英国田径协会因“不准确”解读跨性别计划中的法律而受到抨击
正文翻译
(UKA’s new transgender position wants to keep female events for ‘competitors who were female at birth’.)
（田径协会的新跨性别立场是希望为“出生时为女性的选手”保留女性项目。）
新闻：
UK Athletics under fire over ‘inaccurate’ reading of law amid transgender plans
-UKA says risk too high to ban trans women from female events
-Equality commission claimed it told UKA law permitted a ban
英国田径协会因“不准确”解读跨性别计划中的法律而受到抨击
——田径协会表示，禁止变性女性参加女性赛事的风险太高
——平权委员会则声称，他们告诉田径协会法律批准了这项禁令
-UKA says risk too high to ban trans women from female events
-Equality commission claimed it told UKA law permitted a ban
英国田径协会因“不准确”解读跨性别计划中的法律而受到抨击
——田径协会表示，禁止变性女性参加女性赛事的风险太高
——平权委员会则声称，他们告诉田径协会法律批准了这项禁令
(UKA’s new transgender position wants to keep female events for ‘competitors who were female at birth’.)
（田径协会的新跨性别立场是希望为“出生时为女性的选手”保留女性项目。）
新闻：
The Equality and Human Rights Commission has taken the unprecedented step of criticising UK Athletics for its “inaccurate” interpretation of the law after UKA announced plans for a new transgender policy.
平等与人权委员会史无前例地批评英国田径协会对法律的“不准确”解释，此前田径协会宣布了一项新的变性人政策计划。
平等与人权委员会史无前例地批评英国田径协会对法律的“不准确”解释，此前田径协会宣布了一项新的变性人政策计划。
The EHRC’s intervention came hours after UKA said it wanted to ban transgender women from female events on fairness grounds – but it would be too “risky” to do so unless the government changes the law.
在平权委员会介入的几个小时前，田径协会表示，它希望基于公平的理由禁止跨性别女性参加女性赛事——但这样做太“冒险”了，除非政府修改法律。
在平权委员会介入的几个小时前，田径协会表示，它希望基于公平的理由禁止跨性别女性参加女性赛事——但这样做太“冒险”了，除非政府修改法律。
However the EHRC, the body responsible for promoting and upholding equality and human rights ideals and laws across England, Scotland and Wales, said that it had told UKA that it was wrong, and that such a ban was justified, beforehand.
然而，负责在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士促进和维护平等、人权理想和法律的平权委员会则表示，他们事先已经告诉田径协会不是这样，而且这样的禁令是合理的。
然而，负责在英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士促进和维护平等、人权理想和法律的平权委员会则表示，他们事先已经告诉田径协会不是这样，而且这样的禁令是合理的。
It said it had made clear that section 195 of the 2010 Equality Act allows sports to restrict competition in the female category on safety and fairness grounds, a position government sources also reiterated.
它说，它已经明确表示，《2010平等法案》第195条允许体育运动以安全和公平为由限制女性类别的比赛，政府消息人士也重申了这一立场。
它说，它已经明确表示，《2010平等法案》第195条允许体育运动以安全和公平为由限制女性类别的比赛，政府消息人士也重申了这一立场。
“We reached out to UK Athletics and offered to discuss the legal advice underpinning their statement,” the EHRC said. “We are disappointed that they have chosen to publicise their inaccurate advice and we would urge all organisations to consult our website which explains equality law and how it relates to these issues.”
平权委员会表示：“我们联系了英国田径协会，并提出讨论支持他们声明的法律建议。我们对他们选择公开他们不准确的建议感到失望，我们敦促所有组织咨询我们的网站，该网站解释了平等法案，以及它与这些问题的关系。”
平权委员会表示：“我们联系了英国田径协会，并提出讨论支持他们声明的法律建议。我们对他们选择公开他们不准确的建议感到失望，我们敦促所有组织咨询我们的网站，该网站解释了平等法案，以及它与这些问题的关系。”
The dispute began when UKA said it wanted the women’s category to be reserved “for competitors who were female at birth, so that they can continue to compete fairly” – with everyone else in a new “open” category, which would replace the current male one.
这场争议始于田径协会，该组织表示，希望女子比赛类别保留给“出生时为女性的参赛者，这样她们就可以继续公平竞争”——变性运动员应该放在“开放”类别，并以之取代“男性”类别。
这场争议始于田径协会，该组织表示，希望女子比赛类别保留给“出生时为女性的参赛者，这样她们就可以继续公平竞争”——变性运动员应该放在“开放”类别，并以之取代“男性”类别。
Such a path has already been taken by British Triathlon, the Rugby Football unx and Rugby Football League without any legal challenges. However, the UKA chair, Ian Beattie, said his organisation was fearful of making such a change having taken legal advice regarding the Gender Recognition Act of 2004.
英国铁人三项、橄榄球联盟和橄榄球联盟已经在没有任何法律挑战的情况下走上了这条道路。然而，英国田径协会主席伊恩·比蒂说，他的组织害怕做出这样的改变，因为他们已经就2004年的《性别承认法案》征求了法律意见。
英国铁人三项、橄榄球联盟和橄榄球联盟已经在没有任何法律挑战的情况下走上了这条道路。然而，英国田径协会主席伊恩·比蒂说，他的组织害怕做出这样的改变，因为他们已经就2004年的《性别承认法案》征求了法律意见。
“It states that people with gender recognition certificates have to be treated as female for all purposes,” he said. “And there’s not an exemption for that for sporting purposes.”
他说：“它规定，不管怎样，持有（女性）性别识别证书的人都必须被视为女性。而出于体育目的，该规定是不能违背的。”
他说：“它规定，不管怎样，持有（女性）性别识别证书的人都必须被视为女性。而出于体育目的，该规定是不能违背的。”
“If we don’t get a legal change, it will be very difficult for us to go ahead with this policy,” he said. “The risks to the organisation would be too high.”
他说：“如果我们不修改法律，我们将很难推行这项政策。因为组织面临的风险太高了。”
他说：“如果我们不修改法律，我们将很难推行这项政策。因为组织面临的风险太高了。”
However government sources said they were puzzled by UKA’s position, given the more recent Equality Act 2010 clearly permits restrictions on the participation of transgender people in gender-affected sporting competitions in order to uphold fair and safe competition.
然而，政府消息人士表示，他们对田径协会的立场感到困惑，因为最近的《2010平等法案》已经明确允许限制跨性别者参加会受性别影响的体育比赛，以维护公平和安全的竞争。
然而，政府消息人士表示，他们对田径协会的立场感到困惑，因为最近的《2010平等法案》已经明确允许限制跨性别者参加会受性别影响的体育比赛，以维护公平和安全的竞争。
They also said the law was clear that the act also displaced the rule that a person with a Gender Recognition Certificate is to be treated as being of their acquired gender.
他们还表示，法律也明确规定，该法案取代了此前的规定，即“拥有性别认可证书的人将被视为该性别”。
他们还表示，法律也明确规定，该法案取代了此前的规定，即“拥有性别认可证书的人将被视为该性别”。
Government officials also noted that during a roundtable meeting with senior leaders of sports governing bodies in June 2022, they were asked to raise any concerns about potential legal challenges. None were forthcoming.
政府官员还指出，在2022年6月与体育管理机构高级领导人举行的圆桌会议上，他们被要求提出对潜在法律挑战的任何担忧。但没有一个是有效的。
政府官员还指出，在2022年6月与体育管理机构高级领导人举行的圆桌会议上，他们被要求提出对潜在法律挑战的任何担忧。但没有一个是有效的。
UKA’s position statement was issued in response to proposals from World Athletics, which would allow trans women and athletes with differences of sex development to compete in the elite female category if they lower their blood testosterone to below 2.5 nanomoles per litre for 24 months.
田径协会的立场声明是对世界田联提议的回应，该提议允许跨性别女性和性别发育不同的运动员在24个月内将血液睾酮水平降低到每升2.5纳米摩尔以下的情况下参加精英女性比赛。
田径协会的立场声明是对世界田联提议的回应，该提议允许跨性别女性和性别发育不同的运动员在24个月内将血液睾酮水平降低到每升2.5纳米摩尔以下的情况下参加精英女性比赛。
Several British female athletes, including Beth Dobbin, Emily Diamond, Amelia Strickler and Ellie Baker, have called the plan unfair. UKA agrees, citing the science showing that trans women “retain a testosterone/puberty advantage over biological females regardless of the reduction of post puberty testosterone levels”.
包括贝丝·多宾、艾米丽·戴蒙德、阿米莉亚·斯特里克勒和艾丽·贝克在内的几名英国女运动员都认为这项计划不公平。田径协会对此表示同意，并引用科学研究表明，跨性别女性“尽管青春期后睾酮水平下降，但与原生女性相比，她们仍保持着睾酮/青春期的优势”。
包括贝丝·多宾、艾米丽·戴蒙德、阿米莉亚·斯特里克勒和艾丽·贝克在内的几名英国女运动员都认为这项计划不公平。田径协会对此表示同意，并引用科学研究表明，跨性别女性“尽管青春期后睾酮水平下降，但与原生女性相比，她们仍保持着睾酮/青春期的优势”。
The campaign group Sex Matters said its legal advice concurred with the government and not UKA. “Sex Matters agrees with UKA that female-only sports are essential to provide safe and fair competition for women. But female-only competition is already lawful under the Equality Act.”
“性问题”运动组织表示，他们的法律建议与政府一致，而不是田径协会。“‘性问题’同意田径协会的观点，即女性专属运动对于为女性提供安全和公平的竞争至关重要。但根据《平等法案》，仅限女性参赛已经是合法的了（因此不存在田径协会所说的法律风险顾虑）。”
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
“性问题”运动组织表示，他们的法律建议与政府一致，而不是田径协会。“‘性问题’同意田径协会的观点，即女性专属运动对于为女性提供安全和公平的竞争至关重要。但根据《平等法案》，仅限女性参赛已经是合法的了（因此不存在田径协会所说的法律风险顾虑）。”
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
However the LGBTQ+ organisation Stonewall urged UKA to reconsider its position and to keep allowing trans women in female sport.
然而，各种性别恋组织“石墙”敦促田径协会重新考虑其立场，并继续允许跨性别女性参加女子运动。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
然而，各种性别恋组织“石墙”敦促田径协会重新考虑其立场，并继续允许跨性别女性参加女子运动。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
“The 2021 census data tells us that trans women make up 0.1% of the population in England and Wales. The trans population may be small, but they have every right to participate in sports and enjoy the many physical, mental and community benefits of sports,” said Robbie de Santos, Stonewall’s director of communications.
“2021年的人口普查数据告诉我们，变性女性只占英格兰和威尔士人口的0.1%。变性人的人数可能不多，但他们完全有权利参加体育运动，享受体育运动在身体、精神和社区方面的诸多好处，”“石墙”的公关总监罗比·德·桑托斯称。
“2021年的人口普查数据告诉我们，变性女性只占英格兰和威尔士人口的0.1%。变性人的人数可能不多，但他们完全有权利参加体育运动，享受体育运动在身体、精神和社区方面的诸多好处，”“石墙”的公关总监罗比·德·桑托斯称。
“It is vital that sports use robust evidence from the actual practice and experience of their sports, when seeking to upxe inclusion and participation policies.”
“在寻求更新包容和参与政策时，体育运动必须使用来自其体育项目实际实践和经验的有力证据。”
“在寻求更新包容和参与政策时，体育运动必须使用来自其体育项目实际实践和经验的有力证据。”
评论翻译
Maxxxmax
Oh man, all 2 or 3 serious athletes in the UK who are trans really deserve the constant news cycles....
It is absurd how far this has all been blown out of proportion.
哦，伙计，英国所有2、3个变性运动员真的值得不断的新闻循环……
荒谬的是，这一切都被夸大了。
Oh man, all 2 or 3 serious athletes in the UK who are trans really deserve the constant news cycles....
It is absurd how far this has all been blown out of proportion.
哦，伙计，英国所有2、3个变性运动员真的值得不断的新闻循环……
荒谬的是，这一切都被夸大了。
Calcain
In fairness, the women who dedicated their lives to their athletic careers only to be absolutely smashed by trans women probably have strong feelings about this.
I’m not anti-LGBTQ but I recognise that there are certain biological advantages a trans woman would have over other women in sports.
公平地说，那些把一生都奉献给运动事业，却被跨性别女性彻底击败的女性可能对此有强烈的感受。
我不反对各种性别恋，但我承认跨性别女性在体育方面比其他原生女性有某些生理上的优势。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
In fairness, the women who dedicated their lives to their athletic careers only to be absolutely smashed by trans women probably have strong feelings about this.
I’m not anti-LGBTQ but I recognise that there are certain biological advantages a trans woman would have over other women in sports.
公平地说，那些把一生都奉献给运动事业，却被跨性别女性彻底击败的女性可能对此有强烈的感受。
我不反对各种性别恋，但我承认跨性别女性在体育方面比其他原生女性有某些生理上的优势。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
MrPuddington2
Exactly. This is not about the number of trans people, this is about pretty much the whole of women sports.
But I think they are wrong. The Equality Act says you can make exceptions if the requirement is necessary.
完全正确。这不是变性人数量的问题，而是事关整个女性运动。
但我认为他们错了。《平等法案》规定，如果有必要，你可以例外。
Exactly. This is not about the number of trans people, this is about pretty much the whole of women sports.
But I think they are wrong. The Equality Act says you can make exceptions if the requirement is necessary.
完全正确。这不是变性人数量的问题，而是事关整个女性运动。
但我认为他们错了。《平等法案》规定，如果有必要，你可以例外。
TNTiger
I'd love to know how they will factor in intersex people- they make up roughly 2% of the population, which is about 1,346,600 people in the UK.
There are only 4,910 fully transitioned people in the UK. That is 0.007% of the population. Actually percentages as well- not 0.7%, 0.007%.
People like Caster Semeya, who NATURALLY are more masculine than other women are the ones who will be overwhelmingly effected here, not trans people. Again, the ratio between the two groups is 286:1, and that's ignoring all the intersex people who also are trans.
我很想知道他们是怎么把双性人考虑进来的——他们大约占人口的2%，在英国大约有1346600人。
全英国只有4910个完全变性人。占总人口的0.007%。实际上百分比也一样，不是0.7%，而是是0.007%。
像Caster Semeya这样天生比其他女性更男性化的人，在这里会受到压倒性的影响，而不是那些变性人。同样，两类之间的比例是286:1，这还忽略了所有既是双性人同时也是变性人的人。
I'd love to know how they will factor in intersex people- they make up roughly 2% of the population, which is about 1,346,600 people in the UK.
There are only 4,910 fully transitioned people in the UK. That is 0.007% of the population. Actually percentages as well- not 0.7%, 0.007%.
People like Caster Semeya, who NATURALLY are more masculine than other women are the ones who will be overwhelmingly effected here, not trans people. Again, the ratio between the two groups is 286:1, and that's ignoring all the intersex people who also are trans.
我很想知道他们是怎么把双性人考虑进来的——他们大约占人口的2%，在英国大约有1346600人。
全英国只有4910个完全变性人。占总人口的0.007%。实际上百分比也一样，不是0.7%，而是是0.007%。
像Caster Semeya这样天生比其他女性更男性化的人，在这里会受到压倒性的影响，而不是那些变性人。同样，两类之间的比例是286:1，这还忽略了所有既是双性人同时也是变性人的人。
Lex4709
Most intersex people don't get any advantages. Literally, stuff like having a micro dick is included under intersex umbrella, so against popular believe most intersex people are still clearly male or female. So this doesn't affect 2% of UK's population, it affects only a small percentage of those 2%. But Semeya is an example that has an advantage due to being intersex and has been banned from competitions until she lowers her testosterone levels (which she refuses to do).
大多数双性人没有任何优势。从字面上看，像拥有微型JB这样的东西都被包括在双性人的保护伞下，所以与流行的观点相反，大多数双性人仍然明显是男性或女性。所以这并不影响英国的这2%的人口，它只影响了这2%中的一小部分。但Semeya是一个例子，由于她是双性人，她被禁止参加比赛，直到她降低睾酮水平（她拒绝这样做）。
Most intersex people don't get any advantages. Literally, stuff like having a micro dick is included under intersex umbrella, so against popular believe most intersex people are still clearly male or female. So this doesn't affect 2% of UK's population, it affects only a small percentage of those 2%. But Semeya is an example that has an advantage due to being intersex and has been banned from competitions until she lowers her testosterone levels (which she refuses to do).
大多数双性人没有任何优势。从字面上看，像拥有微型JB这样的东西都被包括在双性人的保护伞下，所以与流行的观点相反，大多数双性人仍然明显是男性或女性。所以这并不影响英国的这2%的人口，它只影响了这2%中的一小部分。但Semeya是一个例子，由于她是双性人，她被禁止参加比赛，直到她降低睾酮水平（她拒绝这样做）。
TNTiger_
You are correct about not everyone being effected, but intersex conditions are diverse and widely underdiagnosed, so it is still significant, especially in comparison to the very small number of legally recognised trans people. That low number is imo the more important one- it's far, far less than how people have been talkin about it. Most of the ~262,000 trans people in this country aren't a part of this conversation
Why should Semenya have to change it? She has a biological advantage, true, but isn't that an essential aspect of competitive sports? Are we gonna start banning Kalenjin people for having innate advantages- they literally make up 40% of Olympic and World Cross medalists for a tribe of 6,700,000 people, meaning that they have a fucking 4978% advantage. Comparative studies of trans and cis women find that the advantage they have is 12%- 0.2% of the advantage this Kenyan tribe can achieve.
What about height? Muscle propensity? Any of the other morphological ways a person may be genetically advantaged? How about socially advantaged? How they were raised? What sort of training they have available? The diet they can afford? To again go back to trans people- that 12% was naturally a correlational measure, but did not means-test against extraneous factors such as height and base muscle mass. For good reason, for these are precisely the factors that can give trans women a (12%) edge (Also, edge in what? Doing push-ups was what was measured, but would those same benefits apply across all sports?). But what about the cis women who already have that edge? How are they fundamentally different, when we get to the spirit of competition? How is that different from the Kalenjin, whose advantage is so extraordinarily disproportional? What is fair? Where do we stop?
And that's not to say how insensitive it is to try and force an individual to alter their own body, at the expense of their own health, to cripple themselves, for 'fairness' as Caster Semanya has been demanded to.
Or not to ignore the fact that normal-sexed female Africans have naturally higher levels of testosterone01723-4/pdf), putting many of them above the standard 5nmol/L limit.
Who are we making it fair for?
If an intersex or trans person isn't allowed in women's sport, and they compete in male sports instead, are they not then given an unfair disadvantage based on their biological sex? Is that then an injustice to them?
你说的没错，并不是每个人都被影响了，但双性人的情况是多种多样的，而且诊断不足的情况也很多，所以这仍然很重要，尤其是与法律认可的变性人的数量非常少相比。在我看来，这个低数字是更重要的一点——它远比人们谈论它的方式要少得多。这个国家大约262000名跨性别者中的大多数人都没有参与到这场对话中来
为什么Semenya要改变呢？她确实有生理上的优势，但这难道不是竞技体育的一个重要方面吗？我们要开始禁止卡伦津人拥有先天优势吗？一个670万人口的部落中，却产生了40%的奥运会和世界十字奖牌得主，这意味着他们tmd有4978%的优势。对跨性别和原生性别女性的比较研究发现，她们所拥有的优势只有这个肯尼亚部落所能达到的优势的12%- 0.2%。
还有身高呢？肌肉倾向呢？还有其他形态上的优势呢？社会优势呢？他们的成长过程呢？他们有什么样的培训呢？他们能负担得起的饮食呢？再回到变性人——12%自然是一个相关的衡量标准，但没有对身高和基础肌肉量等外部因素进行经济状况调查。这是有原因的，因为这些正是让跨性别女性拥有（12%）优势的因素（还有，在哪些方面的优势？做俯卧撑是能被衡量的，但这些好处是否适用于所有运动？）但那些已经拥有这种优势的原生女性呢？当我们谈到竞争精神时，它们有什么本质上的不同？这与优势是如此不成比例的卡伦津人有何不同？什么是公平？我们应该止步于何处？
这并不是说试图强迫一个人改变自己的身体，以牺牲自己的健康为代价，为了“公平”而削弱自己是多么麻木不仁，就像Caster Semanya被要求的那样。
或者不要忽视这样一个事实，即正常性别的非洲女性天生就具有更高的睾酮水平，使许多人超过了标准的5nmol/L的限制。
我们在为谁创造公平？
如果双性人或变性人不允许参加女子运动，并且他们参加男子运动，那么他们不是因为生理性别而处于不公平的劣势吗？那么这对他们来说是是不是不公平呢？
You are correct about not everyone being effected, but intersex conditions are diverse and widely underdiagnosed, so it is still significant, especially in comparison to the very small number of legally recognised trans people. That low number is imo the more important one- it's far, far less than how people have been talkin about it. Most of the ~262,000 trans people in this country aren't a part of this conversation
Why should Semenya have to change it? She has a biological advantage, true, but isn't that an essential aspect of competitive sports? Are we gonna start banning Kalenjin people for having innate advantages- they literally make up 40% of Olympic and World Cross medalists for a tribe of 6,700,000 people, meaning that they have a fucking 4978% advantage. Comparative studies of trans and cis women find that the advantage they have is 12%- 0.2% of the advantage this Kenyan tribe can achieve.
What about height? Muscle propensity? Any of the other morphological ways a person may be genetically advantaged? How about socially advantaged? How they were raised? What sort of training they have available? The diet they can afford? To again go back to trans people- that 12% was naturally a correlational measure, but did not means-test against extraneous factors such as height and base muscle mass. For good reason, for these are precisely the factors that can give trans women a (12%) edge (Also, edge in what? Doing push-ups was what was measured, but would those same benefits apply across all sports?). But what about the cis women who already have that edge? How are they fundamentally different, when we get to the spirit of competition? How is that different from the Kalenjin, whose advantage is so extraordinarily disproportional? What is fair? Where do we stop?
And that's not to say how insensitive it is to try and force an individual to alter their own body, at the expense of their own health, to cripple themselves, for 'fairness' as Caster Semanya has been demanded to.
Or not to ignore the fact that normal-sexed female Africans have naturally higher levels of testosterone01723-4/pdf), putting many of them above the standard 5nmol/L limit.
Who are we making it fair for?
If an intersex or trans person isn't allowed in women's sport, and they compete in male sports instead, are they not then given an unfair disadvantage based on their biological sex? Is that then an injustice to them?
你说的没错，并不是每个人都被影响了，但双性人的情况是多种多样的，而且诊断不足的情况也很多，所以这仍然很重要，尤其是与法律认可的变性人的数量非常少相比。在我看来，这个低数字是更重要的一点——它远比人们谈论它的方式要少得多。这个国家大约262000名跨性别者中的大多数人都没有参与到这场对话中来
为什么Semenya要改变呢？她确实有生理上的优势，但这难道不是竞技体育的一个重要方面吗？我们要开始禁止卡伦津人拥有先天优势吗？一个670万人口的部落中，却产生了40%的奥运会和世界十字奖牌得主，这意味着他们tmd有4978%的优势。对跨性别和原生性别女性的比较研究发现，她们所拥有的优势只有这个肯尼亚部落所能达到的优势的12%- 0.2%。
还有身高呢？肌肉倾向呢？还有其他形态上的优势呢？社会优势呢？他们的成长过程呢？他们有什么样的培训呢？他们能负担得起的饮食呢？再回到变性人——12%自然是一个相关的衡量标准，但没有对身高和基础肌肉量等外部因素进行经济状况调查。这是有原因的，因为这些正是让跨性别女性拥有（12%）优势的因素（还有，在哪些方面的优势？做俯卧撑是能被衡量的，但这些好处是否适用于所有运动？）但那些已经拥有这种优势的原生女性呢？当我们谈到竞争精神时，它们有什么本质上的不同？这与优势是如此不成比例的卡伦津人有何不同？什么是公平？我们应该止步于何处？
这并不是说试图强迫一个人改变自己的身体，以牺牲自己的健康为代价，为了“公平”而削弱自己是多么麻木不仁，就像Caster Semanya被要求的那样。
或者不要忽视这样一个事实，即正常性别的非洲女性天生就具有更高的睾酮水平，使许多人超过了标准的5nmol/L的限制。
我们在为谁创造公平？
如果双性人或变性人不允许参加女子运动，并且他们参加男子运动，那么他们不是因为生理性别而处于不公平的劣势吗？那么这对他们来说是是不是不公平呢？
SoForAllYourDarkGodsGreater London
Semenya
Has XY chromosomes, no?
“Semenya”
他是XY染色体（所以就应该算男性），不是吗？
Semenya
Has XY chromosomes, no?
“Semenya”
他是XY染色体（所以就应该算男性），不是吗？
TNTiger_
And a vagina, tits, ovaries, hormones (all the others are normal and her testosterone is below what is healthy for a man) and everything else a female has.
Modern Anthropology and Medicine treats sex as bi-modal, not binary- there are two dominant extremes (male and female), but a wide gulf between the two where intersex and transitioned trans people fall. What sex an individual has is determined by a combination of morphological, hormonal, and finally, genetic measurements.
The chromosome (23rd) composition is actually considered the least important. While it is usually determinant of the further characteristics of sex, it is no more 'your sex' as chromosomes 16 are 'your eye colour'. They are both informative to what it may be, but are generally best superceded by other data. There are cases where chromosomal sex may be important- the XY chromosomes, for instance, have limited redundancy, meaning certain genetic diseases are far more common in males- but broadly it's not as important. Most diseases determined by sex are the from morphological or hormonal tendencies- breast cancer for instance is the result of the breasts' abnormally high rate of division, and so is just as likely in a transitioned woman or intersex woman than in a cis woman.
All the factors- secondary sex characteristics, primary sex characteristics, hormones, and then chromosomes- determine one's sex. I mean, Semanya herself lead a fruitful life assuming she was 100% female until she was forced to test.
It's why intersex people are so relatively common- and are likely even more common than what we currently know. There's a lot that goes into determining sex, and anyone might be off in that regard. You may be and not know! It's not like we go around testing everyone's genetics.
还有阴道、乳头、卵巢、荷尔蒙（其他都是正常的，她的睾丸激素低于男性健康水平）以及女性拥有的一切。
现代人类学和医学认为性是双态的，而不是二元的——有两个主要的极端（男性和女性），但在这两个极端之间有一个巨大的鸿沟，在这两个极端之间，双性人和变性人的差异很大。个体的性别是由形态学、激素以及最后的基因测量综合决定的。
染色体（第23对）的组成实际上被认为是最不重要的因素。虽然染色体通常决定性别的进一步特征，但它不再是“你的性别”，就像第16对染色体是“你的眼睛颜色”。它们都可能提供信息，但通常最好由其他数据取代。在某些情况下，染色体性别可能很重要——比如，XY染色体的冗余有限，这意味着某些遗传疾病在男性中更为常见——但从广义上讲，它并不那么重要。大多数由性别决定的疾病是由形态或激素倾向引起的——比如，乳腺癌是乳房异常高分裂率的结果，因此，与原生性女性相比，变性女性或双性女性同样可能发生乳腺癌。
所有的因素——第二性征、原性征、荷尔蒙，然后才是染色体——决定了一个人的性别。我的意思是，之前Semanya自己也过着认为自己是100%女性的丰富多彩的生活，，直到她被迫性别检测。
这就是为什么双性人如此普遍——甚至可能比我们目前所知道的还要普遍。决定性别有很多因素，在这方面任何人都可能出错。你可能知道，也可能不知道！我们又不会到处检测每个人的基因。
And a vagina, tits, ovaries, hormones (all the others are normal and her testosterone is below what is healthy for a man) and everything else a female has.
Modern Anthropology and Medicine treats sex as bi-modal, not binary- there are two dominant extremes (male and female), but a wide gulf between the two where intersex and transitioned trans people fall. What sex an individual has is determined by a combination of morphological, hormonal, and finally, genetic measurements.
The chromosome (23rd) composition is actually considered the least important. While it is usually determinant of the further characteristics of sex, it is no more 'your sex' as chromosomes 16 are 'your eye colour'. They are both informative to what it may be, but are generally best superceded by other data. There are cases where chromosomal sex may be important- the XY chromosomes, for instance, have limited redundancy, meaning certain genetic diseases are far more common in males- but broadly it's not as important. Most diseases determined by sex are the from morphological or hormonal tendencies- breast cancer for instance is the result of the breasts' abnormally high rate of division, and so is just as likely in a transitioned woman or intersex woman than in a cis woman.
All the factors- secondary sex characteristics, primary sex characteristics, hormones, and then chromosomes- determine one's sex. I mean, Semanya herself lead a fruitful life assuming she was 100% female until she was forced to test.
It's why intersex people are so relatively common- and are likely even more common than what we currently know. There's a lot that goes into determining sex, and anyone might be off in that regard. You may be and not know! It's not like we go around testing everyone's genetics.
还有阴道、乳头、卵巢、荷尔蒙（其他都是正常的，她的睾丸激素低于男性健康水平）以及女性拥有的一切。
现代人类学和医学认为性是双态的，而不是二元的——有两个主要的极端（男性和女性），但在这两个极端之间有一个巨大的鸿沟，在这两个极端之间，双性人和变性人的差异很大。个体的性别是由形态学、激素以及最后的基因测量综合决定的。
染色体（第23对）的组成实际上被认为是最不重要的因素。虽然染色体通常决定性别的进一步特征，但它不再是“你的性别”，就像第16对染色体是“你的眼睛颜色”。它们都可能提供信息，但通常最好由其他数据取代。在某些情况下，染色体性别可能很重要——比如，XY染色体的冗余有限，这意味着某些遗传疾病在男性中更为常见——但从广义上讲，它并不那么重要。大多数由性别决定的疾病是由形态或激素倾向引起的——比如，乳腺癌是乳房异常高分裂率的结果，因此，与原生性女性相比，变性女性或双性女性同样可能发生乳腺癌。
所有的因素——第二性征、原性征、荷尔蒙，然后才是染色体——决定了一个人的性别。我的意思是，之前Semanya自己也过着认为自己是100%女性的丰富多彩的生活，，直到她被迫性别检测。
这就是为什么双性人如此普遍——甚至可能比我们目前所知道的还要普遍。决定性别有很多因素，在这方面任何人都可能出错。你可能知道，也可能不知道！我们又不会到处检测每个人的基因。
SoForAllYourDarkGodsGreater London
ovaries
I think you don't understand how biology works.
She has no ovaries and no uterus. So no, not everything a female has.
“卵巢”
我觉得你不懂生物学的原理。
她没有卵巢和子宫。所以，不，她没有女性拥有的所有器官。
ovaries
I think you don't understand how biology works.
She has no ovaries and no uterus. So no, not everything a female has.
“卵巢”
我觉得你不懂生物学的原理。
她没有卵巢和子宫。所以，不，她没有女性拥有的所有器官。
TNTiger_
On a double check, that is correct- she has a vagina, so I assumed she had Swyer syndrome, but it must be another condition- possible androgen insensitivity (if so... her testosterone levels, by definition, are not effecting her body. But lmao I made a mistake assumin before so I won't again).
It's still only one trait of the several that determines sex. Heck, if chromosomes are yer thing, there are people PCOS that have higher testosterone than Semanya, but are XX. Or if we go purely off chromosomes, folk can be male and XX due to congenital issues, and it'd be on the face of it mad ta put em against the majority of women in a bracket.
There are even forms of transitional intersexuality, such as Guevedoces, an intersex community type found as distant as Hispaniola and Papua, where some girls (genetically XY- though not all transition, many grow up unchanged) at age 12 (hence the name) grow a penis and testes. Their labia fuses, their ovaries become balls and drop, and they grow into being males.
经过仔细核实，这是正确的——她有阴道，所以我认为她有斯维尔综合症，但这肯定是另一种情况——可能是雄激素不敏感（如果是这样的话……根据定义，她的睾丸激素水平不会影响她的身体。但是我之前犯了一个错误，所以我不会再犯了）。
这仍然只是决定性别的几个特征中的一个。见鬼，如果染色体是你的东西，有些多囊症患者的睾丸激素比Semanya高，但却是XX。或者如果我们纯粹从染色体出发，由于先天问题，人们可以既是男性也是XX，从表面上看，将他们与大多数女性相提并论是疯狂的。
甚至还有一些过渡性中间性的形式，比如Guevedoces，这是一个在遥远的伊斯帕尼奥拉岛和巴布亚岛发现的中间性社区类型，那里的一些女孩（基因上是XY——虽然不是所有人都是过渡性，许多人长大后没有变化）会在12岁（因此而命名为“过渡性”）长出阴茎和睾丸。她们的阴唇融合，卵巢变成球状并脱落，然后长成男性。
On a double check, that is correct- she has a vagina, so I assumed she had Swyer syndrome, but it must be another condition- possible androgen insensitivity (if so... her testosterone levels, by definition, are not effecting her body. But lmao I made a mistake assumin before so I won't again).
It's still only one trait of the several that determines sex. Heck, if chromosomes are yer thing, there are people PCOS that have higher testosterone than Semanya, but are XX. Or if we go purely off chromosomes, folk can be male and XX due to congenital issues, and it'd be on the face of it mad ta put em against the majority of women in a bracket.
There are even forms of transitional intersexuality, such as Guevedoces, an intersex community type found as distant as Hispaniola and Papua, where some girls (genetically XY- though not all transition, many grow up unchanged) at age 12 (hence the name) grow a penis and testes. Their labia fuses, their ovaries become balls and drop, and they grow into being males.
经过仔细核实，这是正确的——她有阴道，所以我认为她有斯维尔综合症，但这肯定是另一种情况——可能是雄激素不敏感（如果是这样的话……根据定义，她的睾丸激素水平不会影响她的身体。但是我之前犯了一个错误，所以我不会再犯了）。
这仍然只是决定性别的几个特征中的一个。见鬼，如果染色体是你的东西，有些多囊症患者的睾丸激素比Semanya高，但却是XX。或者如果我们纯粹从染色体出发，由于先天问题，人们可以既是男性也是XX，从表面上看，将他们与大多数女性相提并论是疯狂的。
甚至还有一些过渡性中间性的形式，比如Guevedoces，这是一个在遥远的伊斯帕尼奥拉岛和巴布亚岛发现的中间性社区类型，那里的一些女孩（基因上是XY——虽然不是所有人都是过渡性，许多人长大后没有变化）会在12岁（因此而命名为“过渡性”）长出阴茎和睾丸。她们的阴唇融合，卵巢变成球状并脱落，然后长成男性。
hobbityone
This all seems rather reactionary especially given we don't currently see trans women dominating the sports they currently compete in alongside other women.
这一切似乎相当反动，尤其是考虑到我们目前还没有看到跨性别女性在她们目前与其他女性一起参加的运动中占据主导地位。
This all seems rather reactionary especially given we don't currently see trans women dominating the sports they currently compete in alongside other women.
这一切似乎相当反动，尤其是考虑到我们目前还没有看到跨性别女性在她们目前与其他女性一起参加的运动中占据主导地位。
Lex4709
I mean, there's an easy fix, ban trans women who experienced male puberty only allow trans women who went on puberty blockers to compete. Kills stories like this instantly; avoid a potential future reactionary ban on all trans athletes if they do begin dominating sports. This generation will probably be the last generation of trans folk to grow up without puberty blockers anyway.
我想说，有一个简单的解决办法，禁止经历过男性青春期的跨性别女性，而只允许服用青春期阻断剂的跨性别女性参加比赛。立刻扼杀这样的故事——如果变性运动员开始统治体育运动，那么避免未来可能出现的对所有变性运动员的禁令。不管怎样，这一代可能是最后一代在成长过程中没有青春期阻断剂的变性人了。
I mean, there's an easy fix, ban trans women who experienced male puberty only allow trans women who went on puberty blockers to compete. Kills stories like this instantly; avoid a potential future reactionary ban on all trans athletes if they do begin dominating sports. This generation will probably be the last generation of trans folk to grow up without puberty blockers anyway.
我想说，有一个简单的解决办法，禁止经历过男性青春期的跨性别女性，而只允许服用青春期阻断剂的跨性别女性参加比赛。立刻扼杀这样的故事——如果变性运动员开始统治体育运动，那么避免未来可能出现的对所有变性运动员的禁令。不管怎样，这一代可能是最后一代在成长过程中没有青春期阻断剂的变性人了。
removekarlingKent
don't worry, the government and media are hard at work to ensure many coming generations of trans people will grow up without puberty blockers, or indeed very little medical transitioning at all
别担心，政府和媒体正在努力工作，以确保许多下一代跨性别者在成长过程中没有青春期阻断剂，或者实际上几乎没有医学上的变性
don't worry, the government and media are hard at work to ensure many coming generations of trans people will grow up without puberty blockers, or indeed very little medical transitioning at all
别担心，政府和媒体正在努力工作，以确保许多下一代跨性别者在成长过程中没有青春期阻断剂，或者实际上几乎没有医学上的变性
Sphism
If there are more than 2 sexes then there should be more than 2 divisions to the athletes.
Eg born male now female and born female now male.
If there are only 2 sexes then it's irrelevant what gender you now identify as and you should compete by your sex.
I've no idea how they govern the use of testosterone. It's effectively a performance enhancing drug.
I would imagine the male to female trans athletes would easily dominate the female born athletes. Which seems unfair.
如果有两种以上的性别，那么运动员就应该也划分为两种以上的组别。
也就是增加“生为男性，现为女性”和“生为女性，现为男性”组别。
如果只有两种性别，那么你现在认定的性别是无关紧要的，你应该根据你的性别竞争。
我不知道他们是怎么控制睾酮的使用的。这是一种有效的兴奋剂。
我可以想象，从男变女的跨性别运动员会很容易地统治女性出生的运动员。这似乎不公平。
If there are more than 2 sexes then there should be more than 2 divisions to the athletes.
Eg born male now female and born female now male.
If there are only 2 sexes then it's irrelevant what gender you now identify as and you should compete by your sex.
I've no idea how they govern the use of testosterone. It's effectively a performance enhancing drug.
I would imagine the male to female trans athletes would easily dominate the female born athletes. Which seems unfair.
如果有两种以上的性别，那么运动员就应该也划分为两种以上的组别。
也就是增加“生为男性，现为女性”和“生为女性，现为男性”组别。
如果只有两种性别，那么你现在认定的性别是无关紧要的，你应该根据你的性别竞争。
我不知道他们是怎么控制睾酮的使用的。这是一种有效的兴奋剂。
我可以想象，从男变女的跨性别运动员会很容易地统治女性出生的运动员。这似乎不公平。
kitdHampshire
Problem is, trans athletes will almost certainly make the podium when they do compete. For women's sport, that's a major imbalance. A tiny percentage as you say, true, but between them massively over-represented among women medallists.
I don't know the answer, but whichever way you go, one group ends up unhappy.
问题是，变性运动员在比赛时几乎肯定会登上领奖台。对于女子运动来说，这是一个严重的不平衡。你说的比例很小，没错，但在她们中间，变性女性的奖牌获得者的比例大大超过了原生女性。
我不知道答案，但不管你怎么搞，总有一组人不开心。
Problem is, trans athletes will almost certainly make the podium when they do compete. For women's sport, that's a major imbalance. A tiny percentage as you say, true, but between them massively over-represented among women medallists.
I don't know the answer, but whichever way you go, one group ends up unhappy.
问题是，变性运动员在比赛时几乎肯定会登上领奖台。对于女子运动来说，这是一个严重的不平衡。你说的比例很小，没错，但在她们中间，变性女性的奖牌获得者的比例大大超过了原生女性。
我不知道答案，但不管你怎么搞，总有一组人不开心。
skukHampshire
Theres enough trans athletes that could have chosen to not compete but did so anyway. Might never have been an issue otherwise.
有很多变性运动员本可以选择不参加比赛，但他们还是这么做了。否则就不会有这个问题了。
Theres enough trans athletes that could have chosen to not compete but did so anyway. Might never have been an issue otherwise.
有很多变性运动员本可以选择不参加比赛，但他们还是这么做了。否则就不会有这个问题了。
aussieflu999
Women deserve it being in the news. It affects 50% of humans in the UK.
女人应该上新闻。因为这个问题影响了英国50%的人。
Women deserve it being in the news. It affects 50% of humans in the UK.
女人应该上新闻。因为这个问题影响了英国50%的人。
GrayCS
Yeah, because discrimianting against minorities is currently illegal.
是啊，因为歧视少数族裔目前是非法的。
Yeah, because discrimianting against minorities is currently illegal.
是啊，因为歧视少数族裔目前是非法的。
Maxxxmax
Trans participation in sport categorically does not affect all women. Trans people make up a very small proportion of the population, and the chunk that competes in sport is even smaller, so the number of cis women actually affected by it is also a tiny number.
The constant framing of these things as an assault on women is also so disingenuous. Data shows that a majority of women are supportive of trans inclusion, certainly more so than men.
变性人参与体育运动并不绝对影响所有女性。跨性别者在人口中所占的比例非常小，参加体育比赛的人更少，所以受此影响的顺性女性的数量也很小。
不断将这些事情定性为对女性的侵犯也是如此虚伪。数据显示，大多数女性支持包容跨性别者，当然比男性更多。
Trans participation in sport categorically does not affect all women. Trans people make up a very small proportion of the population, and the chunk that competes in sport is even smaller, so the number of cis women actually affected by it is also a tiny number.
The constant framing of these things as an assault on women is also so disingenuous. Data shows that a majority of women are supportive of trans inclusion, certainly more so than men.
变性人参与体育运动并不绝对影响所有女性。跨性别者在人口中所占的比例非常小，参加体育比赛的人更少，所以受此影响的顺性女性的数量也很小。
不断将这些事情定性为对女性的侵犯也是如此虚伪。数据显示，大多数女性支持包容跨性别者，当然比男性更多。
CharlesComm
Yes, I'm sure during some of the largest strikes in the last decade, the 2-4 trans athletes are what really need government action right now.
是的，我相信在过去十年中一些最大的罢工中，2-4名跨性别运动员是现在真正需要政府采取行动的议题。
Yes, I'm sure during some of the largest strikes in the last decade, the 2-4 trans athletes are what really need government action right now.
是的，我相信在过去十年中一些最大的罢工中，2-4名跨性别运动员是现在真正需要政府采取行动的议题。
mrwho995
People really are falling for this culture war crap hook, line, and sinker. Completely failed the country? Just find a minority to hate to distract people with!
人们真的完全被这种文化战争的扯淡给骗了。这个国家是彻底失败了吗？只找一个少数群体来讨厌，来分散人们的注意力！
People really are falling for this culture war crap hook, line, and sinker. Completely failed the country? Just find a minority to hate to distract people with!
人们真的完全被这种文化战争的扯淡给骗了。这个国家是彻底失败了吗？只找一个少数群体来讨厌，来分散人们的注意力！
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