历史上最实力悬殊的战争是哪一场？
正文翻译
Gary Zhang Lives in Australia Upvoted by Aamos Ekman, Ph.D History & Psychology, University of Turku (2005) and Mike Fletcher, MA History & French, Peterhouse, Cambridge (1986)
加里·张 居住于澳大利亚 获图尔库大学历史与心理学博士（2005年毕业）阿莫斯·埃克曼、剑桥大学彼得豪斯学院历史与法语硕士（1986年毕业）迈克·弗莱彻点赞
There are 4 Universal Laws of Warfare. The 2nd Law is to never screw with the Finns.
The Soviets learned this the hard way during the Winter War (fought between Finland and the Soviet unx). This war became a meme for just how much fail there was involved.
战争有四条普遍法则，第二条是永远不要招惹芬兰人。
苏联在苏芬冬季战争（芬兰与苏联之间的战争）中惨痛地吸取了这个教训，这场战争也因双方实力差距带来的一边倒战局而成为广为人知的案例。
The Finns were ridiculously outnumbered by the Soviets. The Finns only had 250000 men, and a handful of tanks and aircraft, compared to nearly a million men and thousands of tanks and aircraft that the Soviets possessed. In other words, the Finns had a massive problem in that they were heavily outnumbered in terms of men and equipment. Not to mention, that the majority of their equipment was often quite outdated and old.
Keeping this in mind, it should’ve been a relatively easy and quick victory for the Soviets. Unfortunately for them, they were fighting the Finnish. And this is where the Second Law comes in.
芬兰军队在人数上远逊于苏联，仅拥有25万人以及少量坦克和飞机，而苏联则出动了近百万兵力、数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。换句话说，芬兰在兵力和装备上都处于极大劣势，而且大部分装备都相当陈旧过时。
考虑到这些因素，苏联本应能轻松快速地取得胜利，但不幸的是，他们的对手是芬兰人，这也印证了那条战争法则。
The Finnish proceeded to utterly crush the Soviets. It should be noted that Soviet leadership was severely affected by the recent purges initiated by Stalin, and thus they were rather inexperienced, and were in a weakened state. Even so, the Finns continued to humiliate the Red Army. Examples of this include that they ended up with 32:1 kill to loss ratios with mostly outdated aircraft (Brewster Buffalo) and by the end of the war, they had more tanks then they did at the start (they just straight up captured them all).
然而芬兰军队却彻底击溃了苏联军队。需要指出的是，苏联领导层当时刚经历斯大林发起的大清洗，经验不足且实力受损，但即便如此，芬兰仍让苏联红军颜面尽失。比如，芬兰凭借大多过时的布鲁斯特水牛战斗机取得了32:1的杀伤比，战争结束时，他们的坦克数量甚至比开战初期还多，这些坦克全是从苏军那里缴获的。
In the end however, the Soviets were eventually able to attain a favorable position with the “Moscow Peace Treaty” which resulted in Finland ceding a large amount of its territory as well as equipment and raw materials. This did however come at a serious cost, with the Soviets suffering around 400000 casualties and the loss of thousands of their tanks and hundreds of aircraft.
不过最终，苏联通过《莫斯科和平条约》获得了有利地位，芬兰被迫割让大量领土、装备和原材料，但苏联也付出了惨重代价，约40万人伤亡，损失数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。
The Winter War is both the most unbalanced and unintentionally hilarious war in all of history, due to just how badly the Finnish were able to utterly humiliate the Soviets despite being massively outnumbered. The Soviet unx learned the Second Universal Law of Warfare, the hard way.
苏芬冬季战争既是历史上最实力悬殊的战争，也是一场颇具戏剧性的战争——芬兰在兵力和装备都处于绝对劣势的情况下，却让苏联遭受了前所未有的羞辱，苏联也因此惨痛地学到了战争的第二条普遍法则。
Richard Anderson B.A. in History, UC Santa Barbara
理查德·安德森 加州大学圣巴巴拉分校历史学学士
The details are known, so I won’t repeat them - they re easily searchable.
相关细节已广为人知，在此不再赘述，网上可轻松查到。
The Second Italio-Ethiopian War from 1935 -1937. As was the Spanish Civl War for the Nazis and the Soviets, this was a testing ground for Mussolini’s Italian Armed Forces to test their mettle in battle and see how their weapon systems worked so they would be ready when WWII broke out a few years later. Even with the Italians having an unbeatable tech advantage in their weapon systems, the Nazis even provided them with more. The Ethiopians were relatively primitive, with their infantry being armed with muskets, and the the cavalry armed with swords. The Italians had air power, tanks, artillery, modern rifles and other guns, and more.
1935年至1937年的第二次意埃战争便是如此。就像西班牙内战对纳粹德国和苏联一样，这场战争是墨索里尼领导的意大利军队的试验场，用于检验其作战能力和武器系统性能，为几年后二战爆发做准备。意大利的武器系统本就拥有压倒性技术优势，纳粹德国还为其提供了更多支援，而埃塞俄比亚则相对落后，步兵装备滑膛枪，骑兵仅配备刀剑，意大利却拥有空军、坦克、火炮、现代步枪等先进武器。
I’m of Italian heritage, and my relatives from the Old Country spoke fondly of this war, as it is one of the only ones on which side Italy came out victorious. It wasn’t a fair fight, and the Italian Military underperformed. However, since this was a test run, that was a learning experience. Whether it helped is debatable, since the Italian Military did not acquit itself very well during WWII.
我有意大利血统，家乡的亲戚们对这场战争满怀好感，因为这是意大利为数不多的胜利战争之一。这场战争本就不公平，意大利军队的表现也不尽如人意，但作为一次试验，它算是一次学习经历。不过这种经历是否起到了作用仍有争议，因为意大利军队在二战中的表现并未好转。
Brian Serle Former rabbi at Congregation Sons of Abraham (2019–2024)
布莱恩·塞尔 前亚伯拉罕之子会拉比（2019-2024年任职）
The most unbalanced war in history must be the war of Nazi Germany against the Jews. The German army, SS and local police and civilian collaborators all over Europe always carried guns, ranging from pistols to submachine guns, as well as whips. These weapons were often unnecessary, as the hundreds of soldiers and police evacuated and deported millions of innocent men, women and children to their deaths. These sacred souls were often shot on the spot, often on a whim, and almost always not on an order from a superior. The descxtions of the evil work of the Einsatzgruppen, machine-gunning a million or more Jews into pits all over eastern Europe, are documented elsewhere. Except for a very few instances (Kovno, Warsaw, etc.), the Jews were totally unarmed. Even worse, they were lulled into submission by promises of better conditions elsewhere, reunxs with family, showers that led to gas chambers, etc. Lucy Davidowicz wrote an excellent book, The War Against the Jews, describing this unbalanced inhumane war.
历史上最实力悬殊的战争必然是纳粹德国对犹太人发动的战争。德国军队、党卫军、欧洲各地的地方警察和平民协从者都携带武器，从手枪到冲锋枪应有尽有，甚至还有鞭子。这些武器往往是多余的，数百名士兵和警察驱逐、押送数百万无辜的男女老少走向死亡，这些无辜的人常常被随意当场射杀，几乎都没有上级的正式命令。特别行动队在东欧各地将一百万甚至更多犹太人用机枪扫射至死并抛尸坑中的恶行，相关记载随处可见。除了少数情况（如考纳斯、华沙等地的反抗），犹太人完全手无寸铁，更悲惨的是，他们被“更好的生活条件”“与家人团聚”“淋浴”等谎言诱骗顺从，而所谓的“淋浴”实则是通往毒气室的陷阱。露西·戴维诺维茨撰写了一本优秀的著作《对犹太人的战争》，详细描述了这场实力悬殊且惨无人道的战争。
Juan Diego Botran Bachelor in Business Administration, ESADE (Graduated 2020)
胡安·迭戈·博特兰 埃萨德商学院工商管理学士（2020年毕业）
I’ll tell you a story told in Guatemala. I can’t say if it is indeed true but it’s pretty well-known.
On 1519, after the discovery of America, the spanish startes exploring the lands, which lead to the discovery of the very under-developped (compared to spanish) Mayan civilization that still used stone-point spears and cloth as armor.
我要讲一个危地马拉流传的故事，不确定其真实性，但它广为人知。
1519年，美洲被发现后，西班牙人开始探索这片土地，随后发现了玛雅文明。与西班牙相比，玛雅文明非常落后，仍使用石尖长矛，以布料作为盔甲。
The expansion of the spanish empire led to a war against the mayas, a very unfair one. At that time the Mayas were lead by Tecun Uman, who is still considered a hero in Guatemala. It is said that when Tecun Uman fought Pedro de Alvarado on his white horse, he speared the horse believing they were one and the same, leaving Pedro de Alvarado untouched. You can imagine what happened to Tecun Uman soon after.
I think that’s pretty much as unfair as it gets.
西班牙帝国的扩张引发了对玛雅人的战争，这是一场极不公平的战争。当时玛雅人由特昆·乌曼领导，他至今仍被视为危地马拉的英雄。据说，特昆·乌曼与骑在白马上的佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多交战时，误以为人和马是一体的，用长矛刺向马匹，佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多毫发无损，可想而知特昆·乌曼随后的命运。
我认为这是最不公平的战争之一。
Shamim Huq Civil, Piping, Structural Engr - All Star lixedin (1977–present)
沙米姆·胡克 土木、管道、结构工程师 - 领英精英（1977年至今任职）
The Bangladesh war in 1971 was a very organized and planned attack designed by Brigadier General JFR Jacob of Indian Army. His book - “Surrender at Dhaka”, is available online and a thrill to read. In 14 days a joint force of Bangladesh battalions, 100,000 Freedom Fighters, spearheaded by Freedom Fighters rode to victory in the Capital Dhaka of the new nation Bangladesh. A total of 93,000 members of Pakistan Army surrendered. I was there throughout the 9 months of Pakistan Army occupation and GENOCIDE inflicted on the Bangladeshi people. Pakistan Army murdered over 3 million mostly unarmed civilians in nine months. I was witness to that slaughter.
1971年的孟加拉国战争是印度陆军准将JFR·雅各布精心策划的一次有组织进攻，他的著作《达卡投降》在网上可查，读来令人震撼。在14天内，孟加拉国营队与10万名自由战士组成的联合部队，在自由战士的带头冲锋下，攻克了新国家孟加拉国的首都达卡，取得胜利，共有9.3万名巴基斯坦军队士兵投降。巴基斯坦军队占领孟加拉国的9个月里，我全程在场，亲眼目睹了他们对孟加拉人民实施的种族灭绝暴行，9个月内，巴基斯坦军队杀害了300多万名手无寸铁的平民。
Simon Watts Lives in Somersham
西蒙·瓦茨 居住于萨默沙姆
Assaye. General Arthur Wellesley, later the Duke of Wellington, with around 9,500 troops and 17 cannon, beat the army of the Maratha empire in India, commanded by Anthony Pohlmann, a Hanoverian soldier with 10,800 European trained infantry, around 100 European crewed cannon, 10–20,000 irregular infantry and 30–40,000 irregular cavalry.
阿萨耶战役。阿瑟·韦尔斯利将军（后来的威灵顿公爵）率领约9500名士兵和17门大炮，击败了印度马拉塔帝国的军队。这支马拉塔军队由汉诺威士兵安东尼·波尔曼指挥，拥有10800名受过欧洲式训练的步兵、约100门由欧洲人操作的大炮、1万至2万名非正规步兵以及3万至4万名非正规骑兵。
He did this by crossing a ford in a river where there was not supposed to be a ford and then advancing Highland troops into the face of a cannon barrage when nobody in India would do such a thing.
Wellington considered it his greatest victory.
韦尔斯利之所以能取胜，是因为他率军渡过了一条本无渡口的河流浅滩，随后又命令高地部队顶着炮火前进，而这种战术在印度战场上是前所未有的。
威灵顿将这场战役视为自己最辉煌的胜利。
Randy Woods 20 years in the Air Force
兰迪·伍兹 空军服役20年
On land the last Stand of the Spartans.
陆战方面是斯巴达三百勇士的最后抵抗。
In 480BC, the Greek army, led by 300 Spartan warriors along 4000 other Greeks, awaited the onslaught of the Persian Empire's war machine, estimated at being a million strong, at the pass of Thermopylae. On the third day of battle the Spartan King Leonidas realized they were becoming surrounded, a Greek traitor showed the Persians a narrow path over the mountains but the main part of the army and their supplies need the easier path the Greeks held, so the king sent away most of the other Greeks. Against tremendous odds, the Spartans along with 1200 other Greeks held the narrow pass for days. The Greeks inflicted a shocking number of casualties the Persians until the last Greek was slain on the seventh day of battle.
公元前480年，由300名斯巴达勇士和4000名其他希腊士兵组成的希腊军队，在温泉关隘口迎战波斯帝国号称百万之众的大军。战役进行到第三天，斯巴达国王列奥尼达发现军队即将被包围——一名希腊叛徒向波斯人泄露了一条山间小径，但波斯大军的主力和补给仍需通过希腊人坚守的便捷通道，因此列奥尼达国王遣散了大部分其他希腊士兵。面对悬殊的兵力差距，300名斯巴达勇士与1200名希腊士兵一起，在狭窄的关隘坚守数日，给波斯军队造成了惊人的伤亡，直到第七天，最后一名希腊士兵阵亡。
The Athenians realized they could never defeat Persia on land so they abandoned Athens. The Athenians used the time paid for in blood by the Spartans to gather their fleet, call in the ships of their allies to face the fat larger Persian fleet 1000 to 1200 ships. The 371 Greek ships under the brilliant leadership Themistocles won a Decisive victory at the Battle of Salamis. The Persian Army was forced to withdraw part of their army, a year later at the Battle of Plataea, the Greek army won a decisive victory, destroying much of the Persian army and ending the invasion of Greece.
雅典人意识到无法在陆地上击败波斯，于是放弃了雅典城。他们利用斯巴达勇士用鲜血换来的时间集结舰队，并召集盟国船只，迎战规模远超己方的波斯舰队——波斯拥有1000至1200艘战舰，而希腊仅有371艘。在塞米斯托克利斯的出色指挥下，希腊舰队在萨拉米斯海战中取得决定性胜利，波斯军队被迫撤回部分兵力。一年后，在普拉提亚战役中，希腊军队再次大胜，重创波斯军队，终结了波斯对希腊的入侵。
At Sea: The Battle of Myeongnyang
The odds Twenty Five to One, the smaller force was victorious.
海战方面：鸣梁海战
双方兵力比例为25:1，兵力较少的一方最终获胜。
Admiral Togo, the mastermind behind the Russian defeat in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905 stated, "It may be proper to compare me with Nelson, but not with Korea's Yi Sun-Shin for he has no equal".
1905年对马海峡海战中击败俄国舰队的策划者东乡平八郎海军上将曾表示：“将我与纳尔逊相比或许尚可，但与朝鲜的李舜臣相比则不可，因为他无人能及。”
After numerous victories over the Japanese, Admiral Yi was falsely accused, tortured and reduced to rank of common solider but he carried on with a air of humble dignity. Yi's successor Won Gyun failed to respond to reports from his scouts allowing the Japanese to land critical army reinforcements. Without adequate reconnaissance or planning, Won Gyun decided to attack the Japanese invasion force with the Joseon (Korean) fleet, 150 warships operated by 30,000 men that had been carefully assembled and trained by Admiral Yi. Won Gyun sailed into Japanese fleet of 500 to 1000 ships on August 28, 1597. The Japanese immediately closed for melee combat, denying the Joseon ships the advantages of superior seamanship and cannon fire. The outnumbered Joseon sailors were reduced to fighting boarding actions and Japanese slaughtered them en masse.
李舜臣海军上将在多次击败日军后，遭到诬告、酷刑折磨，并被降为普通士兵，但他仍以谦逊而有尊严的态度坚守岗位。他的继任者元均未能及时响应侦察兵的报告，导致日军成功登陆并获得关键援军。元均在没有充分侦察和规划的情况下，决定用李舜臣精心组建和训练的朝鲜舰队（150艘战舰，3万名船员）进攻日军入侵部队。1597年8月28日，元均率领舰队遭遇了拥有500至1000艘船只的日本舰队，日军立即逼近展开近战，使朝鲜舰队无法发挥其卓越的航海技术和炮火优势。兵力处于劣势的朝鲜水手被迫进行接舷战，遭到日军大规模屠杀。
The Joseon fleet was decimated, only 13 warships survived. The Battle of Chilchonryang was the only naval victory for the Japanese during the war . When King Seonjo learned of the catastrophic defeat, Yi was hurriedly pardoned and reinstated as commander of the greatly reduced Joseon fleet. Admiral Yi located the 13 ships and rallied the 200 surviving sailors.
朝鲜舰队遭受重创，仅13艘战舰幸存，漆川梁海战成为日军在这场战争中唯一的海战胜利。宣祖大王得知这场惨败后，迅速赦免李舜臣，恢复其职务，让他指挥这支大幅缩减的舰队。李舜臣找到了这13艘战舰，并集结了200名幸存的水手。
None of 13 ships were armored turtle ships, the King thought the fleet was doomed so he sent an edict to Admiral Yi to abandon the ships and take his men to join the ground forces . Admiral Yi responded with a letter written "...your servant still doth have twelve warships under his command and he is still alive, that the enemy shall never be safe in the West Sea (the yellow Sea ).
这13艘战舰中没有一艘是装甲龟船，宣祖大王认为舰队已无胜算，于是下旨让李舜臣放弃战舰，率领士兵加入陆军。李舜臣在回信中写道：“臣尚有十二艘战舰，臣仍在世，倭寇在西海（黄海）便永无宁日。”
After careful study of potential battlefields, in October 1597 Admiral Yi lured the Japanese fleet into the Myeongnyang Strait, by sending a fast warship near the Japanese naval base and the Japanese fleet eager for battle gave pursuit. The Japanese fleet of approximately 333 ships (133 warships, at least 200 logistical support ships) entered Myeongnyang Strait. The Japanese ships were met by 13 Joseon (Korean) warships obscured by the shadows of the surrounding hills, ready with archers and cannons, the melee-based Japanese found themselves unable to break through the superior Joseon ranged fire.
经过对潜在战场的仔细研究，1597年10月，李舜臣派遣一艘快速战舰逼近日军海军基地，引诱急于求战的日军舰队追击，将其引入鸣梁海峡。由约333艘船只（133艘战舰、至少200艘后勤补给船）组成的日本舰队进入鸣梁海峡后，遭到了13艘朝鲜战舰的伏击——这些战舰隐藏在周围山丘的阴影中，弓箭手和火炮已准备就绪。擅长近战的日军无法突破朝鲜军队优越的远程火力。
The unpredictable current eventually wreaked havoc on the Japanese; their ships found themselves unable to maneuver and collided with each other when the tide reversed, while also presenting a perfect target for the Joseon naval artillery. Admiral Yi had routed a force that outnumbered him more than 25 to 1 in ships alone. About 31 of the 333 Japanese ships that entered the Myeongnyang Strait were destroyed or damaged. Joseon losses on the other hand were around ten casualties and no ships lost. Kurushima Michifusa was killed on his flagship by Joseon archers; his body in its ornate armor was fished out of the water, his severed head was put on display to demoralize the Japanese fleet.
变幻莫测的洋流最终给日军带来了灭顶之灾，潮水反转时，他们的船只无法 maneuver，相互碰撞，成为朝鲜海军火炮的绝佳目标。李舜臣仅凭借13艘战舰，击溃了兵力是自己25倍以上的日军舰队。进入鸣梁海峡的333艘日本船只中，约31艘被摧毁或重创，而朝鲜方面仅伤亡约10人，未损失一艘战舰。日军将领来岛通总在旗舰上被朝鲜弓箭手射杀，他身着华丽盔甲的尸体被打捞上岸后，头颅被砍下示众，以瓦解日军的士气。
In a latter battle Yi died leading the pursuit of the defeated Japanese fleet.
Yi died with 23 victories at sea and zero defeats.\\\\
在后来的一场战役中，李舜臣在追击溃败的日军舰队时壮烈牺牲。
李舜臣一生取得了23场海战胜利，未尝一败。
加里·张 居住于澳大利亚 获图尔库大学历史与心理学博士（2005年毕业）阿莫斯·埃克曼、剑桥大学彼得豪斯学院历史与法语硕士（1986年毕业）迈克·弗莱彻点赞
There are 4 Universal Laws of Warfare. The 2nd Law is to never screw with the Finns.
The Soviets learned this the hard way during the Winter War (fought between Finland and the Soviet unx). This war became a meme for just how much fail there was involved.
战争有四条普遍法则，第二条是永远不要招惹芬兰人。
苏联在苏芬冬季战争（芬兰与苏联之间的战争）中惨痛地吸取了这个教训，这场战争也因双方实力差距带来的一边倒战局而成为广为人知的案例。
The Finns were ridiculously outnumbered by the Soviets. The Finns only had 250000 men, and a handful of tanks and aircraft, compared to nearly a million men and thousands of tanks and aircraft that the Soviets possessed. In other words, the Finns had a massive problem in that they were heavily outnumbered in terms of men and equipment. Not to mention, that the majority of their equipment was often quite outdated and old.
Keeping this in mind, it should’ve been a relatively easy and quick victory for the Soviets. Unfortunately for them, they were fighting the Finnish. And this is where the Second Law comes in.
芬兰军队在人数上远逊于苏联，仅拥有25万人以及少量坦克和飞机，而苏联则出动了近百万兵力、数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。换句话说，芬兰在兵力和装备上都处于极大劣势，而且大部分装备都相当陈旧过时。
考虑到这些因素，苏联本应能轻松快速地取得胜利，但不幸的是，他们的对手是芬兰人，这也印证了那条战争法则。
The Finnish proceeded to utterly crush the Soviets. It should be noted that Soviet leadership was severely affected by the recent purges initiated by Stalin, and thus they were rather inexperienced, and were in a weakened state. Even so, the Finns continued to humiliate the Red Army. Examples of this include that they ended up with 32:1 kill to loss ratios with mostly outdated aircraft (Brewster Buffalo) and by the end of the war, they had more tanks then they did at the start (they just straight up captured them all).
然而芬兰军队却彻底击溃了苏联军队。需要指出的是，苏联领导层当时刚经历斯大林发起的大清洗，经验不足且实力受损，但即便如此，芬兰仍让苏联红军颜面尽失。比如，芬兰凭借大多过时的布鲁斯特水牛战斗机取得了32:1的杀伤比，战争结束时，他们的坦克数量甚至比开战初期还多，这些坦克全是从苏军那里缴获的。
In the end however, the Soviets were eventually able to attain a favorable position with the “Moscow Peace Treaty” which resulted in Finland ceding a large amount of its territory as well as equipment and raw materials. This did however come at a serious cost, with the Soviets suffering around 400000 casualties and the loss of thousands of their tanks and hundreds of aircraft.
不过最终，苏联通过《莫斯科和平条约》获得了有利地位，芬兰被迫割让大量领土、装备和原材料，但苏联也付出了惨重代价，约40万人伤亡，损失数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。
The Winter War is both the most unbalanced and unintentionally hilarious war in all of history, due to just how badly the Finnish were able to utterly humiliate the Soviets despite being massively outnumbered. The Soviet unx learned the Second Universal Law of Warfare, the hard way.
苏芬冬季战争既是历史上最实力悬殊的战争，也是一场颇具戏剧性的战争——芬兰在兵力和装备都处于绝对劣势的情况下，却让苏联遭受了前所未有的羞辱，苏联也因此惨痛地学到了战争的第二条普遍法则。
Richard Anderson B.A. in History, UC Santa Barbara
理查德·安德森 加州大学圣巴巴拉分校历史学学士
The details are known, so I won’t repeat them - they re easily searchable.
相关细节已广为人知，在此不再赘述，网上可轻松查到。
The Second Italio-Ethiopian War from 1935 -1937. As was the Spanish Civl War for the Nazis and the Soviets, this was a testing ground for Mussolini’s Italian Armed Forces to test their mettle in battle and see how their weapon systems worked so they would be ready when WWII broke out a few years later. Even with the Italians having an unbeatable tech advantage in their weapon systems, the Nazis even provided them with more. The Ethiopians were relatively primitive, with their infantry being armed with muskets, and the the cavalry armed with swords. The Italians had air power, tanks, artillery, modern rifles and other guns, and more.
1935年至1937年的第二次意埃战争便是如此。就像西班牙内战对纳粹德国和苏联一样，这场战争是墨索里尼领导的意大利军队的试验场，用于检验其作战能力和武器系统性能，为几年后二战爆发做准备。意大利的武器系统本就拥有压倒性技术优势，纳粹德国还为其提供了更多支援，而埃塞俄比亚则相对落后，步兵装备滑膛枪，骑兵仅配备刀剑，意大利却拥有空军、坦克、火炮、现代步枪等先进武器。
I’m of Italian heritage, and my relatives from the Old Country spoke fondly of this war, as it is one of the only ones on which side Italy came out victorious. It wasn’t a fair fight, and the Italian Military underperformed. However, since this was a test run, that was a learning experience. Whether it helped is debatable, since the Italian Military did not acquit itself very well during WWII.
我有意大利血统，家乡的亲戚们对这场战争满怀好感，因为这是意大利为数不多的胜利战争之一。这场战争本就不公平，意大利军队的表现也不尽如人意，但作为一次试验，它算是一次学习经历。不过这种经历是否起到了作用仍有争议，因为意大利军队在二战中的表现并未好转。
Brian Serle Former rabbi at Congregation Sons of Abraham (2019–2024)
布莱恩·塞尔 前亚伯拉罕之子会拉比（2019-2024年任职）
The most unbalanced war in history must be the war of Nazi Germany against the Jews. The German army, SS and local police and civilian collaborators all over Europe always carried guns, ranging from pistols to submachine guns, as well as whips. These weapons were often unnecessary, as the hundreds of soldiers and police evacuated and deported millions of innocent men, women and children to their deaths. These sacred souls were often shot on the spot, often on a whim, and almost always not on an order from a superior. The descxtions of the evil work of the Einsatzgruppen, machine-gunning a million or more Jews into pits all over eastern Europe, are documented elsewhere. Except for a very few instances (Kovno, Warsaw, etc.), the Jews were totally unarmed. Even worse, they were lulled into submission by promises of better conditions elsewhere, reunxs with family, showers that led to gas chambers, etc. Lucy Davidowicz wrote an excellent book, The War Against the Jews, describing this unbalanced inhumane war.
历史上最实力悬殊的战争必然是纳粹德国对犹太人发动的战争。德国军队、党卫军、欧洲各地的地方警察和平民协从者都携带武器，从手枪到冲锋枪应有尽有，甚至还有鞭子。这些武器往往是多余的，数百名士兵和警察驱逐、押送数百万无辜的男女老少走向死亡，这些无辜的人常常被随意当场射杀，几乎都没有上级的正式命令。特别行动队在东欧各地将一百万甚至更多犹太人用机枪扫射至死并抛尸坑中的恶行，相关记载随处可见。除了少数情况（如考纳斯、华沙等地的反抗），犹太人完全手无寸铁，更悲惨的是，他们被“更好的生活条件”“与家人团聚”“淋浴”等谎言诱骗顺从，而所谓的“淋浴”实则是通往毒气室的陷阱。露西·戴维诺维茨撰写了一本优秀的著作《对犹太人的战争》，详细描述了这场实力悬殊且惨无人道的战争。
Juan Diego Botran Bachelor in Business Administration, ESADE (Graduated 2020)
胡安·迭戈·博特兰 埃萨德商学院工商管理学士（2020年毕业）
I’ll tell you a story told in Guatemala. I can’t say if it is indeed true but it’s pretty well-known.
On 1519, after the discovery of America, the spanish startes exploring the lands, which lead to the discovery of the very under-developped (compared to spanish) Mayan civilization that still used stone-point spears and cloth as armor.
我要讲一个危地马拉流传的故事，不确定其真实性，但它广为人知。
1519年，美洲被发现后，西班牙人开始探索这片土地，随后发现了玛雅文明。与西班牙相比，玛雅文明非常落后，仍使用石尖长矛，以布料作为盔甲。
The expansion of the spanish empire led to a war against the mayas, a very unfair one. At that time the Mayas were lead by Tecun Uman, who is still considered a hero in Guatemala. It is said that when Tecun Uman fought Pedro de Alvarado on his white horse, he speared the horse believing they were one and the same, leaving Pedro de Alvarado untouched. You can imagine what happened to Tecun Uman soon after.
I think that’s pretty much as unfair as it gets.
西班牙帝国的扩张引发了对玛雅人的战争，这是一场极不公平的战争。当时玛雅人由特昆·乌曼领导，他至今仍被视为危地马拉的英雄。据说，特昆·乌曼与骑在白马上的佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多交战时，误以为人和马是一体的，用长矛刺向马匹，佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多毫发无损，可想而知特昆·乌曼随后的命运。
我认为这是最不公平的战争之一。
Shamim Huq Civil, Piping, Structural Engr - All Star lixedin (1977–present)
沙米姆·胡克 土木、管道、结构工程师 - 领英精英（1977年至今任职）
The Bangladesh war in 1971 was a very organized and planned attack designed by Brigadier General JFR Jacob of Indian Army. His book - “Surrender at Dhaka”, is available online and a thrill to read. In 14 days a joint force of Bangladesh battalions, 100,000 Freedom Fighters, spearheaded by Freedom Fighters rode to victory in the Capital Dhaka of the new nation Bangladesh. A total of 93,000 members of Pakistan Army surrendered. I was there throughout the 9 months of Pakistan Army occupation and GENOCIDE inflicted on the Bangladeshi people. Pakistan Army murdered over 3 million mostly unarmed civilians in nine months. I was witness to that slaughter.
1971年的孟加拉国战争是印度陆军准将JFR·雅各布精心策划的一次有组织进攻，他的著作《达卡投降》在网上可查，读来令人震撼。在14天内，孟加拉国营队与10万名自由战士组成的联合部队，在自由战士的带头冲锋下，攻克了新国家孟加拉国的首都达卡，取得胜利，共有9.3万名巴基斯坦军队士兵投降。巴基斯坦军队占领孟加拉国的9个月里，我全程在场，亲眼目睹了他们对孟加拉人民实施的种族灭绝暴行，9个月内，巴基斯坦军队杀害了300多万名手无寸铁的平民。
Simon Watts Lives in Somersham
西蒙·瓦茨 居住于萨默沙姆
Assaye. General Arthur Wellesley, later the Duke of Wellington, with around 9,500 troops and 17 cannon, beat the army of the Maratha empire in India, commanded by Anthony Pohlmann, a Hanoverian soldier with 10,800 European trained infantry, around 100 European crewed cannon, 10–20,000 irregular infantry and 30–40,000 irregular cavalry.
阿萨耶战役。阿瑟·韦尔斯利将军（后来的威灵顿公爵）率领约9500名士兵和17门大炮，击败了印度马拉塔帝国的军队。这支马拉塔军队由汉诺威士兵安东尼·波尔曼指挥，拥有10800名受过欧洲式训练的步兵、约100门由欧洲人操作的大炮、1万至2万名非正规步兵以及3万至4万名非正规骑兵。
He did this by crossing a ford in a river where there was not supposed to be a ford and then advancing Highland troops into the face of a cannon barrage when nobody in India would do such a thing.
Wellington considered it his greatest victory.
韦尔斯利之所以能取胜，是因为他率军渡过了一条本无渡口的河流浅滩，随后又命令高地部队顶着炮火前进，而这种战术在印度战场上是前所未有的。
威灵顿将这场战役视为自己最辉煌的胜利。
Randy Woods 20 years in the Air Force
兰迪·伍兹 空军服役20年
On land the last Stand of the Spartans.
陆战方面是斯巴达三百勇士的最后抵抗。
In 480BC, the Greek army, led by 300 Spartan warriors along 4000 other Greeks, awaited the onslaught of the Persian Empire's war machine, estimated at being a million strong, at the pass of Thermopylae. On the third day of battle the Spartan King Leonidas realized they were becoming surrounded, a Greek traitor showed the Persians a narrow path over the mountains but the main part of the army and their supplies need the easier path the Greeks held, so the king sent away most of the other Greeks. Against tremendous odds, the Spartans along with 1200 other Greeks held the narrow pass for days. The Greeks inflicted a shocking number of casualties the Persians until the last Greek was slain on the seventh day of battle.
公元前480年，由300名斯巴达勇士和4000名其他希腊士兵组成的希腊军队，在温泉关隘口迎战波斯帝国号称百万之众的大军。战役进行到第三天，斯巴达国王列奥尼达发现军队即将被包围——一名希腊叛徒向波斯人泄露了一条山间小径，但波斯大军的主力和补给仍需通过希腊人坚守的便捷通道，因此列奥尼达国王遣散了大部分其他希腊士兵。面对悬殊的兵力差距，300名斯巴达勇士与1200名希腊士兵一起，在狭窄的关隘坚守数日，给波斯军队造成了惊人的伤亡，直到第七天，最后一名希腊士兵阵亡。
The Athenians realized they could never defeat Persia on land so they abandoned Athens. The Athenians used the time paid for in blood by the Spartans to gather their fleet, call in the ships of their allies to face the fat larger Persian fleet 1000 to 1200 ships. The 371 Greek ships under the brilliant leadership Themistocles won a Decisive victory at the Battle of Salamis. The Persian Army was forced to withdraw part of their army, a year later at the Battle of Plataea, the Greek army won a decisive victory, destroying much of the Persian army and ending the invasion of Greece.
雅典人意识到无法在陆地上击败波斯，于是放弃了雅典城。他们利用斯巴达勇士用鲜血换来的时间集结舰队，并召集盟国船只，迎战规模远超己方的波斯舰队——波斯拥有1000至1200艘战舰，而希腊仅有371艘。在塞米斯托克利斯的出色指挥下，希腊舰队在萨拉米斯海战中取得决定性胜利，波斯军队被迫撤回部分兵力。一年后，在普拉提亚战役中，希腊军队再次大胜，重创波斯军队，终结了波斯对希腊的入侵。
At Sea: The Battle of Myeongnyang
The odds Twenty Five to One, the smaller force was victorious.
海战方面：鸣梁海战
双方兵力比例为25:1，兵力较少的一方最终获胜。
Admiral Togo, the mastermind behind the Russian defeat in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905 stated, "It may be proper to compare me with Nelson, but not with Korea's Yi Sun-Shin for he has no equal".
1905年对马海峡海战中击败俄国舰队的策划者东乡平八郎海军上将曾表示：“将我与纳尔逊相比或许尚可，但与朝鲜的李舜臣相比则不可，因为他无人能及。”
After numerous victories over the Japanese, Admiral Yi was falsely accused, tortured and reduced to rank of common solider but he carried on with a air of humble dignity. Yi's successor Won Gyun failed to respond to reports from his scouts allowing the Japanese to land critical army reinforcements. Without adequate reconnaissance or planning, Won Gyun decided to attack the Japanese invasion force with the Joseon (Korean) fleet, 150 warships operated by 30,000 men that had been carefully assembled and trained by Admiral Yi. Won Gyun sailed into Japanese fleet of 500 to 1000 ships on August 28, 1597. The Japanese immediately closed for melee combat, denying the Joseon ships the advantages of superior seamanship and cannon fire. The outnumbered Joseon sailors were reduced to fighting boarding actions and Japanese slaughtered them en masse.
李舜臣海军上将在多次击败日军后，遭到诬告、酷刑折磨，并被降为普通士兵，但他仍以谦逊而有尊严的态度坚守岗位。他的继任者元均未能及时响应侦察兵的报告，导致日军成功登陆并获得关键援军。元均在没有充分侦察和规划的情况下，决定用李舜臣精心组建和训练的朝鲜舰队（150艘战舰，3万名船员）进攻日军入侵部队。1597年8月28日，元均率领舰队遭遇了拥有500至1000艘船只的日本舰队，日军立即逼近展开近战，使朝鲜舰队无法发挥其卓越的航海技术和炮火优势。兵力处于劣势的朝鲜水手被迫进行接舷战，遭到日军大规模屠杀。
The Joseon fleet was decimated, only 13 warships survived. The Battle of Chilchonryang was the only naval victory for the Japanese during the war . When King Seonjo learned of the catastrophic defeat, Yi was hurriedly pardoned and reinstated as commander of the greatly reduced Joseon fleet. Admiral Yi located the 13 ships and rallied the 200 surviving sailors.
朝鲜舰队遭受重创，仅13艘战舰幸存，漆川梁海战成为日军在这场战争中唯一的海战胜利。宣祖大王得知这场惨败后，迅速赦免李舜臣，恢复其职务，让他指挥这支大幅缩减的舰队。李舜臣找到了这13艘战舰，并集结了200名幸存的水手。
None of 13 ships were armored turtle ships, the King thought the fleet was doomed so he sent an edict to Admiral Yi to abandon the ships and take his men to join the ground forces . Admiral Yi responded with a letter written "...your servant still doth have twelve warships under his command and he is still alive, that the enemy shall never be safe in the West Sea (the yellow Sea ).
这13艘战舰中没有一艘是装甲龟船，宣祖大王认为舰队已无胜算，于是下旨让李舜臣放弃战舰，率领士兵加入陆军。李舜臣在回信中写道：“臣尚有十二艘战舰，臣仍在世，倭寇在西海（黄海）便永无宁日。”
After careful study of potential battlefields, in October 1597 Admiral Yi lured the Japanese fleet into the Myeongnyang Strait, by sending a fast warship near the Japanese naval base and the Japanese fleet eager for battle gave pursuit. The Japanese fleet of approximately 333 ships (133 warships, at least 200 logistical support ships) entered Myeongnyang Strait. The Japanese ships were met by 13 Joseon (Korean) warships obscured by the shadows of the surrounding hills, ready with archers and cannons, the melee-based Japanese found themselves unable to break through the superior Joseon ranged fire.
经过对潜在战场的仔细研究，1597年10月，李舜臣派遣一艘快速战舰逼近日军海军基地，引诱急于求战的日军舰队追击，将其引入鸣梁海峡。由约333艘船只（133艘战舰、至少200艘后勤补给船）组成的日本舰队进入鸣梁海峡后，遭到了13艘朝鲜战舰的伏击——这些战舰隐藏在周围山丘的阴影中，弓箭手和火炮已准备就绪。擅长近战的日军无法突破朝鲜军队优越的远程火力。
The unpredictable current eventually wreaked havoc on the Japanese; their ships found themselves unable to maneuver and collided with each other when the tide reversed, while also presenting a perfect target for the Joseon naval artillery. Admiral Yi had routed a force that outnumbered him more than 25 to 1 in ships alone. About 31 of the 333 Japanese ships that entered the Myeongnyang Strait were destroyed or damaged. Joseon losses on the other hand were around ten casualties and no ships lost. Kurushima Michifusa was killed on his flagship by Joseon archers; his body in its ornate armor was fished out of the water, his severed head was put on display to demoralize the Japanese fleet.
变幻莫测的洋流最终给日军带来了灭顶之灾，潮水反转时，他们的船只无法 maneuver，相互碰撞，成为朝鲜海军火炮的绝佳目标。李舜臣仅凭借13艘战舰，击溃了兵力是自己25倍以上的日军舰队。进入鸣梁海峡的333艘日本船只中，约31艘被摧毁或重创，而朝鲜方面仅伤亡约10人，未损失一艘战舰。日军将领来岛通总在旗舰上被朝鲜弓箭手射杀，他身着华丽盔甲的尸体被打捞上岸后，头颅被砍下示众，以瓦解日军的士气。
In a latter battle Yi died leading the pursuit of the defeated Japanese fleet.
Yi died with 23 victories at sea and zero defeats.\\\\
在后来的一场战役中，李舜臣在追击溃败的日军舰队时壮烈牺牲。
李舜臣一生取得了23场海战胜利，未尝一败。
评论翻译
Gary Zhang Lives in Australia Upvoted by Aamos Ekman, Ph.D History & Psychology, University of Turku (2005) and Mike Fletcher, MA History & French, Peterhouse, Cambridge (1986)
加里·张 居住于澳大利亚 获图尔库大学历史与心理学博士（2005年毕业）阿莫斯·埃克曼、剑桥大学彼得豪斯学院历史与法语硕士（1986年毕业）迈克·弗莱彻点赞
There are 4 Universal Laws of Warfare. The 2nd Law is to never screw with the Finns.
The Soviets learned this the hard way during the Winter War (fought between Finland and the Soviet unx). This war became a meme for just how much fail there was involved.
战争有四条普遍法则，第二条是永远不要招惹芬兰人。
苏联在苏芬冬季战争（芬兰与苏联之间的战争）中惨痛地吸取了这个教训，这场战争也因双方实力差距带来的一边倒战局而成为广为人知的案例。
The Finns were ridiculously outnumbered by the Soviets. The Finns only had 250000 men, and a handful of tanks and aircraft, compared to nearly a million men and thousands of tanks and aircraft that the Soviets possessed. In other words, the Finns had a massive problem in that they were heavily outnumbered in terms of men and equipment. Not to mention, that the majority of their equipment was often quite outdated and old.
Keeping this in mind, it should’ve been a relatively easy and quick victory for the Soviets. Unfortunately for them, they were fighting the Finnish. And this is where the Second Law comes in.
芬兰军队在人数上远逊于苏联，仅拥有25万人以及少量坦克和飞机，而苏联则出动了近百万兵力、数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。换句话说，芬兰在兵力和装备上都处于极大劣势，而且大部分装备都相当陈旧过时。
考虑到这些因素，苏联本应能轻松快速地取得胜利，但不幸的是，他们的对手是芬兰人，这也印证了那条战争法则。
The Finnish proceeded to utterly crush the Soviets. It should be noted that Soviet leadership was severely affected by the recent purges initiated by Stalin, and thus they were rather inexperienced, and were in a weakened state. Even so, the Finns continued to humiliate the Red Army. Examples of this include that they ended up with 32:1 kill to loss ratios with mostly outdated aircraft (Brewster Buffalo) and by the end of the war, they had more tanks then they did at the start (they just straight up captured them all).
然而芬兰军队却彻底击溃了苏联军队。需要指出的是，苏联领导层当时刚经历斯大林发起的大清洗，经验不足且实力受损，但即便如此，芬兰仍让苏联红军颜面尽失。比如，芬兰凭借大多过时的布鲁斯特水牛战斗机取得了32:1的杀伤比，战争结束时，他们的坦克数量甚至比开战初期还多，这些坦克全是从苏军那里缴获的。
In the end however, the Soviets were eventually able to attain a favorable position with the “Moscow Peace Treaty” which resulted in Finland ceding a large amount of its territory as well as equipment and raw materials. This did however come at a serious cost, with the Soviets suffering around 400000 casualties and the loss of thousands of their tanks and hundreds of aircraft.
不过最终，苏联通过《莫斯科和平条约》获得了有利地位，芬兰被迫割让大量领土、装备和原材料，但苏联也付出了惨重代价，约40万人伤亡，损失数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。
The Winter War is both the most unbalanced and unintentionally hilarious war in all of history, due to just how badly the Finnish were able to utterly humiliate the Soviets despite being massively outnumbered. The Soviet unx learned the Second Universal Law of Warfare, the hard way.
苏芬冬季战争既是历史上最实力悬殊的战争，也是一场颇具戏剧性的战争——芬兰在兵力和装备都处于绝对劣势的情况下，却让苏联遭受了前所未有的羞辱，苏联也因此惨痛地学到了战争的第二条普遍法则。
Richard Anderson B.A. in History, UC Santa Barbara
理查德·安德森 加州大学圣巴巴拉分校历史学学士
The details are known, so I won’t repeat them - they re easily searchable.
相关细节已广为人知，在此不再赘述，网上可轻松查到。
The Second Italio-Ethiopian War from 1935 -1937. As was the Spanish Civl War for the Nazis and the Soviets, this was a testing ground for Mussolini’s Italian Armed Forces to test their mettle in battle and see how their weapon systems worked so they would be ready when WWII broke out a few years later. Even with the Italians having an unbeatable tech advantage in their weapon systems, the Nazis even provided them with more. The Ethiopians were relatively primitive, with their infantry being armed with muskets, and the the cavalry armed with swords. The Italians had air power, tanks, artillery, modern rifles and other guns, and more.
1935年至1937年的第二次意埃战争便是如此。就像西班牙内战对纳粹德国和苏联一样，这场战争是墨索里尼领导的意大利军队的试验场，用于检验其作战能力和武器系统性能，为几年后二战爆发做准备。意大利的武器系统本就拥有压倒性技术优势，纳粹德国还为其提供了更多支援，而埃塞俄比亚则相对落后，步兵装备滑膛枪，骑兵仅配备刀剑，意大利却拥有空军、坦克、火炮、现代步枪等先进武器。
I’m of Italian heritage, and my relatives from the Old Country spoke fondly of this war, as it is one of the only ones on which side Italy came out victorious. It wasn’t a fair fight, and the Italian Military underperformed. However, since this was a test run, that was a learning experience. Whether it helped is debatable, since the Italian Military did not acquit itself very well during WWII.
我有意大利血统，家乡的亲戚们对这场战争满怀好感，因为这是意大利为数不多的胜利战争之一。这场战争本就不公平，意大利军队的表现也不尽如人意，但作为一次试验，它算是一次学习经历。不过这种经历是否起到了作用仍有争议，因为意大利军队在二战中的表现并未好转。
Brian Serle Former rabbi at Congregation Sons of Abraham (2019–2024)
布莱恩·塞尔 前亚伯拉罕之子会拉比（2019-2024年任职）
The most unbalanced war in history must be the war of Nazi Germany against the Jews. The German army, SS and local police and civilian collaborators all over Europe always carried guns, ranging from pistols to submachine guns, as well as whips. These weapons were often unnecessary, as the hundreds of soldiers and police evacuated and deported millions of innocent men, women and children to their deaths. These sacred souls were often shot on the spot, often on a whim, and almost always not on an order from a superior. The descxtions of the evil work of the Einsatzgruppen, machine-gunning a million or more Jews into pits all over eastern Europe, are documented elsewhere. Except for a very few instances (Kovno, Warsaw, etc.), the Jews were totally unarmed. Even worse, they were lulled into submission by promises of better conditions elsewhere, reunxs with family, showers that led to gas chambers, etc. Lucy Davidowicz wrote an excellent book, The War Against the Jews, describing this unbalanced inhumane war.
历史上最实力悬殊的战争必然是纳粹德国对犹太人发动的战争。德国军队、党卫军、欧洲各地的地方警察和平民协从者都携带武器，从手枪到冲锋枪应有尽有，甚至还有鞭子。这些武器往往是多余的，数百名士兵和警察驱逐、押送数百万无辜的男女老少走向死亡，这些无辜的人常常被随意当场射杀，几乎都没有上级的正式命令。特别行动队在东欧各地将一百万甚至更多犹太人用机枪扫射至死并抛尸坑中的恶行，相关记载随处可见。除了少数情况（如考纳斯、华沙等地的反抗），犹太人完全手无寸铁，更悲惨的是，他们被“更好的生活条件”“与家人团聚”“淋浴”等谎言诱骗顺从，而所谓的“淋浴”实则是通往毒气室的陷阱。露西·戴维诺维茨撰写了一本优秀的著作《对犹太人的战争》，详细描述了这场实力悬殊且惨无人道的战争。
Juan Diego Botran Bachelor in Business Administration, ESADE (Graduated 2020)
胡安·迭戈·博特兰 埃萨德商学院工商管理学士（2020年毕业）
I’ll tell you a story told in Guatemala. I can’t say if it is indeed true but it’s pretty well-known.
On 1519, after the discovery of America, the spanish startes exploring the lands, which lead to the discovery of the very under-developped (compared to spanish) Mayan civilization that still used stone-point spears and cloth as armor.
我要讲一个危地马拉流传的故事，不确定其真实性，但它广为人知。
1519年，美洲被发现后，西班牙人开始探索这片土地，随后发现了玛雅文明。与西班牙相比，玛雅文明非常落后，仍使用石尖长矛，以布料作为盔甲。
The expansion of the spanish empire led to a war against the mayas, a very unfair one. At that time the Mayas were lead by Tecun Uman, who is still considered a hero in Guatemala. It is said that when Tecun Uman fought Pedro de Alvarado on his white horse, he speared the horse believing they were one and the same, leaving Pedro de Alvarado untouched. You can imagine what happened to Tecun Uman soon after.
I think that’s pretty much as unfair as it gets.
西班牙帝国的扩张引发了对玛雅人的战争，这是一场极不公平的战争。当时玛雅人由特昆·乌曼领导，他至今仍被视为危地马拉的英雄。据说，特昆·乌曼与骑在白马上的佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多交战时，误以为人和马是一体的，用长矛刺向马匹，佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多毫发无损，可想而知特昆·乌曼随后的命运。
我认为这是最不公平的战争之一。
Shamim Huq Civil, Piping, Structural Engr - All Star lixedin (1977–present)
沙米姆·胡克 土木、管道、结构工程师 - 领英精英（1977年至今任职）
The Bangladesh war in 1971 was a very organized and planned attack designed by Brigadier General JFR Jacob of Indian Army. His book - “Surrender at Dhaka”, is available online and a thrill to read. In 14 days a joint force of Bangladesh battalions, 100,000 Freedom Fighters, spearheaded by Freedom Fighters rode to victory in the Capital Dhaka of the new nation Bangladesh. A total of 93,000 members of Pakistan Army surrendered. I was there throughout the 9 months of Pakistan Army occupation and GENOCIDE inflicted on the Bangladeshi people. Pakistan Army murdered over 3 million mostly unarmed civilians in nine months. I was witness to that slaughter.
1971年的孟加拉国战争是印度陆军准将JFR·雅各布精心策划的一次有组织进攻，他的著作《达卡投降》在网上可查，读来令人震撼。在14天内，孟加拉国营队与10万名自由战士组成的联合部队，在自由战士的带头冲锋下，攻克了新国家孟加拉国的首都达卡，取得胜利，共有9.3万名巴基斯坦军队士兵投降。巴基斯坦军队占领孟加拉国的9个月里，我全程在场，亲眼目睹了他们对孟加拉人民实施的种族灭绝暴行，9个月内，巴基斯坦军队杀害了300多万名手无寸铁的平民。
Simon Watts Lives in Somersham
西蒙·瓦茨 居住于萨默沙姆
Assaye. General Arthur Wellesley, later the Duke of Wellington, with around 9,500 troops and 17 cannon, beat the army of the Maratha empire in India, commanded by Anthony Pohlmann, a Hanoverian soldier with 10,800 European trained infantry, around 100 European crewed cannon, 10–20,000 irregular infantry and 30–40,000 irregular cavalry.
阿萨耶战役。阿瑟·韦尔斯利将军（后来的威灵顿公爵）率领约9500名士兵和17门大炮，击败了印度马拉塔帝国的军队。这支马拉塔军队由汉诺威士兵安东尼·波尔曼指挥，拥有10800名受过欧洲式训练的步兵、约100门由欧洲人操作的大炮、1万至2万名非正规步兵以及3万至4万名非正规骑兵。
He did this by crossing a ford in a river where there was not supposed to be a ford and then advancing Highland troops into the face of a cannon barrage when nobody in India would do such a thing.
Wellington considered it his greatest victory.
韦尔斯利之所以能取胜，是因为他率军渡过了一条本无渡口的河流浅滩，随后又命令高地部队顶着炮火前进，而这种战术在印度战场上是前所未有的。
威灵顿将这场战役视为自己最辉煌的胜利。
Randy Woods 20 years in the Air Force
兰迪·伍兹 空军服役20年
On land the last Stand of the Spartans.
陆战方面是斯巴达三百勇士的最后抵抗。
In 480BC, the Greek army, led by 300 Spartan warriors along 4000 other Greeks, awaited the onslaught of the Persian Empire's war machine, estimated at being a million strong, at the pass of Thermopylae. On the third day of battle the Spartan King Leonidas realized they were becoming surrounded, a Greek traitor showed the Persians a narrow path over the mountains but the main part of the army and their supplies need the easier path the Greeks held, so the king sent away most of the other Greeks. Against tremendous odds, the Spartans along with 1200 other Greeks held the narrow pass for days. The Greeks inflicted a shocking number of casualties the Persians until the last Greek was slain on the seventh day of battle.
公元前480年，由300名斯巴达勇士和4000名其他希腊士兵组成的希腊军队，在温泉关隘口迎战波斯帝国号称百万之众的大军。战役进行到第三天，斯巴达国王列奥尼达发现军队即将被包围——一名希腊叛徒向波斯人泄露了一条山间小径，但波斯大军的主力和补给仍需通过希腊人坚守的便捷通道，因此列奥尼达国王遣散了大部分其他希腊士兵。面对悬殊的兵力差距，300名斯巴达勇士与1200名希腊士兵一起，在狭窄的关隘坚守数日，给波斯军队造成了惊人的伤亡，直到第七天，最后一名希腊士兵阵亡。
The Athenians realized they could never defeat Persia on land so they abandoned Athens. The Athenians used the time paid for in blood by the Spartans to gather their fleet, call in the ships of their allies to face the fat larger Persian fleet 1000 to 1200 ships. The 371 Greek ships under the brilliant leadership Themistocles won a Decisive victory at the Battle of Salamis. The Persian Army was forced to withdraw part of their army, a year later at the Battle of Plataea, the Greek army won a decisive victory, destroying much of the Persian army and ending the invasion of Greece.
雅典人意识到无法在陆地上击败波斯，于是放弃了雅典城。他们利用斯巴达勇士用鲜血换来的时间集结舰队，并召集盟国船只，迎战规模远超己方的波斯舰队——波斯拥有1000至1200艘战舰，而希腊仅有371艘。在塞米斯托克利斯的出色指挥下，希腊舰队在萨拉米斯海战中取得决定性胜利，波斯军队被迫撤回部分兵力。一年后，在普拉提亚战役中，希腊军队再次大胜，重创波斯军队，终结了波斯对希腊的入侵。
At Sea: The Battle of Myeongnyang
The odds Twenty Five to One, the smaller force was victorious.
海战方面：鸣梁海战
双方兵力比例为25:1，兵力较少的一方最终获胜。
Admiral Togo, the mastermind behind the Russian defeat in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905 stated, "It may be proper to compare me with Nelson, but not with Korea's Yi Sun-Shin for he has no equal".
1905年对马海峡海战中击败俄国舰队的策划者东乡平八郎海军上将曾表示：“将我与纳尔逊相比或许尚可，但与朝鲜的李舜臣相比则不可，因为他无人能及。”
After numerous victories over the Japanese, Admiral Yi was falsely accused, tortured and reduced to rank of common solider but he carried on with a air of humble dignity. Yi's successor Won Gyun failed to respond to reports from his scouts allowing the Japanese to land critical army reinforcements. Without adequate reconnaissance or planning, Won Gyun decided to attack the Japanese invasion force with the Joseon (Korean) fleet, 150 warships operated by 30,000 men that had been carefully assembled and trained by Admiral Yi. Won Gyun sailed into Japanese fleet of 500 to 1000 ships on August 28, 1597. The Japanese immediately closed for melee combat, denying the Joseon ships the advantages of superior seamanship and cannon fire. The outnumbered Joseon sailors were reduced to fighting boarding actions and Japanese slaughtered them en masse.
李舜臣海军上将在多次击败日军后，遭到诬告、酷刑折磨，并被降为普通士兵，但他仍以谦逊而有尊严的态度坚守岗位。他的继任者元均未能及时响应侦察兵的报告，导致日军成功登陆并获得关键援军。元均在没有充分侦察和规划的情况下，决定用李舜臣精心组建和训练的朝鲜舰队（150艘战舰，3万名船员）进攻日军入侵部队。1597年8月28日，元均率领舰队遭遇了拥有500至1000艘船只的日本舰队，日军立即逼近展开近战，使朝鲜舰队无法发挥其卓越的航海技术和炮火优势。兵力处于劣势的朝鲜水手被迫进行接舷战，遭到日军大规模屠杀。
The Joseon fleet was decimated, only 13 warships survived. The Battle of Chilchonryang was the only naval victory for the Japanese during the war . When King Seonjo learned of the catastrophic defeat, Yi was hurriedly pardoned and reinstated as commander of the greatly reduced Joseon fleet. Admiral Yi located the 13 ships and rallied the 200 surviving sailors.
朝鲜舰队遭受重创，仅13艘战舰幸存，漆川梁海战成为日军在这场战争中唯一的海战胜利。宣祖大王得知这场惨败后，迅速赦免李舜臣，恢复其职务，让他指挥这支大幅缩减的舰队。李舜臣找到了这13艘战舰，并集结了200名幸存的水手。
None of 13 ships were armored turtle ships, the King thought the fleet was doomed so he sent an edict to Admiral Yi to abandon the ships and take his men to join the ground forces . Admiral Yi responded with a letter written "...your servant still doth have twelve warships under his command and he is still alive, that the enemy shall never be safe in the West Sea (the yellow Sea ).
这13艘战舰中没有一艘是装甲龟船，宣祖大王认为舰队已无胜算，于是下旨让李舜臣放弃战舰，率领士兵加入陆军。李舜臣在回信中写道：“臣尚有十二艘战舰，臣仍在世，倭寇在西海（黄海）便永无宁日。”
After careful study of potential battlefields, in October 1597 Admiral Yi lured the Japanese fleet into the Myeongnyang Strait, by sending a fast warship near the Japanese naval base and the Japanese fleet eager for battle gave pursuit. The Japanese fleet of approximately 333 ships (133 warships, at least 200 logistical support ships) entered Myeongnyang Strait. The Japanese ships were met by 13 Joseon (Korean) warships obscured by the shadows of the surrounding hills, ready with archers and cannons, the melee-based Japanese found themselves unable to break through the superior Joseon ranged fire.
经过对潜在战场的仔细研究，1597年10月，李舜臣派遣一艘快速战舰逼近日军海军基地，引诱急于求战的日军舰队追击，将其引入鸣梁海峡。由约333艘船只（133艘战舰、至少200艘后勤补给船）组成的日本舰队进入鸣梁海峡后，遭到了13艘朝鲜战舰的伏击——这些战舰隐藏在周围山丘的阴影中，弓箭手和火炮已准备就绪。擅长近战的日军无法突破朝鲜军队优越的远程火力。
The unpredictable current eventually wreaked havoc on the Japanese; their ships found themselves unable to maneuver and collided with each other when the tide reversed, while also presenting a perfect target for the Joseon naval artillery. Admiral Yi had routed a force that outnumbered him more than 25 to 1 in ships alone. About 31 of the 333 Japanese ships that entered the Myeongnyang Strait were destroyed or damaged. Joseon losses on the other hand were around ten casualties and no ships lost. Kurushima Michifusa was killed on his flagship by Joseon archers; his body in its ornate armor was fished out of the water, his severed head was put on display to demoralize the Japanese fleet.
变幻莫测的洋流最终给日军带来了灭顶之灾，潮水反转时，他们的船只无法 maneuver，相互碰撞，成为朝鲜海军火炮的绝佳目标。李舜臣仅凭借13艘战舰，击溃了兵力是自己25倍以上的日军舰队。进入鸣梁海峡的333艘日本船只中，约31艘被摧毁或重创，而朝鲜方面仅伤亡约10人，未损失一艘战舰。日军将领来岛通总在旗舰上被朝鲜弓箭手射杀，他身着华丽盔甲的尸体被打捞上岸后，头颅被砍下示众，以瓦解日军的士气。
In a latter battle Yi died leading the pursuit of the defeated Japanese fleet.
Yi died with 23 victories at sea and zero defeats.\\\\
在后来的一场战役中，李舜臣在追击溃败的日军舰队时壮烈牺牲。
李舜臣一生取得了23场海战胜利，未尝一败。
加里·张 居住于澳大利亚 获图尔库大学历史与心理学博士（2005年毕业）阿莫斯·埃克曼、剑桥大学彼得豪斯学院历史与法语硕士（1986年毕业）迈克·弗莱彻点赞
There are 4 Universal Laws of Warfare. The 2nd Law is to never screw with the Finns.
The Soviets learned this the hard way during the Winter War (fought between Finland and the Soviet unx). This war became a meme for just how much fail there was involved.
战争有四条普遍法则，第二条是永远不要招惹芬兰人。
苏联在苏芬冬季战争（芬兰与苏联之间的战争）中惨痛地吸取了这个教训，这场战争也因双方实力差距带来的一边倒战局而成为广为人知的案例。
The Finns were ridiculously outnumbered by the Soviets. The Finns only had 250000 men, and a handful of tanks and aircraft, compared to nearly a million men and thousands of tanks and aircraft that the Soviets possessed. In other words, the Finns had a massive problem in that they were heavily outnumbered in terms of men and equipment. Not to mention, that the majority of their equipment was often quite outdated and old.
Keeping this in mind, it should’ve been a relatively easy and quick victory for the Soviets. Unfortunately for them, they were fighting the Finnish. And this is where the Second Law comes in.
芬兰军队在人数上远逊于苏联，仅拥有25万人以及少量坦克和飞机，而苏联则出动了近百万兵力、数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。换句话说，芬兰在兵力和装备上都处于极大劣势，而且大部分装备都相当陈旧过时。
考虑到这些因素，苏联本应能轻松快速地取得胜利，但不幸的是，他们的对手是芬兰人，这也印证了那条战争法则。
The Finnish proceeded to utterly crush the Soviets. It should be noted that Soviet leadership was severely affected by the recent purges initiated by Stalin, and thus they were rather inexperienced, and were in a weakened state. Even so, the Finns continued to humiliate the Red Army. Examples of this include that they ended up with 32:1 kill to loss ratios with mostly outdated aircraft (Brewster Buffalo) and by the end of the war, they had more tanks then they did at the start (they just straight up captured them all).
然而芬兰军队却彻底击溃了苏联军队。需要指出的是，苏联领导层当时刚经历斯大林发起的大清洗，经验不足且实力受损，但即便如此，芬兰仍让苏联红军颜面尽失。比如，芬兰凭借大多过时的布鲁斯特水牛战斗机取得了32:1的杀伤比，战争结束时，他们的坦克数量甚至比开战初期还多，这些坦克全是从苏军那里缴获的。
In the end however, the Soviets were eventually able to attain a favorable position with the “Moscow Peace Treaty” which resulted in Finland ceding a large amount of its territory as well as equipment and raw materials. This did however come at a serious cost, with the Soviets suffering around 400000 casualties and the loss of thousands of their tanks and hundreds of aircraft.
不过最终，苏联通过《莫斯科和平条约》获得了有利地位，芬兰被迫割让大量领土、装备和原材料，但苏联也付出了惨重代价，约40万人伤亡，损失数千辆坦克和数百架飞机。
The Winter War is both the most unbalanced and unintentionally hilarious war in all of history, due to just how badly the Finnish were able to utterly humiliate the Soviets despite being massively outnumbered. The Soviet unx learned the Second Universal Law of Warfare, the hard way.
苏芬冬季战争既是历史上最实力悬殊的战争，也是一场颇具戏剧性的战争——芬兰在兵力和装备都处于绝对劣势的情况下，却让苏联遭受了前所未有的羞辱，苏联也因此惨痛地学到了战争的第二条普遍法则。
Richard Anderson B.A. in History, UC Santa Barbara
理查德·安德森 加州大学圣巴巴拉分校历史学学士
The details are known, so I won’t repeat them - they re easily searchable.
相关细节已广为人知，在此不再赘述，网上可轻松查到。
The Second Italio-Ethiopian War from 1935 -1937. As was the Spanish Civl War for the Nazis and the Soviets, this was a testing ground for Mussolini’s Italian Armed Forces to test their mettle in battle and see how their weapon systems worked so they would be ready when WWII broke out a few years later. Even with the Italians having an unbeatable tech advantage in their weapon systems, the Nazis even provided them with more. The Ethiopians were relatively primitive, with their infantry being armed with muskets, and the the cavalry armed with swords. The Italians had air power, tanks, artillery, modern rifles and other guns, and more.
1935年至1937年的第二次意埃战争便是如此。就像西班牙内战对纳粹德国和苏联一样，这场战争是墨索里尼领导的意大利军队的试验场，用于检验其作战能力和武器系统性能，为几年后二战爆发做准备。意大利的武器系统本就拥有压倒性技术优势，纳粹德国还为其提供了更多支援，而埃塞俄比亚则相对落后，步兵装备滑膛枪，骑兵仅配备刀剑，意大利却拥有空军、坦克、火炮、现代步枪等先进武器。
I’m of Italian heritage, and my relatives from the Old Country spoke fondly of this war, as it is one of the only ones on which side Italy came out victorious. It wasn’t a fair fight, and the Italian Military underperformed. However, since this was a test run, that was a learning experience. Whether it helped is debatable, since the Italian Military did not acquit itself very well during WWII.
我有意大利血统，家乡的亲戚们对这场战争满怀好感，因为这是意大利为数不多的胜利战争之一。这场战争本就不公平，意大利军队的表现也不尽如人意，但作为一次试验，它算是一次学习经历。不过这种经历是否起到了作用仍有争议，因为意大利军队在二战中的表现并未好转。
Brian Serle Former rabbi at Congregation Sons of Abraham (2019–2024)
布莱恩·塞尔 前亚伯拉罕之子会拉比（2019-2024年任职）
The most unbalanced war in history must be the war of Nazi Germany against the Jews. The German army, SS and local police and civilian collaborators all over Europe always carried guns, ranging from pistols to submachine guns, as well as whips. These weapons were often unnecessary, as the hundreds of soldiers and police evacuated and deported millions of innocent men, women and children to their deaths. These sacred souls were often shot on the spot, often on a whim, and almost always not on an order from a superior. The descxtions of the evil work of the Einsatzgruppen, machine-gunning a million or more Jews into pits all over eastern Europe, are documented elsewhere. Except for a very few instances (Kovno, Warsaw, etc.), the Jews were totally unarmed. Even worse, they were lulled into submission by promises of better conditions elsewhere, reunxs with family, showers that led to gas chambers, etc. Lucy Davidowicz wrote an excellent book, The War Against the Jews, describing this unbalanced inhumane war.
历史上最实力悬殊的战争必然是纳粹德国对犹太人发动的战争。德国军队、党卫军、欧洲各地的地方警察和平民协从者都携带武器，从手枪到冲锋枪应有尽有，甚至还有鞭子。这些武器往往是多余的，数百名士兵和警察驱逐、押送数百万无辜的男女老少走向死亡，这些无辜的人常常被随意当场射杀，几乎都没有上级的正式命令。特别行动队在东欧各地将一百万甚至更多犹太人用机枪扫射至死并抛尸坑中的恶行，相关记载随处可见。除了少数情况（如考纳斯、华沙等地的反抗），犹太人完全手无寸铁，更悲惨的是，他们被“更好的生活条件”“与家人团聚”“淋浴”等谎言诱骗顺从，而所谓的“淋浴”实则是通往毒气室的陷阱。露西·戴维诺维茨撰写了一本优秀的著作《对犹太人的战争》，详细描述了这场实力悬殊且惨无人道的战争。
Juan Diego Botran Bachelor in Business Administration, ESADE (Graduated 2020)
胡安·迭戈·博特兰 埃萨德商学院工商管理学士（2020年毕业）
I’ll tell you a story told in Guatemala. I can’t say if it is indeed true but it’s pretty well-known.
On 1519, after the discovery of America, the spanish startes exploring the lands, which lead to the discovery of the very under-developped (compared to spanish) Mayan civilization that still used stone-point spears and cloth as armor.
我要讲一个危地马拉流传的故事，不确定其真实性，但它广为人知。
1519年，美洲被发现后，西班牙人开始探索这片土地，随后发现了玛雅文明。与西班牙相比，玛雅文明非常落后，仍使用石尖长矛，以布料作为盔甲。
The expansion of the spanish empire led to a war against the mayas, a very unfair one. At that time the Mayas were lead by Tecun Uman, who is still considered a hero in Guatemala. It is said that when Tecun Uman fought Pedro de Alvarado on his white horse, he speared the horse believing they were one and the same, leaving Pedro de Alvarado untouched. You can imagine what happened to Tecun Uman soon after.
I think that’s pretty much as unfair as it gets.
西班牙帝国的扩张引发了对玛雅人的战争，这是一场极不公平的战争。当时玛雅人由特昆·乌曼领导，他至今仍被视为危地马拉的英雄。据说，特昆·乌曼与骑在白马上的佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多交战时，误以为人和马是一体的，用长矛刺向马匹，佩德罗·德·阿尔瓦拉多毫发无损，可想而知特昆·乌曼随后的命运。
我认为这是最不公平的战争之一。
Shamim Huq Civil, Piping, Structural Engr - All Star lixedin (1977–present)
沙米姆·胡克 土木、管道、结构工程师 - 领英精英（1977年至今任职）
The Bangladesh war in 1971 was a very organized and planned attack designed by Brigadier General JFR Jacob of Indian Army. His book - “Surrender at Dhaka”, is available online and a thrill to read. In 14 days a joint force of Bangladesh battalions, 100,000 Freedom Fighters, spearheaded by Freedom Fighters rode to victory in the Capital Dhaka of the new nation Bangladesh. A total of 93,000 members of Pakistan Army surrendered. I was there throughout the 9 months of Pakistan Army occupation and GENOCIDE inflicted on the Bangladeshi people. Pakistan Army murdered over 3 million mostly unarmed civilians in nine months. I was witness to that slaughter.
1971年的孟加拉国战争是印度陆军准将JFR·雅各布精心策划的一次有组织进攻，他的著作《达卡投降》在网上可查，读来令人震撼。在14天内，孟加拉国营队与10万名自由战士组成的联合部队，在自由战士的带头冲锋下，攻克了新国家孟加拉国的首都达卡，取得胜利，共有9.3万名巴基斯坦军队士兵投降。巴基斯坦军队占领孟加拉国的9个月里，我全程在场，亲眼目睹了他们对孟加拉人民实施的种族灭绝暴行，9个月内，巴基斯坦军队杀害了300多万名手无寸铁的平民。
Simon Watts Lives in Somersham
西蒙·瓦茨 居住于萨默沙姆
Assaye. General Arthur Wellesley, later the Duke of Wellington, with around 9,500 troops and 17 cannon, beat the army of the Maratha empire in India, commanded by Anthony Pohlmann, a Hanoverian soldier with 10,800 European trained infantry, around 100 European crewed cannon, 10–20,000 irregular infantry and 30–40,000 irregular cavalry.
阿萨耶战役。阿瑟·韦尔斯利将军（后来的威灵顿公爵）率领约9500名士兵和17门大炮，击败了印度马拉塔帝国的军队。这支马拉塔军队由汉诺威士兵安东尼·波尔曼指挥，拥有10800名受过欧洲式训练的步兵、约100门由欧洲人操作的大炮、1万至2万名非正规步兵以及3万至4万名非正规骑兵。
He did this by crossing a ford in a river where there was not supposed to be a ford and then advancing Highland troops into the face of a cannon barrage when nobody in India would do such a thing.
Wellington considered it his greatest victory.
韦尔斯利之所以能取胜，是因为他率军渡过了一条本无渡口的河流浅滩，随后又命令高地部队顶着炮火前进，而这种战术在印度战场上是前所未有的。
威灵顿将这场战役视为自己最辉煌的胜利。
Randy Woods 20 years in the Air Force
兰迪·伍兹 空军服役20年
On land the last Stand of the Spartans.
陆战方面是斯巴达三百勇士的最后抵抗。
In 480BC, the Greek army, led by 300 Spartan warriors along 4000 other Greeks, awaited the onslaught of the Persian Empire's war machine, estimated at being a million strong, at the pass of Thermopylae. On the third day of battle the Spartan King Leonidas realized they were becoming surrounded, a Greek traitor showed the Persians a narrow path over the mountains but the main part of the army and their supplies need the easier path the Greeks held, so the king sent away most of the other Greeks. Against tremendous odds, the Spartans along with 1200 other Greeks held the narrow pass for days. The Greeks inflicted a shocking number of casualties the Persians until the last Greek was slain on the seventh day of battle.
公元前480年，由300名斯巴达勇士和4000名其他希腊士兵组成的希腊军队，在温泉关隘口迎战波斯帝国号称百万之众的大军。战役进行到第三天，斯巴达国王列奥尼达发现军队即将被包围——一名希腊叛徒向波斯人泄露了一条山间小径，但波斯大军的主力和补给仍需通过希腊人坚守的便捷通道，因此列奥尼达国王遣散了大部分其他希腊士兵。面对悬殊的兵力差距，300名斯巴达勇士与1200名希腊士兵一起，在狭窄的关隘坚守数日，给波斯军队造成了惊人的伤亡，直到第七天，最后一名希腊士兵阵亡。
The Athenians realized they could never defeat Persia on land so they abandoned Athens. The Athenians used the time paid for in blood by the Spartans to gather their fleet, call in the ships of their allies to face the fat larger Persian fleet 1000 to 1200 ships. The 371 Greek ships under the brilliant leadership Themistocles won a Decisive victory at the Battle of Salamis. The Persian Army was forced to withdraw part of their army, a year later at the Battle of Plataea, the Greek army won a decisive victory, destroying much of the Persian army and ending the invasion of Greece.
雅典人意识到无法在陆地上击败波斯，于是放弃了雅典城。他们利用斯巴达勇士用鲜血换来的时间集结舰队，并召集盟国船只，迎战规模远超己方的波斯舰队——波斯拥有1000至1200艘战舰，而希腊仅有371艘。在塞米斯托克利斯的出色指挥下，希腊舰队在萨拉米斯海战中取得决定性胜利，波斯军队被迫撤回部分兵力。一年后，在普拉提亚战役中，希腊军队再次大胜，重创波斯军队，终结了波斯对希腊的入侵。
At Sea: The Battle of Myeongnyang
The odds Twenty Five to One, the smaller force was victorious.
海战方面：鸣梁海战
双方兵力比例为25:1，兵力较少的一方最终获胜。
Admiral Togo, the mastermind behind the Russian defeat in the Battle of Tsushima in 1905 stated, "It may be proper to compare me with Nelson, but not with Korea's Yi Sun-Shin for he has no equal".
1905年对马海峡海战中击败俄国舰队的策划者东乡平八郎海军上将曾表示：“将我与纳尔逊相比或许尚可，但与朝鲜的李舜臣相比则不可，因为他无人能及。”
After numerous victories over the Japanese, Admiral Yi was falsely accused, tortured and reduced to rank of common solider but he carried on with a air of humble dignity. Yi's successor Won Gyun failed to respond to reports from his scouts allowing the Japanese to land critical army reinforcements. Without adequate reconnaissance or planning, Won Gyun decided to attack the Japanese invasion force with the Joseon (Korean) fleet, 150 warships operated by 30,000 men that had been carefully assembled and trained by Admiral Yi. Won Gyun sailed into Japanese fleet of 500 to 1000 ships on August 28, 1597. The Japanese immediately closed for melee combat, denying the Joseon ships the advantages of superior seamanship and cannon fire. The outnumbered Joseon sailors were reduced to fighting boarding actions and Japanese slaughtered them en masse.
李舜臣海军上将在多次击败日军后，遭到诬告、酷刑折磨，并被降为普通士兵，但他仍以谦逊而有尊严的态度坚守岗位。他的继任者元均未能及时响应侦察兵的报告，导致日军成功登陆并获得关键援军。元均在没有充分侦察和规划的情况下，决定用李舜臣精心组建和训练的朝鲜舰队（150艘战舰，3万名船员）进攻日军入侵部队。1597年8月28日，元均率领舰队遭遇了拥有500至1000艘船只的日本舰队，日军立即逼近展开近战，使朝鲜舰队无法发挥其卓越的航海技术和炮火优势。兵力处于劣势的朝鲜水手被迫进行接舷战，遭到日军大规模屠杀。
The Joseon fleet was decimated, only 13 warships survived. The Battle of Chilchonryang was the only naval victory for the Japanese during the war . When King Seonjo learned of the catastrophic defeat, Yi was hurriedly pardoned and reinstated as commander of the greatly reduced Joseon fleet. Admiral Yi located the 13 ships and rallied the 200 surviving sailors.
朝鲜舰队遭受重创，仅13艘战舰幸存，漆川梁海战成为日军在这场战争中唯一的海战胜利。宣祖大王得知这场惨败后，迅速赦免李舜臣，恢复其职务，让他指挥这支大幅缩减的舰队。李舜臣找到了这13艘战舰，并集结了200名幸存的水手。
None of 13 ships were armored turtle ships, the King thought the fleet was doomed so he sent an edict to Admiral Yi to abandon the ships and take his men to join the ground forces . Admiral Yi responded with a letter written "...your servant still doth have twelve warships under his command and he is still alive, that the enemy shall never be safe in the West Sea (the yellow Sea ).
这13艘战舰中没有一艘是装甲龟船，宣祖大王认为舰队已无胜算，于是下旨让李舜臣放弃战舰，率领士兵加入陆军。李舜臣在回信中写道：“臣尚有十二艘战舰，臣仍在世，倭寇在西海（黄海）便永无宁日。”
After careful study of potential battlefields, in October 1597 Admiral Yi lured the Japanese fleet into the Myeongnyang Strait, by sending a fast warship near the Japanese naval base and the Japanese fleet eager for battle gave pursuit. The Japanese fleet of approximately 333 ships (133 warships, at least 200 logistical support ships) entered Myeongnyang Strait. The Japanese ships were met by 13 Joseon (Korean) warships obscured by the shadows of the surrounding hills, ready with archers and cannons, the melee-based Japanese found themselves unable to break through the superior Joseon ranged fire.
经过对潜在战场的仔细研究，1597年10月，李舜臣派遣一艘快速战舰逼近日军海军基地，引诱急于求战的日军舰队追击，将其引入鸣梁海峡。由约333艘船只（133艘战舰、至少200艘后勤补给船）组成的日本舰队进入鸣梁海峡后，遭到了13艘朝鲜战舰的伏击——这些战舰隐藏在周围山丘的阴影中，弓箭手和火炮已准备就绪。擅长近战的日军无法突破朝鲜军队优越的远程火力。
The unpredictable current eventually wreaked havoc on the Japanese; their ships found themselves unable to maneuver and collided with each other when the tide reversed, while also presenting a perfect target for the Joseon naval artillery. Admiral Yi had routed a force that outnumbered him more than 25 to 1 in ships alone. About 31 of the 333 Japanese ships that entered the Myeongnyang Strait were destroyed or damaged. Joseon losses on the other hand were around ten casualties and no ships lost. Kurushima Michifusa was killed on his flagship by Joseon archers; his body in its ornate armor was fished out of the water, his severed head was put on display to demoralize the Japanese fleet.
变幻莫测的洋流最终给日军带来了灭顶之灾，潮水反转时，他们的船只无法 maneuver，相互碰撞，成为朝鲜海军火炮的绝佳目标。李舜臣仅凭借13艘战舰，击溃了兵力是自己25倍以上的日军舰队。进入鸣梁海峡的333艘日本船只中，约31艘被摧毁或重创，而朝鲜方面仅伤亡约10人，未损失一艘战舰。日军将领来岛通总在旗舰上被朝鲜弓箭手射杀，他身着华丽盔甲的尸体被打捞上岸后，头颅被砍下示众，以瓦解日军的士气。
In a latter battle Yi died leading the pursuit of the defeated Japanese fleet.
Yi died with 23 victories at sea and zero defeats.\\\\
在后来的一场战役中，李舜臣在追击溃败的日军舰队时壮烈牺牲。
李舜臣一生取得了23场海战胜利，未尝一败。
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