stereotype. You most likely know it too, ya'll were with us inside that bizzare political entity called Austro-Hungarian empire. People usually like to see just only the aesthetical or cultural part, but when we look at facts and history, suddenly the picture of "the unified Slavic culture" get shattered.

这种把“斯拉夫人”和东斯拉夫人的形象联系在一起的习惯,可能是泛斯拉夫主义刻板印象的一种残留。楼主多半也是清楚这一点的,过去你和我们都在那个被称为奥匈帝国的古怪政治实体内。世人通常只喜欢着眼于美学或文化的部分,可是当我们着眼于事实和历史时,“统一的斯拉夫文化”这幅图景突然之间就粉碎了。

As you said, typical Slav according to the cultural stereotype should be Orthodox, should use Cyrillic scxt and wear only high flower crowns and should be blonde. The reality?
Bosniaks are Muslims, Czechs successfully damned religion, Slovaks and Poles are catholic yet both of them have a different approach to religion in general, Sorbs are protestants ect.

正如你所说,根据文化方面的刻板观念,典型的斯拉夫人就应该是东正教徒,就应该使用西里尔字母,只戴高高的花冠,也应该是金发碧眼的。而现实又如何呢?
波斯尼亚人是穆斯林,捷克人成功地摒弃了宗教,斯洛伐克人和波兰人是天主教徒,但这两国的人整体而言对宗教的态度都不同于其他国家,索布人是新教徒,等等。

原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处




(译注:欧洲诸国的无神论者比例,以捷克为最高(超过70%);图为索布人,为人口极少的西斯拉夫人,主要分布在德国的萨克森与勃兰登堡两州境内)

So my conclusions - it's dope to be able to see strong connection between languages, yet it's more beautiful when you see the variety between each ethnic group.

所以我的结论是:能看到语言之间的密切联系还是很棒的,但是当你看到每个族群之间的多样性时,感觉会更加美好。

AkruX
Historically for Czechs, the Slavic identity helped us to differentiate ourselves from Germans and establish an independent nation after the collapse of Austria-Hungary.

(捷)在捷克人的历史视角中,斯拉夫人的身份认同曾帮助我们把自己和德国人区分开来,并在奥匈帝国崩溃后建立起一个独立的国家。

For me personally? Nothing. Other Slavic languages are similar to ours, same with some obscure traditions and holidays people in rural areas celebrate, but that's about it. Our cuisine is closer to Austrian or even Hungarian, than to Polish or Ukrainian, similar is the case with architecture or our mindset.
I struggle to find anything significant we have in common with a majority of other Slavic nations, excluding language and our tragic recent history under the Soviet overlords.

至于我个人?那就没什么认同感了。其他斯拉夫语言和我们的语言很相似,农村地区的人庆祝的一些鲜为人知的传统和节日也是如此,但也仅此而已了。我们的菜肴更接近奥地利菜甚至匈牙利菜,而不是波兰菜或乌克兰菜,而建筑风格或是我们的思维方式也是如此。
除了语言和我们近代在苏联主子统治下的悲惨历史,我很难找到我们和其他大部分斯拉夫民族之间的重大共同点。

原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Tramagust
Romanians are pretty chill but we definitely don't see any orthodox brotherhood or anything like that. Even culturally we're closer to other latin countries like Italy and Spain than we are to slavs. That's not to say we don't love our Bulgarian, Serbian and Ukrainian neighbors but we're definitely different in style from them. We're loud and pretty obnoxious.

(罗马尼亚)我们罗马尼亚人是相当冷漠的,在我们这里绝对不存在东正教手足情之类的东西。就算是文化方面,相比于斯拉夫人,我们也更亲近意大利、西班牙之类的拉丁国家。倒不是说我们不爱我们的保加利亚、塞尔维亚和乌克兰邻居,但我们在风格上绝对是不同于他们的。我们喜欢大声嚷嚷,也特别讨人厌。

left2die
There is no common Slavic culture, it went extinct when Slavs got cristianized. Slavic identity is all about language these days.

(斯洛文尼亚)不存在共同的斯拉夫文化,在斯拉夫人被基督化以后,这种文化就灭绝了。如今,斯拉夫人的身份认同就仅限于语言了。

For Slovenes, that Slavic identity was and still is very important. We were a part of Austria and our culture was Austrian. The only thing that set us apart from German speaking Austrians, was our Slavic language. Therefore, Slovenian language sits at the core of Slovenian identity.

对于斯洛文尼亚人来说,斯拉夫身份认同在过去和现在都是非常重要的。我们曾是奥地利的一部分,我们的文化也是奥地利文化。唯一让我们区别于讲德语的奥地利人的,就是我们的斯拉夫语言。因此,斯洛文尼亚语是斯洛文尼亚人身份认同的核心。

Russians love to lix Slavic identity with their own culture, but we should know how to look past their bullshit by now.

俄罗斯人喜欢把斯拉夫身份认同和他们自己的文化联系在一起,但现在的我们,应该明白该如何无视他们那些鬼话了。

zdrozda
I love the idea of being "Slavic" and I love to read about pagan Slavs, but the truth is... Slavic traditions are pretty much dead in Poland. Everything got christianized or westernized to the point it doesn't feel slavic anymore, it's simply "Polish" or "European".

(波)我很喜欢成为“斯拉夫人”这个想法,也喜欢阅读关于信异教的斯拉夫人的内容,但事实是...斯拉夫人的传统在波兰差不多已经死了。一切都被基督化或是西化了,都到了这样的程度,波兰人已经不再有斯拉夫人的感觉了,仅仅只是“波兰人”或“欧洲人”。

19BlackHeart99
After Reading all these answers i gotta ask: isn't it sad we don't have much in common now except similar languages and being Slavic?
If not we should at least work on being closer to each other and experience our new cultures. We're still Slavic Even tho we're not so similar anymore

(塞尔维亚)看完这些答案后,我不得不问:除了语言相似以及同属斯拉夫民族外,现在的我们已经没有多少共同点了,这难道不可悲吗?
我们至少应该努力亲近彼此,并去体验我们的新文化。我们仍然是斯拉夫民族,尽管我们不再那么相像了。

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