西方专家们对俄罗斯的核武新学说做出了反应（一）
正文翻译
Most agree the changes are intended to serve as a warning to Western countries supplying long-range missiles to Ukraine
大多数人认为，这些变化是为了警告向乌克兰提供远程导弹的西方国家
Russia’s new nuclear doctrine will likely force the US and other Western nations to reconsider their military support for Ukraine, defense and political experts have said after Vladimir Putin officially signed the new rules on Tuesday.
The new doctrine states that Moscow will have the right to consider the nuclear option if Russia or Belarus come under attack by conventional arms and if such aggression creates a “critical threat” to their sovereignty or territorial integrity.
国防和政治专家在弗拉基米尔·普京周二正式签署新规则后表示，俄罗斯的新核政策可能会迫使美国和其他西方国家重新考虑对乌克兰的军事支持。
新原则规定，如果俄罗斯或白俄罗斯遭受常规武器攻击，且这种攻击对其主权或领土完整造成“严重威胁”，莫斯科将有权考虑采取核选择。
Additionally, any act of aggression by a non-nuclear state with the participation of a nuclear state against Russia will now be regarded as a joint attack and could also trigger the new doctrine.
Following the publication of the revised rules, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov explained that the new doctrine effectively gives Russia the right to consider a nuclear response to the use of Western-supplied non-nuclear missiles by Kiev against Russian territories.
此外，任何无核国家在有核国家参与的情况下对俄罗斯采取的侵略行为都将被视为联合攻击，并可能触发新的原则。
修订规则公布后，克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫解释说，新规则实际上赋予俄罗斯对基辅使用西方提供的非核导弹袭击俄罗斯领土考虑采取核报复的权利。
According to author and war correspondent Thomas Roeper, outgoing President Joe Biden is making it difficult for President-elect Donald Trump to find a peaceful solution to the Ukraine conflict. “This decision... [allowing Ukraine to shoot] at Russia with long-distance rockets, and the possible answer of Russia, will make it more complicated for Trump to get out of this conflict,” he told RT on Tuesday.
While Russian President Vladimir Putin has tried to be cautious throughout the Ukraine conflict to avoid escalation, the current US administration seems to be doing the opposite, according to political strategist and commentator Anthony Webber.
据作家兼战地记者托马斯·罗珀称，即将离任的总统乔·拜登让当选总统唐纳德·特朗普难以找到乌克兰冲突的和平解决方案。
他周二对 RT 表示：“这一决定……（允许乌克兰向俄罗斯发射远程火箭），以及俄罗斯可能采取的回应，将使特朗普摆脱这场冲突变得更加复杂。”
政治策略师兼评论员安东尼·韦伯表示，尽管俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在整个乌克兰冲突期间都试图保持谨慎，以避免局势升级，但现任美国政府似乎却在做相反的事情。
“Who knows who’s actually in charge in Washington, but it’s certainly a very reckless decision [to allow Ukraine to use American long-range missiles to strike Russian territory], and encourages some reckless politicians in Europe to follow suit,” he told RT.
Former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, who is now the deputy chairman of the National Security Council, said the new rules have the potential to trigger a third world war if Kiev decides to use NATO weapons to attack Russia.
他告诉 RT：“谁知道华盛顿实际上谁在掌权，但这无疑是一个非常鲁莽的决定（允许乌克兰使用美国远程导弹袭击俄罗斯领土），并鼓励欧洲一些鲁莽的政客效仿。”
俄罗斯前总统、现任国家安全委员会副主席德米特里·梅德韦杰夫表示，如果基辅决定使用北约武器攻击俄罗斯，新规定有可能引发第三次世界大战。
“In this case, the right arises to launch a retaliatory strike with weapons of mass destruction against Kiev and the main NATO facilities, wherever they are. And this is already WWIII,” he wrote on his Telegram channel, warning that Ukraine and its allies should be prepared for such retaliatory measures.
Andrey Klimov, who serves as the deputy chairman of parliamentary international affairs committee, said the provisions of the revised doctrine would likely be “carefully studied in the near future in unfriendly states,” and expressed hope that they will draw the appropriate conclusions and realize that “one should not play with fire.”
“在这种情况下，我们就有权利对基辅和北约主要设施（无论它们位于何处）发动大规模杀伤性武器的报复性打击。这已经是第三次世界大战了，”他在自己的电报频道上写道，并警告乌克兰及其盟友应该为此类报复措施做好准备。
俄罗斯议会国际事务委员会副主席安德烈·克里莫夫表示，修订后的《条约》的规定很可能“在不久的将来得到不友好国家的仔细研究”，并表示希望他们得出适当的结论，并意识到“不应该玩火”。
The deputy head of the State Duma Defense Committee, Yuri Shvytkin, has also claimed that France and the UK should now realize that any attack on Russia using their weapons would immediately draw a retaliation from Moscow.
“I think that an unambiguous, clear signal has been given to Western countries about the inadmissibility of supplying these types of weapons to the Ukrainian Armed Forces militants,” Shvytkin said.
国家杜马国防委员会副主席尤里·什维特金也声称，法国和英国现在应该意识到，任何使用其武器袭击俄罗斯的行为都会立即遭到莫斯科的报复。
什维特金说：“我认为，我们向西方国家发出了明确、清晰的信号，不允许向乌克兰武装部队武装分子提供此类武器。”
Meanwhile, the head of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, Vladimir Bulavin, told TASS that Moscow continues to see nuclear weapons exclusively as an instrument of deterrence and considers their use only as a last resort.
He explained that the new rules were aimed at “ensuring strategic stability and predictability,” and do not imply “an automatic change in the nature of the actions being taken.”
与此同时，俄罗斯联邦委员会国防和安全委员会主席弗拉基米尔·布拉文告诉塔斯社，莫斯科仍然将核武器视为一种唯一的威慑手段，并认为使用核武器只是最后的手段。
他解释说，新规则旨在“确保战略稳定和可预见性”，并不意味着“正在采取的行动性质会自动改变”。
Most agree the changes are intended to serve as a warning to Western countries supplying long-range missiles to Ukraine
大多数人认为，这些变化是为了警告向乌克兰提供远程导弹的西方国家
Russia’s new nuclear doctrine will likely force the US and other Western nations to reconsider their military support for Ukraine, defense and political experts have said after Vladimir Putin officially signed the new rules on Tuesday.
The new doctrine states that Moscow will have the right to consider the nuclear option if Russia or Belarus come under attack by conventional arms and if such aggression creates a “critical threat” to their sovereignty or territorial integrity.
国防和政治专家在弗拉基米尔·普京周二正式签署新规则后表示，俄罗斯的新核政策可能会迫使美国和其他西方国家重新考虑对乌克兰的军事支持。
新原则规定，如果俄罗斯或白俄罗斯遭受常规武器攻击，且这种攻击对其主权或领土完整造成“严重威胁”，莫斯科将有权考虑采取核选择。
Additionally, any act of aggression by a non-nuclear state with the participation of a nuclear state against Russia will now be regarded as a joint attack and could also trigger the new doctrine.
Following the publication of the revised rules, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov explained that the new doctrine effectively gives Russia the right to consider a nuclear response to the use of Western-supplied non-nuclear missiles by Kiev against Russian territories.
此外，任何无核国家在有核国家参与的情况下对俄罗斯采取的侵略行为都将被视为联合攻击，并可能触发新的原则。
修订规则公布后，克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫解释说，新规则实际上赋予俄罗斯对基辅使用西方提供的非核导弹袭击俄罗斯领土考虑采取核报复的权利。
According to author and war correspondent Thomas Roeper, outgoing President Joe Biden is making it difficult for President-elect Donald Trump to find a peaceful solution to the Ukraine conflict. “This decision... [allowing Ukraine to shoot] at Russia with long-distance rockets, and the possible answer of Russia, will make it more complicated for Trump to get out of this conflict,” he told RT on Tuesday.
While Russian President Vladimir Putin has tried to be cautious throughout the Ukraine conflict to avoid escalation, the current US administration seems to be doing the opposite, according to political strategist and commentator Anthony Webber.
据作家兼战地记者托马斯·罗珀称，即将离任的总统乔·拜登让当选总统唐纳德·特朗普难以找到乌克兰冲突的和平解决方案。
他周二对 RT 表示：“这一决定……（允许乌克兰向俄罗斯发射远程火箭），以及俄罗斯可能采取的回应，将使特朗普摆脱这场冲突变得更加复杂。”
政治策略师兼评论员安东尼·韦伯表示，尽管俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在整个乌克兰冲突期间都试图保持谨慎，以避免局势升级，但现任美国政府似乎却在做相反的事情。
“Who knows who’s actually in charge in Washington, but it’s certainly a very reckless decision [to allow Ukraine to use American long-range missiles to strike Russian territory], and encourages some reckless politicians in Europe to follow suit,” he told RT.
Former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, who is now the deputy chairman of the National Security Council, said the new rules have the potential to trigger a third world war if Kiev decides to use NATO weapons to attack Russia.
他告诉 RT：“谁知道华盛顿实际上谁在掌权，但这无疑是一个非常鲁莽的决定（允许乌克兰使用美国远程导弹袭击俄罗斯领土），并鼓励欧洲一些鲁莽的政客效仿。”
俄罗斯前总统、现任国家安全委员会副主席德米特里·梅德韦杰夫表示，如果基辅决定使用北约武器攻击俄罗斯，新规定有可能引发第三次世界大战。
“In this case, the right arises to launch a retaliatory strike with weapons of mass destruction against Kiev and the main NATO facilities, wherever they are. And this is already WWIII,” he wrote on his Telegram channel, warning that Ukraine and its allies should be prepared for such retaliatory measures.
Andrey Klimov, who serves as the deputy chairman of parliamentary international affairs committee, said the provisions of the revised doctrine would likely be “carefully studied in the near future in unfriendly states,” and expressed hope that they will draw the appropriate conclusions and realize that “one should not play with fire.”
“在这种情况下，我们就有权利对基辅和北约主要设施（无论它们位于何处）发动大规模杀伤性武器的报复性打击。这已经是第三次世界大战了，”他在自己的电报频道上写道，并警告乌克兰及其盟友应该为此类报复措施做好准备。
俄罗斯议会国际事务委员会副主席安德烈·克里莫夫表示，修订后的《条约》的规定很可能“在不久的将来得到不友好国家的仔细研究”，并表示希望他们得出适当的结论，并意识到“不应该玩火”。
The deputy head of the State Duma Defense Committee, Yuri Shvytkin, has also claimed that France and the UK should now realize that any attack on Russia using their weapons would immediately draw a retaliation from Moscow.
“I think that an unambiguous, clear signal has been given to Western countries about the inadmissibility of supplying these types of weapons to the Ukrainian Armed Forces militants,” Shvytkin said.
国家杜马国防委员会副主席尤里·什维特金也声称，法国和英国现在应该意识到，任何使用其武器袭击俄罗斯的行为都会立即遭到莫斯科的报复。
什维特金说：“我认为，我们向西方国家发出了明确、清晰的信号，不允许向乌克兰武装部队武装分子提供此类武器。”
Meanwhile, the head of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, Vladimir Bulavin, told TASS that Moscow continues to see nuclear weapons exclusively as an instrument of deterrence and considers their use only as a last resort.
He explained that the new rules were aimed at “ensuring strategic stability and predictability,” and do not imply “an automatic change in the nature of the actions being taken.”
与此同时，俄罗斯联邦委员会国防和安全委员会主席弗拉基米尔·布拉文告诉塔斯社，莫斯科仍然将核武器视为一种唯一的威慑手段，并认为使用核武器只是最后的手段。
他解释说，新规则旨在“确保战略稳定和可预见性”，并不意味着“正在采取的行动性质会自动改变”。
评论翻译
Most agree the changes are intended to serve as a warning to Western countries supplying long-range missiles to Ukraine
大多数人认为，这些变化是为了警告向乌克兰提供远程导弹的西方国家
Russia’s new nuclear doctrine will likely force the US and other Western nations to reconsider their military support for Ukraine, defense and political experts have said after Vladimir Putin officially signed the new rules on Tuesday.
The new doctrine states that Moscow will have the right to consider the nuclear option if Russia or Belarus come under attack by conventional arms and if such aggression creates a “critical threat” to their sovereignty or territorial integrity.
国防和政治专家在弗拉基米尔·普京周二正式签署新规则后表示，俄罗斯的新核政策可能会迫使美国和其他西方国家重新考虑对乌克兰的军事支持。
新原则规定，如果俄罗斯或白俄罗斯遭受常规武器攻击，且这种攻击对其主权或领土完整造成“严重威胁”，莫斯科将有权考虑采取核选择。
Additionally, any act of aggression by a non-nuclear state with the participation of a nuclear state against Russia will now be regarded as a joint attack and could also trigger the new doctrine.
Following the publication of the revised rules, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov explained that the new doctrine effectively gives Russia the right to consider a nuclear response to the use of Western-supplied non-nuclear missiles by Kiev against Russian territories.
此外，任何无核国家在有核国家参与的情况下对俄罗斯采取的侵略行为都将被视为联合攻击，并可能触发新的原则。
修订规则公布后，克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫解释说，新规则实际上赋予俄罗斯对基辅使用西方提供的非核导弹袭击俄罗斯领土考虑采取核报复的权利。
According to author and war correspondent Thomas Roeper, outgoing President Joe Biden is making it difficult for President-elect Donald Trump to find a peaceful solution to the Ukraine conflict. “This decision... [allowing Ukraine to shoot] at Russia with long-distance rockets, and the possible answer of Russia, will make it more complicated for Trump to get out of this conflict,” he told RT on Tuesday.
While Russian President Vladimir Putin has tried to be cautious throughout the Ukraine conflict to avoid escalation, the current US administration seems to be doing the opposite, according to political strategist and commentator Anthony Webber.
据作家兼战地记者托马斯·罗珀称，即将离任的总统乔·拜登让当选总统唐纳德·特朗普难以找到乌克兰冲突的和平解决方案。
他周二对 RT 表示：“这一决定……（允许乌克兰向俄罗斯发射远程火箭），以及俄罗斯可能采取的回应，将使特朗普摆脱这场冲突变得更加复杂。”
政治策略师兼评论员安东尼·韦伯表示，尽管俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在整个乌克兰冲突期间都试图保持谨慎，以避免局势升级，但现任美国政府似乎却在做相反的事情。
“Who knows who’s actually in charge in Washington, but it’s certainly a very reckless decision [to allow Ukraine to use American long-range missiles to strike Russian territory], and encourages some reckless politicians in Europe to follow suit,” he told RT.
Former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, who is now the deputy chairman of the National Security Council, said the new rules have the potential to trigger a third world war if Kiev decides to use NATO weapons to attack Russia.
他告诉 RT：“谁知道华盛顿实际上谁在掌权，但这无疑是一个非常鲁莽的决定（允许乌克兰使用美国远程导弹袭击俄罗斯领土），并鼓励欧洲一些鲁莽的政客效仿。”
俄罗斯前总统、现任国家安全委员会副主席德米特里·梅德韦杰夫表示，如果基辅决定使用北约武器攻击俄罗斯，新规定有可能引发第三次世界大战。
“In this case, the right arises to launch a retaliatory strike with weapons of mass destruction against Kiev and the main NATO facilities, wherever they are. And this is already WWIII,” he wrote on his Telegram channel, warning that Ukraine and its allies should be prepared for such retaliatory measures.
Andrey Klimov, who serves as the deputy chairman of parliamentary international affairs committee, said the provisions of the revised doctrine would likely be “carefully studied in the near future in unfriendly states,” and expressed hope that they will draw the appropriate conclusions and realize that “one should not play with fire.”
“在这种情况下，我们就有权利对基辅和北约主要设施（无论它们位于何处）发动大规模杀伤性武器的报复性打击。这已经是第三次世界大战了，”他在自己的电报频道上写道，并警告乌克兰及其盟友应该为此类报复措施做好准备。
俄罗斯议会国际事务委员会副主席安德烈·克里莫夫表示，修订后的《条约》的规定很可能“在不久的将来得到不友好国家的仔细研究”，并表示希望他们得出适当的结论，并意识到“不应该玩火”。
The deputy head of the State Duma Defense Committee, Yuri Shvytkin, has also claimed that France and the UK should now realize that any attack on Russia using their weapons would immediately draw a retaliation from Moscow.
“I think that an unambiguous, clear signal has been given to Western countries about the inadmissibility of supplying these types of weapons to the Ukrainian Armed Forces militants,” Shvytkin said.
国家杜马国防委员会副主席尤里·什维特金也声称，法国和英国现在应该意识到，任何使用其武器袭击俄罗斯的行为都会立即遭到莫斯科的报复。
什维特金说：“我认为，我们向西方国家发出了明确、清晰的信号，不允许向乌克兰武装部队武装分子提供此类武器。”
Meanwhile, the head of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, Vladimir Bulavin, told TASS that Moscow continues to see nuclear weapons exclusively as an instrument of deterrence and considers their use only as a last resort.
He explained that the new rules were aimed at “ensuring strategic stability and predictability,” and do not imply “an automatic change in the nature of the actions being taken.”
与此同时，俄罗斯联邦委员会国防和安全委员会主席弗拉基米尔·布拉文告诉塔斯社，莫斯科仍然将核武器视为一种唯一的威慑手段，并认为使用核武器只是最后的手段。
他解释说，新规则旨在“确保战略稳定和可预见性”，并不意味着“正在采取的行动性质会自动改变”。
Most agree the changes are intended to serve as a warning to Western countries supplying long-range missiles to Ukraine
大多数人认为，这些变化是为了警告向乌克兰提供远程导弹的西方国家
Russia’s new nuclear doctrine will likely force the US and other Western nations to reconsider their military support for Ukraine, defense and political experts have said after Vladimir Putin officially signed the new rules on Tuesday.
The new doctrine states that Moscow will have the right to consider the nuclear option if Russia or Belarus come under attack by conventional arms and if such aggression creates a “critical threat” to their sovereignty or territorial integrity.
国防和政治专家在弗拉基米尔·普京周二正式签署新规则后表示，俄罗斯的新核政策可能会迫使美国和其他西方国家重新考虑对乌克兰的军事支持。
新原则规定，如果俄罗斯或白俄罗斯遭受常规武器攻击，且这种攻击对其主权或领土完整造成“严重威胁”，莫斯科将有权考虑采取核选择。
Additionally, any act of aggression by a non-nuclear state with the participation of a nuclear state against Russia will now be regarded as a joint attack and could also trigger the new doctrine.
Following the publication of the revised rules, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov explained that the new doctrine effectively gives Russia the right to consider a nuclear response to the use of Western-supplied non-nuclear missiles by Kiev against Russian territories.
此外，任何无核国家在有核国家参与的情况下对俄罗斯采取的侵略行为都将被视为联合攻击，并可能触发新的原则。
修订规则公布后，克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫解释说，新规则实际上赋予俄罗斯对基辅使用西方提供的非核导弹袭击俄罗斯领土考虑采取核报复的权利。
According to author and war correspondent Thomas Roeper, outgoing President Joe Biden is making it difficult for President-elect Donald Trump to find a peaceful solution to the Ukraine conflict. “This decision... [allowing Ukraine to shoot] at Russia with long-distance rockets, and the possible answer of Russia, will make it more complicated for Trump to get out of this conflict,” he told RT on Tuesday.
While Russian President Vladimir Putin has tried to be cautious throughout the Ukraine conflict to avoid escalation, the current US administration seems to be doing the opposite, according to political strategist and commentator Anthony Webber.
据作家兼战地记者托马斯·罗珀称，即将离任的总统乔·拜登让当选总统唐纳德·特朗普难以找到乌克兰冲突的和平解决方案。
他周二对 RT 表示：“这一决定……（允许乌克兰向俄罗斯发射远程火箭），以及俄罗斯可能采取的回应，将使特朗普摆脱这场冲突变得更加复杂。”
政治策略师兼评论员安东尼·韦伯表示，尽管俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在整个乌克兰冲突期间都试图保持谨慎，以避免局势升级，但现任美国政府似乎却在做相反的事情。
“Who knows who’s actually in charge in Washington, but it’s certainly a very reckless decision [to allow Ukraine to use American long-range missiles to strike Russian territory], and encourages some reckless politicians in Europe to follow suit,” he told RT.
Former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, who is now the deputy chairman of the National Security Council, said the new rules have the potential to trigger a third world war if Kiev decides to use NATO weapons to attack Russia.
他告诉 RT：“谁知道华盛顿实际上谁在掌权，但这无疑是一个非常鲁莽的决定（允许乌克兰使用美国远程导弹袭击俄罗斯领土），并鼓励欧洲一些鲁莽的政客效仿。”
俄罗斯前总统、现任国家安全委员会副主席德米特里·梅德韦杰夫表示，如果基辅决定使用北约武器攻击俄罗斯，新规定有可能引发第三次世界大战。
“In this case, the right arises to launch a retaliatory strike with weapons of mass destruction against Kiev and the main NATO facilities, wherever they are. And this is already WWIII,” he wrote on his Telegram channel, warning that Ukraine and its allies should be prepared for such retaliatory measures.
Andrey Klimov, who serves as the deputy chairman of parliamentary international affairs committee, said the provisions of the revised doctrine would likely be “carefully studied in the near future in unfriendly states,” and expressed hope that they will draw the appropriate conclusions and realize that “one should not play with fire.”
“在这种情况下，我们就有权利对基辅和北约主要设施（无论它们位于何处）发动大规模杀伤性武器的报复性打击。这已经是第三次世界大战了，”他在自己的电报频道上写道，并警告乌克兰及其盟友应该为此类报复措施做好准备。
俄罗斯议会国际事务委员会副主席安德烈·克里莫夫表示，修订后的《条约》的规定很可能“在不久的将来得到不友好国家的仔细研究”，并表示希望他们得出适当的结论，并意识到“不应该玩火”。
The deputy head of the State Duma Defense Committee, Yuri Shvytkin, has also claimed that France and the UK should now realize that any attack on Russia using their weapons would immediately draw a retaliation from Moscow.
“I think that an unambiguous, clear signal has been given to Western countries about the inadmissibility of supplying these types of weapons to the Ukrainian Armed Forces militants,” Shvytkin said.
国家杜马国防委员会副主席尤里·什维特金也声称，法国和英国现在应该意识到，任何使用其武器袭击俄罗斯的行为都会立即遭到莫斯科的报复。
什维特金说：“我认为，我们向西方国家发出了明确、清晰的信号，不允许向乌克兰武装部队武装分子提供此类武器。”
Meanwhile, the head of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, Vladimir Bulavin, told TASS that Moscow continues to see nuclear weapons exclusively as an instrument of deterrence and considers their use only as a last resort.
He explained that the new rules were aimed at “ensuring strategic stability and predictability,” and do not imply “an automatic change in the nature of the actions being taken.”
与此同时，俄罗斯联邦委员会国防和安全委员会主席弗拉基米尔·布拉文告诉塔斯社，莫斯科仍然将核武器视为一种唯一的威慑手段，并认为使用核武器只是最后的手段。
他解释说，新规则旨在“确保战略稳定和可预见性”，并不意味着“正在采取的行动性质会自动改变”。
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