瑞士人真的不爱买房爱租房？
正文翻译
In any other country, Philip Skiba, a well-paid analyst working in the finance industry, might not hesitate to buy a home. But in the town where he lives, on the outskirts of Zurich, even the ugly houses, as he describes them, go for millions.
菲利普·斯基巴是在金融行业工作的高薪分析师，如果在其他国家，他可能会毫不犹豫地买房。但在他居住的苏黎世郊区小镇上，即使是他口中的丑房子，也能卖到数百万美元。
In any other country, Philip Skiba, a well-paid analyst working in the finance industry, might not hesitate to buy a home. But in the town where he lives, on the outskirts of Zurich, even the ugly houses, as he describes them, go for millions.
菲利普·斯基巴是在金融行业工作的高薪分析师，如果在其他国家，他可能会毫不犹豫地买房。但在他居住的苏黎世郊区小镇上，即使是他口中的丑房子，也能卖到数百万美元。
Last year, a simple, beige stucco home in his neighborhood went up for sale. The price: 7.5 million Swiss francs, or about $8.3 million.
去年，他家附近一栋简单的米色灰泥房屋挂牌出售。价格为750万瑞士法郎，约合830万美元。
去年，他家附近一栋简单的米色灰泥房屋挂牌出售。价格为750万瑞士法郎，约合830万美元。
“My first thought was, this is ridiculous, it’s almost an insult,” said Mr. Skiba, 41, who shares a rented apartment with his girlfriend. When the house sold several weeks later, it reinforced for him the reality of homeownership in Switzerland these days. Buying a single-family home anywhere near Zurich is not just a luxury.
“我的第一反应是，这太荒谬了，简直是一种侮辱，”41岁的斯基巴说，他和女朋友合租了一套公寓。几周后，那栋房子卖掉了，这让他更加坚定了如今在瑞士买房的现实——在苏黎世附近的任何地方，购买一套独户住宅，都不仅仅是一种奢侈而已。
“我的第一反应是，这太荒谬了，简直是一种侮辱，”41岁的斯基巴说，他和女朋友合租了一套公寓。几周后，那栋房子卖掉了，这让他更加坚定了如今在瑞士买房的现实——在苏黎世附近的任何地方，购买一套独户住宅，都不仅仅是一种奢侈而已。
“It’s beyond luxury,” Mr. Skiba said. “Two kids, a house, a garden, two cars — I don’t know anybody who has that.”
“这已经超出了奢侈的范畴，”斯基巴说。“两个孩子，一栋房子，一个花园，两辆车——我不知道谁拥有这些。”
“这已经超出了奢侈的范畴，”斯基巴说。“两个孩子，一栋房子，一个花园，两辆车——我不知道谁拥有这些。”
Switzerland’s nine million residents are some of the wealthiest people on the planet — and they are mostly renters. Increasingly, even urban professionals here find themselves locked out of the real estate market. The average price for a studio apartment in Zurich is $1.1 million, according to the research company Wüest Partner. On a square-foot basis, Zurich is about 80 percent more expensive than Paris.
瑞士的900万居民是地球上最富有的人群之一，他们大多是租房者。越来越多的城市白领发现自己被挡在房地产市场之外。根据研究公司的数据，苏黎世一套单间公寓的平均价格为110万美元。按每平方英尺计算，苏黎世的房价比巴黎高出约80%。
瑞士的900万居民是地球上最富有的人群之一，他们大多是租房者。越来越多的城市白领发现自己被挡在房地产市场之外。根据研究公司的数据，苏黎世一套单间公寓的平均价格为110万美元。按每平方英尺计算，苏黎世的房价比巴黎高出约80%。
At a time when young people in places like coastal California, New York and London cannot see a path to buying a home, Switzerland offers the world a glimpse of a post-ownership society. Around 36 percent of the Swiss own their homes or apartments, the lowest rate in the West and well below the 70 percent average in the European unx, and the 67 percent in the United States. While many young Swiss people say they see positives in a lifetime of renting — mostly, avoiding the hassles and commitments of homeownership — at the same time they admit feeling resentful that they don’t have a choice.
在加州、纽约和伦敦等沿海地区的年轻人看不到买房之路的同时，瑞士让世界瞥见了一个后所有权社会。大约36%的瑞士人拥有自己的住房或公寓，这一比例在西方国家中是最低的，远低于欧盟70%和美国67%的平均水平。虽然许多瑞士年轻人说，他们看到了一生租房的好处——主要是避免了买房的麻烦和负担——但同时他们承认，他们对别无选择感到不满。
在加州、纽约和伦敦等沿海地区的年轻人看不到买房之路的同时，瑞士让世界瞥见了一个后所有权社会。大约36%的瑞士人拥有自己的住房或公寓，这一比例在西方国家中是最低的，远低于欧盟70%和美国67%的平均水平。虽然许多瑞士年轻人说，他们看到了一生租房的好处——主要是避免了买房的麻烦和负担——但同时他们承认，他们对别无选择感到不满。
“I think most people in Switzerland still have a dream about a single-family house and a garden,” said Andreas Weber, 36, who works in Zurich. “It’s just not possible anymore.”
“我想，大多数瑞士人仍然梦想着拥有一栋带花园的独栋住宅，”36岁、在苏黎世工作的的安德烈亚斯·韦伯说。“而这已经不可能了。
“我想，大多数瑞士人仍然梦想着拥有一栋带花园的独栋住宅，”36岁、在苏黎世工作的的安德烈亚斯·韦伯说。“而这已经不可能了。
Mr. Weber is the managing director of Corefinanz, a mortgage brokerage, but he is a renter himself, living in an apartment a half-hour by train from central Zurich. “I’m not there yet,” he said of buying his own place. The average age of a first-time home buyer in Switzerland is 48, 15 years older than in neighboring France.
韦伯是抵押贷款经纪公司的总经理，但他自己也是租房者，住在距苏黎世市中心半小时火车车程的公寓里。“我还没到那个地步，”他在谈到自己买房时说。瑞士首次购房者的平均年龄为48岁，比邻国法国大15岁。
韦伯是抵押贷款经纪公司的总经理，但他自己也是租房者，住在距苏黎世市中心半小时火车车程的公寓里。“我还没到那个地步，”他在谈到自己买房时说。瑞士首次购房者的平均年龄为48岁，比邻国法国大15岁。
In the United States and many other countries, homeownership is encouraged by the government and generally considered a rite of passage. In Switzerland, where the terrain is 70 percent mountains and expensive real estate on limited buildable land has been the reality for generations, a lifetime of renting is not considered a personal failure or a shortcoming of the system.
在美国和其他许多国家，拥有住房受到政府的鼓励，通常被视为一种成人仪式。在瑞士，70%的地形是山脉，有限的可建造土地上昂贵的房地产已经成为世代相传的现实，一辈子租房并不被认为是个人的失败或制度的缺点。
在美国和其他许多国家，拥有住房受到政府的鼓励，通常被视为一种成人仪式。在瑞士，70%的地形是山脉，有限的可建造土地上昂贵的房地产已经成为世代相传的现实，一辈子租房并不被认为是个人的失败或制度的缺点。
“I know many people who would never want to buy,” said Alice Hollenstein, a psychologist who specializes in urban issues. “They just don’t value homeownership. They think it’s old-fashioned.”
“我知道很多人根本不想买房，”专门研究城市问题的心理学家爱丽丝·霍伦斯坦说。“他们就是不重视房屋所有权。他们认为这已经过时了。”
“我知道很多人根本不想买房，”专门研究城市问题的心理学家爱丽丝·霍伦斯坦说。“他们就是不重视房屋所有权。他们认为这已经过时了。”
There is also less judging. Swiss renters say they don’t get lectured on the importance of building wealth through homeownership. “The majority rents and it’s not stigmatized at all,” said Christian Hilber, a native of the northern Swiss town of Basel who specializes in real estate at the London School of Economics. “If anything, people say, ‘You own your place? Why?’”
人们在这方面也不会那么苛求。瑞士的租房者说，没有人来告诉他们通过买房积累财富是多么重要。“大多数人都是租房子住，这一点也不丢脸，”来自瑞士北部城市巴塞尔的克里斯蒂安·希尔伯说，他在伦敦经济学院专门研究房地产。“就算有人说起这个话题，也是，‘你自己有房子，为什么？’”
人们在这方面也不会那么苛求。瑞士的租房者说，没有人来告诉他们通过买房积累财富是多么重要。“大多数人都是租房子住，这一点也不丢脸，”来自瑞士北部城市巴塞尔的克里斯蒂安·希尔伯说，他在伦敦经济学院专门研究房地产。“就算有人说起这个话题，也是，‘你自己有房子，为什么？’”
Switzerland has been renter-majority since the end of World War II, and in some ways it has served the nation well. In 2008, when predatory lending and loan defaults plunged the United States into recession, the Swiss economy barely trembled. Switzerland’s financial authorities require scrupulous vetting of borrowers; “subprime” never entered the vocabulary.
自第二次世界大战结束以来，瑞士一直是租客占多数的国家，在某些方面，这对这个国家很有好处。2008年，当掠夺性贷款和贷款违约使美国陷入衰退时，瑞士经济几乎没有受到影响。瑞士金融当局要求对借款人进行严格审查；“次贷”从未在日常生活中出现过。
自第二次世界大战结束以来，瑞士一直是租客占多数的国家，在某些方面，这对这个国家很有好处。2008年，当掠夺性贷款和贷款违约使美国陷入衰退时，瑞士经济几乎没有受到影响。瑞士金融当局要求对借款人进行严格审查；“次贷”从未在日常生活中出现过。
But any preference for renting here collides with a stark financial reality: National surveys show that in recent decades, Swiss homeowners have been better off, at least in terms of wealth. The median net worth of a Swiss homeowner in their 30s is six times higher than that of a renter of the same age. And the wealth gap only widens with age. In their 70s, Swiss homeowners are 11 times wealthier than renters their age, according to a study by Ursina Kuhn at the Swiss Foundation for Research in Social Sciences in Lausanne.
但在这里，租房的任何偏好都与严酷的金融现实相冲突：全国调查显示，近几十年来，瑞士的房主状况有所改善，至少在财富方面是这样。瑞士30多岁的房主的净资产中位数是同年龄租房者的6倍。而且贫富差距只会随着年龄的增长而扩大。瑞士洛桑社会科学研究基金会的乌尔西娜·库恩进行的一项研究显示，瑞士70多岁的房主比同龄租房者富裕11倍。
但在这里，租房的任何偏好都与严酷的金融现实相冲突：全国调查显示，近几十年来，瑞士的房主状况有所改善，至少在财富方面是这样。瑞士30多岁的房主的净资产中位数是同年龄租房者的6倍。而且贫富差距只会随着年龄的增长而扩大。瑞士洛桑社会科学研究基金会的乌尔西娜·库恩进行的一项研究显示，瑞士70多岁的房主比同龄租房者富裕11倍。
The catch is that in order to become a homeowner, “you need wealth to get more wealth,” as Ms. Kuhn put it.
问题在于，要想成为房主，“你需要财富来获得更多财富，”库恩说。
问题在于，要想成为房主，“你需要财富来获得更多财富，”库恩说。
Martin Hoesli, a professor at the University of Geneva who has studied Swiss homeownership for decades, said that even though the math favors homeownership in the long run, many Swiss cannot afford a down payment, which by law is a minimum of 20 percent of the purchase price. Add to that the 4 percent in transfer costs, and the minimum down payment for the average-priced house in Switzerland — currently $1.4 million, according to Wüest Partner — is $336,000.
日内瓦大学教授马丁·赫斯利对瑞士人的房屋所有权进行了数十年的研究。他说，尽管从长远来看，从数学角度来看，买房更有利，但许多瑞士人还是负担不起首付，按照法律规定，首付至少是购房价格的20%。再加上4%的转让成本，根据Wüest Partner的数据，目前瑞士房屋的平均价格在140万美元，那么最低首付就是33.6万美元。
日内瓦大学教授马丁·赫斯利对瑞士人的房屋所有权进行了数十年的研究。他说，尽管从长远来看，从数学角度来看，买房更有利，但许多瑞士人还是负担不起首付，按照法律规定，首付至少是购房价格的20%。再加上4%的转让成本，根据Wüest Partner的数据，目前瑞士房屋的平均价格在140万美元，那么最低首付就是33.6万美元。
Many Swiss rely on perpetual refinancing to afford their homes. Switzerland is the land of luxury watches, fine chocolates — and lifelong mortgages. It’s not uncommon for borrowers to extend their loans until their deaths, which is advantageous from a tax perspective because mortgage interest is tax deductible. It also gives a lot of business to Switzerland’s vaunted banking industry.
许多瑞士人依靠永续性重新贷款来买房。瑞士以奢侈腕表、精致巧克力和终身抵押贷款闻名。还贷还到死情况并不罕见，这从纳税的角度讲是有利的，因为抵押贷款利息可以抵税。这种贷款还让瑞士引以为傲的银行业获得了大量业务。
许多瑞士人依靠永续性重新贷款来买房。瑞士以奢侈腕表、精致巧克力和终身抵押贷款闻名。还贷还到死情况并不罕见，这从纳税的角度讲是有利的，因为抵押贷款利息可以抵税。这种贷款还让瑞士引以为傲的银行业获得了大量业务。
For the visitor driving through this enchanting Alpine countryside, it’s not difficult to understand why housing prices are stratospheric. The centuries-old stone alleyways of cities like Bern and Zurich, intact and untouched by world wars, are living museums. The skyline in Zurich takes in soaring snow-capped mountains. The lake that rims the city is so pristine that bathers sometimes dip into the water directly from the city’s sidewalks and promenades.
对驾车穿过这片阿尔卑斯田园的迷人风光的游客来说，如此高企的房价并不难以理解。在伯恩和苏黎世等城市，有数百年历史的石板路小巷完好无损，未受两场世界大战的影响，堪称活生生的博物馆。苏黎世的天际线是高耸的雪山。环绕城市的湖泊如此清澈，以至于游泳者有时会从城市人行道和步道直接跳入水中。
对驾车穿过这片阿尔卑斯田园的迷人风光的游客来说，如此高企的房价并不难以理解。在伯恩和苏黎世等城市，有数百年历史的石板路小巷完好无损，未受两场世界大战的影响，堪称活生生的博物馆。苏黎世的天际线是高耸的雪山。环绕城市的湖泊如此清澈，以至于游泳者有时会从城市人行道和步道直接跳入水中。
When Andreas Fuhrer, 43, a particle physicist who works at a bank in risk management, decided to look for a home in Bern, the Swiss capital, he realized he would have to ask his family for help with the down payment. He and his partner, Siwat Chuencharoen, 37, a piano teacher, set out to find a place where Mr. Siwat could practice without bothering neighbors. They visited 15 places and made offers on five. But they were consistently outbid.
43岁的粒子物理学家安德烈亚斯·富勒在一家银行从事风险管理工作。在决定到瑞士首都伯恩购房的时候，他发现自己必须靠家人帮助才能付得起首付。他和他的伴侣、37岁的钢琴老师西瓦·川查伦需要找一处能让西瓦练习钢琴而又不打扰邻居的住所。他们看了15套房，其中五套他们开了价。但总有人出价比他们高。
43岁的粒子物理学家安德烈亚斯·富勒在一家银行从事风险管理工作。在决定到瑞士首都伯恩购房的时候，他发现自己必须靠家人帮助才能付得起首付。他和他的伴侣、37岁的钢琴老师西瓦·川查伦需要找一处能让西瓦练习钢琴而又不打扰邻居的住所。他们看了15套房，其中五套他们开了价。但总有人出价比他们高。
“You get depressed,” Mr. Fuhrer said. “You walk through the door and you say, ‘This is our dream,’ and then you don’t get it.”
“你会感到很沮丧，”富勒说。“走进大门之后你觉得，‘这是我们的梦想之屋’，但最后却没办法买下来。”
“你会感到很沮丧，”富勒说。“走进大门之后你觉得，‘这是我们的梦想之屋’，但最后却没办法买下来。”
When they found a place they wanted to buy, they went all out. The 2,150-square-foot house, just over the Bern city limits and across the street from railway tracks, was advertised at 1.25 million francs ($1.38 million), but after several rounds of bidding, the couple bought it for 1.52 million francs. In addition to the down payment of 300,000 francs ($332,000), which their families helped pay for, they financed the purchase with three separate loans of eight- 10- and 12-year durations. The debt is structured so that most of what they pay back is interest, not principal. They plan to be paying the mortgages for decades and decades.
在发现了一个想买的房子后，他们倾尽所有。这套面积约200平米的房子就位于刚出伯恩市城区的地方，与铁路隔街相望，广告标价125万法郎（合138万美元），但在多轮竞价后，他们以152万法郎的价格买到了手。除了他们两家人帮忙支付的30万法郎（33.2万美元）首付之外，他们分别还通过三笔为期八年、10年和12年的贷款筹集了资金。这种贷款组合导致他们的大部分还款都是利息而不是本金。他们准备用未来数十年的漫长时间偿还房贷。
在发现了一个想买的房子后，他们倾尽所有。这套面积约200平米的房子就位于刚出伯恩市城区的地方，与铁路隔街相望，广告标价125万法郎（合138万美元），但在多轮竞价后，他们以152万法郎的价格买到了手。除了他们两家人帮忙支付的30万法郎（33.2万美元）首付之外，他们分别还通过三笔为期八年、10年和12年的贷款筹集了资金。这种贷款组合导致他们的大部分还款都是利息而不是本金。他们准备用未来数十年的漫长时间偿还房贷。
Most people in Mr. Skiba’s 30-person office earn annual salaries of at least 100,000 francs, he said, but only two own their homes. He could afford a house in the countryside outside Zurich. There are places 60 kilometers away that sell for 1.5 million. But he doesn’t want to live that far from his office and friends in the city.
斯基巴说，在他所在30人规模的办公室里，大多数人的年薪至少有10万法郎，但只有两人有自己的房子。他能买得起苏黎世郊外乡间的房子，那些60公里外的住宅售价达到150万法郎。但他不想住得离城市里的办公室和朋友那么远。
斯基巴说，在他所在30人规模的办公室里，大多数人的年薪至少有10万法郎，但只有两人有自己的房子。他能买得起苏黎世郊外乡间的房子，那些60公里外的住宅售价达到150万法郎。但他不想住得离城市里的办公室和朋友那么远。
“I think owning property is programmed into people’s DNA,” he said. “But renting right now is the only option if you want to live in urban Switzerland.”
“我觉得拥有房产已经被写进了人的DNA里，”他说。“但如果你想住在瑞士的市区，租房是如今唯一的选择。”
“我觉得拥有房产已经被写进了人的DNA里，”他说。“但如果你想住在瑞士的市区，租房是如今唯一的选择。”
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Lina
Brooklyn
Today the idea of owning a home is a trap - no one but the wealthiest ever owns their home - To think that you are somehow "safer" as a serf to a bank is an idea that younger generations are starting to question (many of them watched their parents lose their homes in 2008). In fact, the whole housing system has been built by banks for banks and no thought has been paid to sustainability or quality of life issues for the general population. Instead we are fed the tired line that if we want to "build wealth" we must do what the banks want. But what if our priorities are traveling, or living near loved ones, or taking care of sick family members, or doing a job we love for a lower salary? What are we giving up when everything gets sacrificed in the name of "building wealth"? Banks (and sadly most governments) don't want us to ask these questions.
If we really cared about building a sustainable quality of life for our citizens, we would take a look at Berlin's housing system. There the vast majority rent subsidized housing, so their basic needs of having a safe, comfortable place to live are secure and they can go off and do what they want/need to do in their lives. This is true freedom. But of course, no one at the top makes any money off of a free population. In fact it is our continued insecurity and indebtedness that the elite feed off of.
如今，拥有住房的想法是一个陷阱——只有最富有的人才拥有自己的住房。
老一辈认为自己作为银行的奴隶在某种程度上“更安全”，而年轻一代开始质疑这种想法(他们中的许多人在2008年目睹了父母失去房产)。
事实上，整个住房体系都是由围绕银行建造的，没有考虑到普通民众的可持续性或生活质量问题。相反，我们被灌输了一套陈词滥调:如果我们想“创造财富”，就必须按照银行的要求去做。但是，如果我们优先考虑的是旅行，或与亲人住在一起，或照顾生病的家人，或以较低的薪水做一份我们喜欢的工作呢?当我们以“积累财富”的名义牺牲一切时，我们放弃了什么?银行(包括大多数政府)不希望我们问这些问题。
如果政府真的关心为市民打造可持续的高质量生活，我们应该看看柏林的住房体系。在那里，绝大多数人都租住有补贴的住房，他们有一个安全、舒适的住所，基本需求是有保障的，他们可以出去做他们想做的事情。这才是真正的自由。当然，没有人能够从自由的人口身上赚到钱。事实上，精英们正是依靠我们持续的不安全感和沉重的负债为生。
Brooklyn
Today the idea of owning a home is a trap - no one but the wealthiest ever owns their home - To think that you are somehow "safer" as a serf to a bank is an idea that younger generations are starting to question (many of them watched their parents lose their homes in 2008). In fact, the whole housing system has been built by banks for banks and no thought has been paid to sustainability or quality of life issues for the general population. Instead we are fed the tired line that if we want to "build wealth" we must do what the banks want. But what if our priorities are traveling, or living near loved ones, or taking care of sick family members, or doing a job we love for a lower salary? What are we giving up when everything gets sacrificed in the name of "building wealth"? Banks (and sadly most governments) don't want us to ask these questions.
If we really cared about building a sustainable quality of life for our citizens, we would take a look at Berlin's housing system. There the vast majority rent subsidized housing, so their basic needs of having a safe, comfortable place to live are secure and they can go off and do what they want/need to do in their lives. This is true freedom. But of course, no one at the top makes any money off of a free population. In fact it is our continued insecurity and indebtedness that the elite feed off of.
如今，拥有住房的想法是一个陷阱——只有最富有的人才拥有自己的住房。
老一辈认为自己作为银行的奴隶在某种程度上“更安全”，而年轻一代开始质疑这种想法(他们中的许多人在2008年目睹了父母失去房产)。
事实上，整个住房体系都是由围绕银行建造的，没有考虑到普通民众的可持续性或生活质量问题。相反，我们被灌输了一套陈词滥调:如果我们想“创造财富”，就必须按照银行的要求去做。但是，如果我们优先考虑的是旅行，或与亲人住在一起，或照顾生病的家人，或以较低的薪水做一份我们喜欢的工作呢?当我们以“积累财富”的名义牺牲一切时，我们放弃了什么?银行(包括大多数政府)不希望我们问这些问题。
如果政府真的关心为市民打造可持续的高质量生活，我们应该看看柏林的住房体系。在那里，绝大多数人都租住有补贴的住房，他们有一个安全、舒适的住所，基本需求是有保障的，他们可以出去做他们想做的事情。这才是真正的自由。当然，没有人能够从自由的人口身上赚到钱。事实上，精英们正是依靠我们持续的不安全感和沉重的负债为生。
VH
Iowa
The people I've spoken with in Switzerland are happy renting. In large part, this is because the quality of housing is high, and higher-density housing near cities permits a very high quality of life - no long commutes, access to affordable public transit, lots of other services easily accessible, and great community. It also keeps the Swiss countryside free of sprawl, something of tremendous value to a culture that values walking, hiking, skiing, and just generally spending time outdoors. Wealth accumulation - in a society with a strong safety net, including universal access to health care, and excellent educational opportunities for a nominal cost - is of less importance in Switzerland.
与我交谈过的瑞士人都乐于租房。在很大程度上，这是因为瑞士出租的房屋质量很高，靠近城市的高密度住房能带来很高的生活质量--没有长时间的通勤，可以乘坐价格低廉的公共交通，可以方便地获得很多其他服务，还有很好的社区环境。这也使得瑞士的乡村不再无序扩张，这对于重视散步、徒步旅行、滑雪以及户外活动的瑞士文化来说具有巨大的价值。 在瑞士，财富积累并不那么重要，因为瑞士是一个拥有强大安全保障体系的社会，包括全民医疗保健，以及仅支出一点点费用就能获得良好的教育机会。
Iowa
The people I've spoken with in Switzerland are happy renting. In large part, this is because the quality of housing is high, and higher-density housing near cities permits a very high quality of life - no long commutes, access to affordable public transit, lots of other services easily accessible, and great community. It also keeps the Swiss countryside free of sprawl, something of tremendous value to a culture that values walking, hiking, skiing, and just generally spending time outdoors. Wealth accumulation - in a society with a strong safety net, including universal access to health care, and excellent educational opportunities for a nominal cost - is of less importance in Switzerland.
与我交谈过的瑞士人都乐于租房。在很大程度上，这是因为瑞士出租的房屋质量很高，靠近城市的高密度住房能带来很高的生活质量--没有长时间的通勤，可以乘坐价格低廉的公共交通，可以方便地获得很多其他服务，还有很好的社区环境。这也使得瑞士的乡村不再无序扩张，这对于重视散步、徒步旅行、滑雪以及户外活动的瑞士文化来说具有巨大的价值。 在瑞士，财富积累并不那么重要，因为瑞士是一个拥有强大安全保障体系的社会，包括全民医疗保健，以及仅支出一点点费用就能获得良好的教育机会。
CM
NY
Wealth begets wealth. The wealthy help their children buy properties and the wealth remains consolidated in one group. The US is moving in this direction.
财富会产生财富。富人帮助他们的子女购买房产，财富仍然集中在一个群体内部。美国正朝着这个方向前进。
NY
Wealth begets wealth. The wealthy help their children buy properties and the wealth remains consolidated in one group. The US is moving in this direction.
财富会产生财富。富人帮助他们的子女购买房产，财富仍然集中在一个群体内部。美国正朝着这个方向前进。
Where's At
When I read the headline, I thought it was a happy story about renting being chosen over buying by the majority - only to find that it is a sad story about buying out of reach for the majority.
当我读标题时，我以为这是一个大多数人选择租房而不是买房的快乐故事，结果却发现这是一个大多数人买不起房子的悲伤故事
When I read the headline, I thought it was a happy story about renting being chosen over buying by the majority - only to find that it is a sad story about buying out of reach for the majority.
当我读标题时，我以为这是一个大多数人选择租房而不是买房的快乐故事，结果却发现这是一个大多数人买不起房子的悲伤故事
mls
nyc
Nov. 6
as I infer from the article, renters are treated with respect by their landlords. Property is maintained, repairs are made timely, and there isn't the undercurrent of mistrust and hostility that underlies so many tenant-landlord relationships in the US. Here in the US, the only security of domicile is to own. Otherwise, the tenants' lives are subject to the whims of their landlords. Sure, urban areas have legal protections, and tenants have leases and housing courts, but the social climate of bristling animosity by a landlord who does not want to maintain property or make repairs, who wants to squeeze every last drop of profit absent any human regard for the tenant, is what makes ownership so desirable
我从这篇文章中推测出的结论是，瑞士的房客受到房东的尊重。物业得到维护，维修及时，而且没有美国租户与房东关系中潜藏的不信任和敌意。 在美国，唯一的保障就是拥有房产。 否则，房客的生活就得听房东的摆布。当然，城市地区有法律保护，租户也有租约和法庭，但在美国，房东不想维护房产或进行维修，只想榨取最后一滴利润，对租户的需求不闻不问，这种充满敌意的社会氛围，正是人们向往拥有属于自己房产的原因。
nyc
Nov. 6
as I infer from the article, renters are treated with respect by their landlords. Property is maintained, repairs are made timely, and there isn't the undercurrent of mistrust and hostility that underlies so many tenant-landlord relationships in the US. Here in the US, the only security of domicile is to own. Otherwise, the tenants' lives are subject to the whims of their landlords. Sure, urban areas have legal protections, and tenants have leases and housing courts, but the social climate of bristling animosity by a landlord who does not want to maintain property or make repairs, who wants to squeeze every last drop of profit absent any human regard for the tenant, is what makes ownership so desirable
我从这篇文章中推测出的结论是，瑞士的房客受到房东的尊重。物业得到维护，维修及时，而且没有美国租户与房东关系中潜藏的不信任和敌意。 在美国，唯一的保障就是拥有房产。 否则，房客的生活就得听房东的摆布。当然，城市地区有法律保护，租户也有租约和法庭，但在美国，房东不想维护房产或进行维修，只想榨取最后一滴利润，对租户的需求不闻不问，这种充满敌意的社会氛围，正是人们向往拥有属于自己房产的原因。
NR
California
No one in my family has ever made more than $200,000 a year.
The house my moother bought in Tampa in 1956 for $32,000 is now unchanged and Zillowed at $2.6 million. My house on Key Biscayne, purchased for $135,000 in 1981, is now valued at $2,45 million. The house I bought in Sarasota in 1998 for $220,000 is valued at over $800,000. We cannot afford any of these places any more.
If you want to build wealth with your house, be lucky with timing and stay put..
我家没有人年收入能超过 20 万美元。
我的母亲 1956 年花 3.2 万美元在坦帕买的房子，现在的价值是 260 万美元。
我 1981 年花 13.5 万美元在比斯坎岛上买的房子，现在价值 245 万美元。
我 1998 年花 22 万美元在萨拉索塔买的房子，现在估值超过 80 万美元。
如果搁现在买房，我们家肯定是买不起的。
所以如果你想用房子创造财富，就要把握好时机，不要轻易出手。
California
No one in my family has ever made more than $200,000 a year.
The house my moother bought in Tampa in 1956 for $32,000 is now unchanged and Zillowed at $2.6 million. My house on Key Biscayne, purchased for $135,000 in 1981, is now valued at $2,45 million. The house I bought in Sarasota in 1998 for $220,000 is valued at over $800,000. We cannot afford any of these places any more.
If you want to build wealth with your house, be lucky with timing and stay put..
我家没有人年收入能超过 20 万美元。
我的母亲 1956 年花 3.2 万美元在坦帕买的房子，现在的价值是 260 万美元。
我 1981 年花 13.5 万美元在比斯坎岛上买的房子，现在价值 245 万美元。
我 1998 年花 22 万美元在萨拉索塔买的房子，现在估值超过 80 万美元。
如果搁现在买房，我们家肯定是买不起的。
所以如果你想用房子创造财富，就要把握好时机，不要轻易出手。
MS
Zürich
I‘m Swiss and live in the city of Zürich since seven years. One positive thing is, that in the year 2050, the proportion of non-profit housing in the city (owned by cooperatives, foundations and the city) is intended to be one-third of the rental apartments. These apartments are often new, well placed in the city and meet ecological building standards. Certain cooperation also built very progressive living forms. I have the chance to live in an apartment owned by the city, and I love the sense of community and the shared outdoor space, this is something that even owning a house would not compensate. I think these forms of housings are the future for dense urban areas.
我是瑞士人，在苏黎世生活了七年。一个好的现象是，到 2050 年，苏黎世的非营利性住房（由合作社、基金会和城市所有）将占出租公寓的三分之一。这些公寓通常都是新建的，位于城市中心，符合生态建筑标准。某些合作组织还建造了非常先进的居住形式。我有机会住在城市公有的公寓里，我喜欢这种社区感和共享的户外空间，这是拥有一套房子也无法弥补的。我认为这种形式的住宅是密集城区的未来。
Zürich
I‘m Swiss and live in the city of Zürich since seven years. One positive thing is, that in the year 2050, the proportion of non-profit housing in the city (owned by cooperatives, foundations and the city) is intended to be one-third of the rental apartments. These apartments are often new, well placed in the city and meet ecological building standards. Certain cooperation also built very progressive living forms. I have the chance to live in an apartment owned by the city, and I love the sense of community and the shared outdoor space, this is something that even owning a house would not compensate. I think these forms of housings are the future for dense urban areas.
我是瑞士人，在苏黎世生活了七年。一个好的现象是，到 2050 年，苏黎世的非营利性住房（由合作社、基金会和城市所有）将占出租公寓的三分之一。这些公寓通常都是新建的，位于城市中心，符合生态建筑标准。某些合作组织还建造了非常先进的居住形式。我有机会住在城市公有的公寓里，我喜欢这种社区感和共享的户外空间，这是拥有一套房子也无法弥补的。我认为这种形式的住宅是密集城区的未来。
Steven
El Paso
I have friends who have rented for many years in Zurich. I know others who have rented in Germany for most of their life as well. What distinguishes these countries (and societies) from the US is not only the cost of buying (and borrowing) but also the care with which most renters treat their residences (and landlords fulfilling their maintenance obligations). In Denmark, the situation is completely different, where the government and lenders (typically banks) incentivize homeownership. I have two friends who chose to own rather than rent in the Copenhagen area. One had rented a stunning apartment in a prestigious building but ultimately chose to buy to provide long-term security for himself and his family (in Denmark landlords rarely agree to long-term leases).
我有朋友在苏黎世租了很多年了。我知道还有一些人也在德国租了大半辈子的房子。这些国家(和社会)与美国的区别不仅在于购买(和借贷)的成本，还在于大多数租房者对待房屋的用心程度(以及房东履行维护义务的程度)。在丹麦，情况完全不同，政府和贷款人(通常是银行)鼓励买房。我有两个朋友在哥本哈根地区选择自己买房而不是租房。一个人在一栋著名的大楼里租了一套很棒的公寓，但最终还是选择了买房，为自己和家人提供长期的安全保障(在丹麦，房东很少同意长期租赁)。
El Paso
I have friends who have rented for many years in Zurich. I know others who have rented in Germany for most of their life as well. What distinguishes these countries (and societies) from the US is not only the cost of buying (and borrowing) but also the care with which most renters treat their residences (and landlords fulfilling their maintenance obligations). In Denmark, the situation is completely different, where the government and lenders (typically banks) incentivize homeownership. I have two friends who chose to own rather than rent in the Copenhagen area. One had rented a stunning apartment in a prestigious building but ultimately chose to buy to provide long-term security for himself and his family (in Denmark landlords rarely agree to long-term leases).
我有朋友在苏黎世租了很多年了。我知道还有一些人也在德国租了大半辈子的房子。这些国家(和社会)与美国的区别不仅在于购买(和借贷)的成本，还在于大多数租房者对待房屋的用心程度(以及房东履行维护义务的程度)。在丹麦，情况完全不同，政府和贷款人(通常是银行)鼓励买房。我有两个朋友在哥本哈根地区选择自己买房而不是租房。一个人在一栋著名的大楼里租了一套很棒的公寓，但最终还是选择了买房，为自己和家人提供长期的安全保障(在丹麦，房东很少同意长期租赁)。
Houston
Quality of housing is excellent. Even when I lived in a small studio flat, everything was clean and maintained. The Swiss are very judgemental of each other, so they never want to be judged 'less clean' or 'less organized' than their neighbors. Even if you hang your laundry out, it must be done "correctly" - it was hard to get used to as an American, but once you figure out the rules and learn how to live by them, everything functions well. People vote the rules in and most everyone is willing to abide by them. This is in the day-to-day living.
瑞士的住房质量非常好。即使我住在一个小公寓里，一切都很干净，保养得很好。瑞士人对彼此都很挑剔，他们从不希望别人说他们比邻居“不干净”或“没规矩”。即使你把衣服晾在外面，它也必须按照正确的规定晾晒——作为一个美国人很难习惯，但一旦你弄清楚了规则并学会了如何生活，一切都很好。人们投票决定规则，大多数人都愿意遵守规则。这就是瑞士的日常生活。
Quality of housing is excellent. Even when I lived in a small studio flat, everything was clean and maintained. The Swiss are very judgemental of each other, so they never want to be judged 'less clean' or 'less organized' than their neighbors. Even if you hang your laundry out, it must be done "correctly" - it was hard to get used to as an American, but once you figure out the rules and learn how to live by them, everything functions well. People vote the rules in and most everyone is willing to abide by them. This is in the day-to-day living.
瑞士的住房质量非常好。即使我住在一个小公寓里，一切都很干净，保养得很好。瑞士人对彼此都很挑剔，他们从不希望别人说他们比邻居“不干净”或“没规矩”。即使你把衣服晾在外面，它也必须按照正确的规定晾晒——作为一个美国人很难习惯，但一旦你弄清楚了规则并学会了如何生活，一切都很好。人们投票决定规则，大多数人都愿意遵守规则。这就是瑞士的日常生活。
LIChef
East Coast
I’m not seeing this story as healthy at all. It seems like average Swiss citizens are held captive to wealthy real estate interests in terms of exorbitant home prices and rents, while there is an apparent dearth — perhaps deliberate — of affordable housing.
It reminds me a bit of life in America, where we are held hostage by a variety of capitalist interests that deny us everything from national health insurance to gun control. Most recently in the news is the way we have little sway against the US Israel lobby, which seems to have no problem seeing our taxpayer billions shipped to Israel to be used to kill innocent civilians.
我觉得这个故事一点也不正向。从高昂的房价和租金来看，普通瑞士公民似乎被富裕的房地产利益集团所束缚，明显缺乏经济适用房（也许是有意为之）。
这让我想起了在美国的生活，在那里，我们被各种各样的资本主义利益集团所绑架，从国家医疗保险到枪支管制，这些利益集团剥夺了我们的一切。最近的新闻是，民众无法对抗美国的以色列游说集团，他们似乎毫不介意我们纳税人的数十亿美元被运往以色列，用来杀害无辜的平民。
East Coast
I’m not seeing this story as healthy at all. It seems like average Swiss citizens are held captive to wealthy real estate interests in terms of exorbitant home prices and rents, while there is an apparent dearth — perhaps deliberate — of affordable housing.
It reminds me a bit of life in America, where we are held hostage by a variety of capitalist interests that deny us everything from national health insurance to gun control. Most recently in the news is the way we have little sway against the US Israel lobby, which seems to have no problem seeing our taxpayer billions shipped to Israel to be used to kill innocent civilians.
我觉得这个故事一点也不正向。从高昂的房价和租金来看，普通瑞士公民似乎被富裕的房地产利益集团所束缚，明显缺乏经济适用房（也许是有意为之）。
这让我想起了在美国的生活，在那里，我们被各种各样的资本主义利益集团所绑架，从国家医疗保险到枪支管制，这些利益集团剥夺了我们的一切。最近的新闻是，民众无法对抗美国的以色列游说集团，他们似乎毫不介意我们纳税人的数十亿美元被运往以色列，用来杀害无辜的平民。
Flex
California
Nov. 6
In the US, home ownership not just about painting walls, it's a hedge against destitution in old age.
When you live in a country with a safety net, like most European countries, you don't feel you need to make this hedge, because you know you will be supported with universal pension and health in old age. We don't have that here, and we never will.
在美国，拥有住房不仅仅是为了粉刷墙壁，也是为了防止老年时陷入贫困。
当你生活在一个有安全保障的国家时，就像大多数欧洲国家一样，你不觉得你需要做这种对冲，因为你知道你在老年时将得到养老金和医疗保障。而我们这里没有，也永远不会有。
California
Nov. 6
In the US, home ownership not just about painting walls, it's a hedge against destitution in old age.
When you live in a country with a safety net, like most European countries, you don't feel you need to make this hedge, because you know you will be supported with universal pension and health in old age. We don't have that here, and we never will.
在美国，拥有住房不仅仅是为了粉刷墙壁，也是为了防止老年时陷入贫困。
当你生活在一个有安全保障的国家时，就像大多数欧洲国家一样，你不觉得你需要做这种对冲，因为你知道你在老年时将得到养老金和医疗保障。而我们这里没有，也永远不会有。
DaDa
Chicago
Missing from the calculus in this article is that in the U.S. home ownership is important to build wealth because everything else in the U.S. cost a fortune: education, health care, retirement. In Switzerland 'building wealth' isn't as important as these things are greatly subsidized. College, for example, is about $800 U.S. dollars. Why wouldn't you rent?
在这篇文章中没有提到的是，在美国，拥有住房对于积累财富非常重要，因为在美国，教育、医疗保健、退休等其他一切都需要花费大量金钱。 而在瑞士，"积累财富 "并不那么重要，因为教育、医疗都有大量补贴。 例如，大学学费约为 800 美元。所以为什么不租房呢？
Chicago
Missing from the calculus in this article is that in the U.S. home ownership is important to build wealth because everything else in the U.S. cost a fortune: education, health care, retirement. In Switzerland 'building wealth' isn't as important as these things are greatly subsidized. College, for example, is about $800 U.S. dollars. Why wouldn't you rent?
在这篇文章中没有提到的是，在美国，拥有住房对于积累财富非常重要，因为在美国，教育、医疗保健、退休等其他一切都需要花费大量金钱。 而在瑞士，"积累财富 "并不那么重要，因为教育、医疗都有大量补贴。 例如，大学学费约为 800 美元。所以为什么不租房呢？
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