印度和中国都有10多亿人口，为什么中国看起来干净、现代，而印度却看起来肮脏、落后呢？
正文翻译
So, if I were to explain why China is a clean country today, I would summarize based on my experiences: First, extensive and improved infrastructure means people don't need to dirty the environment to use the restroom or buy groceries. Second, trash cans, including recycling bins, are everywhere in cities and towns, so people don't have to search for them. Third, if everything is clean, people are less likely to litter out of embarrassment. In conclusion, China is becoming an increasingly clean and orderly country.
所以，如果让我解释为什么今天的中国是一个干净的国家，我会根据我的经验总结：首先，广泛且完善的基础设施意味着人们不需要污染环境来使用厕所或购买杂货。其次，垃圾桶，包括回收箱，在城镇里随处可见，因此人们不必寻找它们。第三，如果一切都很干净，人们就不太可能因为尴尬而乱扔垃圾。总而言之，中国正在成为一个日益清洁、有序的国家。
@Yadan Ma
I am Chinese, 44 years old this year. My childhood spanned the entire 1980s and 1990s. When it comes to maintaining cleanliness, this question brings back some memories of a "dirty and chaotic China."
The first memory is a small detail. In any indoor place in China today, whether it's a restaurant, hotel, or home, every room will have a plastic trash can. There will be a plastic bag lining the trash can to make it easy to remove the garbage. They usually look like this:
我是中国人，今年44岁。我的童年跨越了整个20世纪80年代和90年代。说到保持清洁，这个问题让人回想起“脏乱差的中国”。
第一个记忆是一个小细节。如今在中国的任何室内场所，无论是餐厅、酒店还是家庭，每个房间都会有一个塑料垃圾桶。垃圾桶内衬有一个塑料袋，以便于清除垃圾。
I am Chinese, 44 years old this year. My childhood spanned the entire 1980s and 1990s. When it comes to maintaining cleanliness, this question brings back some memories of a "dirty and chaotic China."
The first memory is a small detail. In any indoor place in China today, whether it's a restaurant, hotel, or home, every room will have a plastic trash can. There will be a plastic bag lining the trash can to make it easy to remove the garbage. They usually look like this:
我是中国人，今年44岁。我的童年跨越了整个20世纪80年代和90年代。说到保持清洁，这个问题让人回想起“脏乱差的中国”。
第一个记忆是一个小细节。如今在中国的任何室内场所，无论是餐厅、酒店还是家庭，每个房间都会有一个塑料垃圾桶。垃圾桶内衬有一个塑料袋，以便于清除垃圾。
However, these things were not part of my childhood memories. In other words, decades ago in China, there were no such trash cans. So, how did people throw away garbage in rooms back then? My memory is that people either put the trash in a shared outdoor trash can or threw it on the ground inside the room. Once the trash on the ground accumulated enough, they would then throw it into the large outdoor trash can.
然而，这些事情并不属于我的童年记忆。也就是说，几十年前的中国，还没有这样的垃圾桶。那么，当时人们是如何扔房间里的垃圾的呢？我的记忆是，人们要么把垃圾放在共用的室外垃圾桶里，要么扔在房间里的地上。地上的垃圾积累到一定程度后，他们就会将其扔进户外的大垃圾桶里。
然而，这些事情并不属于我的童年记忆。也就是说，几十年前的中国，还没有这样的垃圾桶。那么，当时人们是如何扔房间里的垃圾的呢？我的记忆是，人们要么把垃圾放在共用的室外垃圾桶里，要么扔在房间里的地上。地上的垃圾积累到一定程度后，他们就会将其扔进户外的大垃圾桶里。
Moreover, there is an evolving version of this small detail: I remember when I just got married in 2005, the plastic bags used to line trash cans were the ones from the vegetable markets. People collected these plastic bags after buying vegetables and used them in their trash cans. No one would buy plastic bags specifically for trash cans.
But today, various types and sizes of trash bags are essential in every Chinese household. The most popular ones are the trash bags that, when full, have two drawstrings on the sides that can be pulled to close the bag. This way, you can lift the heavy trash without worrying about it spilling:
而且，这个小细节还有一个演变版本：我记得2005年我刚结婚时，用来装垃圾桶的塑料袋是菜市场的塑料袋。人们购买蔬菜后收集这些塑料袋，并将其放入垃圾桶中。没有人会购买专门用于垃圾桶的塑料袋。
但如今，各种类型和尺寸的垃圾袋已成为每个中国家庭的必备品。最受欢迎的是垃圾袋，装满后，侧面有两条拉绳，可以拉动以关闭袋子。这样，您就可以抬起重垃圾而不必担心它溢出：
But today, various types and sizes of trash bags are essential in every Chinese household. The most popular ones are the trash bags that, when full, have two drawstrings on the sides that can be pulled to close the bag. This way, you can lift the heavy trash without worrying about it spilling:
而且，这个小细节还有一个演变版本：我记得2005年我刚结婚时，用来装垃圾桶的塑料袋是菜市场的塑料袋。人们购买蔬菜后收集这些塑料袋，并将其放入垃圾桶中。没有人会购买专门用于垃圾桶的塑料袋。
但如今，各种类型和尺寸的垃圾袋已成为每个中国家庭的必备品。最受欢迎的是垃圾袋，装满后，侧面有两条拉绳，可以拉动以关闭袋子。这样，您就可以抬起重垃圾而不必担心它溢出：
My second memory is about littering. I remember when I was in elementary school, around 1992. My mother took me to a newly built park. As we walked, I was eating peanuts and casually throwing the shells on the ground.
A sanitation worker stopped me, but my mother argued with her because she didn't see a problem with throwing peanut shells on the grass. We thought that even if we didn't litter, the wind would blow leaves onto the grass. Prohibiting littering was a common slogan on radio, newspapers, and television in China at that time. It’s important to note that because people didn't care about environmental cleanliness, the government used all mass media to educate the public.
我的第二个记忆是关于乱扔垃圾的。记得1992年左右，我上小学的时候，妈妈带我去了一个新建的公园。一边走，我一边吃着花生，随手把花生壳扔在地上。
环卫工人拦住了我，但我妈妈却和她争论，因为她不认为把花生壳扔在草地上有什么问题。我们以为即使我们不乱扔垃圾，风也会把树叶吹到草地上。禁止乱扔垃圾是当时中国广播、报纸、电视上常见的口号。值得注意的是，由于人们不关心环境清洁，政府利用所有大众媒体来教育公众。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
A sanitation worker stopped me, but my mother argued with her because she didn't see a problem with throwing peanut shells on the grass. We thought that even if we didn't litter, the wind would blow leaves onto the grass. Prohibiting littering was a common slogan on radio, newspapers, and television in China at that time. It’s important to note that because people didn't care about environmental cleanliness, the government used all mass media to educate the public.
我的第二个记忆是关于乱扔垃圾的。记得1992年左右，我上小学的时候，妈妈带我去了一个新建的公园。一边走，我一边吃着花生，随手把花生壳扔在地上。
环卫工人拦住了我，但我妈妈却和她争论，因为她不认为把花生壳扔在草地上有什么问题。我们以为即使我们不乱扔垃圾，风也会把树叶吹到草地上。禁止乱扔垃圾是当时中国广播、报纸、电视上常见的口号。值得注意的是，由于人们不关心环境清洁，政府利用所有大众媒体来教育公众。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
This situation didn't significantly improve even by the late 1990s. In 2000, a Chinese TV station released a popular crime drama called "The Struggle Between Black and White," which depicted the solving of a dismemberment case. The most intriguing aspect of this series was that it featured almost no professional actors! Nearly all the key roles were played by ordinary people, and all the police officers and detectives were the actual officers who solved the case.
Since this drama was released in 2000, it reflected the urban landscape of China at that time. The city in the show had a fictional name, "Beihuan City," but everyone who watched it could recognize it as xi'an, the city with the Terracotta Army. You could see paper scraps, plastic bags, and other trash flying along the main roads of the city.
即使到了20世纪90年代末，这种情况也没有明显改善。 2000年，中国一家电视台推出了一部热门犯罪剧《黑白之争》，讲述了肢解案件的侦破。这个系列最有趣的一点是它几乎没有专业演员！几乎所有的关键角色都是普通人扮演的，所有的警察和侦探都是真正破案的警察。
该剧自2000年上映以来，反映了当时中国的城市风貌。剧中的这座城市有一个虚构的名字“北环城”，但每个看过它的人都能认出它是西安，一座有兵马俑的城市。你可以看到纸屑、塑料袋和其他垃圾沿着城市的主要道路飞舞。
Since this drama was released in 2000, it reflected the urban landscape of China at that time. The city in the show had a fictional name, "Beihuan City," but everyone who watched it could recognize it as xi'an, the city with the Terracotta Army. You could see paper scraps, plastic bags, and other trash flying along the main roads of the city.
即使到了20世纪90年代末，这种情况也没有明显改善。 2000年，中国一家电视台推出了一部热门犯罪剧《黑白之争》，讲述了肢解案件的侦破。这个系列最有趣的一点是它几乎没有专业演员！几乎所有的关键角色都是普通人扮演的，所有的警察和侦探都是真正破案的警察。
该剧自2000年上映以来，反映了当时中国的城市风貌。剧中的这座城市有一个虚构的名字“北环城”，但每个看过它的人都能认出它是西安，一座有兵马俑的城市。你可以看到纸屑、塑料袋和其他垃圾沿着城市的主要道路飞舞。
In today's China, littering is unthinkable. If someone throws a piece of waste paper on a commercial street, people will consider them uncivilized. Within minutes, a sanitation worker will pick it up and throw it into a trash can. A few years ago, a moving car threw a pile of shredded paper out the window. A highway cleaner witnessed this and recorded it on his phone, uploading it online, which sparked public outrage. Eventually, the police used roadside cameras to identify the offender, fined him, and demanded a public apology.
在今天的中国，乱扔垃圾是不可想象的。如果有人在商业街上扔一张废纸，人们会认为他不文明。几分钟之内，环卫工人就会把它捡起来，扔进垃圾桶。几年前，一辆行驶中的汽车将一堆碎纸扔出窗外。一名高速公路清洁工目睹了这一幕，并用手机记录下来并上传到网上，引发了公愤。最终，警方使用路边摄像头识别了肇事者，对他处以罚款，并要求其公开道歉。
在今天的中国，乱扔垃圾是不可想象的。如果有人在商业街上扔一张废纸，人们会认为他不文明。几分钟之内，环卫工人就会把它捡起来，扔进垃圾桶。几年前，一辆行驶中的汽车将一堆碎纸扔出窗外。一名高速公路清洁工目睹了这一幕，并用手机记录下来并上传到网上，引发了公愤。最终，警方使用路边摄像头识别了肇事者，对他处以罚款，并要求其公开道歉。
My child was born in 2010. If he generates trash while playing outside and can't find a trash can, he will keep the trash with him until he gets home to throw it away. Once, he had a runny nose and spent an afternoon playing in the community park. When he returned home, all four of his pockets were filled with used tissues. I asked him why he didn’t throw them in the park's trash cans, and he replied that the park was under renovation and the trash cans were temporarily unavailable.
我的孩子是2010年出生的，如果他在外面玩耍时产生垃圾，找不到垃圾桶，他就会把垃圾留在身边，直到回家再扔掉。有一次，他流鼻涕，在社区公园玩了一下午。当他回到家时，他的四个口袋里都塞满了用过的纸巾。我问他为什么不扔到公园的垃圾桶里，他回答说公园正在装修，垃圾桶暂时没有。
我的孩子是2010年出生的，如果他在外面玩耍时产生垃圾，找不到垃圾桶，他就会把垃圾留在身边，直到回家再扔掉。有一次，他流鼻涕，在社区公园玩了一下午。当他回到家时，他的四个口袋里都塞满了用过的纸巾。我问他为什么不扔到公园的垃圾桶里，他回答说公园正在装修，垃圾桶暂时没有。
My third memory is about vegetable markets. Up until 2005, going to an open-air farmers' market was a challenge. You had to walk on rotting vegetable leaves, wade through the waterlogged seafood section, and endure the nauseating smell of the poultry area just to buy ingredients. In the past decade or so, such farmers' markets have almost disappeared in China. They have been transformed into tall, specialized buildings, with floor-cleaning machines constantly sweeping the floors, and water flowing through specially designed hidden pipes into the city's sewage system. Today, farmers' markets are almost indistinguishable from supermarkets, equipped with elevators, central air conditioning, ventilation systems, Wi-Fi, and each shop having its own independent water supply system.
我的第三个记忆是关于菜市场的。 2005年之前，去露天农贸市场还是一个挑战。为了买食材，你必须踩着腐烂的菜叶，涉水穿过被水淹没的海鲜区，忍受家禽区令人作呕的气味。近十几年来，这样的农贸市场在中国几乎消失了。它们被改造成高大的专门建筑，地板清洁机不断地清扫地板，水通过专门设计的隐藏管道流入城市的污水系统。如今，农贸市场与超市几乎没有什么区别，配备了电梯、中央空调、通风系统、Wi-Fi，每个商铺都有自己独立的供水系统。
我的第三个记忆是关于菜市场的。 2005年之前，去露天农贸市场还是一个挑战。为了买食材，你必须踩着腐烂的菜叶，涉水穿过被水淹没的海鲜区，忍受家禽区令人作呕的气味。近十几年来，这样的农贸市场在中国几乎消失了。它们被改造成高大的专门建筑，地板清洁机不断地清扫地板，水通过专门设计的隐藏管道流入城市的污水系统。如今，农贸市场与超市几乎没有什么区别，配备了电梯、中央空调、通风系统、Wi-Fi，每个商铺都有自己独立的供水系统。
My fourth memory is about public restrooms. The relationship between Chinese people and public restrooms could fill an entire book, as there are many legendary stories. When I was a child, public restrooms did not have flushing systems. Everyone, regardless of gender, had to squat over two concrete slabs. If you weren't careful, you might splash yourself.
Workers would clean the waste once a day. In the summer, Chinese public restrooms would become an unforgettable experience for anyone. In 2006, I bought a book called "Foreigners' Views on China." Some foreigners' most painful memories of China at that time were about "using public restrooms."
我的第四个记忆是关于公共卫生间的。中国人与公厕的关系可以写满一本书，有很多传奇故事。当我还是个孩子的时候，公共厕所没有冲水系统。每个人，无论性别，都必须蹲在两块混凝土板上。如果你不小心的话，你可能会溅到自己身上。
夏天，中国的公厕将成为任何人难忘的经历。 2006年，我买了一本书，叫《外国人眼中的中国》。当时一些外国人对中国最痛苦的记忆就是“上公厕”。
Workers would clean the waste once a day. In the summer, Chinese public restrooms would become an unforgettable experience for anyone. In 2006, I bought a book called "Foreigners' Views on China." Some foreigners' most painful memories of China at that time were about "using public restrooms."
我的第四个记忆是关于公共卫生间的。中国人与公厕的关系可以写满一本书，有很多传奇故事。当我还是个孩子的时候，公共厕所没有冲水系统。每个人，无论性别，都必须蹲在两块混凝土板上。如果你不小心的话，你可能会溅到自己身上。
夏天，中国的公厕将成为任何人难忘的经历。 2006年，我买了一本书，叫《外国人眼中的中国》。当时一些外国人对中国最痛苦的记忆就是“上公厕”。
Today's public restrooms in China are quite a different story. Over the years, as I've traveled across the country with my family, we've encountered all sorts of interesting restrooms. Some restrooms have real-time status systems that show which stalls are occupied. Some provide tissues via QR code scanning. There are even restrooms equipped with sofas and coffee tables for people to wait comfortably. A significant number of public restrooms have "family toilets" designed for family members assisting elderly or young children.
如今中国的公共卫生间却是另一番景象。多年来，当我和家人一起走遍全国时，我们遇到了各种各样有趣的厕所。有些卫生间有实时状态系统，显示哪些隔间已被占用。有些通过扫描二维码提供纸巾。卫生间里甚至还配备了沙发和茶几，供人们舒适地等待。相当多的公共卫生间设有“家庭厕所”，专为帮助老人或幼儿的家庭成员而设计。
如今中国的公共卫生间却是另一番景象。多年来，当我和家人一起走遍全国时，我们遇到了各种各样有趣的厕所。有些卫生间有实时状态系统，显示哪些隔间已被占用。有些通过扫描二维码提供纸巾。卫生间里甚至还配备了沙发和茶几，供人们舒适地等待。相当多的公共卫生间设有“家庭厕所”，专为帮助老人或幼儿的家庭成员而设计。
This summer, we traveled to Qinghai Province in northwest China. The G310 national highway winds through the desolate mountains of Gansu Province for over 100 kilometers. Sometimes, we didn't see another car for half an hour, and I had to make twelve consecutive turns to find a 500-meter straight stretch of road. This area is known for the Qinling Mountains. One afternoon, we stopped at a roadside public restroom in the middle of nowhere, not even near a village. Surprisingly, it was a well-appointed restroom, equipped with large mirrors, washbasins, stainless steel faucets, and running water. Though I'm not sure if it was tap water or spring water, in the 37°C heat that day, the water felt ice-cold on my hands. The restroom had four rooms: men's, women's, a "handicapped toilet," and a "management room." It had a functional flushing system, clean tile floors, intact stalls, and a working ventilation system.
今年夏天，我们去了中国西北部的青海省。 G310国道蜿蜒穿过甘肃省的荒山，全长100多公里。有时，半个小时都没有看到另一辆车，我必须连续转十二个弯才能找到一条500米的直路。该地区因秦岭而闻名。一天下午，我们在一个路边的公共厕所前停了下来，这个厕所位于一个偏僻的地方，甚至不靠近村庄。令人惊讶的是，这是一个设施齐全的卫生间，配有大镜子、洗脸盆、不锈钢水龙头和自来水。虽然不知道是自来水还是泉水，但那天37℃的高温下，水摸到手上感觉冰凉。洗手间有男厕、女厕、“残疾人厕所”、“管理室”四个房间。它有一个功能齐全的冲水系统、干净的瓷砖地板、完整的隔间和一个工作的通风系统。
今年夏天，我们去了中国西北部的青海省。 G310国道蜿蜒穿过甘肃省的荒山，全长100多公里。有时，半个小时都没有看到另一辆车，我必须连续转十二个弯才能找到一条500米的直路。该地区因秦岭而闻名。一天下午，我们在一个路边的公共厕所前停了下来，这个厕所位于一个偏僻的地方，甚至不靠近村庄。令人惊讶的是，这是一个设施齐全的卫生间，配有大镜子、洗脸盆、不锈钢水龙头和自来水。虽然不知道是自来水还是泉水，但那天37℃的高温下，水摸到手上感觉冰凉。洗手间有男厕、女厕、“残疾人厕所”、“管理室”四个房间。它有一个功能齐全的冲水系统、干净的瓷砖地板、完整的隔间和一个工作的通风系统。
So, if I were to explain why China is a clean country today, I would summarize based on my experiences: First, extensive and improved infrastructure means people don't need to dirty the environment to use the restroom or buy groceries. Second, trash cans, including recycling bins, are everywhere in cities and towns, so people don't have to search for them. Third, if everything is clean, people are less likely to litter out of embarrassment. In conclusion, China is becoming an increasingly clean and orderly country.
所以，如果让我解释为什么今天的中国是一个干净的国家，我会根据我的经验总结：首先，广泛且完善的基础设施意味着人们不需要污染环境来使用厕所或购买杂货。其次，垃圾桶，包括回收箱，在城镇里随处可见，因此人们不必寻找它们。第三，如果一切都很干净，人们就不太可能因为尴尬而乱扔垃圾。总而言之，中国正在成为一个日益清洁、有序的国家。
评论翻译
@Stephen Yeung
I have travelled to China since the late 80s, and have seen the transformation. One of the biggest improvement is in the public toilets. My standing joke in those early days was that you do not have to ask for directions to a public toilet, just follow your nose.
我从八十年代末开始就去过中国，亲眼目睹了中国的转变。最大的改进之一是公共厕所。我早年常说的笑话是，你不必问去公共厕所的路，只要跟着你的鼻子走就行了。
I have travelled to China since the late 80s, and have seen the transformation. One of the biggest improvement is in the public toilets. My standing joke in those early days was that you do not have to ask for directions to a public toilet, just follow your nose.
我从八十年代末开始就去过中国，亲眼目睹了中国的转变。最大的改进之一是公共厕所。我早年常说的笑话是，你不必问去公共厕所的路，只要跟着你的鼻子走就行了。
@Shin Chan
So india is where china was at in 1990
所以印度就是1990年中国的处境
So india is where china was at in 1990
所以印度就是1990年中国的处境
@Do Chen
No, China in 1990 wasn't as dirty as India is now. In 1990, the Chinese people's public health awareness was poor, but they would throw their daily garbage into the dustbin. The government had a special cleaning department. Every city had a department called "sanitation station", which hired enough workers (we called sanitation workers) to clean up the urban garbage. The garbage in the dustbin would be removed every day. The streets are cleaned every day. This department has existed since the 1950s. I grew up in a small county town. I am now 65 years old. In my memory, the earliest people who got up every morning in childhood were sanitation workers. When we were still asleep, they had already started their day's work.
不，1990年的中国并不像现在的印度那么肮脏。 1990年，中国人的公共卫生意识很差，但他们会把日常垃圾扔进垃圾箱。政府有一个专门的清洁部门。每个城市都有一个叫“环卫站”的部门，雇佣足够的工人（我们叫环卫工人）来清理城市垃圾。垃圾箱里的垃圾每天都会被清除。街道每天都有人打扫。该部门自 20 世纪 50 年代以来就已存在。我在一个小县城长大。我现在65岁了。在我的记忆中，小时候每天早上起得最早的人就是环卫工人。当我们还在睡觉时，他们已经开始了一天的工作。
No, China in 1990 wasn't as dirty as India is now. In 1990, the Chinese people's public health awareness was poor, but they would throw their daily garbage into the dustbin. The government had a special cleaning department. Every city had a department called "sanitation station", which hired enough workers (we called sanitation workers) to clean up the urban garbage. The garbage in the dustbin would be removed every day. The streets are cleaned every day. This department has existed since the 1950s. I grew up in a small county town. I am now 65 years old. In my memory, the earliest people who got up every morning in childhood were sanitation workers. When we were still asleep, they had already started their day's work.
不，1990年的中国并不像现在的印度那么肮脏。 1990年，中国人的公共卫生意识很差，但他们会把日常垃圾扔进垃圾箱。政府有一个专门的清洁部门。每个城市都有一个叫“环卫站”的部门，雇佣足够的工人（我们叫环卫工人）来清理城市垃圾。垃圾箱里的垃圾每天都会被清除。街道每天都有人打扫。该部门自 20 世纪 50 年代以来就已存在。我在一个小县城长大。我现在65岁了。在我的记忆中，小时候每天早上起得最早的人就是环卫工人。当我们还在睡觉时，他们已经开始了一天的工作。
@Yadan Ma
Before China became cleaner, public health campaigns were primarily organized by the government and involved widespread public participation. As early as the 1950s, China initiated extensive environmental cleaning campaigns from the perspective of "disease prevention." However, because these campaigns relied on administrative power, they were difficult to sustain. Today, China's environmental cleanliness is more dependent on the public's own awareness of hygiene.
在中国清洁化之前，公共卫生运动主要由政府组织、公众广泛参与。早在20世纪50年代，中国就从“预防疾病”的角度开展了广泛的环境清理活动。然而，由于这些运动依赖于行政权力，因此难以持续。如今，中国的环境清洁更多地取决于公众自身的卫生意识。
Before China became cleaner, public health campaigns were primarily organized by the government and involved widespread public participation. As early as the 1950s, China initiated extensive environmental cleaning campaigns from the perspective of "disease prevention." However, because these campaigns relied on administrative power, they were difficult to sustain. Today, China's environmental cleanliness is more dependent on the public's own awareness of hygiene.
在中国清洁化之前，公共卫生运动主要由政府组织、公众广泛参与。早在20世纪50年代，中国就从“预防疾病”的角度开展了广泛的环境清理活动。然而，由于这些运动依赖于行政权力，因此难以持续。如今，中国的环境清洁更多地取决于公众自身的卫生意识。
@Frédéric
Chinese government was very smart to lix the hygiene condition with patriotism since 1952, through a continuous “Patriotic Health Campaign” (爱国卫生运动) for decades. If Chinese cities are quite clean today, it was only achieved through decades of hard efforts by the whole society.
中国政府很聪明，从1952年开始，通过持续数十年的“爱国卫生运动”，将卫生状况与爱国主义联系起来。如果说今天中国的城市相当干净，那是全社会几十年努力的结果。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Chinese government was very smart to lix the hygiene condition with patriotism since 1952, through a continuous “Patriotic Health Campaign” (爱国卫生运动) for decades. If Chinese cities are quite clean today, it was only achieved through decades of hard efforts by the whole society.
中国政府很聪明，从1952年开始，通过持续数十年的“爱国卫生运动”，将卫生状况与爱国主义联系起来。如果说今天中国的城市相当干净，那是全社会几十年努力的结果。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
@Kris Wang
If India replaced all its politicians' posters with posters like 'Take care of the environment, don't litter, don't spit', and changed its election funds to buy garbage cans and build public toilets, it would indeed look like China in 1990.
如果印度把政客的海报全部换成“爱护环境、不乱扔垃圾、不随地吐痰”等标语，把选举经费改为购买垃圾桶、修建公厕，确实会像1990年的中国一样。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
If India replaced all its politicians' posters with posters like 'Take care of the environment, don't litter, don't spit', and changed its election funds to buy garbage cans and build public toilets, it would indeed look like China in 1990.
如果印度把政客的海报全部换成“爱护环境、不乱扔垃圾、不随地吐痰”等标语，把选举经费改为购买垃圾桶、修建公厕，确实会像1990年的中国一样。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
@Robert Wu
Thank you very much for updating my knowledge of public sanitation in China. When I travelled in China in 1990s, public toilets were atrocious and scary. Women visitors would empty themselves in their hotel rooms before going out and hoped they would not need to use toilets while they were out and about. It is gratifying to read that China’s sanitation consciousness is elevated and people in general are reluctant to litter. It is a large country with many, many people. It takes herculean effort to change people’s habit and apparently China is achieving it. Congratulations to China.
非常感谢您更新了我对中国公共卫生的知识。 20世纪90年代我在中国旅行时，公共厕所非常糟糕和可怕。女性游客出门前会在酒店房间里排空身体，希望外出时不需要使用厕所。令人欣慰的是，中国的卫生意识不断提高，人们普遍不愿乱扔垃圾。这是一个大国，人口众多。改变人们的习惯需要付出巨大的努力，显然中国正在实现这一目标。恭喜中国。
Thank you very much for updating my knowledge of public sanitation in China. When I travelled in China in 1990s, public toilets were atrocious and scary. Women visitors would empty themselves in their hotel rooms before going out and hoped they would not need to use toilets while they were out and about. It is gratifying to read that China’s sanitation consciousness is elevated and people in general are reluctant to litter. It is a large country with many, many people. It takes herculean effort to change people’s habit and apparently China is achieving it. Congratulations to China.
非常感谢您更新了我对中国公共卫生的知识。 20世纪90年代我在中国旅行时，公共厕所非常糟糕和可怕。女性游客出门前会在酒店房间里排空身体，希望外出时不需要使用厕所。令人欣慰的是，中国的卫生意识不断提高，人们普遍不愿乱扔垃圾。这是一个大国，人口众多。改变人们的习惯需要付出巨大的努力，显然中国正在实现这一目标。恭喜中国。
@Huang Kun
No wonder large number of Indians want to get out of India and migrate to the West.
难怪大量印度人想离开印度移民到西方。
No wonder large number of Indians want to get out of India and migrate to the West.
难怪大量印度人想离开印度移民到西方。
@Prateeksha Acharya
You literally handpicked the worst looking ones from the internet. The conditions of public toilets jas been increasing a lot in india
您实际上是从互联网上精心挑选了看起来最差的。印度公共厕所的条件大幅改善
You literally handpicked the worst looking ones from the internet. The conditions of public toilets jas been increasing a lot in india
您实际上是从互联网上精心挑选了看起来最差的。印度公共厕所的条件大幅改善
@Aravind
This is the average indian public restroom indeed. Having these toilets are bad. Ignoring our flaws is worse
这确实是普通的印度公共卫生间。有这些厕所是很糟糕的。忽视我们的缺点更糟糕
This is the average indian public restroom indeed. Having these toilets are bad. Ignoring our flaws is worse
这确实是普通的印度公共卫生间。有这些厕所是很糟糕的。忽视我们的缺点更糟糕
@Tungku Lee
I am sorry.. I witnessed a few time in my country that people from China threw food wrappings, bottles, cigarettes, cigarettes packages and disposal drinking cups from bubble teas on the floor without second thought.
I am not saying that all Chinese are like that but there are some who disregard the social norms…
我很抱歉..我在我的国家见过几次，来自中国的人们不假思索地将食品包装纸、瓶子、香烟、香烟包装和珍珠奶茶的一次性饮料杯扔在地板上。
我并不是说所有中国人都是这样，但有些人无视社会规范……
I am sorry.. I witnessed a few time in my country that people from China threw food wrappings, bottles, cigarettes, cigarettes packages and disposal drinking cups from bubble teas on the floor without second thought.
I am not saying that all Chinese are like that but there are some who disregard the social norms…
我很抱歉..我在我的国家见过几次，来自中国的人们不假思索地将食品包装纸、瓶子、香烟、香烟包装和珍珠奶茶的一次性饮料杯扔在地板上。
我并不是说所有中国人都是这样，但有些人无视社会规范……
@Nari Kyo
Small countries like Singapore are easy to manage. Imagine the size of China and look at its police density - almost the lowest in the world - and you will know that people rely almost entirely on self-awareness for self-restraint.
As a police officer, I can't imagine how I would fine citizens for chewing gum. It’s impossible.
像新加坡这样的小国家很容易管理。想象一下中国的面积，看看它的警察密度——几乎是世界上最低的——你就会知道，人们几乎完全依靠自我意识来自我约束。
作为一名警察，我无法想象我会如何对嚼口香糖的公民进行罚款。不可能。
Small countries like Singapore are easy to manage. Imagine the size of China and look at its police density - almost the lowest in the world - and you will know that people rely almost entirely on self-awareness for self-restraint.
As a police officer, I can't imagine how I would fine citizens for chewing gum. It’s impossible.
像新加坡这样的小国家很容易管理。想象一下中国的面积，看看它的警察密度——几乎是世界上最低的——你就会知道，人们几乎完全依靠自我意识来自我约束。
作为一名警察，我无法想象我会如何对嚼口香糖的公民进行罚款。不可能。
@Tungku Lee
Actually we don’t. That’s the secret. It’s ok to chew gums in Singapore but it is illegal to sell gums in Singapore.
事实上我们没有。这就是秘密。在新加坡嚼口香糖是可以的，但在新加坡出售口香糖是违法的。
Actually we don’t. That’s the secret. It’s ok to chew gums in Singapore but it is illegal to sell gums in Singapore.
事实上我们没有。这就是秘密。在新加坡嚼口香糖是可以的，但在新加坡出售口香糖是违法的。
@Nari Kyo
So that’s the trick. I see.
这就是窍门。我明白了。
So that’s the trick. I see.
这就是窍门。我明白了。
@Henry Chiu
If China did that, then the west would accuse China of no human right.
如果中国这样做，西方就会指责中国没有人权。
If China did that, then the west would accuse China of no human right.
如果中国这样做，西方就会指责中国没有人权。
@Tungku Lee
Bit I am going to spend 2 months in China for traveling and I shall see first hand on how clean is China. I do learn that China first tier cities are very clean.
我将在中国旅行两个月，我将亲眼目睹中国有多干净。我确实了解到中国一线城市非常干净。
Bit I am going to spend 2 months in China for traveling and I shall see first hand on how clean is China. I do learn that China first tier cities are very clean.
我将在中国旅行两个月，我将亲眼目睹中国有多干净。我确实了解到中国一线城市非常干净。
@Nari Kyo
I'm looking forward to you making a comparison. Good luck on your journey.
我期待您的比较。祝你好运。
I'm looking forward to you making a comparison. Good luck on your journey.
我期待您的比较。祝你好运。
@Ashby Lisbon
You sure they were from China and not older senior Chinese immigrants?
你确定他们来自中国而不是年长的中国老年移民吗？
You sure they were from China and not older senior Chinese immigrants?
你确定他们来自中国而不是年长的中国老年移民吗？
@Tungku Lee
Yes. The reason I witnessed all these is just because I do my round of picking up rubbish around the neighborhood. For the almost passed one year, I have to stop people from dumping and most of the time, they are old Chinese people and children under their care. But there are some Indian migrants workers who also throwing rubbish everywhere.
As for Singaporeans, I won’t lie. Some did throw their rubbish very carelessly.
是的。我之所以目睹这一切，只是因为我在附近捡垃圾。快一年了，我必须阻止人们倾倒垃圾，大多数时候，他们是中国的老人和他们照顾的孩子。但也有一些印度民工也随地乱扔垃圾。
至于新加坡人，我不会撒谎。有些人确实很不小心地扔垃圾。
Yes. The reason I witnessed all these is just because I do my round of picking up rubbish around the neighborhood. For the almost passed one year, I have to stop people from dumping and most of the time, they are old Chinese people and children under their care. But there are some Indian migrants workers who also throwing rubbish everywhere.
As for Singaporeans, I won’t lie. Some did throw their rubbish very carelessly.
是的。我之所以目睹这一切，只是因为我在附近捡垃圾。快一年了，我必须阻止人们倾倒垃圾，大多数时候，他们是中国的老人和他们照顾的孩子。但也有一些印度民工也随地乱扔垃圾。
至于新加坡人，我不会撒谎。有些人确实很不小心地扔垃圾。
@Shu Liu
There indeed are that kind of people. And I guess those people you see must be elder generations.
确实有这样的人。我猜你看到的这些人一定是老一辈了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
There indeed are that kind of people. And I guess those people you see must be elder generations.
确实有这样的人。我猜你看到的这些人一定是老一辈了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
@Yadan Ma Yes, especially among the elderly. Last July, I visited a museum in Shandong Province and witnessed a group of elderly people (mainly women). They crossed the caution lines, hugged the sculptures for photos, or even stepped onto ancient boats displayed as artifacts and took pictures while sitting on them. Their behavior angered other visitors, who criticized them and called security and museum staff. In the end, the group had to leave the museum. It was really embarrassing.
是的，尤其是老年人。去年7月，我参观了山东省的一家博物馆，亲眼目睹了一群老人（主要是妇女）。他们越过警戒线，拥抱雕塑拍照，甚至登上作为文物展示的古船，坐在船上拍照。他们的行为激怒了其他游客，他们批评了他们，并打电话给保安和博物馆工作人员。最后，一行人不得不离开博物馆。实在是太尴尬了。
是的，尤其是老年人。去年7月，我参观了山东省的一家博物馆，亲眼目睹了一群老人（主要是妇女）。他们越过警戒线，拥抱雕塑拍照，甚至登上作为文物展示的古船，坐在船上拍照。他们的行为激怒了其他游客，他们批评了他们，并打电话给保安和博物馆工作人员。最后，一行人不得不离开博物馆。实在是太尴尬了。
@Shu Liu
Remind me of this news, this old grandma is really terrifying and scary. Finally they even couldn’t get check in at any hotel at that time.
让我想起这个新闻，这个老奶奶真是太可怕了，太可怕了。最后他们当时甚至无法在任何酒店办理入住。
Remind me of this news, this old grandma is really terrifying and scary. Finally they even couldn’t get check in at any hotel at that time.
让我想起这个新闻，这个老奶奶真是太可怕了，太可怕了。最后他们当时甚至无法在任何酒店办理入住。
@Tungku Lee
Most are elder generation help taking care of their grand children(cannot be too sure) and som3 children under their care…
大多数是老一辈帮忙照顾他们的孙子（不能太确定）和他们照顾的一些孩子......
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Most are elder generation help taking care of their grand children(cannot be too sure) and som3 children under their care…
大多数是老一辈帮忙照顾他们的孙子（不能太确定）和他们照顾的一些孩子......
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
@Tungku Lee
They are not taught about the behavior when they were young. We the younger people should help pick them up and educate them. Happened everywhere。
他们年轻时没有被教导过这种行为。我们年轻人应该帮助接他们、教育他们。到处都发生过
They are not taught about the behavior when they were young. We the younger people should help pick them up and educate them. Happened everywhere。
他们年轻时没有被教导过这种行为。我们年轻人应该帮助接他们、教育他们。到处都发生过
@Cheong Tee
I visited an old “hutong" area in Beijing in 2019, and saw that the public washroom was absolutely filthy and stinky, like how nothing was improved since 1960s. Hope that things are better now, even in an old district.
2019年，我参观了北京的一个老“胡同”地区，看到公共厕所又脏又臭，就像20世纪60年代以来没有任何改善一样。希望现在情况有所好转，即使是在老城区。
I visited an old “hutong" area in Beijing in 2019, and saw that the public washroom was absolutely filthy and stinky, like how nothing was improved since 1960s. Hope that things are better now, even in an old district.
2019年，我参观了北京的一个老“胡同”地区，看到公共厕所又脏又臭，就像20世纪60年代以来没有任何改善一样。希望现在情况有所好转，即使是在老城区。
@Yadan MaThe renovation of old urban communities in China has been ongoing for 20 years. Before the renovation, most toilets were like the ones you described. After the renovation, almost 100% of the toilets are like the ones shown in the photos I provided. Given that the renovation of old urban areas is a massive, long-term project, it's very likely that some old communities in Beijing had not yet been renovated during your visit.
中国的城市老旧小区改造已经持续了20年。改造前，大部分厕所都是像你描述的那样。改造后，几乎100%的厕所都是我提供的照片中的样子。由于旧城区改造是一项浩大、长期的工程，在您访问期间，北京的一些老旧小区很可能还没有得到改造。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
中国的城市老旧小区改造已经持续了20年。改造前，大部分厕所都是像你描述的那样。改造后，几乎100%的厕所都是我提供的照片中的样子。由于旧城区改造是一项浩大、长期的工程，在您访问期间，北京的一些老旧小区很可能还没有得到改造。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
@Oileng Lai
By golly Mr Ma..China hit the nail on its head.. EDUCATE & FACILITATE.. CHINA IS WHOLLY PRACTICAL. the Chinese mental is economics and marrying this with CPC engineer mental created blue skies and a great big beautiful HOME 加油
马先生写的。中国一针见血。教育和促进。中国是完全务实的。中国人的精神就是经济，将其与中G工程师的精神结合起来，创造了蓝天和伟大而美丽的家园加油
By golly Mr Ma..China hit the nail on its head.. EDUCATE & FACILITATE.. CHINA IS WHOLLY PRACTICAL. the Chinese mental is economics and marrying this with CPC engineer mental created blue skies and a great big beautiful HOME 加油
马先生写的。中国一针见血。教育和促进。中国是完全务实的。中国人的精神就是经济，将其与中G工程师的精神结合起来，创造了蓝天和伟大而美丽的家园加油
@Ian Chen
Regarding the public toilets, I’m sure they have come a long way already, however, I think they can still be improved, although it could be more about raising the public or civic awareness of more people than improving the infrastructure themselves.
This is from my personal experience which may not be for true everyone, I’ve found that except for the toilets in the really high end luxury malls that have dedicated personnel that keep it clean constantly, many other ones although modern often smell quite bad, and are some what dirty, many people also smoke in them, this is usually even more the case in the smaller cities.
关于公共厕所，我确信它们已经取得了很大的进步，但是，我认为它们仍然可以改进，尽管这可能更多的是为了提高公众或更多人的公民意识，而不是改善基础设施本身。
这是我个人的经历，可能并不适合所有人，我发现除了真正高端豪华商场的厕所有专门的人员经常保持清洁外，很多其他现代的厕所虽然经常闻起来很臭，而且有些肮脏，很多人还在里面抽烟，在小城市更是如此。
Regarding the public toilets, I’m sure they have come a long way already, however, I think they can still be improved, although it could be more about raising the public or civic awareness of more people than improving the infrastructure themselves.
This is from my personal experience which may not be for true everyone, I’ve found that except for the toilets in the really high end luxury malls that have dedicated personnel that keep it clean constantly, many other ones although modern often smell quite bad, and are some what dirty, many people also smoke in them, this is usually even more the case in the smaller cities.
关于公共厕所，我确信它们已经取得了很大的进步，但是，我认为它们仍然可以改进，尽管这可能更多的是为了提高公众或更多人的公民意识，而不是改善基础设施本身。
这是我个人的经历，可能并不适合所有人，我发现除了真正高端豪华商场的厕所有专门的人员经常保持清洁外，很多其他现代的厕所虽然经常闻起来很臭，而且有些肮脏，很多人还在里面抽烟，在小城市更是如此。
@Lù Shèng An
I wonder whether cheap 5G sensors and robots in the future can make toilet maintenance even easier.
我想知道未来廉价的5G传感器和机器人是否可以让厕所维护变得更加容易。
I wonder whether cheap 5G sensors and robots in the future can make toilet maintenance even easier.
我想知道未来廉价的5G传感器和机器人是否可以让厕所维护变得更加容易。
@Deepak Yadav
In India the doing Corruption and Crimes by the Politicians is treated as clean. In China doing Crimes and Corruption is treated as unclean. In China the State provides Citizens Healthcare, Education and lots of Incentives to Manufacturing Sectors. In India The Government provides nothing except taxes no Security, no Healthcare, no Education and no Incentives to Manufacturing Sectors. India is far-far away from China in everything but located very close Geographically and in Population stats mostly.
在印度，政客的腐败和犯罪行为被视为干净。在中国，犯罪和腐败被视为不洁行为。在中国，国家为公民提供医疗保健、教育以及对制造业的大量激励措施。在印度，政府除了税收之外什么也不提供，没有安全，没有医疗保健，没有教育，也没有对制造业的激励措施。印度在各方面都与中国相距甚远，但在地理和人口统计方面却非常接近。
In India the doing Corruption and Crimes by the Politicians is treated as clean. In China doing Crimes and Corruption is treated as unclean. In China the State provides Citizens Healthcare, Education and lots of Incentives to Manufacturing Sectors. In India The Government provides nothing except taxes no Security, no Healthcare, no Education and no Incentives to Manufacturing Sectors. India is far-far away from China in everything but located very close Geographically and in Population stats mostly.
在印度，政客的腐败和犯罪行为被视为干净。在中国，犯罪和腐败被视为不洁行为。在中国，国家为公民提供医疗保健、教育以及对制造业的大量激励措施。在印度，政府除了税收之外什么也不提供，没有安全，没有医疗保健，没有教育，也没有对制造业的激励措施。印度在各方面都与中国相距甚远，但在地理和人口统计方面却非常接近。
@Srinivas Varanasi
This is indeed a great story. I would love to know what made this possible in terms of public awareness, government initiatives etc
这确实是一个很棒的故事。我很想知道是什么让这一切在公众意识、政府举措等方面成为可能
This is indeed a great story. I would love to know what made this possible in terms of public awareness, government initiatives etc
这确实是一个很棒的故事。我很想知道是什么让这一切在公众意识、政府举措等方面成为可能
@Desmond Tao
I was in a small tier 2 city in China earlier this year, it's cleaner than London! Was shocked how much litter was blowing around the streets in London and there were litter bins all down the street. It boils down to lack of civic duty and pride in your surroundings.
今年早些时候我去过中国的一个二线小城市，那里比伦敦还干净！令人震惊的是，伦敦街道上到处都是垃圾，街道上到处都是垃圾箱。归根结底是缺乏公民义务和对周围环境的自豪感。
I was in a small tier 2 city in China earlier this year, it's cleaner than London! Was shocked how much litter was blowing around the streets in London and there were litter bins all down the street. It boils down to lack of civic duty and pride in your surroundings.
今年早些时候我去过中国的一个二线小城市，那里比伦敦还干净！令人震惊的是，伦敦街道上到处都是垃圾，街道上到处都是垃圾箱。归根结底是缺乏公民义务和对周围环境的自豪感。
@Kris Wang
I remember when I was a child, using public toilet costs 0.5 yuan a time, the doorman gave a pack of napkins, so the public toilet was a maggot heaven. This kind of consumption was necessary for privacy-conscious women, men rarely paid for it, and their toilets were in alleys or behind trees. Of course, everyone knows, we should pay attention to public hygiene, as long as compliance with this code is free, which is why public toilets in China are now free.They are not very comfortable to use (you need to crouch down) and lack toilet paper. But the cost of cleaning and maintenance is very low, but the purpose of keeping the city clean has been achieved
记得小时候，使用公厕要0.5元一次，门童还送一包餐巾纸，所以公厕简直就是蛆虫的天堂。这种消费对于注重隐私的女性来说是必要的，男性很少为此付费，而且他们的厕所在小巷或树后。当然，大家都知道，我们要注意公共卫生，只要遵守这个规范就是免费的，这就是为什么现在中国的公厕都是免费的。用起来不太舒服（需要蹲着）而且缺乏卫生纸。但清洁维护成本很低，却达到了保持城市清洁的目的
I remember when I was a child, using public toilet costs 0.5 yuan a time, the doorman gave a pack of napkins, so the public toilet was a maggot heaven. This kind of consumption was necessary for privacy-conscious women, men rarely paid for it, and their toilets were in alleys or behind trees. Of course, everyone knows, we should pay attention to public hygiene, as long as compliance with this code is free, which is why public toilets in China are now free.They are not very comfortable to use (you need to crouch down) and lack toilet paper. But the cost of cleaning and maintenance is very low, but the purpose of keeping the city clean has been achieved
记得小时候，使用公厕要0.5元一次，门童还送一包餐巾纸，所以公厕简直就是蛆虫的天堂。这种消费对于注重隐私的女性来说是必要的，男性很少为此付费，而且他们的厕所在小巷或树后。当然，大家都知道，我们要注意公共卫生，只要遵守这个规范就是免费的，这就是为什么现在中国的公厕都是免费的。用起来不太舒服（需要蹲着）而且缺乏卫生纸。但清洁维护成本很低，却达到了保持城市清洁的目的
@PedroWhat I really dislike is the still very widespread smoking in public toilets in China, although there are “no smoking” signs all over the place. At many places, even in newly built shopping malls, you're still not allowed to flush the used toilet paper to prevent clogging. There is a bin for it in the corner, with appropriate smell level. But it is gradually getting better every year and toilets in highly frequented tourist spots like the Shanghai Pearl Tower are spotless.
我真正不喜欢的是，尽管到处都有“禁止吸烟”的标志，但中国的公共厕所里吸烟现象仍然很普遍。在很多地方，甚至在新建的购物中心，仍然不允许用过的卫生纸冲掉，以防止堵塞。角落里有一个垃圾箱，气味水平适当。但情况每年都在逐渐好转，上海明珠塔等热门旅游景点的厕所一尘不染。
我真正不喜欢的是，尽管到处都有“禁止吸烟”的标志，但中国的公共厕所里吸烟现象仍然很普遍。在很多地方，甚至在新建的购物中心，仍然不允许用过的卫生纸冲掉，以防止堵塞。角落里有一个垃圾箱，气味水平适当。但情况每年都在逐渐好转，上海明珠塔等热门旅游景点的厕所一尘不染。
@Arundhati Shetty
So habits changed by consistently repeating action people must take ..I think India should adopt it as well instead of just hoardings of CLean India /Swach bharat actual actions like put waste in Dust bin, Do not Piss in Public places , clean public toilet after use should be put on hoardings as well as advt in youtube videos
因此，通过不断劝导和教育的行动来改变习惯。我认为印度也应该采用它，而不仅仅是靠围板清洁印度，需要实际行动，例如将废物放入垃圾桶，不要在公共场所小便，事后清洁公共厕所应在围板和在YouTube视频中播放公益广告
So habits changed by consistently repeating action people must take ..I think India should adopt it as well instead of just hoardings of CLean India /Swach bharat actual actions like put waste in Dust bin, Do not Piss in Public places , clean public toilet after use should be put on hoardings as well as advt in youtube videos
因此，通过不断劝导和教育的行动来改变习惯。我认为印度也应该采用它，而不仅仅是靠围板清洁印度，需要实际行动，例如将废物放入垃圾桶，不要在公共场所小便，事后清洁公共厕所应在围板和在YouTube视频中播放公益广告
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