QA:中国企业如何从墨西哥和越南向美国出口赚这么多钱?合并KB和AS回答
2023-12-07 Aya Shawn 10523
正文翻译

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Aya Shawn
master in Computer Science, National University of SingaporeSep 8
This is an interesting business phenomenon.

这是一个有趣的商业现象。
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


1. China’s industrial transfer (active transfer)
After 30 years of rapid development, China's society has entered the level of a middle-to-high-income country.
In 2022, Chinese people will buy 25 million cars, and per capita GDP will reach US$12,000.
In this case, if you want a Chinese to turn a screw on the production line, or sew a shirt, their monthly salary requirements are often more than $1,000.
But, it's only $300 for a Vietnamese or a Bangladeshi to do the same thing. What do you think the Chinese company will do?
Yes, as early as a few years ago, Chinese enterprises have already begun to transfer abroad. The first thing to be transferred is clothing, toys, shoes and other industries with a high proportion of labor.

1.中国产业转移(主动转移)
经过30年的快速发展,中国社会已进入中高收入国家水平。
2022年,中国人购买了2500万辆汽车,人均GDP超过了1.2万美元。
在这种情况下,如果你想让一个中国人在生产线上拧螺丝,或者缝一件衬衫,他们的月薪要求往往是超过1,000 美元。
但是,越南人或孟加拉国人做同样的事情只需少于300美元。您认为中国企业应该怎么办?
是的,早在几年前,中国企业就已经开始向海外转移。最先转移的是服装、玩具、鞋业等劳动力比例较高的行业。

Just because an enterprise or factory has moved to Vietnam does not mean that it has no connection with China. For the production of clothes, toys, shoes, household appliances. They need upstream support. Equipment, computers, software, buttons, batteries, switches, wiring, paint, circuit boards, everything.
from where? Can only be imported from China.
Therefore, the transfer of industries is accompanied by a sharp increase in China's exports to target countries.

一家企业或工厂搬到越南并不意味着它与中国再也没有联系。为了生产衣服、玩具、鞋、小家电,他们需要上游支持。设备、计算机、软件、按钮、电池、开关、电线、油漆、电路板,一切关键的零部件。
从哪里来?只能从中国进口。
因此,产业转移伴随着中国对目标国出口的大幅增长。

2. Decoupling of the United States and the European unx (passive transfer)
Since Trump launched the trade war, the United States and the European unx have begun to "decouple" from China. They said "Hey! Let's not do business with China, don't buy Chinese stuff, okay?" In order to force importers and consumers, they imposed too high tariffs and created a sanction list with only one purpose, to prevent the sale of Chinese goods.
However, what will happen to people’s lives without Chinese products?

2、美国与欧盟对华脱钩(被动转移)
自特朗普发动贸易战以来,美国与欧盟开始玩和中国“脱钩”和“去风险”。他们说:“嘿!我们不要和中国做生意,不要买中国的东西,好吗?”为了迫使进口商和消费者服从,他们向中国商品征收过高的关税,并制定了制裁清单,目的只有一个,就是阻止中国商品的进口和销售。
然而,如果没有中国产品,这些国家的居民生活将会怎样?

So they need to find a replacement. Some countries with large populations and low wages are the best choices: Mexico, Vietnam for example. They signed trade deals, lowered tariffs for these countries, and hoped they would replace China. It's a pretty naive idea: New cheap suppliers replace old ones, with nothing to lose.

所以他们需要寻找替代者。一些人口多、工资低的国家是最好的选择:例如墨西哥、越南。他们签署了贸易协议,降低了这些国家的关税,并希望他们能够取代中国。这是一个相当天真的想法:新的廉价供应商取代旧供应商,他们在政治和经济上打击了中国,同时也没有什么可损失的。

However, businessmen in Vietnam and Mexico soon discovered that they simply could not make these items (or it was more expensive to make them than in China). The easier way is to import from China, label it with Mexican or Vietnamese labels, and sell it to Americans or Europeans.
Another strange line appeared: China exported semi-finished or finished products, and Vietnam and Mexico completed the final assembly and outer packaging.
Finally exported to America and Europe.

然而,越南和墨西哥的商人很快发现他们根本无法制造这些物品(或者制造它们比在中国更昂贵)。更简单的方法是从中国进口,简单装配,然后贴上墨西哥或越南标签,最后卖给美国人或欧洲人。
另一条奇怪的线路出现了:中国出口半成品或成品,越南和墨西哥完成最后的组装和外包装。
最后出口到美国和欧洲。

3. Everyone wins The Chinese found that their exports were not reduced.
From January to July 2023, China's total exports increased by 3.1%.
Vietnam and Mexico saw a massive increase in their exports and imports, and people made more money.
Politicians in the United States and the European unx are finding that trade decoupling from China is paying off. Imports from China fell.
All three parties are very happy.
In this interesting story, there is no loser.

3、大家都是赢家 中国人发现他们的出口并没有减少。
2023年1月至7月,中国出口总额增长3.1%。
越南和墨西哥的进出口大幅增长,人们赚了更多的钱。
美国和欧盟的政客发现与中国的贸易脱钩正在取得成效,来自中国的进口确实下降了一些。
三方都很高兴。
在这个有趣的故事中,似乎没有失败者。

评论翻译
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TK Tan
· Sep 8
Who says there is no loser? The American consumers are all fxxk losers. Originally Chinese entrepreneurs made 10% by exporting to US. Now they still made 10% at lower freight charges. Vietnamese or Mexican business import from China and sell to US with freight charges and handling cost added plus another 10%. So dump dump American consumers end up paying extras probably another 15 to 20%. This is how fxxking US politicians is teaching their voters to touch their left ear with right from behind…..just to feel good……..oh my God whu US politicians are no brain or probably pig brains….,that is why Chinese like to eat pork especially roasted pork……….

谁说没有失败者?美国消费者都是TMD失败者。原来中国企业家通过向美国出口赚了10%。现在他们仍然以较低的运费赚取 10% 的利润。越南或墨西哥企业从中国进口并销往美国,运费和装卸费另加10%。因此,美国消费者最终可能还要支付 15% 到 20% 的额外费用。这就是该死的美国政客如何教他们的选民从后面用右手触摸他们的左耳......只是为了感觉良好......天哪,美国政客没有大脑或者可能是猪脑......,这就是为什么中国人喜欢吃猪肉尤其是烤猪肉……。
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


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Vojislav Kovačević
· Sep 8
It was sarcasm :)

这只是答主的讽刺

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Jhon Halim
· Sep 12
and we are witnessing the Fed's hawkish attraction of raising interest rates to reduce inflation in the USA, clown show hahahah

而我们正在目睹美联储加息降低美国通胀,鹰派的努力,小丑的表演哈哈哈

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Tao Yang
· Sep 10
Middle man added in the trading process

这意思是交易过程中添加中间人

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Srash
· Sep 9
Basically, the label was just changed. Hey, at least more business for the smaller countries.

基本上,只是改了下标签标签。嘿,至少给小国家带来更多生意。

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Dave Ch
· Sep 10
Heh.. so the USA putting tariffs on China is the best win win win it's ever managed to do, albeit unintentionally. Now China diversifies and helps global South develop by exporting its dirty manufacturing, the USA can say it is derisking, and global south gets some of that USA trade money that otherwise would have gone to tariffs, and USA consumers just pay a bit more to the world and less to uncle scam.

呵呵..所以美国对中国征收关税是它有史以来取得的最好的双赢胜利,尽管是无意的。现在,中国通过出口其AZ的制造业实现多元化并帮助全球南方发展,美国可以说它正在降低风险,而全球南方获得了一些美国贸易资金,否则这些资金将用于关税,而美国消费者只需向美国支付更多的费用,世界上又多了一个山姆大叔的骗局。

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Tomy Chang
· Nov 26
You forgot the Chinese influence on global south is increasing what a good day except for western consumer.

你忘记了中国对南半球的影响力正在增加,除了西方消费者之外,所有人的日子都更美好了。

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Yang
· Sep 9
U can't beat the Chinese. They will find a way to overcome adversity!

你打不过中国人。他们一定会找到克服逆境的道路!
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


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Umair Ahmed
· Sat
They don’t actually need to find a way, all roads lead to China, hahaha,

他们其实不需要找路,条条大路都通中国,哈哈哈,

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Quang Tuấn Bùi
· Sep 11
You don't consider the scenario: On a fine day, Chinese businesses heed the Chinese government's order to simultaneously raise product prices, either as a speculative move to exert pressure on the US and EU? If they shift to Vietnam, can they do it ?

你没考虑这样的情况:在环境好的时候,中国企业听从中国政府的命令,同时提高产品价格,这可能是为了向美国和欧盟施加压力的投机行为?如果他们转移到越南,他们还能控制这些企业吗?

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Andy Fu
· Nov 10
That’s not how business or economy work.
Chinese government don’t have the power to rise the price of all product from China. Depict what you heard from the Western media, China is a market economy, CPC is a player in the market, not the game master.
Government can rise and due their currency to make their export cheaper or more expensive, but the range is like +/- 10%. They could also stop easy export of some technology or material goods, but that’s not going to stop the trading of those technology or material. Black market and smugger will fill in the gap.

这不是商业或经济的运作方式。
中国政府没有权力提高所有来自中国的产品的价格。修正一下你从西方媒体听到的,中国是市场经济,政府是市场的参与者,而不是游戏的主人。
政府可以通过货币升值或贬值来降低或提高出口价格,但幅度约为 +/- 10%。他们还可以阻止某些技术或材料的轻松出口,但这不会阻止这些技术或材料的贸易。否则黑市和走私将填补这一空白。

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Kelvin Ong
· Sep 12
Inflation there is through the roof.

美国的通货膨胀已经达到顶峰。
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


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Deven
· Sep 12
The Chinese can indeed continue to sell their stuff, but this always affects their profits and makes it harder for them to make money, right?
So it makes sense.

中国人确实可以继续卖他们的东西,但是这总让他们的利润受到了影响,他们赚钱变得更难了不是吗。
所以这是有意义的。

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Jim sm
· Sep 12
You mean, in order for the Chinese to make less money, Americans should spend more?
In order to make the Chinese sneeze, we have to eat shit?
Your logic is really weird

你的意思是,为了让中国人少赚点钱,美国人就应该多花钱?
为了让中国人打喷嚏,我们就得吃屎?
你的逻辑真的很奇怪

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Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
· Sep 12
Ah!!!
Many Chinese companies have moved their manufacturing to Mexico and Vietnam and Kenya and Bangladesh due to rising prices of labor in China for low cost and medium cost goods
These companies once exported directly from China to US upto 2021
Today they export to the US from Mexico and Vietnam and Bangladesh and Kenya
This is why Chinas Exports to the US has fallen and Mexico and Vietnam's exports risen
In fact Chinese companies in Vietnam and Mexico and Bangladesh and Kenya and Egypt exported around $ 32.9 Billion of goods to the US in the first 8 months of 2023 , that's around 216 Billion Yuan of Exports
They exported $ 18.7 Billion of Goods to Europe from the same countries
Thus around $ 51 Billion of Goods Or 350 Billion Yuan of Export Revenue has left China due to simple ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
However since these are Chinese companies, most of this revenue will come back to the Chinese Economy one way or another - through BRI loan repayments or other methods

哦!!!
由于中国低成本和中等成本商品的劳动力价格上涨,许多中国公司已将其生产转移到墨西哥、越南、肯尼亚和孟加拉国
这些公司曾在2021年之前从中国直接出口到美国
如今,他们从墨西哥、越南、孟加拉国和肯尼亚向美国出口
这就是为什么中国对美国出口下降而墨西哥和越南出口上升
事实上,2023年前8个月,越南、墨西哥、孟加拉国、肯尼亚和埃及的中国企业向美国出口了约329亿美元的商品,即出口额约2160亿元人民币。
他们从同一国家向欧洲出口了价值 187亿美元的商品
因此,由于简单的经济发展,大约510亿美元的商品或3500亿元人民币的出口收入已经离开中国
然而,由于这些都是中国公司,大部分收入将以某种方式回到中国经济——通过一带一路贷款偿还或其他方式。

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Michael Lynn
· Sep 9
This reminds me of how Chinese, in 80–90s, swallowed their pride and invited their former invaders, Japanese, to do businesses in China.

这让我想起80-90年代的中国人如何放下自尊,邀请他们的前侵略者日本人来中国做生意。
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


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Alex Wong Jian
· Sep 12
The best revenge is to live better than your enemy, and live to see him dying.
Don't get mad. Get even, or better.

最好的报复就是比你的敌人活得更好,并活着看到他死去。
别生气。达到平衡,或者更好。

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Lina Pegu
· Sep 8
India failed to attract these Chinese companies because of emotional and anti china policies?

印度因为情绪化和反华政策而未能吸引这些中国企业?

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Alex Wong Jian
· Sep 12
Bharat is a lawless, fake democracy living off lies and delusion. Check out IMEC and have a good laugh…

印度是一个无法无天、虚假的民主国家,靠谎言和欺骗为生。看看 IMEC计划,真是让人开怀大笑……
译者注: IMEC是指印度-中东-欧洲的一带一路计划

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Sam Zbib
· Sep 13
Seems like a plan detached from the realities of economics, politics, geography and god knows what else.In particular, they actually said that they would build a railway across the Arabian Desert. Why doesn't this route take the Red Sea? What a stupid and ridiculous plan

看起来这个计划脱离了经济、政治、地理以及天知道还有什么的现实。尤其是,他们居然说要要修一条铁路穿过阿拉伯大沙漠。这条线路为什么不走红海呢?真是愚蠢又可笑的计划

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Cheong Tee
· Sep 10
Chinese companies are watching how xiaomi is licking its wounds — India too good at trying to get everything.

中国公司正在关注小米如何舔舐伤口——印度太擅长试图获得一切。
原创翻译:龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


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Dave Ch
· Sep 9
That's Win-win for you

这对您来说是双赢

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Balahan
· Sep 9
Don't you see anything frustrating? Americans thought industry would move to Mexico, or Vietnam.
But they don't seem to think India is a good destination, what's wrong with us?

你们没有发现什么让人沮丧的问题吗。美国人认为工业会转移到墨西哥,或者越南。
但是他们似乎不认为印度是个好的目的地,我们出了什么问题?

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