德国今天仍处于分裂状态的原因（上篇）
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Tobias Unknown
The East German farms are bigger because they were collectivized under Soviet rule and then privatized as a whole after reunification.
Btw, the unemployment situation has improved a lot, but differences are still there although they shrank a lot over the last decade.
东德的农场比较大，因为它们在苏联统治下是集体化的，然后在统一后被整体私有化。
顺便说一下，失业情况已经改善了很多，但两德差异仍然存在，尽管在过去十年中缩小了很多。
The East German farms are bigger because they were collectivized under Soviet rule and then privatized as a whole after reunification.
Btw, the unemployment situation has improved a lot, but differences are still there although they shrank a lot over the last decade.
东德的农场比较大，因为它们在苏联统治下是集体化的，然后在统一后被整体私有化。
顺便说一下，失业情况已经改善了很多，但两德差异仍然存在，尽管在过去十年中缩小了很多。
nishijuru kun
Economically has definitly become better over the years particually in Thüringen
这些年来，经济状况确实有所改善，特别是在图林根州。
Economically has definitly become better over the years particually in Thüringen
这些年来，经济状况确实有所改善，特别是在图林根州。
Born To Climb
@nishijuru kun
yes
你说的对
@nishijuru kun
yes
你说的对
Andrea Voigtländer
so they are way better
所以，他们（东德）的政策更好
so they are way better
所以，他们（东德）的政策更好
capitalistdingo
It's good that things are improving in the east. There are always differences in regions within countries but it takes a lot to heal from the effects of Soviet rule (Russia may take generations to get over the trauma and currently isn't going in the right direction).
东部的情况正在改善，这是好事。国家内部各地区总是有差异的，但要从苏联统治的影响中恢复过来需要很多东西（俄罗斯可能需要几代人的时间来克服创伤，目前还没有向正确的方向发展）。
It's good that things are improving in the east. There are always differences in regions within countries but it takes a lot to heal from the effects of Soviet rule (Russia may take generations to get over the trauma and currently isn't going in the right direction).
东部的情况正在改善，这是好事。国家内部各地区总是有差异的，但要从苏联统治的影响中恢复过来需要很多东西（俄罗斯可能需要几代人的时间来克服创伤，目前还没有向正确的方向发展）。
Tobias Unknown
@Andrea Voigtländer
yes, in the early years after reunification it was the only economic sector that was more competitive than its west German counterpart.
是的，在统一后的最初几年，它是唯一比西德同行更具竞争力的经济部门。
@Andrea Voigtländer
yes, in the early years after reunification it was the only economic sector that was more competitive than its west German counterpart.
是的，在统一后的最初几年，它是唯一比西德同行更具竞争力的经济部门。
lettuceatter _
@Andrea Voigtländer
except not
除了这个，其它都不行
@Andrea Voigtländer
except not
除了这个，其它都不行
Ciaran Harrington
I'm working just south of Berlin and I noticed the farms are few but large. Who were the people that got the land after the fall of communism though, can't quite work out who got the valuable assets and why
我在柏林南部工作，我注意到农场虽少但很大。谁在共产主义垮台后得到了土地，不太清楚谁得到了那些宝贵的资产，为什么？
I'm working just south of Berlin and I noticed the farms are few but large. Who were the people that got the land after the fall of communism though, can't quite work out who got the valuable assets and why
我在柏林南部工作，我注意到农场虽少但很大。谁在共产主义垮台后得到了土地，不太清楚谁得到了那些宝贵的资产，为什么？
A V
@Ciaran Harrington
I couldn't find valid resources, but as far as I remember many of the former bosses of the LPGs (the 'agrarian collectives'?), who were important party members during the time of the DDR, managed to grab a big part of the land and machinery in the months and years after the reunification.
我找不到有效的资源，但在我的记忆中，许多LPG（'集体农场'？）的前老板，在DDR（民主德国，即东德）时期是重要的党员，在统一后的几个月和几年里，设法抢占了很大一部分的土地和机械。
@Ciaran Harrington
I couldn't find valid resources, but as far as I remember many of the former bosses of the LPGs (the 'agrarian collectives'?), who were important party members during the time of the DDR, managed to grab a big part of the land and machinery in the months and years after the reunification.
我找不到有效的资源，但在我的记忆中，许多LPG（'集体农场'？）的前老板，在DDR（民主德国，即东德）时期是重要的党员，在统一后的几个月和几年里，设法抢占了很大一部分的土地和机械。
Michael Weskamp
@A V
Of course they had to take credits from the banks but they knew the guys already and had the knowledge how to manage this kind of big agrarian companies. A bargain for most. Also the guys who took over the machine parks, mostly the former head of it made some good business.
当然，他们必须从银行获得信贷，但他们已经认识了这些人，并掌握了如何管理这种大型农业公司的知识。这对大多数人来说都很划算。那些接管机器园的人，大多是前厂长，生意做得不错。
@A V
Of course they had to take credits from the banks but they knew the guys already and had the knowledge how to manage this kind of big agrarian companies. A bargain for most. Also the guys who took over the machine parks, mostly the former head of it made some good business.
当然，他们必须从银行获得信贷，但他们已经认识了这些人，并掌握了如何管理这种大型农业公司的知识。这对大多数人来说都很划算。那些接管机器园的人，大多是前厂长，生意做得不错。
Skank Hunt44
@Ciaran Harrington
often enough the people who owned the land before the ddr existed so often it where nobels or Großbauern who got their old propert back wich was stolen from them by the ddr goverment
在民主德国存在之前，拥有土地的人往往是贵族或大商人，他们拿回了被民主德国政府偷走的旧财产。
@Ciaran Harrington
often enough the people who owned the land before the ddr existed so often it where nobels or Großbauern who got their old propert back wich was stolen from them by the ddr goverment
在民主德国存在之前，拥有土地的人往往是贵族或大商人，他们拿回了被民主德国政府偷走的旧财产。
Spaghettoo schifo
It would be maybe also interesting to see the difference between North and South Italy, since there the difference is even bigger then in Germany even tho the south is already a part of Italy for many many years
看看意大利北部和南部的差异也许也很有趣，因为那里的差异比德国还要大，尽管南部已经是意大利的一部分很多很多年了。
It would be maybe also interesting to see the difference between North and South Italy, since there the difference is even bigger then in Germany even tho the south is already a part of Italy for many many years
看看意大利北部和南部的差异也许也很有趣，因为那里的差异比德国还要大，尽管南部已经是意大利的一部分很多很多年了。
TrainsReloaded
Aside from street lights Berlin also has very visible infrastructure differences - For example, while tram lines were still operating in East-Berlin, it's Western counterpart decommisioned and dismantled all tram lines in the West in order to have a more car-centric city. This is nowadays a problem for city planners, since for a more extensive public transport new lines have to be built in the Western part of the city from scratch again, while in the Eastern part the systems are still up and running.
除了路灯之外，柏林还有非常明显的基础设施差异，例如，当有轨电车线路在东柏林仍在运行时，它的西部同行为了建立一个更加以汽车为中心的城市，将西部所有的有轨电车线路都退役并拆除了。如今，这对城市规划者来说是个问题，因为为了更广泛的公共交通，必须在城市的西部重新建造新的线路，而在东部地区，这些系统仍在运行。
Aside from street lights Berlin also has very visible infrastructure differences - For example, while tram lines were still operating in East-Berlin, it's Western counterpart decommisioned and dismantled all tram lines in the West in order to have a more car-centric city. This is nowadays a problem for city planners, since for a more extensive public transport new lines have to be built in the Western part of the city from scratch again, while in the Eastern part the systems are still up and running.
除了路灯之外，柏林还有非常明显的基础设施差异，例如，当有轨电车线路在东柏林仍在运行时，它的西部同行为了建立一个更加以汽车为中心的城市，将西部所有的有轨电车线路都退役并拆除了。如今，这对城市规划者来说是个问题，因为为了更广泛的公共交通，必须在城市的西部重新建造新的线路，而在东部地区，这些系统仍在运行。
Micha
Just one little correction: you can't say east Germans were not allowed to leave the country. That's not correct. It was just difficult to go to western countries. But 1. It was not impossible, just difficult depending on the situation and 2. Travelling to the east European states was very common. You could also visit other communist countries like Vietnam if you had the money.
有一个小小的更正：你不能说东德人不被允许离开该国。这是不正确的。他们只是去西方国家很困难。
但是，1. 这不是不可能的，只是当时情况下很困难；2. 到东欧国家旅行是非常普遍的。如果你有钱，你也可以去其他共产主义国家，如越南。
Just one little correction: you can't say east Germans were not allowed to leave the country. That's not correct. It was just difficult to go to western countries. But 1. It was not impossible, just difficult depending on the situation and 2. Travelling to the east European states was very common. You could also visit other communist countries like Vietnam if you had the money.
有一个小小的更正：你不能说东德人不被允许离开该国。这是不正确的。他们只是去西方国家很困难。
但是，1. 这不是不可能的，只是当时情况下很困难；2. 到东欧国家旅行是非常普遍的。如果你有钱，你也可以去其他共产主义国家，如越南。
120 Geräte gefunden
A very good topic. What many people don't know is that only the Soviet-occupied part of Germany had to pay reparations to the USSR. Huge amounts of factories, railway tracks, agricultural machinery and other things were dismantled and taken to the USSR.
一个非常好的话题。很多人不知道的是，只有被苏联占领的德国部分必须向苏联支付赔款。大量的工厂、铁轨、农业机械和其他东西被拆除，并运往苏联。
A very good topic. What many people don't know is that only the Soviet-occupied part of Germany had to pay reparations to the USSR. Huge amounts of factories, railway tracks, agricultural machinery and other things were dismantled and taken to the USSR.
一个非常好的话题。很多人不知道的是，只有被苏联占领的德国部分必须向苏联支付赔款。大量的工厂、铁轨、农业机械和其他东西被拆除，并运往苏联。
Klecker Klotz
Let me say something to some points, which are not as accurate as they should be:
1:00 "Seperate areas of occupation were established depending on where each side had invaded." That's only partly true. A large chunk of East Germany was invaded by American and British soldiers. The western allies had fought their way to the western shores of the river Elbe. That means whole Thuringia, half of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt was occupied by western allies. But they traded that chunk of land away for a tiny part of Berlin. This was agreed in 1945 during the Yalta conference.
4:36 Demographics. Here you get to a key point, why the East is different from the West. 2 Million mostly young people left East Germany for a better life in the West in the years between 1990 and 2010. That was a brain drain, which cripples the East in so many ways. And almost every other map you show is influenced and distorted by exactly that brain drain.
关于某些结论，我想说几句，因为那些观点说的并不准确。
1:00 "根据每一方打下的地方，建立了不同的占领区。" 这只是部分事实。东德的一大块土地都是由美国和英国士兵打下来的。西方盟军一路打到易北河西岸。这意味着整个图林根州、一半的萨克森州和萨克森-安哈尔特州都被西方盟军占领了。但他们用这一大块土地换取了柏林的一小部分。这是在1945年雅尔塔会议期间达成的协议。
4:36 人口统计学。在这里，你可以看到一个关键点，为什么东部与西部不同。1990年至2010年期间，有200万年轻人离开东德，到西方过上了更好的生活。这是一种人才流失，在许多方面削弱了东部。而你展示的几乎所有其他地图全都是受到了这种人才流失的影响和扭曲。
Let me say something to some points, which are not as accurate as they should be:
1:00 "Seperate areas of occupation were established depending on where each side had invaded." That's only partly true. A large chunk of East Germany was invaded by American and British soldiers. The western allies had fought their way to the western shores of the river Elbe. That means whole Thuringia, half of Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt was occupied by western allies. But they traded that chunk of land away for a tiny part of Berlin. This was agreed in 1945 during the Yalta conference.
4:36 Demographics. Here you get to a key point, why the East is different from the West. 2 Million mostly young people left East Germany for a better life in the West in the years between 1990 and 2010. That was a brain drain, which cripples the East in so many ways. And almost every other map you show is influenced and distorted by exactly that brain drain.
关于某些结论，我想说几句，因为那些观点说的并不准确。
1:00 "根据每一方打下的地方，建立了不同的占领区。" 这只是部分事实。东德的一大块土地都是由美国和英国士兵打下来的。西方盟军一路打到易北河西岸。这意味着整个图林根州、一半的萨克森州和萨克森-安哈尔特州都被西方盟军占领了。但他们用这一大块土地换取了柏林的一小部分。这是在1945年雅尔塔会议期间达成的协议。
4:36 人口统计学。在这里，你可以看到一个关键点，为什么东部与西部不同。1990年至2010年期间，有200万年轻人离开东德，到西方过上了更好的生活。这是一种人才流失，在许多方面削弱了东部。而你展示的几乎所有其他地图全都是受到了这种人才流失的影响和扭曲。
5:45 Trash and simple interpretation: more money means more consume means more trash. That's very likely the best explanation.
5:49 "But that could also be something cultural. Although it's odd, since the evironmental concern is higher in the West" I don't think so. Both can't be the case. The evironmental concerns are pretty much evenly distributed among Germans. I wonder where you get that from? Votes? (EDIT: Oh yes, you do. LOL) If it was from votes, let me tell you, that one of the main driving forces for the reunification was an enviromentalist movement in the GDR. And most of these people still live in the East. But the higher concern today is wealth distribution, that's why they do not vote for the green party. In the eyes of most (fortunately not all) West Germans every East German is some kind of right wing racist idiot, who doesn't care about anything. That bullshit is pushed by mass media. And I absolutely do not like this trend.
6:00 "Perhaps more people live of their land." Bad guess. Private land ownership is very low in East Germany. Land is mainly owned by big companies nowadays. And that's due to the fact, that the socialist state owned most of the land before and that land was sold out by the "Treuhand" after the reunification. Google "Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft" or short "LPG". Private land owners were force to join the LPG by the communists after WW2. And that's why the size of farms is bigger in East Germany (4:25). And that's why private land ownership is way higher on average in West Germany.
If all your information is from maps, you will miss important facts. And all your conclusions are very distorted, simply you do not get the main point, why the East and the West is different: That brain drain that crippled the East.
5:45 垃圾和简单解释：更多的钱意味着更多的消费，意味着更多的垃圾。这很可能是最好的解释。
5:49 "但这也可能是属于文化。虽然这很奇怪，因为西部对环境的关注度更高。"我不这么认为。全都不是。德国人对环境的关注基本都一样。我想知道，你是从哪儿得到这个结论的？投票吗？(编辑：哦，是的，你有。大笑)如果是来自选票，那我告诉你，统一的主要推动力之一，是民主德国的环保主义运动。而这些人中的大多数仍然生活在东部。但今天更关心的是财富分配，这就是为什么他们不投票给绿党。在大多数（幸好不是全部）西德人眼中，每个东德人都是某种右翼种族主义的白痴，对任何事情都不关心。这些谣言都是由大众媒体推动的。而我绝对不喜欢这种趋势。
6:00 "也许更多的人生活在他们自己的土地上"。猜得不对。在东德，私人土地很少。现在的土地主要是由大公司拥有。这是因为以前社会主义的国家拥有大部分的土地，统一后土地被 "Treuhand（第三方托管） "卖掉了。谷歌 "Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft（农业生产合作社） "或简称 "LPG"。私人土地的所有者，在二战后被共产党人强迫加入LPG。这就是为什么东德的农场规模更大（4：25）。这就是为什么私人土地所有权在西德的平均水平要高得多。
如果你所有的信息都是来自地图，那你就会错过重要的事实。你的结论都是极其扭曲的，你根本就没有说到关键点上，为什么东德和西德不同：那就是造成东德萧条的人才流失。
5:49 "But that could also be something cultural. Although it's odd, since the evironmental concern is higher in the West" I don't think so. Both can't be the case. The evironmental concerns are pretty much evenly distributed among Germans. I wonder where you get that from? Votes? (EDIT: Oh yes, you do. LOL) If it was from votes, let me tell you, that one of the main driving forces for the reunification was an enviromentalist movement in the GDR. And most of these people still live in the East. But the higher concern today is wealth distribution, that's why they do not vote for the green party. In the eyes of most (fortunately not all) West Germans every East German is some kind of right wing racist idiot, who doesn't care about anything. That bullshit is pushed by mass media. And I absolutely do not like this trend.
6:00 "Perhaps more people live of their land." Bad guess. Private land ownership is very low in East Germany. Land is mainly owned by big companies nowadays. And that's due to the fact, that the socialist state owned most of the land before and that land was sold out by the "Treuhand" after the reunification. Google "Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft" or short "LPG". Private land owners were force to join the LPG by the communists after WW2. And that's why the size of farms is bigger in East Germany (4:25). And that's why private land ownership is way higher on average in West Germany.
If all your information is from maps, you will miss important facts. And all your conclusions are very distorted, simply you do not get the main point, why the East and the West is different: That brain drain that crippled the East.
5:45 垃圾和简单解释：更多的钱意味着更多的消费，意味着更多的垃圾。这很可能是最好的解释。
5:49 "但这也可能是属于文化。虽然这很奇怪，因为西部对环境的关注度更高。"我不这么认为。全都不是。德国人对环境的关注基本都一样。我想知道，你是从哪儿得到这个结论的？投票吗？(编辑：哦，是的，你有。大笑)如果是来自选票，那我告诉你，统一的主要推动力之一，是民主德国的环保主义运动。而这些人中的大多数仍然生活在东部。但今天更关心的是财富分配，这就是为什么他们不投票给绿党。在大多数（幸好不是全部）西德人眼中，每个东德人都是某种右翼种族主义的白痴，对任何事情都不关心。这些谣言都是由大众媒体推动的。而我绝对不喜欢这种趋势。
6:00 "也许更多的人生活在他们自己的土地上"。猜得不对。在东德，私人土地很少。现在的土地主要是由大公司拥有。这是因为以前社会主义的国家拥有大部分的土地，统一后土地被 "Treuhand（第三方托管） "卖掉了。谷歌 "Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaft（农业生产合作社） "或简称 "LPG"。私人土地的所有者，在二战后被共产党人强迫加入LPG。这就是为什么东德的农场规模更大（4：25）。这就是为什么私人土地所有权在西德的平均水平要高得多。
如果你所有的信息都是来自地图，那你就会错过重要的事实。你的结论都是极其扭曲的，你根本就没有说到关键点上，为什么东德和西德不同：那就是造成东德萧条的人才流失。
Hendricus56
4:25 Actually, that was because many small farms were put together under 1 control in the early years, for which LPGs, Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaften (Agricultural Production Cooperative) were created to manage them. But yes, there is a tendency of people growing some stuff themselves here, which isn't nearly as present in the west
4:25 实际上，那是因为早年许多小农场被集中在了一起，由1人控制，为此成立了LPG，即Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaften（农业生产合作社）来管理它们。但是，这里有一种人们自己种植一些东西的趋势，这在西德几乎是不存在的。
4:25 Actually, that was because many small farms were put together under 1 control in the early years, for which LPGs, Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaften (Agricultural Production Cooperative) were created to manage them. But yes, there is a tendency of people growing some stuff themselves here, which isn't nearly as present in the west
4:25 实际上，那是因为早年许多小农场被集中在了一起，由1人控制，为此成立了LPG，即Landwirtschaftliche Produktionsgenossenschaften（农业生产合作社）来管理它们。但是，这里有一种人们自己种植一些东西的趋势，这在西德几乎是不存在的。
nuster
Actually the east of Germany is pretty nice if you have a good Job.
The Houses are not only Cheaper, they are also bigger, its not that dense, the Countryside is beautyfull.
The East of Germany is a very nice Region
事实上，如果你有一份好的工作，德国东部还是相当不错的。
房子不仅便宜，而且更大，密度不高，农村也很美。
德国东部是一个非常好的地方。
Actually the east of Germany is pretty nice if you have a good Job.
The Houses are not only Cheaper, they are also bigger, its not that dense, the Countryside is beautyfull.
The East of Germany is a very nice Region
事实上，如果你有一份好的工作，德国东部还是相当不错的。
房子不仅便宜，而且更大，密度不高，农村也很美。
德国东部是一个非常好的地方。
Sebastian Koch
This is my first comment on youtube, but I really felt like I have to say this.If you make videos like this, you should really team up with people from both sides you are talking about. As an eastern German I can say that the facts you were talking about were right, but your conclusions about the reasons were terribly wrong. Most of these things could have been explained easily to you by someone who knows about the culture and history of the country.
For example are not many people working in eastern germany in agriculture and most of the farm land is not owned by private farmers. During GDR times farmers were expropriated by the state and the farmers were forced to go into agricultural production communities. These communities often still exist as private companies. So only a low amount of people is owning all the farm land.
Another Example is the relation of tents to campers. It was way more common in the gdr to go camping and it was allowed to camp in other countries of the eastern block. So saysing the eastern germans were not allowed to leave the country is wrong. But it was very difficult to get a camper, since they were expansive and you had to wait more than a decade for them so there are not many old campers in the eastern part and nowadays most people can't afford.
这是我第一次在油管上发表评论，但我真的觉得我必须要说些什么。如果你制作这样的视频，你真的应该和你所谈论的双方的人一起合作。作为一个东德人，我可以说，你说的事实是对的，但你对原因的说法却大错特错。这些事情大部分都可以由了解该国文化和历史的人轻松地解释给你听。
例如，在德国东部从事农业的人不多，大部分农田也不是由私人农民所拥有。在东德时期，农民被国家征用，农民被迫进入农业生产合作社。这些社区往往仍以私人公司的形式存在。因此，只有少量的人拥有农田。
另一个例子是帐篷和露营者的关系。在东德，露营是很常见的，而且也被允许去东欧的其他国家去露营。所以说东德人不被允许离开这个国家是错误的。但是很难买到露营车，因为它们很昂贵，你必须等上十多年才能买到，所以东部没有多少老露营车，现在大多数人也买不起。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
This is my first comment on youtube, but I really felt like I have to say this.If you make videos like this, you should really team up with people from both sides you are talking about. As an eastern German I can say that the facts you were talking about were right, but your conclusions about the reasons were terribly wrong. Most of these things could have been explained easily to you by someone who knows about the culture and history of the country.
For example are not many people working in eastern germany in agriculture and most of the farm land is not owned by private farmers. During GDR times farmers were expropriated by the state and the farmers were forced to go into agricultural production communities. These communities often still exist as private companies. So only a low amount of people is owning all the farm land.
Another Example is the relation of tents to campers. It was way more common in the gdr to go camping and it was allowed to camp in other countries of the eastern block. So saysing the eastern germans were not allowed to leave the country is wrong. But it was very difficult to get a camper, since they were expansive and you had to wait more than a decade for them so there are not many old campers in the eastern part and nowadays most people can't afford.
这是我第一次在油管上发表评论，但我真的觉得我必须要说些什么。如果你制作这样的视频，你真的应该和你所谈论的双方的人一起合作。作为一个东德人，我可以说，你说的事实是对的，但你对原因的说法却大错特错。这些事情大部分都可以由了解该国文化和历史的人轻松地解释给你听。
例如，在德国东部从事农业的人不多，大部分农田也不是由私人农民所拥有。在东德时期，农民被国家征用，农民被迫进入农业生产合作社。这些社区往往仍以私人公司的形式存在。因此，只有少量的人拥有农田。
另一个例子是帐篷和露营者的关系。在东德，露营是很常见的，而且也被允许去东欧的其他国家去露营。所以说东德人不被允许离开这个国家是错误的。但是很难买到露营车，因为它们很昂贵，你必须等上十多年才能买到，所以东部没有多少老露营车，现在大多数人也买不起。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Tobias Mazur
5:06 it's true that the population density is higher in the West, but this has also been the case prior to the Cold War. Especially the region around the Rhine river, which is part of the "blue banana", has always had the highest population density in Germany, and the Ruhr region with its coal mining and steel production was basically the economic center of Germany during the Industrialization era. Of course the Iron Curtain and its fall deepened the situation, since, as you mentioned, company HQs move to more economic stable regions (which leads to higher economic growth, which leads to higher population influx), but the roots of the different population densities lie in the decades before WWII.
5:06 西部地区的人口密度确实较高，但在冷战之前也一直是这样。尤其是属于 "蓝色香蕉 "的莱茵河周边地区，一直是德国人口密度最高的地区，而鲁尔区的煤矿和钢铁生产在工业化时代基本上就是德国的经济中心。当然，铁幕及其倒塌加深了这种情况，因为正如你所提到的，公司总部迁往经济更加稳定的地区（这导致更高的经济增长，从而导致更高的人口流入），但不同人口密度的根源在于二战之前的几十年。
5:06 it's true that the population density is higher in the West, but this has also been the case prior to the Cold War. Especially the region around the Rhine river, which is part of the "blue banana", has always had the highest population density in Germany, and the Ruhr region with its coal mining and steel production was basically the economic center of Germany during the Industrialization era. Of course the Iron Curtain and its fall deepened the situation, since, as you mentioned, company HQs move to more economic stable regions (which leads to higher economic growth, which leads to higher population influx), but the roots of the different population densities lie in the decades before WWII.
5:06 西部地区的人口密度确实较高，但在冷战之前也一直是这样。尤其是属于 "蓝色香蕉 "的莱茵河周边地区，一直是德国人口密度最高的地区，而鲁尔区的煤矿和钢铁生产在工业化时代基本上就是德国的经济中心。当然，铁幕及其倒塌加深了这种情况，因为正如你所提到的，公司总部迁往经济更加稳定的地区（这导致更高的经济增长，从而导致更高的人口流入），但不同人口密度的根源在于二战之前的几十年。
Jiri Rehurek
I dunno, but there's a lot left out or misrepresented in this vid. e.g. the economic collapse of East was to large part caused by 1:1 exchange rate and privatisation almost always meant not that HQ moved to West but that company from the West bought and immediately closed the East German company etc etc.
One can clearly see that in East German case there was less of actual reforms or privatisation and more of market share and labour force takeover- you just have to look at Czechia: both regions had similar GDP/ capita and still have similar GDP PPP/ capita and were and still are similarly highly developed but Czechia didn't have Western cousin to be bought out by so they had to repair their own roads and homes and reform their economy by themselves and it took them more time but the same time they managed to preserve most of their industrial base and even many established communist brands are still around and thriving.
例如，东德的经济崩溃在很大程度上是由1:1的汇率造成的，私有化几乎总是意味着，不是总部搬到西德，而是西德的公司收购东德的公司，并立即关闭东德的公司等等。
人们可以清楚地看到，在东德，实际的改革或私有化较少，市场份额和劳动力接管更多。你只要看看捷克就知道了。这两个地区都有类似的人均GDP和人均购买力平价，在过去和现在，两者都差不多，都是高度发展，但捷克由于没有西方的表亲来收购（译者注：指没有东捷克，西捷克），所以他们不得不自己修路、盖房子，自己改革经济，这花了他们更多的时间，但同时他们也设法保留了大部分的工业基础，甚至许多成熟的共产主义品牌仍然存在，并蓬勃发展。
I dunno, but there's a lot left out or misrepresented in this vid. e.g. the economic collapse of East was to large part caused by 1:1 exchange rate and privatisation almost always meant not that HQ moved to West but that company from the West bought and immediately closed the East German company etc etc.
One can clearly see that in East German case there was less of actual reforms or privatisation and more of market share and labour force takeover- you just have to look at Czechia: both regions had similar GDP/ capita and still have similar GDP PPP/ capita and were and still are similarly highly developed but Czechia didn't have Western cousin to be bought out by so they had to repair their own roads and homes and reform their economy by themselves and it took them more time but the same time they managed to preserve most of their industrial base and even many established communist brands are still around and thriving.
例如，东德的经济崩溃在很大程度上是由1:1的汇率造成的，私有化几乎总是意味着，不是总部搬到西德，而是西德的公司收购东德的公司，并立即关闭东德的公司等等。
人们可以清楚地看到，在东德，实际的改革或私有化较少，市场份额和劳动力接管更多。你只要看看捷克就知道了。这两个地区都有类似的人均GDP和人均购买力平价，在过去和现在，两者都差不多，都是高度发展，但捷克由于没有西方的表亲来收购（译者注：指没有东捷克，西捷克），所以他们不得不自己修路、盖房子，自己改革经济，这花了他们更多的时间，但同时他们也设法保留了大部分的工业基础，甚至许多成熟的共产主义品牌仍然存在，并蓬勃发展。
Raymond Hartmeijer
8:46 No, in the old GDR, citizens could leave the country for holiday for example, but only in other European Soviet-influenced states ofc. Hungary, I believe was a popular destination
8:46 不，在旧东德，公民可以出国度假，但只能在其他受苏联影响的欧洲国家。例如匈牙利，我相信就是一个受欢迎的目的地。
8:46 No, in the old GDR, citizens could leave the country for holiday for example, but only in other European Soviet-influenced states ofc. Hungary, I believe was a popular destination
8:46 不，在旧东德，公民可以出国度假，但只能在其他受苏联影响的欧洲国家。例如匈牙利，我相信就是一个受欢迎的目的地。
Crni Vampir 1995
I am from Croatia and once I met the person from the former East Germany and we had a lot in common and we could easily understand each other regarding some views to the world. On the other side people from the former West Germany were like child robots to me:).
我来自克罗地亚，有一次我遇到了来自前东德的人，我们有很多共同点，我们很容易理解对方对世界的一些看法。另一方面，来自前西德的人对我来说就像儿童机器人：）。
I am from Croatia and once I met the person from the former East Germany and we had a lot in common and we could easily understand each other regarding some views to the world. On the other side people from the former West Germany were like child robots to me:).
我来自克罗地亚，有一次我遇到了来自前东德的人，我们有很多共同点，我们很容易理解对方对世界的一些看法。另一方面，来自前西德的人对我来说就像儿童机器人：）。
Endura
Living in east Germany myself, i belief the main reason for the lower trash production is the low availability of goods in the GDR. Since people were not able to just buy any new product anytime they wanted to they stored old things instead of throwing them away because maybe they could use them in the future. This still happens today in almost any family.
我自己就住在东德，我认为垃圾产量低的主要原因是东德的商品供应量少。由于人们不能随时购买那些新产品，所以他们把旧东西储存起来，而不是扔掉，因为也许在未来还要使用它们。这种情况今天仍然发生在几乎所有的家庭中。
Living in east Germany myself, i belief the main reason for the lower trash production is the low availability of goods in the GDR. Since people were not able to just buy any new product anytime they wanted to they stored old things instead of throwing them away because maybe they could use them in the future. This still happens today in almost any family.
我自己就住在东德，我认为垃圾产量低的主要原因是东德的商品供应量少。由于人们不能随时购买那些新产品，所以他们把旧东西储存起来，而不是扔掉，因为也许在未来还要使用它们。这种情况今天仍然发生在几乎所有的家庭中。
J B
"they were reunited in 1940"
That is impressive they reunited before they were even divided.
"他们在1940年重聚"
这是令人印象深刻的，他们甚至在分裂之前就已经团聚。
"they were reunited in 1940"
That is impressive they reunited before they were even divided.
"他们在1940年重聚"
这是令人印象深刻的，他们甚至在分裂之前就已经团聚。
Laura Hartmann
I was born in former east Germany in the early 2000s and my grandparents were very involved when it came to raising me. Born after the unification, my homecountry was always considered a western country, when actually the former sowiet influence still played a role in my upbringing. It was kind of like being too western for the east, yet still too eastern to fully belong to the western nations.
Many people my age take big pride in being from the former GDR. They hold on to artefacts of their parents youth and feel some kind of nostalgia for a seemingly more simple time, which they never got to live in. (The German word for East is Osten or Ost for short, so we even got the word Ostalgie, to describe this feeling)
The older generation sometimes longs for this as well, saying things like "of course we were locked in, of course the system was kind of set up for failure, of course there were things like espionage, but the huge majority of us still had easy, good and affordable life's with everything they needed"
我在21世纪初出生在前东德，我的祖父母在抚养我的过程中非常投入。我出生在统一后，我的祖国一直被认为是一个西方国家，而实际上，前苏联的影响在我的成长过程中仍然发挥着作用。这有点像对东方来说太西化，对西方来说又太东化，不是完全属于西方国家。
许多与我同龄的人对自己来自前东德感到非常自豪。他们保留着他们父母年轻时的物品，对他们从未经历过的、看似更简单的时代感到某种怀念。(德语中的 "东 "是指Osten或Ost，所以我们甚至用Ostalgie这个词来描述这种感觉。）
老一代人有时也渴望这样，他们说："当然，我们被锁在里面，当然，这个系统是为失败而设置的，当然，有像间谍活动这样的事情，但我们中的绝大多数人仍然有轻松、美好和负担得起的生活，有他们需要的一切"。
I was born in former east Germany in the early 2000s and my grandparents were very involved when it came to raising me. Born after the unification, my homecountry was always considered a western country, when actually the former sowiet influence still played a role in my upbringing. It was kind of like being too western for the east, yet still too eastern to fully belong to the western nations.
Many people my age take big pride in being from the former GDR. They hold on to artefacts of their parents youth and feel some kind of nostalgia for a seemingly more simple time, which they never got to live in. (The German word for East is Osten or Ost for short, so we even got the word Ostalgie, to describe this feeling)
The older generation sometimes longs for this as well, saying things like "of course we were locked in, of course the system was kind of set up for failure, of course there were things like espionage, but the huge majority of us still had easy, good and affordable life's with everything they needed"
我在21世纪初出生在前东德，我的祖父母在抚养我的过程中非常投入。我出生在统一后，我的祖国一直被认为是一个西方国家，而实际上，前苏联的影响在我的成长过程中仍然发挥着作用。这有点像对东方来说太西化，对西方来说又太东化，不是完全属于西方国家。
许多与我同龄的人对自己来自前东德感到非常自豪。他们保留着他们父母年轻时的物品，对他们从未经历过的、看似更简单的时代感到某种怀念。(德语中的 "东 "是指Osten或Ost，所以我们甚至用Ostalgie这个词来描述这种感觉。）
老一代人有时也渴望这样，他们说："当然，我们被锁在里面，当然，这个系统是为失败而设置的，当然，有像间谍活动这样的事情，但我们中的绝大多数人仍然有轻松、美好和负担得起的生活，有他们需要的一切"。
Pianist Stefan Bötel
1:20 Whenever a country uses the word "democratic" in its name you can be sure it's the opposite
1:20 每当一个国家在其名称中使用 "民主 "一词时，你就可以肯定它是相反的。
1:20 Whenever a country uses the word "democratic" in its name you can be sure it's the opposite
1:20 每当一个国家在其名称中使用 "民主 "一词时，你就可以肯定它是相反的。
sashakir
Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK)
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK)
朝鲜民主主义人民共和国 (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
Stalin Liberator
perfectly said about US
关于美国的完美说法，哈哈
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
perfectly said about US
关于美国的完美说法，哈哈
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Pianist Stefan Bötel
@Stalin Liberator
Why do you think the U.S. isn't a democratic country?
为什么你认为美国不是个民主国家？
@Stalin Liberator
Why do you think the U.S. isn't a democratic country?
为什么你认为美国不是个民主国家？
ElSeggs
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
"united" states of america
美洲的”联合“国家
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
"united" states of america
美洲的”联合“国家
Stalin Liberator
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
It's hard for me to call the United States a democratic country where communists were exterminated, like in Nazi Germany, where until recently they oppressed the black population, which still lives in a ghetto, where the president is not elected by direct popular vote, but by electors. What kind of democracy is a country talking about that preaches the idea of the exclusivity of its nation (reminiscent of some European countries of the 30s), cynically talks about democracy and human rights, while bombing Yugoslavia and killing a million people in Iraq.
我很难把美国称为一个民主国家，在那里GCD人被消灭，就像纳粹德国一样，直到最近他们还在压迫黑人，而黑人仍然生活在贫民窟中，总统不是由民众直接投票选出，而是由选举人选出的。一个宣扬民族排他性思想的国家（让人想起30年代的一些欧洲国家），玩世不恭地谈论民主和人权，同时轰炸南斯拉夫并在伊拉克杀害上百万人，这算什么民主？
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
It's hard for me to call the United States a democratic country where communists were exterminated, like in Nazi Germany, where until recently they oppressed the black population, which still lives in a ghetto, where the president is not elected by direct popular vote, but by electors. What kind of democracy is a country talking about that preaches the idea of the exclusivity of its nation (reminiscent of some European countries of the 30s), cynically talks about democracy and human rights, while bombing Yugoslavia and killing a million people in Iraq.
我很难把美国称为一个民主国家，在那里GCD人被消灭，就像纳粹德国一样，直到最近他们还在压迫黑人，而黑人仍然生活在贫民窟中，总统不是由民众直接投票选出，而是由选举人选出的。一个宣扬民族排他性思想的国家（让人想起30年代的一些欧洲国家），玩世不恭地谈论民主和人权，同时轰炸南斯拉夫并在伊拉克杀害上百万人，这算什么民主？
Edward Sanville
@Stalin Liberator
The United States doesn't have "Democratic" in its name. Also, most of what you're posting are exaggerated left-wing talking points that are popular in the corporate press in Europe and also here in the United States itself. The points you make about foreign policy are pretty good, though.
美国的名字中并没有 "民主 "二字。 另外，你发布的大部分内容都是夸张的左翼言论，这些言论在欧洲的企业新闻界和美国本土也很流行。 你关于外交政策的观点倒是很好。
@Stalin Liberator
The United States doesn't have "Democratic" in its name. Also, most of what you're posting are exaggerated left-wing talking points that are popular in the corporate press in Europe and also here in the United States itself. The points you make about foreign policy are pretty good, though.
美国的名字中并没有 "民主 "二字。 另外，你发布的大部分内容都是夸张的左翼言论，这些言论在欧洲的企业新闻界和美国本土也很流行。 你关于外交政策的观点倒是很好。
Cesar de Oliveira
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
His nom de plume is stalin liberator. There's literally one piece to this "puzzle", mate.
他的网名叫 "解放者斯大林"。这个 "拼图 "实际上只有一块，伙计。
@Pianist Stefan Bötel
His nom de plume is stalin liberator. There's literally one piece to this "puzzle", mate.
他的网名叫 "解放者斯大林"。这个 "拼图 "实际上只有一块，伙计。
SuperAxewielder
The reason for the camping difference is also that there weren't a lot of cars in the gdr. Why would you buy a trailer, if you are still waiting for your car.
露营差异的原因还在于，民主德国没有太多的汽车。如果你还在等你的车，为什么要买拖车呢？
（译者注：东德买车要排队，要等很多年）
The reason for the camping difference is also that there weren't a lot of cars in the gdr. Why would you buy a trailer, if you are still waiting for your car.
露营差异的原因还在于，民主德国没有太多的汽车。如果你还在等你的车，为什么要买拖车呢？
（译者注：东德买车要排队，要等很多年）
Tom Wilson
As an old retired Scotsman living in Germany. Found your presentation first class and interesting
作为一个生活在德国的退休的苏格兰人。发现你的介绍是一流的，很有意思。
As an old retired Scotsman living in Germany. Found your presentation first class and interesting
作为一个生活在德国的退休的苏格兰人。发现你的介绍是一流的，很有意思。
Linuxman777
Another interesting divide is Japan where the east and west are divided by the battle of Sekigahara and the Itoigawa-Shizuoka fault lines, which results in cultural differences
另一个有趣的鸿沟是日本，东部和西部被关原之战和糸鱼川-静冈断层线所分割，这导致了文化差异。
Another interesting divide is Japan where the east and west are divided by the battle of Sekigahara and the Itoigawa-Shizuoka fault lines, which results in cultural differences
另一个有趣的鸿沟是日本，东部和西部被关原之战和糸鱼川-静冈断层线所分割，这导致了文化差异。
Kortanios LastOfHisName
Many of the economic differences have decreased in severity since 2011-14, they are still there, but less pronounced. Fun fact though, the UK government through the London/South of England focussed economic planning of the last 50 years (and neglect of the North in terms of not providing structural support when manufacturing/heavy industries were failing there and not building modern infrastructure there) has managed to create an even greater economic divide without the country being split than the divide was in Germany in 2011-14 let alone now.
自2011-14年以来，许多经济差异的严重程度已经下降，虽然它们仍然存在，但不那么明显。但有趣的是，英国政府通过过去50年以伦敦/英格兰南部为重点的经济规划（以及对北部地区的忽视，即在那里的制造业/重工业失败时不提供结构性支持，也不在那里建设现代基础设施），成功地在国家没有分裂的情况下创造出了更大的经济鸿沟，比2011-14年德国的鸿沟还要大，更不用说现在了。
Many of the economic differences have decreased in severity since 2011-14, they are still there, but less pronounced. Fun fact though, the UK government through the London/South of England focussed economic planning of the last 50 years (and neglect of the North in terms of not providing structural support when manufacturing/heavy industries were failing there and not building modern infrastructure there) has managed to create an even greater economic divide without the country being split than the divide was in Germany in 2011-14 let alone now.
自2011-14年以来，许多经济差异的严重程度已经下降，虽然它们仍然存在，但不那么明显。但有趣的是，英国政府通过过去50年以伦敦/英格兰南部为重点的经济规划（以及对北部地区的忽视，即在那里的制造业/重工业失败时不提供结构性支持，也不在那里建设现代基础设施），成功地在国家没有分裂的情况下创造出了更大的经济鸿沟，比2011-14年德国的鸿沟还要大，更不用说现在了。
tobio1988
As someone from east germany that lived quiet some time in west germany I can say something about the trash numbers. In east germany the people were insentivised to have their own compost, for small gardens, or behind the house. This still reduces „biological waste“ a lot because it does not go into the trash can, but to a compost. Also… people produce vegetables in the gardens and dont have to bus them, but I think the numbers of kilogramms of food that dont go in the regular trash but in compost are way more important.
作为一个来自东德并在西德安静地生活了一段时间的人，我可以对垃圾的数量说些什么。在东德，人们被鼓励拥有自己的肥堆，用于小花园，或在房子后面。这减少了很多"生物垃圾"，因为它们没有进入垃圾桶，而是进入了一个肥堆。另外......人们在花园里种植蔬菜，不需要用巴士运送，但我认为没有进入普通垃圾桶，而是进入肥堆的食物的数量更为重要。
As someone from east germany that lived quiet some time in west germany I can say something about the trash numbers. In east germany the people were insentivised to have their own compost, for small gardens, or behind the house. This still reduces „biological waste“ a lot because it does not go into the trash can, but to a compost. Also… people produce vegetables in the gardens and dont have to bus them, but I think the numbers of kilogramms of food that dont go in the regular trash but in compost are way more important.
作为一个来自东德并在西德安静地生活了一段时间的人，我可以对垃圾的数量说些什么。在东德，人们被鼓励拥有自己的肥堆，用于小花园，或在房子后面。这减少了很多"生物垃圾"，因为它们没有进入垃圾桶，而是进入了一个肥堆。另外......人们在花园里种植蔬菜，不需要用巴士运送，但我认为没有进入普通垃圾桶，而是进入肥堆的食物的数量更为重要。
Otopon
One thing to note for the trash difference ist also that a recycling mentality in east germany developed because of the shortage of supply
需要注意的是，在东德，由于物资供应短缺，形成了一种回收利用的心态。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
One thing to note for the trash difference ist also that a recycling mentality in east germany developed because of the shortage of supply
需要注意的是，在东德，由于物资供应短缺，形成了一种回收利用的心态。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Arthur Fibich
The situation in the east has improved quite a bit since the GFC. Because of ever higher rents in western cities, more and more students choose to study in the west. That combined with the good education and investment, cities like Dresden or Leipzig are becoming tech hubs in their own right with e.g. Global Foundries setting up in Dresden, Intel in Magdeburg and Tesla in Grünheide
自全球金融危机以来，东部的情况已经有了相当大的改善。由于西部城市的租金越来越高，越来越多的学生选择在东部学习（译者注：虽然原文写的是西部，但根据上下文，这里应该是东部）。再加上良好的教育和投资，德累斯顿或莱比锡这样的城市正在成为科技中心，例如，全球铸造厂在德累斯顿，英特尔在马格德堡，特斯拉在格吕海德。
The situation in the east has improved quite a bit since the GFC. Because of ever higher rents in western cities, more and more students choose to study in the west. That combined with the good education and investment, cities like Dresden or Leipzig are becoming tech hubs in their own right with e.g. Global Foundries setting up in Dresden, Intel in Magdeburg and Tesla in Grünheide
自全球金融危机以来，东部的情况已经有了相当大的改善。由于西部城市的租金越来越高，越来越多的学生选择在东部学习（译者注：虽然原文写的是西部，但根据上下文，这里应该是东部）。再加上良好的教育和投资，德累斯顿或莱比锡这样的城市正在成为科技中心，例如，全球铸造厂在德累斯顿，英特尔在马格德堡，特斯拉在格吕海德。
Jovan Weismiller
They were actually reunited in 1990 not 1940, and since German Reunification Day is 3 October, it hasn't been quite 32 years. However, thank you for this video. In 1989 after the Wall fell, I had a discussion with a friend. I said Germany would be reunited within the year. He said it would take a decade at least. I was technically right, with over a month to spare, but in some ways, he was overly optimistic, as this video shows.
他们实际上是在1990年而不是1940年统一的，由于德国统一日是10月3日，所以还没有完全达到32年。然而，感谢你的这段视频。1989年柏林墙倒塌后，我和一个朋友进行了讨论。我说德国将在一年内实现统一。他说，这至少需要十年。我在技术上是正确的，还有一个多月的时间，但在某些方面，他过于乐观了，正如这段视频所显示的那样。
They were actually reunited in 1990 not 1940, and since German Reunification Day is 3 October, it hasn't been quite 32 years. However, thank you for this video. In 1989 after the Wall fell, I had a discussion with a friend. I said Germany would be reunited within the year. He said it would take a decade at least. I was technically right, with over a month to spare, but in some ways, he was overly optimistic, as this video shows.
他们实际上是在1990年而不是1940年统一的，由于德国统一日是10月3日，所以还没有完全达到32年。然而，感谢你的这段视频。1989年柏林墙倒塌后，我和一个朋友进行了讨论。我说德国将在一年内实现统一。他说，这至少需要十年。我在技术上是正确的，还有一个多月的时间，但在某些方面，他过于乐观了，正如这段视频所显示的那样。
Jiufu
The number of rural communities and farms in the East could also be due simply to its geography. West and South Germany have lots of hills and woodlands making cultivation difficult whereas the East is mostly plains.
东部的农村社区和农场的数量，也可能仅仅是由于其地理环境造成的。德国西部和南部有很多丘陵和林地，使得耕种很困难，而东部主要是平原。
The number of rural communities and farms in the East could also be due simply to its geography. West and South Germany have lots of hills and woodlands making cultivation difficult whereas the East is mostly plains.
东部的农村社区和农场的数量，也可能仅仅是由于其地理环境造成的。德国西部和南部有很多丘陵和林地，使得耕种很困难，而东部主要是平原。
Brus El perro
Curiously, a lot of this are result of the way the reunification was handled and not the division itself
奇怪的是，这在很大程度上是由于统一所造成的，而不是由于分裂造成的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Curiously, a lot of this are result of the way the reunification was handled and not the division itself
奇怪的是，这在很大程度上是由于统一所造成的，而不是由于分裂造成的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
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