科技巨头称英国网络安全法“不容谈判”
2025-01-15 jiangye111 3741
正文翻译
Tech giants told UK online safety laws ‘not up for negotiation’
-Senior cabinet minister promises not to dilute new measures despite Zuckerberg’s attacks on countries ‘censoring’ content

科技巨头称英国网络安全法“不容谈判”
——高级内阁部长承诺不会淡化新措施,尽管扎克伯格攻击国家“审查”内容


(UK prime minister Keir Starmer is preparing to woo big tech companies with an action plan for AI development in Britain.)

(英国首相凯尔·斯塔默正准备通过一项在英国发展人工智能的行动计划来吸引大型科技公司。)
新闻:

Britain’s new laws to boost safety and tackle hate speech online are “not up for negotiation”, a senior government minister has warned, after Meta founder Mark Zuckerberg vowed to join Donald Trump to pressure countries they regard as “censoring” content.

英国一名高级政府部长警告称,英国旨在提高网络安全和解决仇恨言论的新法律“没有谈判的空间”。此前,Meta创始人马克·扎克伯格发誓要加入唐纳德·特朗普的行列,向他们认为正在“审查”内容的国家施压。

In an interview with the Observer, Peter Kyle, the technology secretary, said that the recent laws designed to make online platforms safer for children and vulnerable people would never be diluted to help the government woo big tech companies to the UK in its defining pursuit for economic growth.

科技大臣彼得·凯尔在接受《观察家报》采访时表示,最近出台的旨在让在线平台对儿童和弱势群体更安全的法律,永远不会被削弱,以帮助政府在追求经济增长的过程中吸引大型科技公司到英国来。

His comments come as Keir Starmer prepares a major big tech charm offensive this week in which he will pitch the UK as the “sweet spot” for the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology.

在他发表上述言论之际,凯尔·斯塔默正准备在本周发起一场重大的科技魅力攻势,他将把英国称为人工智能技术发展的“最佳地点”。

However, the prime minister will do so with his government facing constant and wild attacks from Elon Musk, one of Silicon Valley’s most prominent figures and a leading Trump supporter.

然而,首相将在他的政府面临埃隆·马斯克持续而猛烈的攻击的情况下这样做,马斯克是硅谷最杰出的人物之一,也是特朗普的主要支持者。
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Zuckerberg also used a wide-ranging statement last week to reveal he was ditching “politically biased” factcheckers and reducing restrictions on topics such as immigration and gender on Meta’s platforms, including Facebook, Instagram and Threads.

扎克伯格上周还发表了一份内容广泛的声明,透露他正在放弃“有政治偏见的”事实核查员,并减少Meta平台(包括Facebook、Instagram和Threads)上对移民和性别等话题的限制。
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He added that he would “work with President Trump to push back on governments around the world that are going after American companies and pushing to censor more”.

他补充说,他将“与特朗普总统合作,反击那些对美国公司穷追不舍、推动更多审查的世界各国政府”。

While he did not single out the UK, which passed the Online Safety Act last year, Zuckerberg said Europe had “an ever-increasing number of laws institutionalising censorship”.

扎克伯格并没有特别提到去年通过了《网络安全法》的英国,但他表示,欧洲“有越来越多的法律将审查制度制度化”。

Kyle, who is preparing to unveil the government’s AI strategy alongside Starmer this week, said Zuckerberg was struggling with the same issues of free speech that he had to consider as a legislator.

凯尔准备本周与斯塔默一起公布政府的人工智能战略,他说扎克伯格正在努力解决与他作为立法者必须考虑的相同的言论自由问题。
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However, Kyle said he would not countenance rolling back Britain’s new online safety laws.

然而,凯尔表示,他不会支持撤销英国新的网络安全法。
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“The threshold for these laws allows responsible free speech to a very, very high degree,” he said. “But I just make this basic point: access to British society and our economy is a privilege – it’s not a right. And none of our basic protections for children and vulnerable people are up for negotiation.

“这些法律的门槛在很大程度上允许负责任的言论自由,”他说。“但我只想说一个基本的观点:进入英国社会和我们的经济是一种特权,而不是一种权利。我们对儿童和弱势群体的基本保护都没有讨价还价的余地。

“I was in California speaking to these companies in December. I was there in November. None of this has been challenged. There is a great deal of interest in our direction of travel. I think there is a great deal of suspicion about some countries around the world and the way that they are acting.

“去年12月,我在加州对这些公司发表讲话。我是11月份去的。这些都没有受到质疑。人们对我们的行动方向很感兴趣。我认为,人们对世界上一些国家及其行动方式存在很大的怀疑。

“But I think we have not only led the world in online safety, I think we’ve done it in a way which is sensitive and on the side of innovation.”

“但我认为,我们不仅在网络安全方面处于世界领先地位,而且我们采取了一种敏感和创新的方式。”

Under the Online Safety Act, large social media platforms will eventually have to make sure illegal content – including hate speech – is removed, enforce their own content rules and give users the means of screening out certain types of harmful content if they choose to do so.

根据《网络安全法》,大型社交媒体平台最终必须确保包括仇恨言论在内的非法内容被删除,执行自己的内容规则,并为用户提供筛选某些类型有害内容的手段,如果他们选择这样做的话。

The news comes as the father of Molly Russell, the teenager who took her own life in 2017 after seeing harmful content online, warned this weekend that the rules were not tight enough.

2017年,茉莉·拉塞尔在网上看到有害内容后结束了自己的生命,她的父亲本周末警告说,这些规定不够严格。

After last summer’s riots, which were fuelled by online misinformation, Kyle asked Ofcom to examine how illegal content, particularly disinformation, spread during the disorder and whether further measures would be needed. He said that his judgments on the issue would not be swayed by the demands of big tech.

去年夏天的骚乱是由网络错误信息引发的,在此之后,凯尔要求Ofcom调查非法内容,尤其是虚假信息,是如何在骚乱中传播的,以及是否需要采取进一步措施。他说,他在这个问题上的判断不会受到大型科技公司要求的影响。

“The safety of people across Britain is not up for negotiation,” he said. “But also, investing in a country where its citizens are safe and feel safe is a better bet than one where they don’t. People do vote with their feet on these issues and platforms upon which people don’t feel safe are ones that tend not to do as well as others.”

“全英国人民的安全没有商量的余地,”他说。“但同时,投资于一个公民感到安全的国家比投资于一个公民感到不安全的国家要好。人们确实会在这些问题上用脚投票,而那些让人感到不安全的平台往往做得不如其他的好。”
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This week’s launch of the government’s AI action plan will seek to encourage tech investment in the UK by pitching the country as less regulated than the EU and well placed to host development. Kyle is also toning down the previous government’s “overbearing” focus on AI safety concerns.

英国政府本周推出的人工智能行动计划将寻求鼓励英国的科技投资,方法是将英国描述为监管比欧盟少、适合发展的国家。凯尔还缓和了上届政府对人工智能安全问题的“专横”关注。

The action plan’s launch coincides with big tech leaders moving closer to Trump as his inauguration approaches. Meta is replacing its factchecking with a “community notes” style system, similar to that used by the Musk-owned X.

随着特朗普就职典礼的临近,该行动计划的推出恰逢科技巨头向特朗普靠拢。Meta正在用“社区笔记”风格的系统取代它的事实核查,类似于马斯克拥有的X的做法。

Musk has become an outspoken critic of the Labour government, amplifying far-right criticism of Starmer. The tech boss’s attacks began in earnest last year over the government’s response to the summer riots, when he accused Britain of “turning into a police state”.

马斯克已经成为工党政府的直言不讳的批评者,放大了极右翼对斯塔默的批评。去年,这位科技公司老板对政府对夏季骚乱的反应进行了猛烈抨击,当时他指责英国“正在变成一个警察国家”。

There is increasing anger within the Labour party over comments made by Musk, whose most recent forays into British politics have seen him make wild claims about the safeguarding minister, Jess Phillips. She has said the comments had made her more worried about her safety.

工党内部对马斯克的言论越来越愤怒,他最近对英国政治的攻击让他对国防大臣杰斯·菲利普斯发表了疯狂的言论。她说,这些言论让她更加担心自己的安全。

Musk has also raged at the government for rejecting his calls for another national inquiry into grooming gangs.

马斯克还对政府拒绝接受他对洗钱团伙进行另一次全国调查的呼吁表示愤怒。

Starmer has said his government is open-minded about holding one in future, but argued that it should first prioritise enacting recommendations from a 2022 independent report into child sexual abuse.

斯塔默表示,他的政府对未来举行一次听证会持开放态度,但他认为,应该首先优先落实2022年一份关于儿童性虐待的独立报告中的建议。

However, in a sign Labour is trying to avoid fanning the tensions with Musk, Kyle said he would be happy to talk with the billionaire, but only as part of his determination to deliver the benefits of new technology to Britain.

然而,有迹象表明,工党正试图避免加剧与马斯克的紧张关系,凯尔表示,他很乐意与这位亿万富翁交谈,但这只是他决心将新技术的好处带给英国的一部分。

“I am so focused on getting our country to the point where we are fully exploiting all of the technology that is out there, so that we then move to a position where we’re creating more of it and innovating for more of it,” he said. “Nothing will distract me from that mission.

他说:“我非常专注于让我们的国家充分利用现有的所有技术,这样我们就能创造更多的技术,为更多的技术进行创新。没有什么能让我分心。

“I’m available to talk to any innovator, any potential investor, but it is on those terms. The rest of it, I’m just not interested in - with the exception of when it tips over into the kind of content which started to emerge around Jess, where it does need challenging.

“我可以和任何创新者、任何潜在投资者交谈,但要基于这些前提。剩下的部分,我只是不感兴趣——除了当它变成围绕着杰西开始出现的那种内容时,它确实需要挑战。

“But I have a very high threshold for this. My priority is to be 100% focused on what will put food on the plates of Britons today and into the future.”

“但我对此有很高的门槛。我的首要任务是100%专注于今天和未来英国人盘子里的食物。”

评论翻译
AcademicIncrease8080 91
The OSA is going to descend into a horrific farce, one of the changes will be forcing porn websites to verify everyone's ages - this will be achieved via people uploading ID documents such as passports, credit cards, driving licences... In other words the UK will force the sleaziest websites on the internet to create a gold mine of blackmail-data about Brit's porn watching habits. I predict that it will lead to several closeted gay men committing suicide after there are data hacks or leaks. It is an abhorrent intrusion of privacy.
Additionally, the OSA (which the Tories began) is an egregious act of self-harm which will deter tech investment in the UK (because of onerous requiremen of expectations of companies to censor their own platforms).
It is a product of the bizarrely totalitarian impulse that emanates from both the Tories and Labour. There's been remarkably little pushback against it.

《在线安全法案》将演变成一场可怕的闹剧,其中一项变化将迫使色情网站核实每个人的年龄——这将通过人们上传护照、信用卡、驾照等身份证件来实现……换句话说,英国将迫使互联网上最低俗的网站创造一个关于英国人观看色情习惯的勒索数据的金矿。我预测,在数据遭到黑客攻击或泄露后,它将导致几名未出柜的同性恋男子自杀。这是对隐私令人憎恶的侵犯。
此外,《在线安全法案》(由保守党发起)是一种令人震惊的自我伤害行为,将阻碍英国的科技投资(因为公司审查自己平台的期望要求繁重)。
它是保守党和工党发出的奇怪的极权主义冲动的产物。而且反对它的声音非常小。

Saltypeon
This highlights the entire problem. The general public has no idea how any of it works, and legislators have even less idea.
You don't need to upload an actual ID. Most won't go that route as then it hits all kinds of GDPR nightmares. Users can be authenticated without the site ever knowing who it is (up to a point, of course). The whole thing is to generate traction into online authentication while sacrificing large swathes of the Internet and business.
Porn is the least of the worries with this.

这凸显了整个问题。普通公众不知道它是如何运作的,立法者更不知道。
你不需要上传实际的身份证。大多数公司不会走这条路,因为这会带来各种各样的《通用数据保护条例》噩梦。用户可以在网站不知道其身份的情况下进行身份验证(当然,在一定程度上)。整个事情是在牺牲大量互联网和业务的同时,为在线认证创造吸引力。
色情领域是最不值得担心的。

wkavinsky
Technically it's a simple solution - have the government provide an API that sites can call to request a verification token on the current user.
Since the government already holds the information needed to verify someone's age, users can sign up, and then they can simply authorise the access to that website of their age, job done.
Yes, it means the governments API will see a request from a site, but if you don't think the government can't already get all of your internet requests from your ISP, I've got a beach in Marianas to sell you.

从技术上讲,这是一个简单的解决方案——让政府提供一个应用程序接口,站点可以调用它来请求当前用户的验证令牌。
由于政府已经掌握了验证某人年龄所需的信息,用户可以注册,然后他们可以简单地授权访问与他们年龄相符的网站,任务完成。
是的,这意味着政府的应用程序接口会看到来自一个网站的请求,但如果你不认为政府不能从你的网络服务提供商那里得到你所有的互联网请求,我可以把马里亚纳岛的海滩卖给你(译注:讽刺天真好骗)。

dave8271
As someone who's been in web technology professionally for over 20 years, I view the OSA as a disaster that will choke off what little remaining incentive there is for global tech businesses to invest in Britain.
The government say (in the lixed article) access to the British economy is a privilege, but that's exactly the problem; the rest of the world is increasingly seeing us as an arrogant economy which offers comparatively little, yet expects everyone else to jump through a million contorted hoops of varying sizes for the "privilege" of doing business with us. It's a privilege no one wants, just like how no one was queuing up to sign trade deals with us after Brexit.
Much like the cookie consent disaster, the OSA couldn't be more conspicuously drawn up by the technologically illiterate. It will almost certainly further the monopolization of most major web services under the existing top 5 and drown out the little remaining competition. It will definitely lead to the censorship of legitimate opinion and all sorts of other content that will give false positives, since the sheer scale of responsibilities imposed will require extensive automation from nascent technology that's unreliable.
It threatens privacy by making the practical application of end to end encryption impossible in many cases, opening up private content between individuals to be not just accessible, but actively subject to monitoring by private businesses.
There are other issues, but these are the main ones which concern me.

作为一个在网络技术领域工作了20多年的人,我认为《在线安全法案》是一场灾难,它将扼杀全球科技企业在英国投资的本就所剩无几的动力。
政府说(在链接文章中)“进入英国经济是一种特权”,但这正是问题所在;世界上的其他国家越来越把我们看作是一个傲慢的经济体,提供的东西相对较少,但却期望其他国家为了与我们做生意的“特权”而跳过一百万个大小不一的扭曲的圈子。这是一种没有人想要的特权,就像英国脱欧后没有人排队与我们签署贸易协议一样。
就像“cookie许可”的灾难一样,《在线安全法案》的制定者显然是技术文盲。几乎可以肯定的是,它将进一步垄断现有的前5大网络服务,并淹没剩下的一点点竞争。这肯定会导致对合法意见和各种其他内容的审查,这些内容会产生误报,因为所施加的责任规模将需要来自不可靠的新兴技术的广泛自动化。
在许多情况下,它使端到端加密的实际应用变得不可能,使个人之间的私人内容不仅可以访问,而且还受到私营企业的积极监控,从而威胁到隐私。
还有其他问题,但以上是我关心的主要问题。

HerMajestyTheQueef1
I'm more concerned with a billionaire class owning these sites and ultimately deciding what people's opinions are going to be.
UK, Europe and those with sense should be banning the likes of twitter and tik tok already.
People think america is some sort of God and we should succumb to their tech billionaires because they could cut us off and not invest... That is the language of a society that has already allowed them too much power, we should never be succumbing the the whims of foreign billionaires.
Together with Europe and other sane countries, we don't need twitter, someone will very gladly take their place and I really think they should.
These mega companies should be split up anyway, it's these conglomerates and billionaires with the turnover of entire countries that are destroying the world, co-opting us to their will through donations and bribery and now using their media companies as the perfect tool.
I'm honestly more surprised how many people or possibly bots are so desperate to defend these billionaire elites.

我更关心的是拥有这些网站的亿万富翁阶层,并最终决定了人们的观点。
英国、欧洲和那些有理智的国家应该已经禁止推特和抖音之类的东西了。
人们认为美国是某种上帝,我们应该屈服于他们的科技亿万富翁,因为他们可以切断我们的联系,不来投资……这是一个已经给了他们太多权力的社会的语言,我们永远不应该屈服于外国亿万富翁的妄想。
与欧洲和其他理智的国家一起,我们不需要推特,有人会非常乐意取代他们的位置,我真的认为他们应该这样做。
这些大公司无论如何都应该拆分,正是这些拥有整个国家营业额的企业集团和亿万富翁正在摧毁世界,通过竞选捐赠和贿赂让我们服从他们的意愿,并且现在把他们的媒体公司当作完美的工具。
老实说,我更惊讶的是,有多少人或者可能的发帖机器人如此不顾一切地捍卫这些亿万富翁精英。

Banana_Bread__
I think its incredibly ignorant to think that banning websites is a good idea. I ask how disinformation on twitter is any different to disinformation on any other social media websites, its not. The last thing you want is the government having more control over its people and its not going to get rid of the issues with society at hand.
Proposing stuff like this is oppressive and authoritarian in nature and has no place in the uk, but I guess its the future giving away our rights to not be offended or challenge opinions and misinformation (both sides of the political spectrum).
And no I'm not a bot, but have you ever wondered why people listen to people like elon or trump its because they are demonised by the left leaning and society for thinking a "wrong opinion".
Unpopular opinion: Elon and trump can have valid points but also have bad takes, and like most people I don't lean to any particular side of politics as some of my views can be left leaning for certain subjects and others right.
I don't get how none of the extreme left leaning understand why the right is rising and suddenly take issue with foreign billionaires getting involved with UK politics. Many parties including labour are funded by foreign wealthy individuals and no I'm not trying to justify it, but its a fact of life.

我认为觉得禁止网站是个好主意是非常无知的。我问推特上的虚假信息和其他社交媒体网站上的虚假信息有什么不同,没有不同。你最不想要的就是政府对人民有更多的控制,而且它不会摆脱手头的社会问题。
提出这样的东西本质上是压迫和专制的,在英国没有立足之地,但我想这是未来赋予我们不被冒犯或挑战观点和(来自政治光谱双方的)错误信息的权利。
不,我不是机器人,但你有没有想过为什么人们会听埃隆或特朗普这样的人的话,因为他们被左倾和社会妖魔化了,因为他们有“错误的观点”。
不受欢迎的观点:埃隆和特朗普可能有正确的观点,但也有不好的观点,和大多数人一样,我不倾向于任何特定的政治派别,因为我的一些观点可能在某些问题上偏左,而另一些观点可能偏右。
我不明白为什么没有一个极左人士理解为什么右翼势力正在崛起,并突然对外国亿万富翁参与英国政治提出异议。包括工党在内的许多政党都是由外国富人资助的,不,我不是想为它辩护,但这就是生活中的事实。

BadgerGirl1990
As some who also works in tech I take the opposite opinion, I've seen the destruction social media and and the Internet has wrought on society and I feel great shame at what we allowed to happen in the pursuit of money. And have equally as much expectation that the rise of AI will make things even worse.
The utopian ideal of a free Internet as a market place of ideals was a complete vanity project by tech elites in silicone Valley, scientists sharing ideas across the globe in an instant, the reality is over half of humanity is fucking stupid and filled it with porn, hate and vapid garbage.
Worst mistake in human history.

作为一个也在科技行业工作的人,我持相反的观点,我看到了社交媒体和互联网对社会造成的破坏,我对我们在追求金钱的过程中允许发生的事情感到非常羞愧。同时也同样认为人工智能的崛起会让事情变得更糟。
自由互联网作为理想市场的乌托邦理想完全是硅谷科技精英的虚荣心工程,科学家们在瞬间分享全球的想法,现实是超过一半的人类都是他妈的愚蠢的,充满了色情、仇恨和无聊的垃圾。
人类历史上最严重的错误。

buffer0x7CD
But it’s not the social media sites who are going to suffer here but mostly small sites.
Take lobster.rs as an example which is one of the pure technical discussion site ( since hacker news tend to have a lot more political content as well )but because of this, they are going to restrict the site to U.K. based users since it’s literally run by few people.

但首当其冲的不是社交媒体网站,而大多是小型网站。
以lobster.rs为例,这是一个纯粹的技术讨论网站(因为黑客新闻往往有更多的政治内容),但正因为如此,他们将限制该网站的英国用户,因为它实际上是由少数人运营的。

OakAged
Well I'd say they're most likely, as many small businesses seem to do, grossly over-reacting without having the full detail of the regulations.

我想说,他们很有可能,就像许多小企业一样,在没有了解法规的全部细节的情况下,反应过度。

Exige_
Are you in favour any form of regulation out of interest?

出于利益考虑,你是否赞成任何形式的监管?

dave8271
Propose some specific regulation and I'll tell you. I'm not against the principle of regulation, but the internet is a very difficult thing to regulate by its technological nature and its borderless nature. You have to be Draconian to a level far, far greater than I'm comfortable with to even begin to regulate the internet for your population in a way which is effective.
I think the better answer is education. Improve standards of education, make online safety, information analysis, scepticism and critical thinking core parts of the curriculum from early childhood. Educate parents about online safety and what they can do to supervise, monitor and limit their children's exposure to harmful content online in the home.

提出一些具体的规定,我会告诉你的。我不反对监管原则,但由于互联网的技术性质和无国界性质,它是一个非常难以监管的东西。你必须要严厉到远远超过我所能接受的程度,才能开始以一种有效的方式为你的民众管理互联网。
我认为更好的答案是教育。提高教育水平,使网络安全、信息分析、怀疑主义和批判性思维成为儿童早期课程的核心部分。教育家长关于网络安全,以及他们可以做些什么来监督、监控和限制他们的孩子在家里接触到有害的网络内容。

warriorscot
That's not relevant to the OSA, can you name a single British company in the space that will be impacted? They are all US and China based, if a UK competitor was going to come a out it would have done. So it's hard to argue your point has any relevance because that market isn't present in the UK and it is entirely valid to say access is a privilege.

这与《在线安全法案》无关,你能说出一个在这个领域会受到影响的英国公司吗?它们都是美国和中国的,如果英国的竞争对手要脱颖而出的话,它早就出来了。所以很难说你的观点有什么相关性,因为这个市场并不存在于英国,所以说进入是一种特权是完全合理的。

wkavinsky
Suggesting that other economies don't want access to the 6th largest economic market in the world is absolute insanity.
They absolutely do want access to the market, and will do whatever is required to access it, just like they do the EU and Chinese markets.

暗示其他经济体不想进入世界第六大经济市场是绝对疯狂的。
他们绝对希望进入这个市场,并将采取任何必要措施进入这个市场,就像他们对欧盟和中国市场所做的那样。

Redcoat-Mic
I really don't care how much money we will or won't have invested in us by tech billionaires.
I care if the ultra-rich further dominate every aspect of our society.

我真的不在乎科技亿万富翁会或不会给我们投资多少钱。
我关心的是超级富豪是否会进一步主导我们社会的方方面面。

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