德国在欧盟中为什么占据了如此强大的地位？德国是欧盟最大的经济体，人口最多。然而，它的经济仅占欧盟GDP的21％，但它好像已成为欧洲毋庸置疑的领导者
正文翻译
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评论翻译
Arn Houthooft
Not only is Germany the largest economy in the EU, it's also the economic engine. A lot of European countries have strong lixs with Germany. So if the German economy grows, the other economies will grow as well.
Its central location in Europe is another reason why Germany is so powerful. It has strong connections to West, East and Northern Europe.
Also in numbers it is the largest country of Europe: almost 16% of the EU population is German, which results in 99 out of 736 seats in the European parliament.
德国不仅是欧盟最大的经济体，还是经济引擎。许多欧洲国家都与德国有着紧密联系。因此，如果德国经济增长，其他经济体也会随之增长。 德国在欧洲的中心位置是其如此强大的另一个原因。它与西欧、东欧和北欧有着紧密的联系。 此外，德国也是欧洲最大的国家之一：几乎16％的欧盟人口是德国人，这导致德国在欧洲议会拥有736个席位中的99个。
Pierre Leclercq
Already many answers.
So I will only add one bit.
IMHO, Germany is among the rare (if not single) countries able to manage their finances in a responsible way.
Even, as a French guy, I would be horrified if France was to take over and spread its deficit/debt riddled ways all over Europe.
In fact, this is not only about France, as almost all other countries are doing this, including the USA.
IMHO, Germany desserves to be the leader it is.
Don’t misread me, I am always annoyed when I read about Europe being the German zone, but I acknowledge their positive contribution.
In fact, although less recognized, France brings as much to the table, but in other areas, hence the two historical pillars of the E.U.
And we really have to work, hand in hand, our shared History makes us do it.
已经有很多答案了。
所以我只想补充一点。
我认为，德国是少数能够以负责任的方式管理其财政的国家之一（如果不是单一的）。
甚至，作为一个法国人，如果法国接管并将其充满赤字/债务的方式传播到整个欧洲，我也会感到惊恐。
事实上，这不仅仅是法国的问题，因为几乎所有其他国家都在这样做，包括美国。
我认为，德国理应成为它的领导者。
不要误解我的意思，当我读到欧洲是德国的区域时，我总是很恼火，但我承认他们的积极贡献。
事实上，虽然不太被认可，但法国也带来了同样多的东西，只是在其他领域，因此成为了欧盟的两个历史支柱。
我们真的必须携手合作，我们共同的历史让我们这样做。
Lance LaSalle
Top Ten Reasons Germany dominates Europe
1. German has a large population. The largest in the EU, I believe, far greater than France or the UK.
2. Germany's economy is based on exports, backed by a very solid reputation of German engineering prowess. This helps them to be the biggest contributor to the EU. (They get the greatest benefit from it too, since the great majority of the exports go to the rest of the EU. No tarriffs, same currency=good for export business.)
3. Germany's populace work together in a way some other countries do not: the needs of society really are considered above the needs of the individual.
4. Germany's export-oriented economy depends on deadlines that must be met. This ends up affecting all off society positively.
德国在欧洲占主导地位的十大原因：
1. 德国拥有庞大的人口，是欧盟最大的国家，远远超过法国或英国。
2. 德国的经济以出口为基础，并拥有德国工程技术造诣方面非常坚实的声誉，这使得德国成为欧盟最大的贡献者。（它也从中受益最多，因为绝大部分出口都去了欧盟其他国家。没有关税，同样的货币对于出口业务有好处。）
3. 德国的民众在某些方面比其他国家更加团结：社会的需求真正被考虑在个体需求之上。
4. 德国的出口型经济依赖于必须满足的截止日期。这最终对整个社会产生积极影响。
Top Ten Reasons Germany dominates Europe
1. German has a large population. The largest in the EU, I believe, far greater than France or the UK.
2. Germany's economy is based on exports, backed by a very solid reputation of German engineering prowess. This helps them to be the biggest contributor to the EU. (They get the greatest benefit from it too, since the great majority of the exports go to the rest of the EU. No tarriffs, same currency=good for export business.)
3. Germany's populace work together in a way some other countries do not: the needs of society really are considered above the needs of the individual.
4. Germany's export-oriented economy depends on deadlines that must be met. This ends up affecting all off society positively.
德国在欧洲占主导地位的十大原因：
1. 德国拥有庞大的人口，是欧盟最大的国家，远远超过法国或英国。
2. 德国的经济以出口为基础，并拥有德国工程技术造诣方面非常坚实的声誉，这使得德国成为欧盟最大的贡献者。（它也从中受益最多，因为绝大部分出口都去了欧盟其他国家。没有关税，同样的货币对于出口业务有好处。）
3. 德国的民众在某些方面比其他国家更加团结：社会的需求真正被考虑在个体需求之上。
4. 德国的出口型经济依赖于必须满足的截止日期。这最终对整个社会产生积极影响。
5. Germany is very procedure-oriented. They follow rules well.This kind of approach, while slower and less exciting than some nationalities, enstills a conscientious thoroughness in the German psyche. Which pays off.
6. Germany has a very stable government compared to many EU countries(*cough, cough* Italy, for example)
7. While her star is beginning to wane, Frau Merkel has long been considered the most sensible and practical politician and Europe and whole-heartedly and enthusiastically supports the EU.
8. Germany is risk averse. This pays off in a unx like the EU.
9. Germany is centrally located. Considering its population size and its location, in West Central Europe, along with its access to coast, this gives an advantage that allows it to dominate politically and economically.
10. Germany has delicious beer. And everything that comes with it, including rich and fertile land. Here's a picture of that land.
5. 德国非常注重程序。他们遵循规则做事。这种方法虽然比一些国家的方法慢且不那么令人兴奋，但却给德国人灌输了一种认真、周到的精神。这非常值得。
6. 与许多欧盟国家相比，德国拥有非常稳定的政府（比如意大利）。
7. 虽然她的明星效应开始减弱，但长期以来，默克尔女士一直被认为是欧洲最明智、最实用的政治家，并全心全意地支持欧盟。
8. 德国厌恶风险。这在像欧盟这样的联盟中会发挥作用。
9. 德国位于中心位置。考虑到其人口规模和地理位置（西欧中部），以及其访问沿海的便利性，这给予德国政治和经济方面的优势，使其主导欧洲。
10. 德国有美味的啤酒。以及伴随此而来的一切，包括肥沃的土地。这里是那片土地的照片。
6. Germany has a very stable government compared to many EU countries(*cough, cough* Italy, for example)
7. While her star is beginning to wane, Frau Merkel has long been considered the most sensible and practical politician and Europe and whole-heartedly and enthusiastically supports the EU.
8. Germany is risk averse. This pays off in a unx like the EU.
9. Germany is centrally located. Considering its population size and its location, in West Central Europe, along with its access to coast, this gives an advantage that allows it to dominate politically and economically.
10. Germany has delicious beer. And everything that comes with it, including rich and fertile land. Here's a picture of that land.
5. 德国非常注重程序。他们遵循规则做事。这种方法虽然比一些国家的方法慢且不那么令人兴奋，但却给德国人灌输了一种认真、周到的精神。这非常值得。
6. 与许多欧盟国家相比，德国拥有非常稳定的政府（比如意大利）。
7. 虽然她的明星效应开始减弱，但长期以来，默克尔女士一直被认为是欧洲最明智、最实用的政治家，并全心全意地支持欧盟。
8. 德国厌恶风险。这在像欧盟这样的联盟中会发挥作用。
9. 德国位于中心位置。考虑到其人口规模和地理位置（西欧中部），以及其访问沿海的便利性，这给予德国政治和经济方面的优势，使其主导欧洲。
10. 德国有美味的啤酒。以及伴随此而来的一切，包括肥沃的土地。这里是那片土地的照片。
Arn Houthooft
Not only is Germany the largest economy in the EU, it's also the economic engine. A lot of European countries have strong lixs with Germany. So if the German economy grows, the other economies will grow as well.
Its central location in Europe is another reason why Germany is so powerful. It has strong connections to West, East and Northern Europe.
Also in numbers it is the largest country of Europe: almost 16% of the EU population is German, which results in 99 out of 736 seats in the European parliament.
德国不仅是欧盟最大的经济体，还是经济引擎。许多欧洲国家都与德国有着紧密联系。因此，如果德国经济增长，其他经济体也会随之增长。 德国在欧洲的中心位置是其如此强大的另一个原因。它与西欧、东欧和北欧有着紧密的联系。 此外，德国也是欧洲最大的国家之一：几乎16％的欧盟人口是德国人，这导致德国在欧洲议会拥有736个席位中的99个。
But more important: Germany is aware of its leading role and acts like a leader. Whenever there's an important European summit, Germany will first consult with France, the second most powerful member of the EU. This is actually quite helpful for the efficiency of EU policy making. Germany and France respresent two very different approaches to the EU. Germany is more right-oriented, is in favor of a supranational EU, and a conservative economic policy. France is more left-oriented and in favor of an intra-governmental EU. So they both represent a part of the European member states. When they are able to make an agreement together, it's most often a basis for further debate that is acceptable to all EU member states. If Germany would not take up this leading role, debates in the European council would most likely take much more time.
但更重要的是：德国意识到自己的领导作用，并像一个领导者一样行事。每当有重要的欧洲峰会时，德国会首先与欧盟第二大成员国法国协商。这实际上对欧盟政策制定的效率很有帮助。德国和法国代表了对欧盟的两种非常不同的态度。德国更倾向于右翼，赞成超国家的欧盟，以及保守的经济政策。法国则更偏向于左翼，赞成政府内部的欧盟。所以他们都代表了欧洲成员国的一部分。当他们能够一起达成协议时，这多半是一个进一步辩论的基础，是所有欧盟成员国都能接受的。如果德国不发挥这种主导作用，欧洲理事会的辩论很可能会花费更多的时间。
但更重要的是：德国意识到自己的领导作用，并像一个领导者一样行事。每当有重要的欧洲峰会时，德国会首先与欧盟第二大成员国法国协商。这实际上对欧盟政策制定的效率很有帮助。德国和法国代表了对欧盟的两种非常不同的态度。德国更倾向于右翼，赞成超国家的欧盟，以及保守的经济政策。法国则更偏向于左翼，赞成政府内部的欧盟。所以他们都代表了欧洲成员国的一部分。当他们能够一起达成协议时，这多半是一个进一步辩论的基础，是所有欧盟成员国都能接受的。如果德国不发挥这种主导作用，欧洲理事会的辩论很可能会花费更多的时间。
Jonathan Lowenstein
Because of the Euro.
When the nations of Europe adopted the Euro, without realizing it, they all pegged their economies to the German economy.
If the Germans were still using the Mark, it would be an expensive currency and make buying German products expensive, reducing German exports. The same is true in reverse for the other European states, if they were still using their original currencies, their currencies would be very low against the Mark making their products cheap and German products very expensive. So they would buy less German products anbd the Germans would buy more of their products. This also applies outside of Europe.
Because they are all using the same currency German products (which are incidentally of higher quality then those of other European countries) are very cheap while the products made by other European countries have become very expensive.
The result is a bonanza for Germany and devastating for everyone else. In addition the German contributions to the EU grow (Because they are selling more produce and have more money) while everyone elses drops, so the Euro also makes the Germans more influential.
You may have noticed how cheap German cars are these days.
因为有了欧元。
当欧洲各国采用欧元时，在不知不觉中，他们都将其经济与德国经济挂钩。
如果德国人还在使用马克，它将是一种昂贵的货币，并使购买德国产品变得昂贵，减少德国的出口。其他欧洲国家也是如此，如果他们还在使用原来的货币，他们的货币对马克的汇率就会很低，使他们的产品很便宜，而德国的产品很贵。因此，他们会减少购买德国产品，而德国人则会购买更多他们的产品。这也适用于欧洲以外的地区。
因为他们都在使用同样的货币，德国的产品（顺便说一下，这些产品的质量比其他欧洲国家的要高）非常便宜，而其他欧洲国家的产品则变得非常昂贵。
其结果是对德国来说是一种财富，对其他国家来说是一种破坏。此外，德国对欧盟的贡献也在增长（因为他们销售更多的产品，有更多的钱），而其他国家的贡献却在下降，所以欧元也使德国人更具影响力。
你可能已经注意到这些天德国汽车有多便宜。
Because of the Euro.
When the nations of Europe adopted the Euro, without realizing it, they all pegged their economies to the German economy.
If the Germans were still using the Mark, it would be an expensive currency and make buying German products expensive, reducing German exports. The same is true in reverse for the other European states, if they were still using their original currencies, their currencies would be very low against the Mark making their products cheap and German products very expensive. So they would buy less German products anbd the Germans would buy more of their products. This also applies outside of Europe.
Because they are all using the same currency German products (which are incidentally of higher quality then those of other European countries) are very cheap while the products made by other European countries have become very expensive.
The result is a bonanza for Germany and devastating for everyone else. In addition the German contributions to the EU grow (Because they are selling more produce and have more money) while everyone elses drops, so the Euro also makes the Germans more influential.
You may have noticed how cheap German cars are these days.
因为有了欧元。
当欧洲各国采用欧元时，在不知不觉中，他们都将其经济与德国经济挂钩。
如果德国人还在使用马克，它将是一种昂贵的货币，并使购买德国产品变得昂贵，减少德国的出口。其他欧洲国家也是如此，如果他们还在使用原来的货币，他们的货币对马克的汇率就会很低，使他们的产品很便宜，而德国的产品很贵。因此，他们会减少购买德国产品，而德国人则会购买更多他们的产品。这也适用于欧洲以外的地区。
因为他们都在使用同样的货币，德国的产品（顺便说一下，这些产品的质量比其他欧洲国家的要高）非常便宜，而其他欧洲国家的产品则变得非常昂贵。
其结果是对德国来说是一种财富，对其他国家来说是一种破坏。此外，德国对欧盟的贡献也在增长（因为他们销售更多的产品，有更多的钱），而其他国家的贡献却在下降，所以欧元也使德国人更具影响力。
你可能已经注意到这些天德国汽车有多便宜。
Ralph Lengler
Adding to Arn Houthooft's great answer, Ms. Merkel is Europe's most gifted politician. Further she doesn't abuse her talent for national gain but uses it for the greater good.
She won three elections in a row and her approval rating is at 70%, with the same amount of the electorate (me included) wanting her to stay for a fourth term. And this because she's the most malleable politician in the world with no values at all (beyond government should be democratic and run by the most competent people).
除了 Arn Houthooft 的回答外，还有一个方面值得补充：默克尔女士是欧洲最具天赋的政治家。此外，她不会滥用自己的才华来谋求国家利益，而是将其用于更大的公共利益上。 她连任三次，并且她的支持率为70％，与同样数量的选民（包括我在内）希望她能连任第四个任期。这是因为她是全球最善变的政治家，没有任何价值观（除了认为政府应该是民主和由最有能力的人管理）
Adding to Arn Houthooft's great answer, Ms. Merkel is Europe's most gifted politician. Further she doesn't abuse her talent for national gain but uses it for the greater good.
She won three elections in a row and her approval rating is at 70%, with the same amount of the electorate (me included) wanting her to stay for a fourth term. And this because she's the most malleable politician in the world with no values at all (beyond government should be democratic and run by the most competent people).
除了 Arn Houthooft 的回答外，还有一个方面值得补充：默克尔女士是欧洲最具天赋的政治家。此外，她不会滥用自己的才华来谋求国家利益，而是将其用于更大的公共利益上。 她连任三次，并且她的支持率为70％，与同样数量的选民（包括我在内）希望她能连任第四个任期。这是因为她是全球最善变的政治家，没有任何价值观（除了认为政府应该是民主和由最有能力的人管理）
Angela Merkel has switzerlandized Europe (the by far richest country in Europe), by instilling the following virtues : 1. Telling you to only spend what you earn but bailing you out if true misery befalls you. 2. listening to everybody. 3. talking to everybody. 4. appearing as a neutral arbiter. 5. always striving to strike a deal ("compromise") and therefore turning up in 99% of the cases on the winning side of any argument.
默克尔通过灌输以下美德使欧洲（迄今为止欧洲最富有的国家）瑞士化：1. 告诉你只花你赚的钱，但如果你遇到真正的苦难，就把你保出来。2.倾听每个人的意见。3.与所有人交谈。4. 作为一个中立的仲裁者出现。5.总是努力达成交易（"妥协"），因此在99%的情况下都会站在任何争论的胜利方。
默克尔通过灌输以下美德使欧洲（迄今为止欧洲最富有的国家）瑞士化：1. 告诉你只花你赚的钱，但如果你遇到真正的苦难，就把你保出来。2.倾听每个人的意见。3.与所有人交谈。4. 作为一个中立的仲裁者出现。5.总是努力达成交易（"妥协"），因此在99%的情况下都会站在任何争论的胜利方。
Long story short, Europe finally has got a telephone number and that is Merkel's. This is great news for Europe, because politically Europe punches below it's weight. Interestingly most EU-leaders are happy about it, because everybody perceives her as having the most unthankful job - talking every evening with Putin - saving the Euro, etc. - essentially managing a flea circus - without ever appearing as power wielding because at the end of the day everybody had their say. That's what true leadership is about.
长话短说，欧洲终于有了一个电话号码，那就是默克尔的。这对欧洲来说是个好消息，因为从政治上来说，欧洲的拳头低于它的体重。有趣的是，大多数欧盟领导人对此感到高兴，因为每个人都认为她的工作是最不值得感激的--每天晚上与普京谈话--拯救欧元等等。- 本质上是在管理一个跳蚤马戏团--而不显得有权力，因为到最后每个人都有自己的发言权。这就是真正的领导力。
长话短说，欧洲终于有了一个电话号码，那就是默克尔的。这对欧洲来说是个好消息，因为从政治上来说，欧洲的拳头低于它的体重。有趣的是，大多数欧盟领导人对此感到高兴，因为每个人都认为她的工作是最不值得感激的--每天晚上与普京谈话--拯救欧元等等。- 本质上是在管理一个跳蚤马戏团--而不显得有权力，因为到最后每个人都有自己的发言权。这就是真正的领导力。
Some commenters asked about Merkel's approval rating in other countries. Of all EU leaders, Merkel gets the best ratings - except in the bailed-out countries, where Hollande is the highest rated EU-leader. This is remarkable, because in each country Merkel and/or Hollande are higher rated than their own leadership.
一些评论者询问默克尔在其他国家的支持率。在所有欧盟领导人中，默克尔得到了最好的评分 - 除了那些获得紧急援助的国家，在那里奥朗德是最受欢迎的欧盟领袖。这非常引人注目，因为在每个国家，默克尔和/或奥朗德都比自己的领导层得到更高的评价。
一些评论者询问默克尔在其他国家的支持率。在所有欧盟领导人中，默克尔得到了最好的评分 - 除了那些获得紧急援助的国家，在那里奥朗德是最受欢迎的欧盟领袖。这非常引人注目，因为在每个国家，默克尔和/或奥朗德都比自己的领导层得到更高的评价。
Pierre Leclercq
Already many answers.
So I will only add one bit.
IMHO, Germany is among the rare (if not single) countries able to manage their finances in a responsible way.
Even, as a French guy, I would be horrified if France was to take over and spread its deficit/debt riddled ways all over Europe.
In fact, this is not only about France, as almost all other countries are doing this, including the USA.
IMHO, Germany desserves to be the leader it is.
Don’t misread me, I am always annoyed when I read about Europe being the German zone, but I acknowledge their positive contribution.
In fact, although less recognized, France brings as much to the table, but in other areas, hence the two historical pillars of the E.U.
And we really have to work, hand in hand, our shared History makes us do it.
已经有很多答案了。
所以我只想补充一点。
我认为，德国是少数能够以负责任的方式管理其财政的国家之一（如果不是单一的）。
甚至，作为一个法国人，如果法国接管并将其充满赤字/债务的方式传播到整个欧洲，我也会感到惊恐。
事实上，这不仅仅是法国的问题，因为几乎所有其他国家都在这样做，包括美国。
我认为，德国理应成为它的领导者。
不要误解我的意思，当我读到欧洲是德国的区域时，我总是很恼火，但我承认他们的积极贡献。
事实上，虽然不太被认可，但法国也带来了同样多的东西，只是在其他领域，因此成为了欧盟的两个历史支柱。
我们真的必须携手合作，我们共同的历史让我们这样做。
Jobst von Steinsdorff
While you may argue that Germany often informally claims the role as an opinion leader in the EU, the formal power of Germany (and of other large countries in the EU as well) is actually disproportionally low.
The EU has two legislative bodies, which are the Council of the European unx and the European Parliament. The Council - roughly speaking - has 28 members, one for each member state and it's strictly one country, one vote - the same vote for Malta (the smallest member) as for Germany. Presidency in the council has some impact on its decision making, but presidency rotates with every member contry being in charge for six months. The same six months for everyone, Malta or Germany or whoever, at the time of writing this answer it's Latvia.
虽然你可能会说，德国经常非正式地声称在欧盟中扮演意见领袖的角色，但德国（以及欧盟中的其他大国也是如此）的正式权力实际上是不成比例的低。
欧盟有两个立法机构，即欧盟理事会和欧洲议会。理事会--大致上--有28个成员，每个成员国有一个，严格来说是一国一票--马耳他（最小的成员国）和德国的投票权相同。理事会主席国对其决策有一定影响，但主席国是轮流担任的，每个成员国负责6个月。每个人都是同样的六个月，马耳他或德国或谁，在写这个答案的时候，是拉脱维亚。
While you may argue that Germany often informally claims the role as an opinion leader in the EU, the formal power of Germany (and of other large countries in the EU as well) is actually disproportionally low.
The EU has two legislative bodies, which are the Council of the European unx and the European Parliament. The Council - roughly speaking - has 28 members, one for each member state and it's strictly one country, one vote - the same vote for Malta (the smallest member) as for Germany. Presidency in the council has some impact on its decision making, but presidency rotates with every member contry being in charge for six months. The same six months for everyone, Malta or Germany or whoever, at the time of writing this answer it's Latvia.
虽然你可能会说，德国经常非正式地声称在欧盟中扮演意见领袖的角色，但德国（以及欧盟中的其他大国也是如此）的正式权力实际上是不成比例的低。
欧盟有两个立法机构，即欧盟理事会和欧洲议会。理事会--大致上--有28个成员，每个成员国有一个，严格来说是一国一票--马耳他（最小的成员国）和德国的投票权相同。理事会主席国对其决策有一定影响，但主席国是轮流担任的，每个成员国负责6个月。每个人都是同样的六个月，马耳他或德国或谁，在写这个答案的时候，是拉脱维亚。
The European Parliament currently has 751 members, seats are generally allocated according to population (not GDP) with a "degression", meaning that the larger the country the more people are represented by one member of parliament. Currently German members make up for 96 seats (i.e. 12.8% of the seats), while Germany makes up for more than 16% of the EU poulation. Malta on the other hand holds 6 seats in parliament (i.e. 0.8%), while only being 0.1% of the total EU population. Fine, the incumbent president of the parliament is a German national, however the person chairing may not vote, so Germany's influence even diminishes more ...
欧洲议会目前有751名议员，席位一般根据人口（而不是GDP）进行分配，有一个 "递减"，即国家越大，一名议员所代表的人口越多。目前德国议员占96个席位（即12.8%的席位），而德国占欧盟人口的16%以上。另一方面，马耳他在议会中拥有6个席位（即0.8%），而其人口仅占欧盟总人口的0.1%。好吧，现任议会主席是德国人，但是主持会议的人可能没有投票权，所以德国的影响力甚至会更小......
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
欧洲议会目前有751名议员，席位一般根据人口（而不是GDP）进行分配，有一个 "递减"，即国家越大，一名议员所代表的人口越多。目前德国议员占96个席位（即12.8%的席位），而德国占欧盟人口的16%以上。另一方面，马耳他在议会中拥有6个席位（即0.8%），而其人口仅占欧盟总人口的0.1%。好吧，现任议会主席是德国人，但是主持会议的人可能没有投票权，所以德国的影响力甚至会更小......
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Another important institution is the Comission which is the executive branch of the EU with 28 comissioners, one originating from each member country. Same goes for the European Court of Justice which has - you bet - 28 judges, one coming from ... you will guess. Well here we have also 9 advocate generals, where 6 are nominated by Germany, France, Italy, the UK, Spain and Poland - simply the six largest members with the other 3 positions rotating among the remaining member states.
That being said, you already mentioned Germany makes up for more than 20% of the EU GDP and not surprisingly contributes also over 20% of the EU budget.
另一个重要的机构是欧盟委员会，它是欧盟的行政部门，有28名委员，每个成员国都有一名委员。欧洲法院也是如此，它有--你打赌--28名法官，其中一名来自......你会猜到。在这里，我们也有9名检察长，其中6名由德国、法国、意大利、英国、西班牙和波兰提名--仅仅是六个最大的成员，其他三个职位由其余成员国轮流担任。
也就是说，你已经提到了德国占欧盟GDP的20%以上，毫不奇怪，它也贡献了欧盟预算的20%以上。
That being said, you already mentioned Germany makes up for more than 20% of the EU GDP and not surprisingly contributes also over 20% of the EU budget.
另一个重要的机构是欧盟委员会，它是欧盟的行政部门，有28名委员，每个成员国都有一名委员。欧洲法院也是如此，它有--你打赌--28名法官，其中一名来自......你会猜到。在这里，我们也有9名检察长，其中6名由德国、法国、意大利、英国、西班牙和波兰提名--仅仅是六个最大的成员，其他三个职位由其余成员国轮流担任。
也就是说，你已经提到了德国占欧盟GDP的20%以上，毫不奇怪，它也贡献了欧盟预算的20%以上。
So how is Germany disproportionally powerful? Its technical means of influencing EU politics are actually smaller than any "share" Germany could justifiably have in the EU. One thing Germany does however is actively engaging in EU politics and as usual people who do things will make an impact. The perception of Germany being disproportionally powerful may mostly come from the lack of activity shown by other countries in EU politics. It's up to them to change that, they have every possibility do so.
And by the way: The European view shouldn't be that someone represents a country, but Europe. Hardly any national politician will take a view that he is mainly around to serve the interest of his or her electoral ward.
那么，德国是如何不相称地强大的呢？它影响欧盟政治的技术手段实际上比德国在欧盟中的任何 "份额 "都要小。不过，有一点德国是积极地参与欧盟政治的，像往常一样，做事的人都会产生影响。人们对德国强大得不成比例的看法可能主要来自于其他国家在欧盟政治中表现出的不活跃。这要靠他们自己来改变，他们完全有可能这样做。
顺便说一下： 欧洲的观点不应该是某人代表一个国家，而是代表欧洲。几乎没有一个国家的政治家会认为他主要是为其选区的利益服务的。
And by the way: The European view shouldn't be that someone represents a country, but Europe. Hardly any national politician will take a view that he is mainly around to serve the interest of his or her electoral ward.
那么，德国是如何不相称地强大的呢？它影响欧盟政治的技术手段实际上比德国在欧盟中的任何 "份额 "都要小。不过，有一点德国是积极地参与欧盟政治的，像往常一样，做事的人都会产生影响。人们对德国强大得不成比例的看法可能主要来自于其他国家在欧盟政治中表现出的不活跃。这要靠他们自己来改变，他们完全有可能这样做。
顺便说一下： 欧洲的观点不应该是某人代表一个国家，而是代表欧洲。几乎没有一个国家的政治家会认为他主要是为其选区的利益服务的。
Ghosh Babu
As an ASIAN outsider I would say
ITS THE EURO.
Same currency shared with countries that have significantly less infrastructure and productivity means that German goods are always cheaper (subsidized by EU) than it should be. Its a 1st Standard Macroeconomics.
There is a tendency among common people to attach country / individual productivity to peoples working capacity/style but all economists will agree its more of a mixture of Infrastructure, Education and Political Condition of the country (it has ABSOLUTELY nothing to do with HUMAN behavior or Intelligence or working style like some other answers mention). Those people who believe that will go crazy in Singapore/Japan/ Korea (countries with higher GDP/capita).
Euro makes German goods more competitive and other countries can not resist that because they can not adjust the currency.
In addition Germany is using this additional power (which is natural) to force austerity measure on other countries (like Greece).
But cumulatively all EU productivity is UP because of this unx. That is the positive thing.
There was a talk (mostly in Media) of such currency unx in Asia (during 2008 crisis) in order to increase trade of Asia. But that meant Chinese dominance in Asia. So nothing happened.
作为一个亚洲的局外人，我想说是欧元。与那些基础设施和生产力明显不足的国家共享同一货币，意味着德国的商品总是比它应该的更便宜（由欧盟补贴）。这是一个第一标准的宏观经济学。普通人有一种倾向，将国家/个人的生产力与人们的工作能力/方式联系起来，但所有的经济学家都会同意，这更多的是国家的基础设施、教育和政治条件的混合物（这与人类的行为或智力或工作方式绝对没有关系，就像其他一些答案提到的）。那些相信这些的人在新加坡/日本/韩国（GDP/人均较高的国家）会疯掉。欧元使德国商品更具竞争力，其他国家无法抵制，因为他们无法调整货币。此外，德国正在利用这种额外的力量（这是自然的）来迫使其他国家（如希腊）采取紧缩措施。但是，由于这个联盟，所有欧盟的生产力累积起来是上升的。这就是积极的一面。有一种说法（主要是在媒体上），在亚洲建立这种货币联盟（在2008年危机期间），以增加亚洲的贸易。但这意味着中国在亚洲的主导地位。所以什么都没有发生。
As an ASIAN outsider I would say
ITS THE EURO.
Same currency shared with countries that have significantly less infrastructure and productivity means that German goods are always cheaper (subsidized by EU) than it should be. Its a 1st Standard Macroeconomics.
There is a tendency among common people to attach country / individual productivity to peoples working capacity/style but all economists will agree its more of a mixture of Infrastructure, Education and Political Condition of the country (it has ABSOLUTELY nothing to do with HUMAN behavior or Intelligence or working style like some other answers mention). Those people who believe that will go crazy in Singapore/Japan/ Korea (countries with higher GDP/capita).
Euro makes German goods more competitive and other countries can not resist that because they can not adjust the currency.
In addition Germany is using this additional power (which is natural) to force austerity measure on other countries (like Greece).
But cumulatively all EU productivity is UP because of this unx. That is the positive thing.
There was a talk (mostly in Media) of such currency unx in Asia (during 2008 crisis) in order to increase trade of Asia. But that meant Chinese dominance in Asia. So nothing happened.
作为一个亚洲的局外人，我想说是欧元。与那些基础设施和生产力明显不足的国家共享同一货币，意味着德国的商品总是比它应该的更便宜（由欧盟补贴）。这是一个第一标准的宏观经济学。普通人有一种倾向，将国家/个人的生产力与人们的工作能力/方式联系起来，但所有的经济学家都会同意，这更多的是国家的基础设施、教育和政治条件的混合物（这与人类的行为或智力或工作方式绝对没有关系，就像其他一些答案提到的）。那些相信这些的人在新加坡/日本/韩国（GDP/人均较高的国家）会疯掉。欧元使德国商品更具竞争力，其他国家无法抵制，因为他们无法调整货币。此外，德国正在利用这种额外的力量（这是自然的）来迫使其他国家（如希腊）采取紧缩措施。但是，由于这个联盟，所有欧盟的生产力累积起来是上升的。这就是积极的一面。有一种说法（主要是在媒体上），在亚洲建立这种货币联盟（在2008年危机期间），以增加亚洲的贸易。但这意味着中国在亚洲的主导地位。所以什么都没有发生。
Götz Kluge
I think we Germans are just lucky. I lived in less lucky regions. Since hundreds of years Germans absorbed knowledge and experiences from many different cultures (without openly acknowledging that). We use our neighbours as trouble buffer (without openly acknowledging that either). We are located in the center of Europe and have a relatively large (but not too large) population. The climate is perfect. And Germany undeservedly got a good restart after WW2.
A joke from a Danish friend:
He: “Admittedly you Germans have something we Danish don’t have.”
Me (proud): “What is that?”
He: “Good neighbours.”
我认为我们德国人只是幸运。我曾生活在不那么幸运的地区。几百年来，德国人吸收了许多不同文化的知识和经验（没有公开承认这一点）。我们把邻居当作麻烦的缓冲器（也没有公开承认这一点）。我们位于欧洲的中心，人口相对较多（但不是太多）。气候很完美。而德国在二战后不应该得到良好的重启。
一个丹麦朋友的笑话：
他："诚然，你们德国人有我们丹麦人没有的东西。"
我（自豪）： "那是什么？"
他："好邻居。"
I think we Germans are just lucky. I lived in less lucky regions. Since hundreds of years Germans absorbed knowledge and experiences from many different cultures (without openly acknowledging that). We use our neighbours as trouble buffer (without openly acknowledging that either). We are located in the center of Europe and have a relatively large (but not too large) population. The climate is perfect. And Germany undeservedly got a good restart after WW2.
A joke from a Danish friend:
He: “Admittedly you Germans have something we Danish don’t have.”
Me (proud): “What is that?”
He: “Good neighbours.”
我认为我们德国人只是幸运。我曾生活在不那么幸运的地区。几百年来，德国人吸收了许多不同文化的知识和经验（没有公开承认这一点）。我们把邻居当作麻烦的缓冲器（也没有公开承认这一点）。我们位于欧洲的中心，人口相对较多（但不是太多）。气候很完美。而德国在二战后不应该得到良好的重启。
一个丹麦朋友的笑话：
他："诚然，你们德国人有我们丹麦人没有的东西。"
我（自豪）： "那是什么？"
他："好邻居。"
Marek Polanowski
Germany is not dominating Europe, despite its size in population, economy and territory. In fast it is the country with the greatest number of people per MEP. Germany is in fact severely underrepresented. I don`t know where this myth of disproportionately powerful Germany comes from but having the largest number of MEPs doesn`t make majority of MEPs. Luxembourg is overrepresented. With a population of 500 000, it has 6 MEPs, while Germany with a population of 80 mln, only 96.
尽管德国在人口、经济和领土方面都很庞大，但它并没有主宰欧洲。它是每个欧洲议会议员拥有最多人口的国家。事实上，德国的代表权严重不足。我不知道这个关于德国强大的神话是怎么来的，但拥有最多的欧洲议会议员并不意味着欧洲议会议员的多数。卢森堡的代表人数过多。卢森堡有50万人口，却有6名欧洲议会议员，而德国有8000万人口，只有96名。
Germany is not dominating Europe, despite its size in population, economy and territory. In fast it is the country with the greatest number of people per MEP. Germany is in fact severely underrepresented. I don`t know where this myth of disproportionately powerful Germany comes from but having the largest number of MEPs doesn`t make majority of MEPs. Luxembourg is overrepresented. With a population of 500 000, it has 6 MEPs, while Germany with a population of 80 mln, only 96.
尽管德国在人口、经济和领土方面都很庞大，但它并没有主宰欧洲。它是每个欧洲议会议员拥有最多人口的国家。事实上，德国的代表权严重不足。我不知道这个关于德国强大的神话是怎么来的，但拥有最多的欧洲议会议员并不意味着欧洲议会议员的多数。卢森堡的代表人数过多。卢森堡有50万人口，却有6名欧洲议会议员，而德国有8000万人口，只有96名。
Jos Buurman
Germany is not disproportional powerful in the EU.
When we look at GDP we find that Germany’s GDP influence is about 25% larger than the number two on the list, France.
Further more, where the French economy depends for about 30% on exports, the German economy depends for almost 50% on exports.
The third largest EU member is the UK (sigh…), which economy is also more inward oriented (30% of the GDP is export). {1]
This itself gives a greater motivation to push towards integration and collaboration.
德国在欧盟中的实力并不是不成比例的。
当我们看GDP时，我们发现德国的GDP影响力比排名第二的法国大25%左右。
此外，法国经济约有30%依赖出口，而德国经济则有近50%依赖出口。
欧盟第三大成员国是英国（叹气......），其经济也更倾向于内向型（30%的GDP为出口）。
这本身就给了推动一体化和协作的更大动力。
Germany is not disproportional powerful in the EU.
When we look at GDP we find that Germany’s GDP influence is about 25% larger than the number two on the list, France.
Further more, where the French economy depends for about 30% on exports, the German economy depends for almost 50% on exports.
The third largest EU member is the UK (sigh…), which economy is also more inward oriented (30% of the GDP is export). {1]
This itself gives a greater motivation to push towards integration and collaboration.
德国在欧盟中的实力并不是不成比例的。
当我们看GDP时，我们发现德国的GDP影响力比排名第二的法国大25%左右。
此外，法国经济约有30%依赖出口，而德国经济则有近50%依赖出口。
欧盟第三大成员国是英国（叹气......），其经济也更倾向于内向型（30%的GDP为出口）。
这本身就给了推动一体化和协作的更大动力。
Furthermore the Germans are the only people who understand what it’s like to unite two separate nations into one, and the struggle that follows afterwards. They know it can be done, but not without sacrifice.
The combined GNI/capita (current internat. USD) is some 25% higher than France and the UK. Based on economic policy Germany easily beat France and the UK. Germany is the example of what’s possible when you work for it and are willing to pay the price.
此外，德国人是唯一知道将两个独立的国家合并成一个以及随之而来的挑战的人。他们知道这可以做到，但不是没有牺牲。德国的国民总收入/人均收入（目前的国际美元）比法国和英国高出约25%。基于经济政策，德国轻松超过法国和英国。德国是如果你为此而努力，并且愿意付出代价，就能实现的榜样。
The combined GNI/capita (current internat. USD) is some 25% higher than France and the UK. Based on economic policy Germany easily beat France and the UK. Germany is the example of what’s possible when you work for it and are willing to pay the price.
此外，德国人是唯一知道将两个独立的国家合并成一个以及随之而来的挑战的人。他们知道这可以做到，但不是没有牺牲。德国的国民总收入/人均收入（目前的国际美元）比法国和英国高出约25%。基于经济政策，德国轻松超过法国和英国。德国是如果你为此而努力，并且愿意付出代价，就能实现的榜样。
During recent years they have been pushing that vision. They were harsh on Greece (work for it) and easy on refugees of war (paying the price).
In the mean time the UK was trying to cut the ties with the EU, and France appeared silent. It’s this vision that puts Germany in the spotlight and because of that as apparent leader.
在最近几年，他们一直在推动这个愿景。他们对希腊采取了强硬态度（努力工作），而对战争难民则较为宽容（付出代价）。与此同时，英国试图切断与欧盟的联系，而法国显得沉默。正是这种愿景将德国置于聚光灯下，并因此成为明显的领袖。
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In the mean time the UK was trying to cut the ties with the EU, and France appeared silent. It’s this vision that puts Germany in the spotlight and because of that as apparent leader.
在最近几年，他们一直在推动这个愿景。他们对希腊采取了强硬态度（努力工作），而对战争难民则较为宽容（付出代价）。与此同时，英国试图切断与欧盟的联系，而法国显得沉默。正是这种愿景将德国置于聚光灯下，并因此成为明显的领袖。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
But while this vision earns them the spotlight, it does not mean that Germany has a disproportional influence on the EU. That’s not how the EU works, it’s based on collaboration instead of powerplay. And when you don’t like the package deal you can always leave (and pay the price).
The Germans can take this “leadership” position because the two contenders are focused inward too much.
When you want to be a leader show you are one, and both the UK and France failed to do that.
但是，虽然这种愿景为他们赢得了聚光灯，但并不意味着德国在欧盟中拥有不成比例的影响力。这不是欧盟运作的方式，它是基于合作而非强权游戏的。当你不喜欢套餐交易时，你总可以选择离开（并付出代价）。德国可以扮演“领袖”的角色是因为其他两个竞争者过于关注内部问题。当你想成为领袖时，要表现出你是一个领袖，而英国和法国都没有做到这一点。
The Germans can take this “leadership” position because the two contenders are focused inward too much.
When you want to be a leader show you are one, and both the UK and France failed to do that.
但是，虽然这种愿景为他们赢得了聚光灯，但并不意味着德国在欧盟中拥有不成比例的影响力。这不是欧盟运作的方式，它是基于合作而非强权游戏的。当你不喜欢套餐交易时，你总可以选择离开（并付出代价）。德国可以扮演“领袖”的角色是因为其他两个竞争者过于关注内部问题。当你想成为领袖时，要表现出你是一个领袖，而英国和法国都没有做到这一点。
Christian Benesch
Not sure what's unclear here.
If you have 27 member states (each of them representing 1/27=4% of all states).
And one state actually takes up 21% of the economy. That's a disproportionately dominant position. Same for France at 15.5% and the UK at 16%, as per your own list.
Each of these have disproportionate influence because of their size and economic performance and international clout.
German leadership, though, is interdependent. They don't rule Europe.
不确定这里有什么不清楚的。
如果你有27个成员国（每个代表所有国家的1/27=4％）。
而一个国家实际上占据经济总量的21％。这就是一个不成比例的主导地位。同样，在您自己列出的名单中，法国为15.5％，英国为16％，每一个国家都有不成比例的影响力，因为它们的规模和经济表现以及国际影响力。
然而，德国的领导层是相互依存的。他们不统治欧洲。
Not sure what's unclear here.
If you have 27 member states (each of them representing 1/27=4% of all states).
And one state actually takes up 21% of the economy. That's a disproportionately dominant position. Same for France at 15.5% and the UK at 16%, as per your own list.
Each of these have disproportionate influence because of their size and economic performance and international clout.
German leadership, though, is interdependent. They don't rule Europe.
不确定这里有什么不清楚的。
如果你有27个成员国（每个代表所有国家的1/27=4％）。
而一个国家实际上占据经济总量的21％。这就是一个不成比例的主导地位。同样，在您自己列出的名单中，法国为15.5％，英国为16％，每一个国家都有不成比例的影响力，因为它们的规模和经济表现以及国际影响力。
然而，德国的领导层是相互依存的。他们不统治欧洲。
Pierre Moller
I shall not discuss wether or not Germany’s power is disproportionate, but I will give a hint to those who believe it is.
Germany has had and still has a strength in European negotiations, to have a Chancellor, the head of government Angela Merkel, who is in charge for a long time and enjoys a support from her citizens that is higher than any other European leader could even dream of. This gives her, and therefore her country, a wildcard in any negotiation.
Maybe she is also smarter than other leaders. I once read a quotation by a former Russian official that she is the only foreign leader that Putin respects.
Germany would not be in such a position with a government ran by, say… Boris Johnson.
我不会讨论德国的权力是否不相称，但我会给那些认为它不相称的人一个提示。
德国在欧洲谈判中曾经并仍然拥有一个优势，那就是拥有一位长期执政的总理，即政府首脑安格拉-默克尔（Angela Merkel），并享有来自其公民的支持，这甚至高于任何其他欧洲领导人所梦想的。这使她，以及她的国家，在任何谈判中都是一张通配符。
也许她也比其他领导人更聪明。我曾经读过一位前俄罗斯官员的一段话：她是普京唯一尊重的外国领导人。
如果德国的政府是由鲍里斯-约翰逊（Boris Johnson）管理，那么德国就不会处于这样的地位。
I shall not discuss wether or not Germany’s power is disproportionate, but I will give a hint to those who believe it is.
Germany has had and still has a strength in European negotiations, to have a Chancellor, the head of government Angela Merkel, who is in charge for a long time and enjoys a support from her citizens that is higher than any other European leader could even dream of. This gives her, and therefore her country, a wildcard in any negotiation.
Maybe she is also smarter than other leaders. I once read a quotation by a former Russian official that she is the only foreign leader that Putin respects.
Germany would not be in such a position with a government ran by, say… Boris Johnson.
我不会讨论德国的权力是否不相称，但我会给那些认为它不相称的人一个提示。
德国在欧洲谈判中曾经并仍然拥有一个优势，那就是拥有一位长期执政的总理，即政府首脑安格拉-默克尔（Angela Merkel），并享有来自其公民的支持，这甚至高于任何其他欧洲领导人所梦想的。这使她，以及她的国家，在任何谈判中都是一张通配符。
也许她也比其他领导人更聪明。我曾经读过一位前俄罗斯官员的一段话：她是普京唯一尊重的外国领导人。
如果德国的政府是由鲍里斯-约翰逊（Boris Johnson）管理，那么德国就不会处于这样的地位。
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