韩国人的心态与日本人的心态有何不同？(二)
正文翻译
Chan Young Kim Writer and translator
金相泳 作家、翻译 6年
Koreans and Japanese are very similar in their mentality, but under the surface there are some crucial differences. These differences are sometimes even bigger than when compared with those between either of the two and people in other parts of the world.
韩国人和日本人的心态非常相似，但在表面之下存在一些关键差异。这些差异有时甚至比两者中任何一方与世界其他地区人们的差异还要大。
Form vs. Substance
In many aspects of Japanese culture and life form is regarded as very important whereas in Korea it is less so. In Korea contents (or substance) are more highly valued, and importance is usually imposed on them.
形式与实质
在日本文化和生活的许多方面，形式被视为非常重要，而在韩国则不然。韩国更看重内容（即实质），通常会将重心放在内容上。
Let’s consider, for instance, cuisine. Needless to say, Japanese foods are stunningly beautiful in the eye. Food containers are also colourful and attractive. In Korean cuisine mainly vessels of a white colour and neutral tones are used. This is originally out of the concern that lest the food containers should dominate the food itself.
以饮食为例，毋庸置疑，日本料理的视觉呈现极为精美，餐具也色彩丰富、极具吸引力。而韩国料理则主要使用白色及中性色调的餐具，这原本是出于担心餐具会盖过食物本身的风头。
In a similar way, many Japanese snacks are packaged beautifully in many layers. When the content eventually reveals its scanty, Koreans are amused by such complicated packaging and also disappointed with the thought of what the use of the complicated packages is.
类似地，许多日本零食采用多层精美包装，但当人们最终发现里面的零食分量很少时，韩国人会对这种复杂的包装感到好笑，同时也会因疑惑其用途而感到失望。
Importance of form has led Japanese ceremonies to being complicated and taking much time. In sumo competitions the ritual ceremony seems to last forever, whereas each actual fighting usually ends as soon as it begins. In Korean ssireum competitions, in contrast, the rituals are quite simple and short in the sense of time consuming. If they were like those for Japanese sumo, many Koreans would hiss and demand by shouting: Jesus! Bring the contesters to the sand now. Or, refund my ticket.
对形式的重视使得日本的仪式变得复杂且耗时。相扑比赛中的仪式流程仿佛无休无止，而每场实际的较量往往转瞬即逝。相比之下，韩国摔跤比赛的仪式则十分简单，耗时很短。如果韩国摔跤的仪式像日本相扑那样，很多韩国人会发出嘘声，并大喊着要求：“天啊！赶紧让选手上场吧”或者“退我门票钱！”
Another example is tea ceremony. Korea also has a traditional tea ceremony, but it is not as much valued as in Japan. It is simpler and more casual as well. Koreans just like to relax sipping their tea, instead of going through a tedious formal ceremony.
另一个例子是茶道。韩国也有传统茶道，但它不像在日本那样受重视，流程也更简单、更随意。韩国人只是喜欢通过品茶来放松身心，而不是经历冗长繁琐的正式仪式。
· Perfection vs. Imperfection
For me, Japanese seem to be obsessed to make things perfect. Their streets are peckless, houses are so neat, and moreover, their industrial products appear flawless. Koreans have such traits but they seldom go too far.
I will make this point more clearly using brief examples of architecture and pottery.
完美与不完美
在我看来，日本人似乎执着于追求事物的完美。他们的街道一尘不染，房屋整洁有序，而且工业产品也显得毫无瑕疵。韩国人也有类似特质，但很少会做到如此极致。
我将通过建筑和陶艺的简单例子，把这一点说得更清楚。
Traditional Japanese wooden houses mainly have straight lines in appearance. And the beams, pillars and frxs of paper doors are very regular in shape and they are at regular intervals. In traditional Korean architecture timber of perfect shape is not necessarily regarded highest in quality. And some of a little irregular shape and unusual grains are loved by architects and ordinary people. Unconsciously probably, perfectness is something to be avoid as it is the very point from which descending and rotting begin. When the moon becomes full, it is to decrease, as an old saying goes.
日本传统木屋的外观以直线为主，房梁、立柱和纸拉门的框架形状规整、间距均匀。而在韩国传统建筑中，形状完美的木材未必被视为最优，一些略带不规则形状和独特纹理的木材反而深受建筑师和普通人喜爱。或许是潜意识里，人们认为完美是需要避免的——它正是衰败与腐朽的起点，就像古语所说“月满则亏”。
The quintessential aesthetics of Japanese pottery is also very different from Korean aesthetics.
What is it, then?
日本陶艺的核心美学与韩国也大相径庭。
那么，韩国陶艺的美学核心是什么？
Boldness and impection quality. Koreans do not like to fill the surface of pottery with patterns or pictures whereas Jappanese have that tendency as Chinese do. Just a image of a simple flower, birds or a dragon in a brown or black colour is more than enough in many Korean pottery pieces. And the shape is not always perfect. This is not because of technical flaw but because of the said mentality. Deliberate impectionness is one of major parts of Korean aesthetics and culture.
是大气与不完美之美。韩国人不喜欢在陶器表面布满图案或纹饰，而日本人和中国人有这样的倾向。许多韩国陶器上，仅用棕或黑色勾勒一朵简单的花、一只鸟或一条龙就已足够，而且器型也未必完美。这并非技术缺陷，而是源于上述的心态——刻意保留的不完美，是韩国美学与文化的重要组成部分。
“我想看到的”与“你应该看到的”
Japanese has a highly developed mental ability to see only what they want to see.
日本人有一种极为突出的心智特质：只看到自己想看到的东西。
Bonsai, for an example. Do you know how much effort should be made to create a charming bonsai work? How many pieces of wire are needed? How many days the plant should survive without being watered to satisfy the gardener with its poor development? How many plants should lose its main stem to look like a dwarf just with one of its small branch left.
When I saw Japanese bonsai works, I was appalled by the cruel way they were controlled by the artists. The plants were severely molested by all means of cutting, wiring, being deformed and so on. From that time I have been entrapped by certain opinions about Japanese mentality: they have a strong tendency to see only what they want to see.
以盆栽为例。你知道打造一盆迷人的盆栽需要付出多少努力吗？需要用多少根铁丝固定？为了让植株长势缓慢以符合园丁的预期，要让它缺水存活多少天？又有多少植株需要被砍掉主茎，只留下一根细枝，长成侏儒般的样子？
当我看到日本盆栽作品时，被艺术家们控制植株的残酷方式震惊了。这些植物遭受着修剪、铁丝捆绑、扭曲变形等种种对待。从那时起，我对日本人的心态有了一种看法：他们极倾向于只看到自己想看到的东西。
They do not like to see “unnecessary” branches and foliage in a tree, in order to make a beautiful bonsai work. They are willing to cut many flowers and twigs off plants to make a beautiful ikebana (traditional Japanese flower arrangement) as well.
Similarly, they do not want to see some “stains” in their history. They are people of pure blood from lineage of gods. So they have never done anything wrong. If there is anything like that, it should be erased.
为了打造完美的盆栽，他们不愿看到树上“多余”的枝繁叶茂；同样，为了制作精美的花道（日本传统插花艺术），他们也愿意剪掉许多花朵和枝叶。
同样，他们不愿看到自己历史中的一些“污点”。他们认为自己是神的后裔、血统纯正，从未做错任何事；如果有类似“污点”存在，就应该被抹去。
The problem is that, however, they have a neighbour, who is very much moral-bound, especially about history. Koreans are more concerned about what really happened rather than what we want to believe as having happened.
Despite some apparent similarities between Japanese and Koreans, there are big differences in their mentality and values. It is not surprising that they occasionally regard each other as a riff raff.
但问题是，他们有一个在道德上极具原则的邻居，尤其是在历史问题上。韩国人更关心真实发生过的事情，而非自己愿意相信的“事实”。
尽管韩国人和日本人表面上有一些相似之处，但在心态和价值观上存在巨大差异。他们偶尔将彼此视为“不入流的人”，也就不足为奇了。
Ernest W. Adams Game design consultant, author and professorOct 27
欧内斯特·W·亚当斯 游戏设计顾问、作家、教授
I don't know enough about Korean and Japanese Society to be able to answer in detail. I can mention one thing that I observed while visiting both countries. Christianity has been quite a success in Korea. There are lots of churches. But it has been an utter failure in Japan. Centuries of missionary work and evangelism have achieved nothing. Somehow the message of Christ about dying for their sins just leaves the Japanese cold.
I have no idea why this is , but it's interesting.
我对韩国和日本社会的了解不足以给出详细答案，但可以说说我在这两个国家旅行时观察到的一件事。基督教在韩国取得了相当大的成功，那里有很多教堂。但它在日本却完全失败了，几个世纪的传教工作毫无成效。不知为何，基督为世人赎罪而死的教义，就是无法打动日本人。
我不知道原因何在，但这一现象很有意思。
Kiseul Suh Knows English6y
金世旭 懂英语 6年
Koreans like to be gathered.
Although there are many individualistic lives these days, clubs, meetings, and groups are a very important lifestyle for Koreans.
For example, it is common for Japanese people to eat meals alone in restaurants since long ago. However, it is still unusual for Koreans to eat meals alone in a restaurant, and now the culture of eating alone in Korea is spreading.
The Japanese people enjoy much more personal activities than those Koreans. For example, among Asian students at an American university, if you are a single person, you are likely to be a Japanese, and if you have a lot of people, you are almost a Korean student :)
韩国人喜欢聚集在一起。
如今虽然有很多人过着个人主义的生活，但俱乐部、聚会和各类团体活动，对韩国人来说仍是非常重要的生活方式。
比如，日本人很久以前就常独自在餐厅用餐，但韩国人独自在餐厅吃饭至今仍不算常见，不过现在韩国的独自用餐文化也在逐渐普及。
日本人比韩国人更享受个人活动。比如在美国大学的亚洲学生中，如果你看到单独一人的，很可能是日本学生；如果是一群人聚在一起的，几乎就是韩国学生啦：）
James G Bridgeman mathematician and actuary
詹姆斯·G·布里奇曼 数学家和精算师
In some limited business experience, it seems to me that the Japanese will go out of their way not to make you lose face in public even if they manage to defeat you quietly, and if you do not notice it yourself, they will not tell anyone. But the Koreans often feel they have lost face unless they are seen as having made you lose face, regardless of who is actually gaining the upper hand. A friend of mine was the CFO in a half-and-half joint venture with Koreans, and part of the agreement required that no expenses could be paid without the CFO’s approval. When disagreements arose because he refused to approve certain expenses, the Korean CEO ordered his office on the executive floor to be converted into a conference room and moved all his furniture downstairs without any notice. One morning he simply found everything relocated. Fortunately, knowing the Korean mentality, he calmly entered the former office now turned conference room, opened his briefcase, and worked there as usual. He continued like that for a year until one morning all the furniture was silently restored to its original place. Another interesting aspect was that his Korean executive assistant, whose career future depended on the Korean partner, remained loyal to him throughout the conflict, providing sound advice and support. Her loyalty to him—their opponent—was admired by the Koreans, who believed she had fulfilled her duty well.
在我有限的商业中，日本人通常会尽力避免让对方在公开场合丢脸，即使他们在暗中占了上风也不会让你难堪；如果你自己没有察觉，他们也不会告诉任何人。而韩国人往往认为，除非让对方失去颜面，否则就是自己丢脸，不论实际优势在谁手中。我有位朋友曾在一家对半分成的韩方合资企业担任财务负责人，协议规定所有开支都必须经过他的批准。后来因他拒绝批准部分费用引发矛盾，韩方的负责人便下令把他所在的高层办公室改成会议室，并在毫无通知的情况下把他的家具全部搬到楼下。他早上上班时才发现变化。所幸他了解韩国人的处事方式，便直接走进已被改成会议室的旧办公室，打开公文包照常办公，这样持续了一年，直到某天所有家具无声无息地恢复原位。更有趣的是，那位原本属于韩方并需在韩方继续发展的韩籍助理，在整个冲突期间始终忠诚地支持他，提供有效建议与帮助，而这种对“对方代表”的忠诚反而十分受到韩国方面的赞赏，他们认为她尽到了本分，而且做得很好。
Juri Nakahara Lives in Japan
I have never been to Korea and have met Korean friends only in Japan, and I feel that our ideas of politeness are very similar. However, I sense one major difference, perhaps because they are in Japan and show respect to locals just as we do when abroad. Many of the new friends I meet are younger than I am. In both countries, we use honorific language toward older people, but in Japan, some of us may feel distant or sad when younger close friends keep using honorifics, so we ask them to speak more casually, or they sense it and naturally switch to friendly speech. Although our governments have issues, I do have Korean friends whom I genuinely regard as true friends, and I always ask them to talk to me in a casual manner. Some of them do, but others seem to feel pressured—as if they must speak to me politely—and I never want them to feel stressed, so they continue using polite speech.
我从未去过韩国，只在日本遇到过韩国朋友，感觉两国对“礼貌”的理解非常相近。不过我也感到一个明显的差异，也许是因为他们身在日本，会像我们在国外一样特别尊重当地文化。我认识的许多新朋友都比我年轻，在两国都会对年长者使用敬语，但在日本，如果亲近的年轻朋友一直使用敬语，一些人会觉得疏离或难过，会直接让对方说得随意些，或对方自己察觉后自然转为亲切的语气。尽管两国政府之间有许多问题，我仍有一些真正当成朋友的韩国友人，我会请他们用更随和的方式与我交谈。有些人会这么做，但也有人似乎始终感到必须使用敬语，我也不希望给他们压力，于是他们依旧保持礼貌的说话方式。
George Brown
Sanitary Pad Distribution Manager at Blackwater (2017–present)2y
乔治・布朗 黑水公司卫生巾发放经理（2017 年至今） 2 年经验
I think Koreans are some of the warmest people I've met. They're typically very friendly in a genuine way, and have great senses of humour. I do find some of their idiosyncrasies quite amusing—for example, their obsessive cleanliness in almost every aspect but sometimes not washing their hands after using the bathroom. I do see them wash before cooking, though, so don’t be too alarmed; it’s just a funny way of doing things, and apparently the education system doesn’t emphasize germs much in Korea.
我认为韩国人是我见过的最热情的人之一。他们通常非常友善且真诚，幽默感也很强。我发现他们的一些习惯挺有趣的，比如在几乎所有方面都追求极端清洁，但有时却不上厕所后洗手。不过我看到他们做饭前会洗手，所以不用过于惊讶，这只是他们处理事情的一种有趣方式，据说韩国教育系统对细菌卫生的强调不多。
I have had more interactions with Koreans and Chinese than with Japanese people. It’s fascinating to see the very distinct outlooks and mannerisms of each. Everyone is an individual, but there are many universal traits. Chinese people are more extroverted and social, and understand sarcasm better.
我与韩国人和中国人的接触比与日本人更多，看到每个群体截然不同的思维方式和行为举止非常有趣。每个人都是独立个体，但存在许多共同特征。中国人更加外向和社交，也更能理解讽刺。
Koreans are very giving and typically have hearty, genuine laughter. Japanese people vary the most. I’ve met a few strong-willed Japanese women who have been away from Japan for decades; they have very powerful and friendly personalities. Fresh immigrants or tourists seem like pigeons or cats—they wander but scatter if approached. I never quite know where I stand with most Japanese, which makes them less predictable than Koreans and Chinese, where if they don’t like you, you’ll know. It’s harder to tell with Japanese because politeness and manners are drilled into them from childhood. I haven’t had overly negative experiences with Japanese, except for a few encounters with the Chinese “lost generation,” but I understand the causes and don’t attribute it to culture—just the byproduct of a tumultuous period.
韩国人非常慷慨，笑声通常热情真诚。日本人差异最大，我见过一些离开日本多年的意志坚强的日本女性，她们性格既强大又友善。新移民或游客像鸽子或猫，四处游走，但接近时会散开。我通常无法完全判断日本人对我的态度，这使得他们比韩国人和中国人更难预测——如果韩国人或中国人不喜欢你，你很快会知道。而日本人很难判断，因为从小他们就被灌输礼貌与规矩。我没有与日本人有过特别负面的经历，除了偶尔遇到中国的“失落一代”，但我理解其原因，不认为是文化问题，而只是动荡时期的产物。
Benjamin Cho M.S. Google Searchologist from University of Google
Hello, my name is Benjamin H. Cho. I am speaking from my personal experience, so please don’t base your entire opinion on mine. Korea is a very complex nation. We have suffered many centuries of oppression; American slavery is like a Honda Civic compared to our Ferrari Enzo. We experienced centuries of invasions from Mongolians, Chinese, and other northern forces, as well as the Japanese and other Pacific Asians from the south. Why do you think the split happened during the Korean War? The North had to deal with mainland Asia, while the South had to deal with the Empire of Japan, which had connections to Eurasia and other parts of the world. North Koreans are generally more loyal and obedient due to centuries of oppression from a powerful unknown force. Just look at Korea’s geography and consider the many directions it could be attacked from the mainland. South Korea was influenced by Japan differently, and if you compare people from North and South Korea, the difference is enormous. It raises questions about loyalty and nobility versus compromise.
你好，我叫Benjamin H. Cho。我只是根据个人经历谈感受，所以请不要完全依据我的意见下结论。韩国是一个非常复杂的国家，我们经历了几个世纪的压迫；相比之下，美国的奴隶制度就像一辆本田思域，而我们的经历更像法拉利恩佐。我们经历了几个世纪的侵略，包括蒙古人、中国人及其他北方势力，以及日本和其他太平洋地区的南方势力。你真的认为朝鲜战争期间为何会发生分裂吗？北部必须应对亚洲大陆，而南部则必须应对与欧亚大陆及世界其他地区有联系的大日本帝国。由于长期遭受未知强权的压迫，北朝鲜人普遍更加忠诚和服从。看看韩国的地理环境，考虑从大陆可能遭受攻击的多种方向。南韩则受日本影响不同，如果你比较南北韩人，会发现差异巨大。这引发了关于忠诚与高贵、以及妥协之间的思考。
I honestly think it’s when the Japanese obtained ballistic arsenal from Europe, they saw the power such as the ‘Shogun Armor’ or ‘Samurai Armor’ from centuries before; back in those days it was purely melee combat…you cannot stop a Shogun as a Peasant holding a sword or whatever weapon.
The Japanese were tactical and very intelligent with how they dealt with warfare, I respect them in combat but not in the Spoils of War.
我真心觉得，当日本人从欧洲获得弹道武器时，他们看到了几个世纪前“幕府将军铠甲”或“武士铠甲”那般的威力；在那个年代，战斗纯粹是近身搏斗……一个农民拿着剑或其他任何武器，根本无法阻挡幕府将军。
日本人在作战方式上富有战术且极为聪慧，我敬佩他们的作战能力，但不认同他们对待战利品的做法。
Again, I honestly saw it in the 20th Century, China held what looked like Honor while Japan found anyway to survive; that shows a lot to me personally; perhaps I am incorrect and Japan is the one that is justifiable from the situation but the majority of the population is docile and persuadable while most Chinese people are adamant and persistent; again just a personal opinion from the things I have seen in my life.
此外，我确实在20世纪看到了这样的情况：中国坚守着看似荣誉的东西，而日本则想尽一切办法求生。这一点对我个人触动很大。或许我的看法有误，从当时的局势来看日本的做法有其合理性，但日本大多数民众温顺且易被说服，而大多数中国人则坚定且执着——这同样只是我基于生活所见得出的个人观点。
Japanese people seem to be more compassionate while holding reserve, while Chinese people are much more straightforward and adamant about whatever they need; again centuries of influence has made things this way and now I start to question again who is in the right and who is in the wrong regarding Human Rights.
日本人似乎更富有同情心，但同时保持克制；而中国人在自己想要的事情上则更加直截了当、坚定不移。几个世纪的影响造就了如今的局面，现在我又开始质疑，在人权问题上谁对谁错。
I am not trying to bring back any resentment, rage, or negative feelings; I am just telling you how I as a 50/50 Korean see it; my biological Mother and Father were both from Seoul, Korea but one lineage was from the North before the War and the other lineage was from the South who was probably ignorant of the facts on the table.
我并非想唤起任何怨恨、愤怒或负面情绪，只是想说说我作为一个纯粹的韩国人的看法。我的亲生父母都来自韩国首尔，但其中一支血脉战前源自朝鲜，另一支源自韩国，他们或许并不了解当时的全部真相。
Korea’s History for centuries is kind of like that perverted kidnapper who raped 3 girls for 10 years in his basement or attic or whatever; we were hostages for centuries and in the 20th and 21st Century you MOST definitely see the PASSION to adapt to something better.
韩国几个世纪的历史，有点像那个变态绑架犯在地下室、阁楼或其他地方囚禁并侵犯三名女孩长达十年那般；我们几个世纪以来一直处于被胁迫的境地，而在20世纪和21世纪，你绝对能看到我们渴望适应更好生活的强烈热情。
Korea was like this for CENTURIES, not to DISHONOR my Motherland but to help you understand why Korean People are the way we are and why we show LOYALTY to those who show us COMPASSION and GENUINE LOVE.
韩国几个世纪以来一直如此。我并非要诋毁我的祖国，而是想帮你理解，为什么韩国人会是现在这个样子，为什么我们会对那些给予我们同情和真挚关爱的人展现忠诚。
Karaoke is a Japanese invention and concept by the way, which is so prent in South Korean culture along with ‘Escorts’ which were ‘Comfort Women’ from the Past; but then again perhaps the Chinese did the same thing without the Public’s knowledge so it’s currently.
顺便说一句，卡拉OK是日本人发明的概念，如今在韩国文化中极为盛行，就像“应召女郎”——这一群体过去被称为“慰安妇”一样。不过话说回来，或许中国人也做过类似的事，只是没有被公众知晓而已。
I honestly do not care, I am not adamant by either side; I Bleed and Die for the Eagle for I was blessed with this lifetime of Freedom and I cry for my Ancestors and want to share my knowledge of my Ancestors.
说实话，我并不在乎这些，我不偏袒任何一方。我为美国流血牺牲，因为我有幸在这一生中拥有自由；同时我也为我的祖先落泪，想分享我所了解的祖先事迹。
King Sejong, the creator of the Korean Alphabet…
I am not 100% sure what he did but he set our country free with the invention of the Korean Alphabet/Language; most likely half Korean and half Chinese.
I actually do not want to inform anyone more of the information of my Motherland, if you truly want to know the Dark Truth then do some research and make up your own opinion.
世宗大王，朝鲜文字的创造者……
我并不完全清楚他的具体功绩，但他通过创造朝鲜文字/语言，让我们的国家获得了自由。这种文字很可能一半源自朝鲜语，一半源自汉语。
事实上，我不想再向任何人透露更多关于我的祖国的信息。如果你真的想知道那些黑暗的真相，就自己去做些研究，形成自己的观点吧。
Everything is water under the bridge, I understand, but United States Segregation was abolished in the 40’s or something and is still VERY prent; how do you think people who suffered centuries feel?
我明白，一切都已成为过去。但美国的种族隔离制度在20世纪40年代左右就被废除了，如今却依然非常普遍；你想想，那些遭受了几个世纪苦难的人们会有怎样的感受？
Would you trust anyone after such a traumatic History?
…then again that is the beauty of Korea; we are a Nation that has suffered so much that we learned much as well; NO PAIN NO GAIN.
Whoever has read this far, articulate your opinion, I am just a messenger.
经历了如此创伤的历史后，你还会相信任何人吗？
……但这也正是韩国的魅力所在：我们是一个历经磨难的国家，也因此学到了很多——一分耕耘，一分收获。
能读到这里的人，请说出你的看法吧，我只是一个传递信息的人。
Kentaro Chiba
Studied Political Science & Economics at Waseda University (早稲田大学) (Graduated 1985)6y
匿名 用户 早稻田大学政治科学与经济学专业（1985年毕业） 6年
I am no Cultural Anthropologist, so I can only answer based on my life experience.
I have travelled to 77 countries including South Korea as a child, as a student, as a tourist and a businessman. When I was a university student I was once forced to enter South Korea because of overbooking on my connecting KL flight back to Narita. I just had about US$200 with me and Seoul was just a transit point, in short I was lost.
我并非文化人类学家，因此只能基于自身生活经历来回答。
我曾以孩童、学生、游客和商人的身份游历过77个国家，其中包括韩国。大学时，我乘坐马来西亚航空的联程航班返回成田机场，因航班超售，被迫滞留韩国。我身上只带了约200美元，而首尔本只是中转站，简而言之，我当时手足无措。
The KL ground crew’s handling could have made a viral video on youtube nowadays but it was the 80s. After a few hours of trial and error I got myself checked into a youth hostel. In the corner of the gigantic room were a about 10 Korean kids about my age. Some how they learned I was a Japanese. They surrounded my bed with hostility and the leader of the pack started to shout at me in English. “What do you think about the crimes of NITTEI (Japanese Empire in short)?”. “Why didn’t you come to us to apologize!””Sit on the floor and kowtow to us!”. Of course I thought the guy was nuts, but before that I was fed up with the circumstances of being stranded in Seoul because of the airlines fault. I shouted back at them. “What the xxxx are you talking about! I wasn’t even born then. What kind of a xxxxing country are you?! Overbooking like crazy and then randomly sexting people to stay in Seoul without any compensation…” To my sincere surprise, they became meek and turned back to their beds. It was quite clear that they were expecting the Jap to be timid and obedient to their demands.
放在如今，马来西亚航空地勤人员的处理方式足以在YouTube上成为热门视频，但那是在80年代。经过几个小时的摸索，我总算住进了一家青年旅社。在那间宽敞的房间角落里，有大约10个和我年纪相仿的韩国年轻人。不知他们怎么得知我是日本人的，带着敌意围到我的床边，领头的用英语对我大喊：“你怎么看待日本帝国的罪行？”“为什么不来向我们道歉！”“坐到地上给我们磕头！”我当然觉得这家伙疯了，而且此前因航空公司的失误被困首尔，我本就一肚子火气，于是回吼道：“你们他妈在胡说八道什么！那时候我还没出生呢！你们这是什么破国家？！超售得这么离谱，还随便挑人滞留首尔，连点补偿都没有……”让我万万没想到的是，他们瞬间变得温顺，转身回到了自己的床位。很明显，他们原本以为日本人会胆小懦弱，对他们的要求言听计从。
After graduation I joined a multinational company that furthered my traveling experiences. I dealt with the stereotypically labelled cut-throat merchants from Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Hong Kong, Dubai, India, Pakistan etc.. By the end of my career I came to believe that all people are similar. The cut-throat merchants were cut-throat because the deals had direct consequences to their personal bank accounts, unlike typical corporate types like me. Any nationality has a fair share of various personalities, abilities etc.. There are lazy, technoilliterate ,noisy Japanese who hate manga, like any other country, for example. I even made it a personal mission (hobby) to correct over-generalizations of peoples. The Egyptians, the Afrikans, the Swiss, the……
毕业后，我加入了一家跨国公司，这让我的旅行经历更加丰富。我曾与那些被刻板印象贴上“贪婪狡诈”标签的商人打过交道，他们来自叙利亚、黎巴嫩、以色列、中国香港（特区）、迪拜、印度、巴基斯坦等地区。职业生涯末期，我逐渐相信，所有人本质上都是相似的。那些“贪婪狡诈”的商人之所以如此，是因为交易结果直接关系到他们的个人银行账户，这和我这种典型的企业职员不同。任何国家的人都有各种各样的性格、能力等。比如，和其他国家一样，日本也有懒惰、不懂科技、吵闹且讨厌漫画的人。我甚至把纠正对不同民族的过度概括当作自己的个人使命（爱好）——无论是埃及人、非洲人、瑞士人，还是……
Until an incident in Malaysia. My wife and I were enjoying a golf holiday near Johor Baru. When we were waiting for the party in front of us to clear the green, the party behind us started to shoot into us as if we were targets. No “Fore!”. Golf balls can kill. I was so angry I stepped on the landing balls to be buried in the ground. Once the congestion made us mashed up at one teeing ground, I found out that the guilty party were Koreans, because they started shouting at not only me but my wife, probably accusing us of the inconvenience of finding the buried balls. I turned around and shouted “Who the xxxx do you think you are!? You could have killed us you bloody idiots! What are you going to say about that!! You’re suppose to shout “fore” according to golf regulations! This is a teeing ground by the way. Don’t you even know you have to keep quiet here?!!” The funny thing is that they became meek and retreated to their carts.
Let’s see how it goes with the whitelist/GSOMIA controversy.
直到在马来西亚发生的一件事改变了我的想法。我和妻子在柔佛巴鲁附近享受高尔夫假期。当我们等待前方一组球员离开果岭时，身后一组人竟然把我们当成目标击球，连一声“小心！”都没喊。高尔夫球是能致命的。我气得把落在身边的球踩进了土里。后来因球场拥堵，我们在某个发球台挤到了一起，我才发现肇事的是韩国人——他们不仅对我大喊大叫，还对着我妻子吼，大概是在指责我们把球踩进土里让他们不好找。我转过身吼道：“你们他妈以为自己是谁？！你们这些蠢货差点杀了我们！这事你们打算怎么说？！根据高尔夫规则，你们应该喊‘小心’的！再说了，这里是发球台，你们连这儿要保持安静都不知道吗？！”有意思的是，他们又立刻变得温顺，退回了自己的球车。
至于“白名单”/《韩日军事情报保护协定》的争议后续会如何发展，让我们拭目以待。
Ananthasegaram Rajasegaram
阿南塔塞加拉姆·拉贾塞加拉姆 6年
Korean mentality was Asian mentality- if they want you for them( work with them), they will pay good salary and they take you to their side,
Japan people mentality was different- first they don’t accept you/ your advice, but later, when they see how you working, in the filed, then they support your work or your ideas,
韩国人的心态属于亚洲人的心态——如果他们想让你为他们效力（和他们合作），就会给你开出高薪，把你拉到他们这边。
日本人的心态则不同——一开始他们不会接受你或你的建议，但后来当他们在实际工作中看到你的表现后，才会支持你的工作或想法。
Onces I read a article about Korean, they( South Korean calling North Korean as - (Cetta Cholan/ Bad Cholan), because North Korean and South Korean had fight in (1958, year),
for Japan people, South Korean called as( Minal Cholan/ lightening Cholan/ sadden coming to the place/ suddenly- start new program, so both of them have different categories,
In Srilanka-1971- civil war was going on-( North Korea help the Sinhala boys, ), why ?
我曾读过一篇关于韩国人的文章，韩国人称朝鲜人为“Cetta Cholan/坏 Cholan”，因为朝鲜和韩国在1958年发生过战争。
而韩国人把日本人称为“Minal Cholan/闪电 Cholan”，意为“突然出现、猝不及防发起新项目的人”，所以他们对这两个国家的人有不同的归类。
1971年斯里兰卡内战期间，朝鲜帮助了僧伽罗青年，这是为什么呢？
Sky Chon A professional Korean geek8y
千俊 专业韩国技术达人 8年
Originally Answered: What's the difference in mindset between Japanese and Koreans?
原问题：韩国人和日本人的思维方式有什么差异？
Societal norms around openly talking about 115 101 120. This is ascii numbers for the 3 letter word that rhymes with six with an edit distance of 1.
核心差异在于公开谈论ASCII码为115、101、120所代表的话题时的社会规范。这个由三个字母组成的词和“six”（六）押韵，编辑距离为1（注备：该ASCII码对应的英文单词为“sex”，即“性”）。
My reluctance to use this word directly speaks volumes about Korea's societal norms around openly discussing this topic. Added to that my being a stereotypical shy geek has only allowed me to speak of it in this form. I hope you understand.
Japanese as I perceive them are very different. I want to be very careful as not to generalize here so I'll explain one word used in Korea that is a reference to the Japanese to make my case.
我不愿直接说出这个词，这本身就很能说明韩国在公开讨论该话题时的社会规范。再加上我本身就是那种典型的害羞技术宅，只能用这种方式来表达，希望你能理解。
在我看来，日本人则完全不同。我不想过度概括，所以将通过一个韩国人用来指代日本人的词来佐证我的观点。
The Korean word for 1st world country is Sun-jin-Gook which Japan, by all account, definitely is. There is an eerily similar sounding word used to call the Japanese pronounced Sung-jin-Gook. That little 'g' at the end is what turns the original word from "1st" to "115 101 120". The two other words roughly translate to "advanced country".
I’m blushing now…
韩语中“发达国家”（第一世界国家）的说法是“Sun-jin-Gook”（先进国），而日本无疑属于这类国家。但韩国人用来称呼日本人的词发音与之惊人地相似，读作“Sung-jin-Gook”。结尾那个小小的“g”音，就把原本表示“第一”的词变成了指代“性”的词，而这两个词的字面意思都大致相当于“先进国家”。
我现在都脸红了……
This word in multiple context can mean different things. I’ve always taken it to mean “a country where it’s okay and encouraged to discuss 115 101 120 matters openly” hence a more advanced and healthy social construct around this very important topic.
这个词在不同语境下有不同含义。我一直认为它的意思是“一个可以且鼓励公开讨论‘性’相关话题的国家”，因此在这个非常重要的话题上，日本有着更先进、更健康的社会环境。
Ts Bin MA in Life and Living, The United States of America (Graduated 1990)5y
曾斌 美国生活与生存专业硕士（1990年毕业）5年
Koreans think they are unique! They have HAN—which is bullshit! They love to suffer. I was married to a Korean woman for 20 years n when we had arguments it was like banging your head against the wall! Of course—every husband n wife fight—but when u deal with the Korean mentality—-logic doesn’t exist! Sometimes I felt like I was having an argument w/ my wife n the entire Korean system of logic——-it will kill u if u let it!!!!! The Japanese on the other hand are usually reserved n a bit odd by western standards—-but I would choose Japanese logic over Korean logic in a heartbeat—-if I could back in time n someone said—-choose your future wife—-Japanese or Korean——I would have gone with a Japanese wife a million times over!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
韩国人觉得自己很特别！他们所谓的“恨”纯属胡说八道！他们就喜欢自寻烦恼。我曾和一位韩国女性结婚20年，每次吵架都像用头撞墙一样徒劳！当然，夫妻之间难免有争执，但面对韩国人的思维方式——根本毫无逻辑可言！有时候我感觉自己不仅在和妻子吵架，还在和整个韩国的逻辑体系对抗——要是放任不管，能把人逼疯！而日本人通常比较内敛，按照西方标准来看可能有点古怪，但我会毫不犹豫地选择日本人的逻辑。如果时光能倒流，有人让我选择未来的妻子——是日本人还是韩国人——我一百万次都会选日本妻子！
金相泳 作家、翻译 6年
Koreans and Japanese are very similar in their mentality, but under the surface there are some crucial differences. These differences are sometimes even bigger than when compared with those between either of the two and people in other parts of the world.
韩国人和日本人的心态非常相似，但在表面之下存在一些关键差异。这些差异有时甚至比两者中任何一方与世界其他地区人们的差异还要大。
Form vs. Substance
In many aspects of Japanese culture and life form is regarded as very important whereas in Korea it is less so. In Korea contents (or substance) are more highly valued, and importance is usually imposed on them.
形式与实质
在日本文化和生活的许多方面，形式被视为非常重要，而在韩国则不然。韩国更看重内容（即实质），通常会将重心放在内容上。
Let’s consider, for instance, cuisine. Needless to say, Japanese foods are stunningly beautiful in the eye. Food containers are also colourful and attractive. In Korean cuisine mainly vessels of a white colour and neutral tones are used. This is originally out of the concern that lest the food containers should dominate the food itself.
以饮食为例，毋庸置疑，日本料理的视觉呈现极为精美，餐具也色彩丰富、极具吸引力。而韩国料理则主要使用白色及中性色调的餐具，这原本是出于担心餐具会盖过食物本身的风头。
In a similar way, many Japanese snacks are packaged beautifully in many layers. When the content eventually reveals its scanty, Koreans are amused by such complicated packaging and also disappointed with the thought of what the use of the complicated packages is.
类似地，许多日本零食采用多层精美包装，但当人们最终发现里面的零食分量很少时，韩国人会对这种复杂的包装感到好笑，同时也会因疑惑其用途而感到失望。
Importance of form has led Japanese ceremonies to being complicated and taking much time. In sumo competitions the ritual ceremony seems to last forever, whereas each actual fighting usually ends as soon as it begins. In Korean ssireum competitions, in contrast, the rituals are quite simple and short in the sense of time consuming. If they were like those for Japanese sumo, many Koreans would hiss and demand by shouting: Jesus! Bring the contesters to the sand now. Or, refund my ticket.
对形式的重视使得日本的仪式变得复杂且耗时。相扑比赛中的仪式流程仿佛无休无止，而每场实际的较量往往转瞬即逝。相比之下，韩国摔跤比赛的仪式则十分简单，耗时很短。如果韩国摔跤的仪式像日本相扑那样，很多韩国人会发出嘘声，并大喊着要求：“天啊！赶紧让选手上场吧”或者“退我门票钱！”
Another example is tea ceremony. Korea also has a traditional tea ceremony, but it is not as much valued as in Japan. It is simpler and more casual as well. Koreans just like to relax sipping their tea, instead of going through a tedious formal ceremony.
另一个例子是茶道。韩国也有传统茶道，但它不像在日本那样受重视，流程也更简单、更随意。韩国人只是喜欢通过品茶来放松身心，而不是经历冗长繁琐的正式仪式。
· Perfection vs. Imperfection
For me, Japanese seem to be obsessed to make things perfect. Their streets are peckless, houses are so neat, and moreover, their industrial products appear flawless. Koreans have such traits but they seldom go too far.
I will make this point more clearly using brief examples of architecture and pottery.
完美与不完美
在我看来，日本人似乎执着于追求事物的完美。他们的街道一尘不染，房屋整洁有序，而且工业产品也显得毫无瑕疵。韩国人也有类似特质，但很少会做到如此极致。
我将通过建筑和陶艺的简单例子，把这一点说得更清楚。
Traditional Japanese wooden houses mainly have straight lines in appearance. And the beams, pillars and frxs of paper doors are very regular in shape and they are at regular intervals. In traditional Korean architecture timber of perfect shape is not necessarily regarded highest in quality. And some of a little irregular shape and unusual grains are loved by architects and ordinary people. Unconsciously probably, perfectness is something to be avoid as it is the very point from which descending and rotting begin. When the moon becomes full, it is to decrease, as an old saying goes.
日本传统木屋的外观以直线为主，房梁、立柱和纸拉门的框架形状规整、间距均匀。而在韩国传统建筑中，形状完美的木材未必被视为最优，一些略带不规则形状和独特纹理的木材反而深受建筑师和普通人喜爱。或许是潜意识里，人们认为完美是需要避免的——它正是衰败与腐朽的起点，就像古语所说“月满则亏”。
The quintessential aesthetics of Japanese pottery is also very different from Korean aesthetics.
What is it, then?
日本陶艺的核心美学与韩国也大相径庭。
那么，韩国陶艺的美学核心是什么？
Boldness and impection quality. Koreans do not like to fill the surface of pottery with patterns or pictures whereas Jappanese have that tendency as Chinese do. Just a image of a simple flower, birds or a dragon in a brown or black colour is more than enough in many Korean pottery pieces. And the shape is not always perfect. This is not because of technical flaw but because of the said mentality. Deliberate impectionness is one of major parts of Korean aesthetics and culture.
是大气与不完美之美。韩国人不喜欢在陶器表面布满图案或纹饰，而日本人和中国人有这样的倾向。许多韩国陶器上，仅用棕或黑色勾勒一朵简单的花、一只鸟或一条龙就已足够，而且器型也未必完美。这并非技术缺陷，而是源于上述的心态——刻意保留的不完美，是韩国美学与文化的重要组成部分。
“我想看到的”与“你应该看到的”
Japanese has a highly developed mental ability to see only what they want to see.
日本人有一种极为突出的心智特质：只看到自己想看到的东西。
Bonsai, for an example. Do you know how much effort should be made to create a charming bonsai work? How many pieces of wire are needed? How many days the plant should survive without being watered to satisfy the gardener with its poor development? How many plants should lose its main stem to look like a dwarf just with one of its small branch left.
When I saw Japanese bonsai works, I was appalled by the cruel way they were controlled by the artists. The plants were severely molested by all means of cutting, wiring, being deformed and so on. From that time I have been entrapped by certain opinions about Japanese mentality: they have a strong tendency to see only what they want to see.
以盆栽为例。你知道打造一盆迷人的盆栽需要付出多少努力吗？需要用多少根铁丝固定？为了让植株长势缓慢以符合园丁的预期，要让它缺水存活多少天？又有多少植株需要被砍掉主茎，只留下一根细枝，长成侏儒般的样子？
当我看到日本盆栽作品时，被艺术家们控制植株的残酷方式震惊了。这些植物遭受着修剪、铁丝捆绑、扭曲变形等种种对待。从那时起，我对日本人的心态有了一种看法：他们极倾向于只看到自己想看到的东西。
They do not like to see “unnecessary” branches and foliage in a tree, in order to make a beautiful bonsai work. They are willing to cut many flowers and twigs off plants to make a beautiful ikebana (traditional Japanese flower arrangement) as well.
Similarly, they do not want to see some “stains” in their history. They are people of pure blood from lineage of gods. So they have never done anything wrong. If there is anything like that, it should be erased.
为了打造完美的盆栽，他们不愿看到树上“多余”的枝繁叶茂；同样，为了制作精美的花道（日本传统插花艺术），他们也愿意剪掉许多花朵和枝叶。
同样，他们不愿看到自己历史中的一些“污点”。他们认为自己是神的后裔、血统纯正，从未做错任何事；如果有类似“污点”存在，就应该被抹去。
The problem is that, however, they have a neighbour, who is very much moral-bound, especially about history. Koreans are more concerned about what really happened rather than what we want to believe as having happened.
Despite some apparent similarities between Japanese and Koreans, there are big differences in their mentality and values. It is not surprising that they occasionally regard each other as a riff raff.
但问题是，他们有一个在道德上极具原则的邻居，尤其是在历史问题上。韩国人更关心真实发生过的事情，而非自己愿意相信的“事实”。
尽管韩国人和日本人表面上有一些相似之处，但在心态和价值观上存在巨大差异。他们偶尔将彼此视为“不入流的人”，也就不足为奇了。
Ernest W. Adams Game design consultant, author and professorOct 27
欧内斯特·W·亚当斯 游戏设计顾问、作家、教授
I don't know enough about Korean and Japanese Society to be able to answer in detail. I can mention one thing that I observed while visiting both countries. Christianity has been quite a success in Korea. There are lots of churches. But it has been an utter failure in Japan. Centuries of missionary work and evangelism have achieved nothing. Somehow the message of Christ about dying for their sins just leaves the Japanese cold.
I have no idea why this is , but it's interesting.
我对韩国和日本社会的了解不足以给出详细答案，但可以说说我在这两个国家旅行时观察到的一件事。基督教在韩国取得了相当大的成功，那里有很多教堂。但它在日本却完全失败了，几个世纪的传教工作毫无成效。不知为何，基督为世人赎罪而死的教义，就是无法打动日本人。
我不知道原因何在，但这一现象很有意思。
Kiseul Suh Knows English6y
金世旭 懂英语 6年
Koreans like to be gathered.
Although there are many individualistic lives these days, clubs, meetings, and groups are a very important lifestyle for Koreans.
For example, it is common for Japanese people to eat meals alone in restaurants since long ago. However, it is still unusual for Koreans to eat meals alone in a restaurant, and now the culture of eating alone in Korea is spreading.
The Japanese people enjoy much more personal activities than those Koreans. For example, among Asian students at an American university, if you are a single person, you are likely to be a Japanese, and if you have a lot of people, you are almost a Korean student :)
韩国人喜欢聚集在一起。
如今虽然有很多人过着个人主义的生活，但俱乐部、聚会和各类团体活动，对韩国人来说仍是非常重要的生活方式。
比如，日本人很久以前就常独自在餐厅用餐，但韩国人独自在餐厅吃饭至今仍不算常见，不过现在韩国的独自用餐文化也在逐渐普及。
日本人比韩国人更享受个人活动。比如在美国大学的亚洲学生中，如果你看到单独一人的，很可能是日本学生；如果是一群人聚在一起的，几乎就是韩国学生啦：）
James G Bridgeman mathematician and actuary
詹姆斯·G·布里奇曼 数学家和精算师
In some limited business experience, it seems to me that the Japanese will go out of their way not to make you lose face in public even if they manage to defeat you quietly, and if you do not notice it yourself, they will not tell anyone. But the Koreans often feel they have lost face unless they are seen as having made you lose face, regardless of who is actually gaining the upper hand. A friend of mine was the CFO in a half-and-half joint venture with Koreans, and part of the agreement required that no expenses could be paid without the CFO’s approval. When disagreements arose because he refused to approve certain expenses, the Korean CEO ordered his office on the executive floor to be converted into a conference room and moved all his furniture downstairs without any notice. One morning he simply found everything relocated. Fortunately, knowing the Korean mentality, he calmly entered the former office now turned conference room, opened his briefcase, and worked there as usual. He continued like that for a year until one morning all the furniture was silently restored to its original place. Another interesting aspect was that his Korean executive assistant, whose career future depended on the Korean partner, remained loyal to him throughout the conflict, providing sound advice and support. Her loyalty to him—their opponent—was admired by the Koreans, who believed she had fulfilled her duty well.
在我有限的商业中，日本人通常会尽力避免让对方在公开场合丢脸，即使他们在暗中占了上风也不会让你难堪；如果你自己没有察觉，他们也不会告诉任何人。而韩国人往往认为，除非让对方失去颜面，否则就是自己丢脸，不论实际优势在谁手中。我有位朋友曾在一家对半分成的韩方合资企业担任财务负责人，协议规定所有开支都必须经过他的批准。后来因他拒绝批准部分费用引发矛盾，韩方的负责人便下令把他所在的高层办公室改成会议室，并在毫无通知的情况下把他的家具全部搬到楼下。他早上上班时才发现变化。所幸他了解韩国人的处事方式，便直接走进已被改成会议室的旧办公室，打开公文包照常办公，这样持续了一年，直到某天所有家具无声无息地恢复原位。更有趣的是，那位原本属于韩方并需在韩方继续发展的韩籍助理，在整个冲突期间始终忠诚地支持他，提供有效建议与帮助，而这种对“对方代表”的忠诚反而十分受到韩国方面的赞赏，他们认为她尽到了本分，而且做得很好。
Juri Nakahara Lives in Japan
I have never been to Korea and have met Korean friends only in Japan, and I feel that our ideas of politeness are very similar. However, I sense one major difference, perhaps because they are in Japan and show respect to locals just as we do when abroad. Many of the new friends I meet are younger than I am. In both countries, we use honorific language toward older people, but in Japan, some of us may feel distant or sad when younger close friends keep using honorifics, so we ask them to speak more casually, or they sense it and naturally switch to friendly speech. Although our governments have issues, I do have Korean friends whom I genuinely regard as true friends, and I always ask them to talk to me in a casual manner. Some of them do, but others seem to feel pressured—as if they must speak to me politely—and I never want them to feel stressed, so they continue using polite speech.
我从未去过韩国，只在日本遇到过韩国朋友，感觉两国对“礼貌”的理解非常相近。不过我也感到一个明显的差异，也许是因为他们身在日本，会像我们在国外一样特别尊重当地文化。我认识的许多新朋友都比我年轻，在两国都会对年长者使用敬语，但在日本，如果亲近的年轻朋友一直使用敬语，一些人会觉得疏离或难过，会直接让对方说得随意些，或对方自己察觉后自然转为亲切的语气。尽管两国政府之间有许多问题，我仍有一些真正当成朋友的韩国友人，我会请他们用更随和的方式与我交谈。有些人会这么做，但也有人似乎始终感到必须使用敬语，我也不希望给他们压力，于是他们依旧保持礼貌的说话方式。
George Brown
Sanitary Pad Distribution Manager at Blackwater (2017–present)2y
乔治・布朗 黑水公司卫生巾发放经理（2017 年至今） 2 年经验
I think Koreans are some of the warmest people I've met. They're typically very friendly in a genuine way, and have great senses of humour. I do find some of their idiosyncrasies quite amusing—for example, their obsessive cleanliness in almost every aspect but sometimes not washing their hands after using the bathroom. I do see them wash before cooking, though, so don’t be too alarmed; it’s just a funny way of doing things, and apparently the education system doesn’t emphasize germs much in Korea.
我认为韩国人是我见过的最热情的人之一。他们通常非常友善且真诚，幽默感也很强。我发现他们的一些习惯挺有趣的，比如在几乎所有方面都追求极端清洁，但有时却不上厕所后洗手。不过我看到他们做饭前会洗手，所以不用过于惊讶，这只是他们处理事情的一种有趣方式，据说韩国教育系统对细菌卫生的强调不多。
I have had more interactions with Koreans and Chinese than with Japanese people. It’s fascinating to see the very distinct outlooks and mannerisms of each. Everyone is an individual, but there are many universal traits. Chinese people are more extroverted and social, and understand sarcasm better.
我与韩国人和中国人的接触比与日本人更多，看到每个群体截然不同的思维方式和行为举止非常有趣。每个人都是独立个体，但存在许多共同特征。中国人更加外向和社交，也更能理解讽刺。
Koreans are very giving and typically have hearty, genuine laughter. Japanese people vary the most. I’ve met a few strong-willed Japanese women who have been away from Japan for decades; they have very powerful and friendly personalities. Fresh immigrants or tourists seem like pigeons or cats—they wander but scatter if approached. I never quite know where I stand with most Japanese, which makes them less predictable than Koreans and Chinese, where if they don’t like you, you’ll know. It’s harder to tell with Japanese because politeness and manners are drilled into them from childhood. I haven’t had overly negative experiences with Japanese, except for a few encounters with the Chinese “lost generation,” but I understand the causes and don’t attribute it to culture—just the byproduct of a tumultuous period.
韩国人非常慷慨，笑声通常热情真诚。日本人差异最大，我见过一些离开日本多年的意志坚强的日本女性，她们性格既强大又友善。新移民或游客像鸽子或猫，四处游走，但接近时会散开。我通常无法完全判断日本人对我的态度，这使得他们比韩国人和中国人更难预测——如果韩国人或中国人不喜欢你，你很快会知道。而日本人很难判断，因为从小他们就被灌输礼貌与规矩。我没有与日本人有过特别负面的经历，除了偶尔遇到中国的“失落一代”，但我理解其原因，不认为是文化问题，而只是动荡时期的产物。
Benjamin Cho M.S. Google Searchologist from University of Google
Hello, my name is Benjamin H. Cho. I am speaking from my personal experience, so please don’t base your entire opinion on mine. Korea is a very complex nation. We have suffered many centuries of oppression; American slavery is like a Honda Civic compared to our Ferrari Enzo. We experienced centuries of invasions from Mongolians, Chinese, and other northern forces, as well as the Japanese and other Pacific Asians from the south. Why do you think the split happened during the Korean War? The North had to deal with mainland Asia, while the South had to deal with the Empire of Japan, which had connections to Eurasia and other parts of the world. North Koreans are generally more loyal and obedient due to centuries of oppression from a powerful unknown force. Just look at Korea’s geography and consider the many directions it could be attacked from the mainland. South Korea was influenced by Japan differently, and if you compare people from North and South Korea, the difference is enormous. It raises questions about loyalty and nobility versus compromise.
你好，我叫Benjamin H. Cho。我只是根据个人经历谈感受，所以请不要完全依据我的意见下结论。韩国是一个非常复杂的国家，我们经历了几个世纪的压迫；相比之下，美国的奴隶制度就像一辆本田思域，而我们的经历更像法拉利恩佐。我们经历了几个世纪的侵略，包括蒙古人、中国人及其他北方势力，以及日本和其他太平洋地区的南方势力。你真的认为朝鲜战争期间为何会发生分裂吗？北部必须应对亚洲大陆，而南部则必须应对与欧亚大陆及世界其他地区有联系的大日本帝国。由于长期遭受未知强权的压迫，北朝鲜人普遍更加忠诚和服从。看看韩国的地理环境，考虑从大陆可能遭受攻击的多种方向。南韩则受日本影响不同，如果你比较南北韩人，会发现差异巨大。这引发了关于忠诚与高贵、以及妥协之间的思考。
I honestly think it’s when the Japanese obtained ballistic arsenal from Europe, they saw the power such as the ‘Shogun Armor’ or ‘Samurai Armor’ from centuries before; back in those days it was purely melee combat…you cannot stop a Shogun as a Peasant holding a sword or whatever weapon.
The Japanese were tactical and very intelligent with how they dealt with warfare, I respect them in combat but not in the Spoils of War.
我真心觉得，当日本人从欧洲获得弹道武器时，他们看到了几个世纪前“幕府将军铠甲”或“武士铠甲”那般的威力；在那个年代，战斗纯粹是近身搏斗……一个农民拿着剑或其他任何武器，根本无法阻挡幕府将军。
日本人在作战方式上富有战术且极为聪慧，我敬佩他们的作战能力，但不认同他们对待战利品的做法。
Again, I honestly saw it in the 20th Century, China held what looked like Honor while Japan found anyway to survive; that shows a lot to me personally; perhaps I am incorrect and Japan is the one that is justifiable from the situation but the majority of the population is docile and persuadable while most Chinese people are adamant and persistent; again just a personal opinion from the things I have seen in my life.
此外，我确实在20世纪看到了这样的情况：中国坚守着看似荣誉的东西，而日本则想尽一切办法求生。这一点对我个人触动很大。或许我的看法有误，从当时的局势来看日本的做法有其合理性，但日本大多数民众温顺且易被说服，而大多数中国人则坚定且执着——这同样只是我基于生活所见得出的个人观点。
Japanese people seem to be more compassionate while holding reserve, while Chinese people are much more straightforward and adamant about whatever they need; again centuries of influence has made things this way and now I start to question again who is in the right and who is in the wrong regarding Human Rights.
日本人似乎更富有同情心，但同时保持克制；而中国人在自己想要的事情上则更加直截了当、坚定不移。几个世纪的影响造就了如今的局面，现在我又开始质疑，在人权问题上谁对谁错。
I am not trying to bring back any resentment, rage, or negative feelings; I am just telling you how I as a 50/50 Korean see it; my biological Mother and Father were both from Seoul, Korea but one lineage was from the North before the War and the other lineage was from the South who was probably ignorant of the facts on the table.
我并非想唤起任何怨恨、愤怒或负面情绪，只是想说说我作为一个纯粹的韩国人的看法。我的亲生父母都来自韩国首尔，但其中一支血脉战前源自朝鲜，另一支源自韩国，他们或许并不了解当时的全部真相。
Korea’s History for centuries is kind of like that perverted kidnapper who raped 3 girls for 10 years in his basement or attic or whatever; we were hostages for centuries and in the 20th and 21st Century you MOST definitely see the PASSION to adapt to something better.
韩国几个世纪的历史，有点像那个变态绑架犯在地下室、阁楼或其他地方囚禁并侵犯三名女孩长达十年那般；我们几个世纪以来一直处于被胁迫的境地，而在20世纪和21世纪，你绝对能看到我们渴望适应更好生活的强烈热情。
Korea was like this for CENTURIES, not to DISHONOR my Motherland but to help you understand why Korean People are the way we are and why we show LOYALTY to those who show us COMPASSION and GENUINE LOVE.
韩国几个世纪以来一直如此。我并非要诋毁我的祖国，而是想帮你理解，为什么韩国人会是现在这个样子，为什么我们会对那些给予我们同情和真挚关爱的人展现忠诚。
Karaoke is a Japanese invention and concept by the way, which is so prent in South Korean culture along with ‘Escorts’ which were ‘Comfort Women’ from the Past; but then again perhaps the Chinese did the same thing without the Public’s knowledge so it’s currently.
顺便说一句，卡拉OK是日本人发明的概念，如今在韩国文化中极为盛行，就像“应召女郎”——这一群体过去被称为“慰安妇”一样。不过话说回来，或许中国人也做过类似的事，只是没有被公众知晓而已。
I honestly do not care, I am not adamant by either side; I Bleed and Die for the Eagle for I was blessed with this lifetime of Freedom and I cry for my Ancestors and want to share my knowledge of my Ancestors.
说实话，我并不在乎这些，我不偏袒任何一方。我为美国流血牺牲，因为我有幸在这一生中拥有自由；同时我也为我的祖先落泪，想分享我所了解的祖先事迹。
King Sejong, the creator of the Korean Alphabet…
I am not 100% sure what he did but he set our country free with the invention of the Korean Alphabet/Language; most likely half Korean and half Chinese.
I actually do not want to inform anyone more of the information of my Motherland, if you truly want to know the Dark Truth then do some research and make up your own opinion.
世宗大王，朝鲜文字的创造者……
我并不完全清楚他的具体功绩，但他通过创造朝鲜文字/语言，让我们的国家获得了自由。这种文字很可能一半源自朝鲜语，一半源自汉语。
事实上，我不想再向任何人透露更多关于我的祖国的信息。如果你真的想知道那些黑暗的真相，就自己去做些研究，形成自己的观点吧。
Everything is water under the bridge, I understand, but United States Segregation was abolished in the 40’s or something and is still VERY prent; how do you think people who suffered centuries feel?
我明白，一切都已成为过去。但美国的种族隔离制度在20世纪40年代左右就被废除了，如今却依然非常普遍；你想想，那些遭受了几个世纪苦难的人们会有怎样的感受？
Would you trust anyone after such a traumatic History?
…then again that is the beauty of Korea; we are a Nation that has suffered so much that we learned much as well; NO PAIN NO GAIN.
Whoever has read this far, articulate your opinion, I am just a messenger.
经历了如此创伤的历史后，你还会相信任何人吗？
……但这也正是韩国的魅力所在：我们是一个历经磨难的国家，也因此学到了很多——一分耕耘，一分收获。
能读到这里的人，请说出你的看法吧，我只是一个传递信息的人。
Kentaro Chiba
Studied Political Science & Economics at Waseda University (早稲田大学) (Graduated 1985)6y
匿名 用户 早稻田大学政治科学与经济学专业（1985年毕业） 6年
I am no Cultural Anthropologist, so I can only answer based on my life experience.
I have travelled to 77 countries including South Korea as a child, as a student, as a tourist and a businessman. When I was a university student I was once forced to enter South Korea because of overbooking on my connecting KL flight back to Narita. I just had about US$200 with me and Seoul was just a transit point, in short I was lost.
我并非文化人类学家，因此只能基于自身生活经历来回答。
我曾以孩童、学生、游客和商人的身份游历过77个国家，其中包括韩国。大学时，我乘坐马来西亚航空的联程航班返回成田机场，因航班超售，被迫滞留韩国。我身上只带了约200美元，而首尔本只是中转站，简而言之，我当时手足无措。
The KL ground crew’s handling could have made a viral video on youtube nowadays but it was the 80s. After a few hours of trial and error I got myself checked into a youth hostel. In the corner of the gigantic room were a about 10 Korean kids about my age. Some how they learned I was a Japanese. They surrounded my bed with hostility and the leader of the pack started to shout at me in English. “What do you think about the crimes of NITTEI (Japanese Empire in short)?”. “Why didn’t you come to us to apologize!””Sit on the floor and kowtow to us!”. Of course I thought the guy was nuts, but before that I was fed up with the circumstances of being stranded in Seoul because of the airlines fault. I shouted back at them. “What the xxxx are you talking about! I wasn’t even born then. What kind of a xxxxing country are you?! Overbooking like crazy and then randomly sexting people to stay in Seoul without any compensation…” To my sincere surprise, they became meek and turned back to their beds. It was quite clear that they were expecting the Jap to be timid and obedient to their demands.
放在如今，马来西亚航空地勤人员的处理方式足以在YouTube上成为热门视频，但那是在80年代。经过几个小时的摸索，我总算住进了一家青年旅社。在那间宽敞的房间角落里，有大约10个和我年纪相仿的韩国年轻人。不知他们怎么得知我是日本人的，带着敌意围到我的床边，领头的用英语对我大喊：“你怎么看待日本帝国的罪行？”“为什么不来向我们道歉！”“坐到地上给我们磕头！”我当然觉得这家伙疯了，而且此前因航空公司的失误被困首尔，我本就一肚子火气，于是回吼道：“你们他妈在胡说八道什么！那时候我还没出生呢！你们这是什么破国家？！超售得这么离谱，还随便挑人滞留首尔，连点补偿都没有……”让我万万没想到的是，他们瞬间变得温顺，转身回到了自己的床位。很明显，他们原本以为日本人会胆小懦弱，对他们的要求言听计从。
After graduation I joined a multinational company that furthered my traveling experiences. I dealt with the stereotypically labelled cut-throat merchants from Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Hong Kong, Dubai, India, Pakistan etc.. By the end of my career I came to believe that all people are similar. The cut-throat merchants were cut-throat because the deals had direct consequences to their personal bank accounts, unlike typical corporate types like me. Any nationality has a fair share of various personalities, abilities etc.. There are lazy, technoilliterate ,noisy Japanese who hate manga, like any other country, for example. I even made it a personal mission (hobby) to correct over-generalizations of peoples. The Egyptians, the Afrikans, the Swiss, the……
毕业后，我加入了一家跨国公司，这让我的旅行经历更加丰富。我曾与那些被刻板印象贴上“贪婪狡诈”标签的商人打过交道，他们来自叙利亚、黎巴嫩、以色列、中国香港（特区）、迪拜、印度、巴基斯坦等地区。职业生涯末期，我逐渐相信，所有人本质上都是相似的。那些“贪婪狡诈”的商人之所以如此，是因为交易结果直接关系到他们的个人银行账户，这和我这种典型的企业职员不同。任何国家的人都有各种各样的性格、能力等。比如，和其他国家一样，日本也有懒惰、不懂科技、吵闹且讨厌漫画的人。我甚至把纠正对不同民族的过度概括当作自己的个人使命（爱好）——无论是埃及人、非洲人、瑞士人，还是……
Until an incident in Malaysia. My wife and I were enjoying a golf holiday near Johor Baru. When we were waiting for the party in front of us to clear the green, the party behind us started to shoot into us as if we were targets. No “Fore!”. Golf balls can kill. I was so angry I stepped on the landing balls to be buried in the ground. Once the congestion made us mashed up at one teeing ground, I found out that the guilty party were Koreans, because they started shouting at not only me but my wife, probably accusing us of the inconvenience of finding the buried balls. I turned around and shouted “Who the xxxx do you think you are!? You could have killed us you bloody idiots! What are you going to say about that!! You’re suppose to shout “fore” according to golf regulations! This is a teeing ground by the way. Don’t you even know you have to keep quiet here?!!” The funny thing is that they became meek and retreated to their carts.
Let’s see how it goes with the whitelist/GSOMIA controversy.
直到在马来西亚发生的一件事改变了我的想法。我和妻子在柔佛巴鲁附近享受高尔夫假期。当我们等待前方一组球员离开果岭时，身后一组人竟然把我们当成目标击球，连一声“小心！”都没喊。高尔夫球是能致命的。我气得把落在身边的球踩进了土里。后来因球场拥堵，我们在某个发球台挤到了一起，我才发现肇事的是韩国人——他们不仅对我大喊大叫，还对着我妻子吼，大概是在指责我们把球踩进土里让他们不好找。我转过身吼道：“你们他妈以为自己是谁？！你们这些蠢货差点杀了我们！这事你们打算怎么说？！根据高尔夫规则，你们应该喊‘小心’的！再说了，这里是发球台，你们连这儿要保持安静都不知道吗？！”有意思的是，他们又立刻变得温顺，退回了自己的球车。
至于“白名单”/《韩日军事情报保护协定》的争议后续会如何发展，让我们拭目以待。
Ananthasegaram Rajasegaram
阿南塔塞加拉姆·拉贾塞加拉姆 6年
Korean mentality was Asian mentality- if they want you for them( work with them), they will pay good salary and they take you to their side,
Japan people mentality was different- first they don’t accept you/ your advice, but later, when they see how you working, in the filed, then they support your work or your ideas,
韩国人的心态属于亚洲人的心态——如果他们想让你为他们效力（和他们合作），就会给你开出高薪，把你拉到他们这边。
日本人的心态则不同——一开始他们不会接受你或你的建议，但后来当他们在实际工作中看到你的表现后，才会支持你的工作或想法。
Onces I read a article about Korean, they( South Korean calling North Korean as - (Cetta Cholan/ Bad Cholan), because North Korean and South Korean had fight in (1958, year),
for Japan people, South Korean called as( Minal Cholan/ lightening Cholan/ sadden coming to the place/ suddenly- start new program, so both of them have different categories,
In Srilanka-1971- civil war was going on-( North Korea help the Sinhala boys, ), why ?
我曾读过一篇关于韩国人的文章，韩国人称朝鲜人为“Cetta Cholan/坏 Cholan”，因为朝鲜和韩国在1958年发生过战争。
而韩国人把日本人称为“Minal Cholan/闪电 Cholan”，意为“突然出现、猝不及防发起新项目的人”，所以他们对这两个国家的人有不同的归类。
1971年斯里兰卡内战期间，朝鲜帮助了僧伽罗青年，这是为什么呢？
Sky Chon A professional Korean geek8y
千俊 专业韩国技术达人 8年
Originally Answered: What's the difference in mindset between Japanese and Koreans?
原问题：韩国人和日本人的思维方式有什么差异？
Societal norms around openly talking about 115 101 120. This is ascii numbers for the 3 letter word that rhymes with six with an edit distance of 1.
核心差异在于公开谈论ASCII码为115、101、120所代表的话题时的社会规范。这个由三个字母组成的词和“six”（六）押韵，编辑距离为1（注备：该ASCII码对应的英文单词为“sex”，即“性”）。
My reluctance to use this word directly speaks volumes about Korea's societal norms around openly discussing this topic. Added to that my being a stereotypical shy geek has only allowed me to speak of it in this form. I hope you understand.
Japanese as I perceive them are very different. I want to be very careful as not to generalize here so I'll explain one word used in Korea that is a reference to the Japanese to make my case.
我不愿直接说出这个词，这本身就很能说明韩国在公开讨论该话题时的社会规范。再加上我本身就是那种典型的害羞技术宅，只能用这种方式来表达，希望你能理解。
在我看来，日本人则完全不同。我不想过度概括，所以将通过一个韩国人用来指代日本人的词来佐证我的观点。
The Korean word for 1st world country is Sun-jin-Gook which Japan, by all account, definitely is. There is an eerily similar sounding word used to call the Japanese pronounced Sung-jin-Gook. That little 'g' at the end is what turns the original word from "1st" to "115 101 120". The two other words roughly translate to "advanced country".
I’m blushing now…
韩语中“发达国家”（第一世界国家）的说法是“Sun-jin-Gook”（先进国），而日本无疑属于这类国家。但韩国人用来称呼日本人的词发音与之惊人地相似，读作“Sung-jin-Gook”。结尾那个小小的“g”音，就把原本表示“第一”的词变成了指代“性”的词，而这两个词的字面意思都大致相当于“先进国家”。
我现在都脸红了……
This word in multiple context can mean different things. I’ve always taken it to mean “a country where it’s okay and encouraged to discuss 115 101 120 matters openly” hence a more advanced and healthy social construct around this very important topic.
这个词在不同语境下有不同含义。我一直认为它的意思是“一个可以且鼓励公开讨论‘性’相关话题的国家”，因此在这个非常重要的话题上，日本有着更先进、更健康的社会环境。
Ts Bin MA in Life and Living, The United States of America (Graduated 1990)5y
曾斌 美国生活与生存专业硕士（1990年毕业）5年
Koreans think they are unique! They have HAN—which is bullshit! They love to suffer. I was married to a Korean woman for 20 years n when we had arguments it was like banging your head against the wall! Of course—every husband n wife fight—but when u deal with the Korean mentality—-logic doesn’t exist! Sometimes I felt like I was having an argument w/ my wife n the entire Korean system of logic——-it will kill u if u let it!!!!! The Japanese on the other hand are usually reserved n a bit odd by western standards—-but I would choose Japanese logic over Korean logic in a heartbeat—-if I could back in time n someone said—-choose your future wife—-Japanese or Korean——I would have gone with a Japanese wife a million times over!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
韩国人觉得自己很特别！他们所谓的“恨”纯属胡说八道！他们就喜欢自寻烦恼。我曾和一位韩国女性结婚20年，每次吵架都像用头撞墙一样徒劳！当然，夫妻之间难免有争执，但面对韩国人的思维方式——根本毫无逻辑可言！有时候我感觉自己不仅在和妻子吵架，还在和整个韩国的逻辑体系对抗——要是放任不管，能把人逼疯！而日本人通常比较内敛，按照西方标准来看可能有点古怪，但我会毫不犹豫地选择日本人的逻辑。如果时光能倒流，有人让我选择未来的妻子——是日本人还是韩国人——我一百万次都会选日本妻子！
评论翻译
Chan Young Kim Writer and translator
金相泳 作家、翻译 6年
Koreans and Japanese are very similar in their mentality, but under the surface there are some crucial differences. These differences are sometimes even bigger than when compared with those between either of the two and people in other parts of the world.
韩国人和日本人的心态非常相似，但在表面之下存在一些关键差异。这些差异有时甚至比两者中任何一方与世界其他地区人们的差异还要大。
Form vs. Substance
In many aspects of Japanese culture and life form is regarded as very important whereas in Korea it is less so. In Korea contents (or substance) are more highly valued, and importance is usually imposed on them.
形式与实质
在日本文化和生活的许多方面，形式被视为非常重要，而在韩国则不然。韩国更看重内容（即实质），通常会将重心放在内容上。
Let’s consider, for instance, cuisine. Needless to say, Japanese foods are stunningly beautiful in the eye. Food containers are also colourful and attractive. In Korean cuisine mainly vessels of a white colour and neutral tones are used. This is originally out of the concern that lest the food containers should dominate the food itself.
以饮食为例，毋庸置疑，日本料理的视觉呈现极为精美，餐具也色彩丰富、极具吸引力。而韩国料理则主要使用白色及中性色调的餐具，这原本是出于担心餐具会盖过食物本身的风头。
In a similar way, many Japanese snacks are packaged beautifully in many layers. When the content eventually reveals its scanty, Koreans are amused by such complicated packaging and also disappointed with the thought of what the use of the complicated packages is.
类似地，许多日本零食采用多层精美包装，但当人们最终发现里面的零食分量很少时，韩国人会对这种复杂的包装感到好笑，同时也会因疑惑其用途而感到失望。
Importance of form has led Japanese ceremonies to being complicated and taking much time. In sumo competitions the ritual ceremony seems to last forever, whereas each actual fighting usually ends as soon as it begins. In Korean ssireum competitions, in contrast, the rituals are quite simple and short in the sense of time consuming. If they were like those for Japanese sumo, many Koreans would hiss and demand by shouting: Jesus! Bring the contesters to the sand now. Or, refund my ticket.
对形式的重视使得日本的仪式变得复杂且耗时。相扑比赛中的仪式流程仿佛无休无止，而每场实际的较量往往转瞬即逝。相比之下，韩国摔跤比赛的仪式则十分简单，耗时很短。如果韩国摔跤的仪式像日本相扑那样，很多韩国人会发出嘘声，并大喊着要求：“天啊！赶紧让选手上场吧”或者“退我门票钱！”
Another example is tea ceremony. Korea also has a traditional tea ceremony, but it is not as much valued as in Japan. It is simpler and more casual as well. Koreans just like to relax sipping their tea, instead of going through a tedious formal ceremony.
另一个例子是茶道。韩国也有传统茶道，但它不像在日本那样受重视，流程也更简单、更随意。韩国人只是喜欢通过品茶来放松身心，而不是经历冗长繁琐的正式仪式。
· Perfection vs. Imperfection
For me, Japanese seem to be obsessed to make things perfect. Their streets are peckless, houses are so neat, and moreover, their industrial products appear flawless. Koreans have such traits but they seldom go too far.
I will make this point more clearly using brief examples of architecture and pottery.
完美与不完美
在我看来，日本人似乎执着于追求事物的完美。他们的街道一尘不染，房屋整洁有序，而且工业产品也显得毫无瑕疵。韩国人也有类似特质，但很少会做到如此极致。
我将通过建筑和陶艺的简单例子，把这一点说得更清楚。
Traditional Japanese wooden houses mainly have straight lines in appearance. And the beams, pillars and frxs of paper doors are very regular in shape and they are at regular intervals. In traditional Korean architecture timber of perfect shape is not necessarily regarded highest in quality. And some of a little irregular shape and unusual grains are loved by architects and ordinary people. Unconsciously probably, perfectness is something to be avoid as it is the very point from which descending and rotting begin. When the moon becomes full, it is to decrease, as an old saying goes.
日本传统木屋的外观以直线为主，房梁、立柱和纸拉门的框架形状规整、间距均匀。而在韩国传统建筑中，形状完美的木材未必被视为最优，一些略带不规则形状和独特纹理的木材反而深受建筑师和普通人喜爱。或许是潜意识里，人们认为完美是需要避免的——它正是衰败与腐朽的起点，就像古语所说“月满则亏”。
The quintessential aesthetics of Japanese pottery is also very different from Korean aesthetics.
What is it, then?
日本陶艺的核心美学与韩国也大相径庭。
那么，韩国陶艺的美学核心是什么？
Boldness and impection quality. Koreans do not like to fill the surface of pottery with patterns or pictures whereas Jappanese have that tendency as Chinese do. Just a image of a simple flower, birds or a dragon in a brown or black colour is more than enough in many Korean pottery pieces. And the shape is not always perfect. This is not because of technical flaw but because of the said mentality. Deliberate impectionness is one of major parts of Korean aesthetics and culture.
是大气与不完美之美。韩国人不喜欢在陶器表面布满图案或纹饰，而日本人和中国人有这样的倾向。许多韩国陶器上，仅用棕或黑色勾勒一朵简单的花、一只鸟或一条龙就已足够，而且器型也未必完美。这并非技术缺陷，而是源于上述的心态——刻意保留的不完美，是韩国美学与文化的重要组成部分。
“我想看到的”与“你应该看到的”
Japanese has a highly developed mental ability to see only what they want to see.
日本人有一种极为突出的心智特质：只看到自己想看到的东西。
Bonsai, for an example. Do you know how much effort should be made to create a charming bonsai work? How many pieces of wire are needed? How many days the plant should survive without being watered to satisfy the gardener with its poor development? How many plants should lose its main stem to look like a dwarf just with one of its small branch left.
When I saw Japanese bonsai works, I was appalled by the cruel way they were controlled by the artists. The plants were severely molested by all means of cutting, wiring, being deformed and so on. From that time I have been entrapped by certain opinions about Japanese mentality: they have a strong tendency to see only what they want to see.
以盆栽为例。你知道打造一盆迷人的盆栽需要付出多少努力吗？需要用多少根铁丝固定？为了让植株长势缓慢以符合园丁的预期，要让它缺水存活多少天？又有多少植株需要被砍掉主茎，只留下一根细枝，长成侏儒般的样子？
当我看到日本盆栽作品时，被艺术家们控制植株的残酷方式震惊了。这些植物遭受着修剪、铁丝捆绑、扭曲变形等种种对待。从那时起，我对日本人的心态有了一种看法：他们极倾向于只看到自己想看到的东西。
They do not like to see “unnecessary” branches and foliage in a tree, in order to make a beautiful bonsai work. They are willing to cut many flowers and twigs off plants to make a beautiful ikebana (traditional Japanese flower arrangement) as well.
Similarly, they do not want to see some “stains” in their history. They are people of pure blood from lineage of gods. So they have never done anything wrong. If there is anything like that, it should be erased.
为了打造完美的盆栽，他们不愿看到树上“多余”的枝繁叶茂；同样，为了制作精美的花道（日本传统插花艺术），他们也愿意剪掉许多花朵和枝叶。
同样，他们不愿看到自己历史中的一些“污点”。他们认为自己是神的后裔、血统纯正，从未做错任何事；如果有类似“污点”存在，就应该被抹去。
The problem is that, however, they have a neighbour, who is very much moral-bound, especially about history. Koreans are more concerned about what really happened rather than what we want to believe as having happened.
Despite some apparent similarities between Japanese and Koreans, there are big differences in their mentality and values. It is not surprising that they occasionally regard each other as a riff raff.
但问题是，他们有一个在道德上极具原则的邻居，尤其是在历史问题上。韩国人更关心真实发生过的事情，而非自己愿意相信的“事实”。
尽管韩国人和日本人表面上有一些相似之处，但在心态和价值观上存在巨大差异。他们偶尔将彼此视为“不入流的人”，也就不足为奇了。
Ernest W. Adams Game design consultant, author and professorOct 27
欧内斯特·W·亚当斯 游戏设计顾问、作家、教授
I don't know enough about Korean and Japanese Society to be able to answer in detail. I can mention one thing that I observed while visiting both countries. Christianity has been quite a success in Korea. There are lots of churches. But it has been an utter failure in Japan. Centuries of missionary work and evangelism have achieved nothing. Somehow the message of Christ about dying for their sins just leaves the Japanese cold.
I have no idea why this is , but it's interesting.
我对韩国和日本社会的了解不足以给出详细答案，但可以说说我在这两个国家旅行时观察到的一件事。基督教在韩国取得了相当大的成功，那里有很多教堂。但它在日本却完全失败了，几个世纪的传教工作毫无成效。不知为何，基督为世人赎罪而死的教义，就是无法打动日本人。
我不知道原因何在，但这一现象很有意思。
Kiseul Suh Knows English6y
金世旭 懂英语 6年
Koreans like to be gathered.
Although there are many individualistic lives these days, clubs, meetings, and groups are a very important lifestyle for Koreans.
For example, it is common for Japanese people to eat meals alone in restaurants since long ago. However, it is still unusual for Koreans to eat meals alone in a restaurant, and now the culture of eating alone in Korea is spreading.
The Japanese people enjoy much more personal activities than those Koreans. For example, among Asian students at an American university, if you are a single person, you are likely to be a Japanese, and if you have a lot of people, you are almost a Korean student :)
韩国人喜欢聚集在一起。
如今虽然有很多人过着个人主义的生活，但俱乐部、聚会和各类团体活动，对韩国人来说仍是非常重要的生活方式。
比如，日本人很久以前就常独自在餐厅用餐，但韩国人独自在餐厅吃饭至今仍不算常见，不过现在韩国的独自用餐文化也在逐渐普及。
日本人比韩国人更享受个人活动。比如在美国大学的亚洲学生中，如果你看到单独一人的，很可能是日本学生；如果是一群人聚在一起的，几乎就是韩国学生啦：）
James G Bridgeman mathematician and actuary
詹姆斯·G·布里奇曼 数学家和精算师
In some limited business experience, it seems to me that the Japanese will go out of their way not to make you lose face in public even if they manage to defeat you quietly, and if you do not notice it yourself, they will not tell anyone. But the Koreans often feel they have lost face unless they are seen as having made you lose face, regardless of who is actually gaining the upper hand. A friend of mine was the CFO in a half-and-half joint venture with Koreans, and part of the agreement required that no expenses could be paid without the CFO’s approval. When disagreements arose because he refused to approve certain expenses, the Korean CEO ordered his office on the executive floor to be converted into a conference room and moved all his furniture downstairs without any notice. One morning he simply found everything relocated. Fortunately, knowing the Korean mentality, he calmly entered the former office now turned conference room, opened his briefcase, and worked there as usual. He continued like that for a year until one morning all the furniture was silently restored to its original place. Another interesting aspect was that his Korean executive assistant, whose career future depended on the Korean partner, remained loyal to him throughout the conflict, providing sound advice and support. Her loyalty to him—their opponent—was admired by the Koreans, who believed she had fulfilled her duty well.
在我有限的商业中，日本人通常会尽力避免让对方在公开场合丢脸，即使他们在暗中占了上风也不会让你难堪；如果你自己没有察觉，他们也不会告诉任何人。而韩国人往往认为，除非让对方失去颜面，否则就是自己丢脸，不论实际优势在谁手中。我有位朋友曾在一家对半分成的韩方合资企业担任财务负责人，协议规定所有开支都必须经过他的批准。后来因他拒绝批准部分费用引发矛盾，韩方的负责人便下令把他所在的高层办公室改成会议室，并在毫无通知的情况下把他的家具全部搬到楼下。他早上上班时才发现变化。所幸他了解韩国人的处事方式，便直接走进已被改成会议室的旧办公室，打开公文包照常办公，这样持续了一年，直到某天所有家具无声无息地恢复原位。更有趣的是，那位原本属于韩方并需在韩方继续发展的韩籍助理，在整个冲突期间始终忠诚地支持他，提供有效建议与帮助，而这种对“对方代表”的忠诚反而十分受到韩国方面的赞赏，他们认为她尽到了本分，而且做得很好。
Juri Nakahara Lives in Japan
I have never been to Korea and have met Korean friends only in Japan, and I feel that our ideas of politeness are very similar. However, I sense one major difference, perhaps because they are in Japan and show respect to locals just as we do when abroad. Many of the new friends I meet are younger than I am. In both countries, we use honorific language toward older people, but in Japan, some of us may feel distant or sad when younger close friends keep using honorifics, so we ask them to speak more casually, or they sense it and naturally switch to friendly speech. Although our governments have issues, I do have Korean friends whom I genuinely regard as true friends, and I always ask them to talk to me in a casual manner. Some of them do, but others seem to feel pressured—as if they must speak to me politely—and I never want them to feel stressed, so they continue using polite speech.
我从未去过韩国，只在日本遇到过韩国朋友，感觉两国对“礼貌”的理解非常相近。不过我也感到一个明显的差异，也许是因为他们身在日本，会像我们在国外一样特别尊重当地文化。我认识的许多新朋友都比我年轻，在两国都会对年长者使用敬语，但在日本，如果亲近的年轻朋友一直使用敬语，一些人会觉得疏离或难过，会直接让对方说得随意些，或对方自己察觉后自然转为亲切的语气。尽管两国政府之间有许多问题，我仍有一些真正当成朋友的韩国友人，我会请他们用更随和的方式与我交谈。有些人会这么做，但也有人似乎始终感到必须使用敬语，我也不希望给他们压力，于是他们依旧保持礼貌的说话方式。
George Brown
Sanitary Pad Distribution Manager at Blackwater (2017–present)2y
乔治・布朗 黑水公司卫生巾发放经理（2017 年至今） 2 年经验
I think Koreans are some of the warmest people I've met. They're typically very friendly in a genuine way, and have great senses of humour. I do find some of their idiosyncrasies quite amusing—for example, their obsessive cleanliness in almost every aspect but sometimes not washing their hands after using the bathroom. I do see them wash before cooking, though, so don’t be too alarmed; it’s just a funny way of doing things, and apparently the education system doesn’t emphasize germs much in Korea.
我认为韩国人是我见过的最热情的人之一。他们通常非常友善且真诚，幽默感也很强。我发现他们的一些习惯挺有趣的，比如在几乎所有方面都追求极端清洁，但有时却不上厕所后洗手。不过我看到他们做饭前会洗手，所以不用过于惊讶，这只是他们处理事情的一种有趣方式，据说韩国教育系统对细菌卫生的强调不多。
I have had more interactions with Koreans and Chinese than with Japanese people. It’s fascinating to see the very distinct outlooks and mannerisms of each. Everyone is an individual, but there are many universal traits. Chinese people are more extroverted and social, and understand sarcasm better.
我与韩国人和中国人的接触比与日本人更多，看到每个群体截然不同的思维方式和行为举止非常有趣。每个人都是独立个体，但存在许多共同特征。中国人更加外向和社交，也更能理解讽刺。
Koreans are very giving and typically have hearty, genuine laughter. Japanese people vary the most. I’ve met a few strong-willed Japanese women who have been away from Japan for decades; they have very powerful and friendly personalities. Fresh immigrants or tourists seem like pigeons or cats—they wander but scatter if approached. I never quite know where I stand with most Japanese, which makes them less predictable than Koreans and Chinese, where if they don’t like you, you’ll know. It’s harder to tell with Japanese because politeness and manners are drilled into them from childhood. I haven’t had overly negative experiences with Japanese, except for a few encounters with the Chinese “lost generation,” but I understand the causes and don’t attribute it to culture—just the byproduct of a tumultuous period.
韩国人非常慷慨，笑声通常热情真诚。日本人差异最大，我见过一些离开日本多年的意志坚强的日本女性，她们性格既强大又友善。新移民或游客像鸽子或猫，四处游走，但接近时会散开。我通常无法完全判断日本人对我的态度，这使得他们比韩国人和中国人更难预测——如果韩国人或中国人不喜欢你，你很快会知道。而日本人很难判断，因为从小他们就被灌输礼貌与规矩。我没有与日本人有过特别负面的经历，除了偶尔遇到中国的“失落一代”，但我理解其原因，不认为是文化问题，而只是动荡时期的产物。
Benjamin Cho M.S. Google Searchologist from University of Google
Hello, my name is Benjamin H. Cho. I am speaking from my personal experience, so please don’t base your entire opinion on mine. Korea is a very complex nation. We have suffered many centuries of oppression; American slavery is like a Honda Civic compared to our Ferrari Enzo. We experienced centuries of invasions from Mongolians, Chinese, and other northern forces, as well as the Japanese and other Pacific Asians from the south. Why do you think the split happened during the Korean War? The North had to deal with mainland Asia, while the South had to deal with the Empire of Japan, which had connections to Eurasia and other parts of the world. North Koreans are generally more loyal and obedient due to centuries of oppression from a powerful unknown force. Just look at Korea’s geography and consider the many directions it could be attacked from the mainland. South Korea was influenced by Japan differently, and if you compare people from North and South Korea, the difference is enormous. It raises questions about loyalty and nobility versus compromise.
你好，我叫Benjamin H. Cho。我只是根据个人经历谈感受，所以请不要完全依据我的意见下结论。韩国是一个非常复杂的国家，我们经历了几个世纪的压迫；相比之下，美国的奴隶制度就像一辆本田思域，而我们的经历更像法拉利恩佐。我们经历了几个世纪的侵略，包括蒙古人、中国人及其他北方势力，以及日本和其他太平洋地区的南方势力。你真的认为朝鲜战争期间为何会发生分裂吗？北部必须应对亚洲大陆，而南部则必须应对与欧亚大陆及世界其他地区有联系的大日本帝国。由于长期遭受未知强权的压迫，北朝鲜人普遍更加忠诚和服从。看看韩国的地理环境，考虑从大陆可能遭受攻击的多种方向。南韩则受日本影响不同，如果你比较南北韩人，会发现差异巨大。这引发了关于忠诚与高贵、以及妥协之间的思考。
I honestly think it’s when the Japanese obtained ballistic arsenal from Europe, they saw the power such as the ‘Shogun Armor’ or ‘Samurai Armor’ from centuries before; back in those days it was purely melee combat…you cannot stop a Shogun as a Peasant holding a sword or whatever weapon.
The Japanese were tactical and very intelligent with how they dealt with warfare, I respect them in combat but not in the Spoils of War.
我真心觉得，当日本人从欧洲获得弹道武器时，他们看到了几个世纪前“幕府将军铠甲”或“武士铠甲”那般的威力；在那个年代，战斗纯粹是近身搏斗……一个农民拿着剑或其他任何武器，根本无法阻挡幕府将军。
日本人在作战方式上富有战术且极为聪慧，我敬佩他们的作战能力，但不认同他们对待战利品的做法。
Again, I honestly saw it in the 20th Century, China held what looked like Honor while Japan found anyway to survive; that shows a lot to me personally; perhaps I am incorrect and Japan is the one that is justifiable from the situation but the majority of the population is docile and persuadable while most Chinese people are adamant and persistent; again just a personal opinion from the things I have seen in my life.
此外，我确实在20世纪看到了这样的情况：中国坚守着看似荣誉的东西，而日本则想尽一切办法求生。这一点对我个人触动很大。或许我的看法有误，从当时的局势来看日本的做法有其合理性，但日本大多数民众温顺且易被说服，而大多数中国人则坚定且执着——这同样只是我基于生活所见得出的个人观点。
Japanese people seem to be more compassionate while holding reserve, while Chinese people are much more straightforward and adamant about whatever they need; again centuries of influence has made things this way and now I start to question again who is in the right and who is in the wrong regarding Human Rights.
日本人似乎更富有同情心，但同时保持克制；而中国人在自己想要的事情上则更加直截了当、坚定不移。几个世纪的影响造就了如今的局面，现在我又开始质疑，在人权问题上谁对谁错。
I am not trying to bring back any resentment, rage, or negative feelings; I am just telling you how I as a 50/50 Korean see it; my biological Mother and Father were both from Seoul, Korea but one lineage was from the North before the War and the other lineage was from the South who was probably ignorant of the facts on the table.
我并非想唤起任何怨恨、愤怒或负面情绪，只是想说说我作为一个纯粹的韩国人的看法。我的亲生父母都来自韩国首尔，但其中一支血脉战前源自朝鲜，另一支源自韩国，他们或许并不了解当时的全部真相。
Korea’s History for centuries is kind of like that perverted kidnapper who raped 3 girls for 10 years in his basement or attic or whatever; we were hostages for centuries and in the 20th and 21st Century you MOST definitely see the PASSION to adapt to something better.
韩国几个世纪的历史，有点像那个变态绑架犯在地下室、阁楼或其他地方囚禁并侵犯三名女孩长达十年那般；我们几个世纪以来一直处于被胁迫的境地，而在20世纪和21世纪，你绝对能看到我们渴望适应更好生活的强烈热情。
Korea was like this for CENTURIES, not to DISHONOR my Motherland but to help you understand why Korean People are the way we are and why we show LOYALTY to those who show us COMPASSION and GENUINE LOVE.
韩国几个世纪以来一直如此。我并非要诋毁我的祖国，而是想帮你理解，为什么韩国人会是现在这个样子，为什么我们会对那些给予我们同情和真挚关爱的人展现忠诚。
Karaoke is a Japanese invention and concept by the way, which is so prent in South Korean culture along with ‘Escorts’ which were ‘Comfort Women’ from the Past; but then again perhaps the Chinese did the same thing without the Public’s knowledge so it’s currently.
顺便说一句，卡拉OK是日本人发明的概念，如今在韩国文化中极为盛行，就像“应召女郎”——这一群体过去被称为“慰安妇”一样。不过话说回来，或许中国人也做过类似的事，只是没有被公众知晓而已。
I honestly do not care, I am not adamant by either side; I Bleed and Die for the Eagle for I was blessed with this lifetime of Freedom and I cry for my Ancestors and want to share my knowledge of my Ancestors.
说实话，我并不在乎这些，我不偏袒任何一方。我为美国流血牺牲，因为我有幸在这一生中拥有自由；同时我也为我的祖先落泪，想分享我所了解的祖先事迹。
King Sejong, the creator of the Korean Alphabet…
I am not 100% sure what he did but he set our country free with the invention of the Korean Alphabet/Language; most likely half Korean and half Chinese.
I actually do not want to inform anyone more of the information of my Motherland, if you truly want to know the Dark Truth then do some research and make up your own opinion.
世宗大王，朝鲜文字的创造者……
我并不完全清楚他的具体功绩，但他通过创造朝鲜文字/语言，让我们的国家获得了自由。这种文字很可能一半源自朝鲜语，一半源自汉语。
事实上，我不想再向任何人透露更多关于我的祖国的信息。如果你真的想知道那些黑暗的真相，就自己去做些研究，形成自己的观点吧。
Everything is water under the bridge, I understand, but United States Segregation was abolished in the 40’s or something and is still VERY prent; how do you think people who suffered centuries feel?
我明白，一切都已成为过去。但美国的种族隔离制度在20世纪40年代左右就被废除了，如今却依然非常普遍；你想想，那些遭受了几个世纪苦难的人们会有怎样的感受？
Would you trust anyone after such a traumatic History?
…then again that is the beauty of Korea; we are a Nation that has suffered so much that we learned much as well; NO PAIN NO GAIN.
Whoever has read this far, articulate your opinion, I am just a messenger.
经历了如此创伤的历史后，你还会相信任何人吗？
……但这也正是韩国的魅力所在：我们是一个历经磨难的国家，也因此学到了很多——一分耕耘，一分收获。
能读到这里的人，请说出你的看法吧，我只是一个传递信息的人。
Kentaro Chiba
Studied Political Science & Economics at Waseda University (早稲田大学) (Graduated 1985)6y
匿名 用户 早稻田大学政治科学与经济学专业（1985年毕业） 6年
I am no Cultural Anthropologist, so I can only answer based on my life experience.
I have travelled to 77 countries including South Korea as a child, as a student, as a tourist and a businessman. When I was a university student I was once forced to enter South Korea because of overbooking on my connecting KL flight back to Narita. I just had about US$200 with me and Seoul was just a transit point, in short I was lost.
我并非文化人类学家，因此只能基于自身生活经历来回答。
我曾以孩童、学生、游客和商人的身份游历过77个国家，其中包括韩国。大学时，我乘坐马来西亚航空的联程航班返回成田机场，因航班超售，被迫滞留韩国。我身上只带了约200美元，而首尔本只是中转站，简而言之，我当时手足无措。
The KL ground crew’s handling could have made a viral video on youtube nowadays but it was the 80s. After a few hours of trial and error I got myself checked into a youth hostel. In the corner of the gigantic room were a about 10 Korean kids about my age. Some how they learned I was a Japanese. They surrounded my bed with hostility and the leader of the pack started to shout at me in English. “What do you think about the crimes of NITTEI (Japanese Empire in short)?”. “Why didn’t you come to us to apologize!””Sit on the floor and kowtow to us!”. Of course I thought the guy was nuts, but before that I was fed up with the circumstances of being stranded in Seoul because of the airlines fault. I shouted back at them. “What the xxxx are you talking about! I wasn’t even born then. What kind of a xxxxing country are you?! Overbooking like crazy and then randomly sexting people to stay in Seoul without any compensation…” To my sincere surprise, they became meek and turned back to their beds. It was quite clear that they were expecting the Jap to be timid and obedient to their demands.
放在如今，马来西亚航空地勤人员的处理方式足以在YouTube上成为热门视频，但那是在80年代。经过几个小时的摸索，我总算住进了一家青年旅社。在那间宽敞的房间角落里，有大约10个和我年纪相仿的韩国年轻人。不知他们怎么得知我是日本人的，带着敌意围到我的床边，领头的用英语对我大喊：“你怎么看待日本帝国的罪行？”“为什么不来向我们道歉！”“坐到地上给我们磕头！”我当然觉得这家伙疯了，而且此前因航空公司的失误被困首尔，我本就一肚子火气，于是回吼道：“你们他妈在胡说八道什么！那时候我还没出生呢！你们这是什么破国家？！超售得这么离谱，还随便挑人滞留首尔，连点补偿都没有……”让我万万没想到的是，他们瞬间变得温顺，转身回到了自己的床位。很明显，他们原本以为日本人会胆小懦弱，对他们的要求言听计从。
After graduation I joined a multinational company that furthered my traveling experiences. I dealt with the stereotypically labelled cut-throat merchants from Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Hong Kong, Dubai, India, Pakistan etc.. By the end of my career I came to believe that all people are similar. The cut-throat merchants were cut-throat because the deals had direct consequences to their personal bank accounts, unlike typical corporate types like me. Any nationality has a fair share of various personalities, abilities etc.. There are lazy, technoilliterate ,noisy Japanese who hate manga, like any other country, for example. I even made it a personal mission (hobby) to correct over-generalizations of peoples. The Egyptians, the Afrikans, the Swiss, the……
毕业后，我加入了一家跨国公司，这让我的旅行经历更加丰富。我曾与那些被刻板印象贴上“贪婪狡诈”标签的商人打过交道，他们来自叙利亚、黎巴嫩、以色列、中国香港（特区）、迪拜、印度、巴基斯坦等地区。职业生涯末期，我逐渐相信，所有人本质上都是相似的。那些“贪婪狡诈”的商人之所以如此，是因为交易结果直接关系到他们的个人银行账户，这和我这种典型的企业职员不同。任何国家的人都有各种各样的性格、能力等。比如，和其他国家一样，日本也有懒惰、不懂科技、吵闹且讨厌漫画的人。我甚至把纠正对不同民族的过度概括当作自己的个人使命（爱好）——无论是埃及人、非洲人、瑞士人，还是……
Until an incident in Malaysia. My wife and I were enjoying a golf holiday near Johor Baru. When we were waiting for the party in front of us to clear the green, the party behind us started to shoot into us as if we were targets. No “Fore!”. Golf balls can kill. I was so angry I stepped on the landing balls to be buried in the ground. Once the congestion made us mashed up at one teeing ground, I found out that the guilty party were Koreans, because they started shouting at not only me but my wife, probably accusing us of the inconvenience of finding the buried balls. I turned around and shouted “Who the xxxx do you think you are!? You could have killed us you bloody idiots! What are you going to say about that!! You’re suppose to shout “fore” according to golf regulations! This is a teeing ground by the way. Don’t you even know you have to keep quiet here?!!” The funny thing is that they became meek and retreated to their carts.
Let’s see how it goes with the whitelist/GSOMIA controversy.
直到在马来西亚发生的一件事改变了我的想法。我和妻子在柔佛巴鲁附近享受高尔夫假期。当我们等待前方一组球员离开果岭时，身后一组人竟然把我们当成目标击球，连一声“小心！”都没喊。高尔夫球是能致命的。我气得把落在身边的球踩进了土里。后来因球场拥堵，我们在某个发球台挤到了一起，我才发现肇事的是韩国人——他们不仅对我大喊大叫，还对着我妻子吼，大概是在指责我们把球踩进土里让他们不好找。我转过身吼道：“你们他妈以为自己是谁？！你们这些蠢货差点杀了我们！这事你们打算怎么说？！根据高尔夫规则，你们应该喊‘小心’的！再说了，这里是发球台，你们连这儿要保持安静都不知道吗？！”有意思的是，他们又立刻变得温顺，退回了自己的球车。
至于“白名单”/《韩日军事情报保护协定》的争议后续会如何发展，让我们拭目以待。
Ananthasegaram Rajasegaram
阿南塔塞加拉姆·拉贾塞加拉姆 6年
Korean mentality was Asian mentality- if they want you for them( work with them), they will pay good salary and they take you to their side,
Japan people mentality was different- first they don’t accept you/ your advice, but later, when they see how you working, in the filed, then they support your work or your ideas,
韩国人的心态属于亚洲人的心态——如果他们想让你为他们效力（和他们合作），就会给你开出高薪，把你拉到他们这边。
日本人的心态则不同——一开始他们不会接受你或你的建议，但后来当他们在实际工作中看到你的表现后，才会支持你的工作或想法。
Onces I read a article about Korean, they( South Korean calling North Korean as - (Cetta Cholan/ Bad Cholan), because North Korean and South Korean had fight in (1958, year),
for Japan people, South Korean called as( Minal Cholan/ lightening Cholan/ sadden coming to the place/ suddenly- start new program, so both of them have different categories,
In Srilanka-1971- civil war was going on-( North Korea help the Sinhala boys, ), why ?
我曾读过一篇关于韩国人的文章，韩国人称朝鲜人为“Cetta Cholan/坏 Cholan”，因为朝鲜和韩国在1958年发生过战争。
而韩国人把日本人称为“Minal Cholan/闪电 Cholan”，意为“突然出现、猝不及防发起新项目的人”，所以他们对这两个国家的人有不同的归类。
1971年斯里兰卡内战期间，朝鲜帮助了僧伽罗青年，这是为什么呢？
Sky Chon A professional Korean geek8y
千俊 专业韩国技术达人 8年
Originally Answered: What's the difference in mindset between Japanese and Koreans?
原问题：韩国人和日本人的思维方式有什么差异？
Societal norms around openly talking about 115 101 120. This is ascii numbers for the 3 letter word that rhymes with six with an edit distance of 1.
核心差异在于公开谈论ASCII码为115、101、120所代表的话题时的社会规范。这个由三个字母组成的词和“six”（六）押韵，编辑距离为1（注备：该ASCII码对应的英文单词为“sex”，即“性”）。
My reluctance to use this word directly speaks volumes about Korea's societal norms around openly discussing this topic. Added to that my being a stereotypical shy geek has only allowed me to speak of it in this form. I hope you understand.
Japanese as I perceive them are very different. I want to be very careful as not to generalize here so I'll explain one word used in Korea that is a reference to the Japanese to make my case.
我不愿直接说出这个词，这本身就很能说明韩国在公开讨论该话题时的社会规范。再加上我本身就是那种典型的害羞技术宅，只能用这种方式来表达，希望你能理解。
在我看来，日本人则完全不同。我不想过度概括，所以将通过一个韩国人用来指代日本人的词来佐证我的观点。
The Korean word for 1st world country is Sun-jin-Gook which Japan, by all account, definitely is. There is an eerily similar sounding word used to call the Japanese pronounced Sung-jin-Gook. That little 'g' at the end is what turns the original word from "1st" to "115 101 120". The two other words roughly translate to "advanced country".
I’m blushing now…
韩语中“发达国家”（第一世界国家）的说法是“Sun-jin-Gook”（先进国），而日本无疑属于这类国家。但韩国人用来称呼日本人的词发音与之惊人地相似，读作“Sung-jin-Gook”。结尾那个小小的“g”音，就把原本表示“第一”的词变成了指代“性”的词，而这两个词的字面意思都大致相当于“先进国家”。
我现在都脸红了……
This word in multiple context can mean different things. I’ve always taken it to mean “a country where it’s okay and encouraged to discuss 115 101 120 matters openly” hence a more advanced and healthy social construct around this very important topic.
这个词在不同语境下有不同含义。我一直认为它的意思是“一个可以且鼓励公开讨论‘性’相关话题的国家”，因此在这个非常重要的话题上，日本有着更先进、更健康的社会环境。
Ts Bin MA in Life and Living, The United States of America (Graduated 1990)5y
曾斌 美国生活与生存专业硕士（1990年毕业）5年
Koreans think they are unique! They have HAN—which is bullshit! They love to suffer. I was married to a Korean woman for 20 years n when we had arguments it was like banging your head against the wall! Of course—every husband n wife fight—but when u deal with the Korean mentality—-logic doesn’t exist! Sometimes I felt like I was having an argument w/ my wife n the entire Korean system of logic——-it will kill u if u let it!!!!! The Japanese on the other hand are usually reserved n a bit odd by western standards—-but I would choose Japanese logic over Korean logic in a heartbeat—-if I could back in time n someone said—-choose your future wife—-Japanese or Korean——I would have gone with a Japanese wife a million times over!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
韩国人觉得自己很特别！他们所谓的“恨”纯属胡说八道！他们就喜欢自寻烦恼。我曾和一位韩国女性结婚20年，每次吵架都像用头撞墙一样徒劳！当然，夫妻之间难免有争执，但面对韩国人的思维方式——根本毫无逻辑可言！有时候我感觉自己不仅在和妻子吵架，还在和整个韩国的逻辑体系对抗——要是放任不管，能把人逼疯！而日本人通常比较内敛，按照西方标准来看可能有点古怪，但我会毫不犹豫地选择日本人的逻辑。如果时光能倒流，有人让我选择未来的妻子——是日本人还是韩国人——我一百万次都会选日本妻子！
金相泳 作家、翻译 6年
Koreans and Japanese are very similar in their mentality, but under the surface there are some crucial differences. These differences are sometimes even bigger than when compared with those between either of the two and people in other parts of the world.
韩国人和日本人的心态非常相似，但在表面之下存在一些关键差异。这些差异有时甚至比两者中任何一方与世界其他地区人们的差异还要大。
Form vs. Substance
In many aspects of Japanese culture and life form is regarded as very important whereas in Korea it is less so. In Korea contents (or substance) are more highly valued, and importance is usually imposed on them.
形式与实质
在日本文化和生活的许多方面，形式被视为非常重要，而在韩国则不然。韩国更看重内容（即实质），通常会将重心放在内容上。
Let’s consider, for instance, cuisine. Needless to say, Japanese foods are stunningly beautiful in the eye. Food containers are also colourful and attractive. In Korean cuisine mainly vessels of a white colour and neutral tones are used. This is originally out of the concern that lest the food containers should dominate the food itself.
以饮食为例，毋庸置疑，日本料理的视觉呈现极为精美，餐具也色彩丰富、极具吸引力。而韩国料理则主要使用白色及中性色调的餐具，这原本是出于担心餐具会盖过食物本身的风头。
In a similar way, many Japanese snacks are packaged beautifully in many layers. When the content eventually reveals its scanty, Koreans are amused by such complicated packaging and also disappointed with the thought of what the use of the complicated packages is.
类似地，许多日本零食采用多层精美包装，但当人们最终发现里面的零食分量很少时，韩国人会对这种复杂的包装感到好笑，同时也会因疑惑其用途而感到失望。
Importance of form has led Japanese ceremonies to being complicated and taking much time. In sumo competitions the ritual ceremony seems to last forever, whereas each actual fighting usually ends as soon as it begins. In Korean ssireum competitions, in contrast, the rituals are quite simple and short in the sense of time consuming. If they were like those for Japanese sumo, many Koreans would hiss and demand by shouting: Jesus! Bring the contesters to the sand now. Or, refund my ticket.
对形式的重视使得日本的仪式变得复杂且耗时。相扑比赛中的仪式流程仿佛无休无止，而每场实际的较量往往转瞬即逝。相比之下，韩国摔跤比赛的仪式则十分简单，耗时很短。如果韩国摔跤的仪式像日本相扑那样，很多韩国人会发出嘘声，并大喊着要求：“天啊！赶紧让选手上场吧”或者“退我门票钱！”
Another example is tea ceremony. Korea also has a traditional tea ceremony, but it is not as much valued as in Japan. It is simpler and more casual as well. Koreans just like to relax sipping their tea, instead of going through a tedious formal ceremony.
另一个例子是茶道。韩国也有传统茶道，但它不像在日本那样受重视，流程也更简单、更随意。韩国人只是喜欢通过品茶来放松身心，而不是经历冗长繁琐的正式仪式。
· Perfection vs. Imperfection
For me, Japanese seem to be obsessed to make things perfect. Their streets are peckless, houses are so neat, and moreover, their industrial products appear flawless. Koreans have such traits but they seldom go too far.
I will make this point more clearly using brief examples of architecture and pottery.
完美与不完美
在我看来，日本人似乎执着于追求事物的完美。他们的街道一尘不染，房屋整洁有序，而且工业产品也显得毫无瑕疵。韩国人也有类似特质，但很少会做到如此极致。
我将通过建筑和陶艺的简单例子，把这一点说得更清楚。
Traditional Japanese wooden houses mainly have straight lines in appearance. And the beams, pillars and frxs of paper doors are very regular in shape and they are at regular intervals. In traditional Korean architecture timber of perfect shape is not necessarily regarded highest in quality. And some of a little irregular shape and unusual grains are loved by architects and ordinary people. Unconsciously probably, perfectness is something to be avoid as it is the very point from which descending and rotting begin. When the moon becomes full, it is to decrease, as an old saying goes.
日本传统木屋的外观以直线为主，房梁、立柱和纸拉门的框架形状规整、间距均匀。而在韩国传统建筑中，形状完美的木材未必被视为最优，一些略带不规则形状和独特纹理的木材反而深受建筑师和普通人喜爱。或许是潜意识里，人们认为完美是需要避免的——它正是衰败与腐朽的起点，就像古语所说“月满则亏”。
The quintessential aesthetics of Japanese pottery is also very different from Korean aesthetics.
What is it, then?
日本陶艺的核心美学与韩国也大相径庭。
那么，韩国陶艺的美学核心是什么？
Boldness and impection quality. Koreans do not like to fill the surface of pottery with patterns or pictures whereas Jappanese have that tendency as Chinese do. Just a image of a simple flower, birds or a dragon in a brown or black colour is more than enough in many Korean pottery pieces. And the shape is not always perfect. This is not because of technical flaw but because of the said mentality. Deliberate impectionness is one of major parts of Korean aesthetics and culture.
是大气与不完美之美。韩国人不喜欢在陶器表面布满图案或纹饰，而日本人和中国人有这样的倾向。许多韩国陶器上，仅用棕或黑色勾勒一朵简单的花、一只鸟或一条龙就已足够，而且器型也未必完美。这并非技术缺陷，而是源于上述的心态——刻意保留的不完美，是韩国美学与文化的重要组成部分。
“我想看到的”与“你应该看到的”
Japanese has a highly developed mental ability to see only what they want to see.
日本人有一种极为突出的心智特质：只看到自己想看到的东西。
Bonsai, for an example. Do you know how much effort should be made to create a charming bonsai work? How many pieces of wire are needed? How many days the plant should survive without being watered to satisfy the gardener with its poor development? How many plants should lose its main stem to look like a dwarf just with one of its small branch left.
When I saw Japanese bonsai works, I was appalled by the cruel way they were controlled by the artists. The plants were severely molested by all means of cutting, wiring, being deformed and so on. From that time I have been entrapped by certain opinions about Japanese mentality: they have a strong tendency to see only what they want to see.
以盆栽为例。你知道打造一盆迷人的盆栽需要付出多少努力吗？需要用多少根铁丝固定？为了让植株长势缓慢以符合园丁的预期，要让它缺水存活多少天？又有多少植株需要被砍掉主茎，只留下一根细枝，长成侏儒般的样子？
当我看到日本盆栽作品时，被艺术家们控制植株的残酷方式震惊了。这些植物遭受着修剪、铁丝捆绑、扭曲变形等种种对待。从那时起，我对日本人的心态有了一种看法：他们极倾向于只看到自己想看到的东西。
They do not like to see “unnecessary” branches and foliage in a tree, in order to make a beautiful bonsai work. They are willing to cut many flowers and twigs off plants to make a beautiful ikebana (traditional Japanese flower arrangement) as well.
Similarly, they do not want to see some “stains” in their history. They are people of pure blood from lineage of gods. So they have never done anything wrong. If there is anything like that, it should be erased.
为了打造完美的盆栽，他们不愿看到树上“多余”的枝繁叶茂；同样，为了制作精美的花道（日本传统插花艺术），他们也愿意剪掉许多花朵和枝叶。
同样，他们不愿看到自己历史中的一些“污点”。他们认为自己是神的后裔、血统纯正，从未做错任何事；如果有类似“污点”存在，就应该被抹去。
The problem is that, however, they have a neighbour, who is very much moral-bound, especially about history. Koreans are more concerned about what really happened rather than what we want to believe as having happened.
Despite some apparent similarities between Japanese and Koreans, there are big differences in their mentality and values. It is not surprising that they occasionally regard each other as a riff raff.
但问题是，他们有一个在道德上极具原则的邻居，尤其是在历史问题上。韩国人更关心真实发生过的事情，而非自己愿意相信的“事实”。
尽管韩国人和日本人表面上有一些相似之处，但在心态和价值观上存在巨大差异。他们偶尔将彼此视为“不入流的人”，也就不足为奇了。
Ernest W. Adams Game design consultant, author and professorOct 27
欧内斯特·W·亚当斯 游戏设计顾问、作家、教授
I don't know enough about Korean and Japanese Society to be able to answer in detail. I can mention one thing that I observed while visiting both countries. Christianity has been quite a success in Korea. There are lots of churches. But it has been an utter failure in Japan. Centuries of missionary work and evangelism have achieved nothing. Somehow the message of Christ about dying for their sins just leaves the Japanese cold.
I have no idea why this is , but it's interesting.
我对韩国和日本社会的了解不足以给出详细答案，但可以说说我在这两个国家旅行时观察到的一件事。基督教在韩国取得了相当大的成功，那里有很多教堂。但它在日本却完全失败了，几个世纪的传教工作毫无成效。不知为何，基督为世人赎罪而死的教义，就是无法打动日本人。
我不知道原因何在，但这一现象很有意思。
Kiseul Suh Knows English6y
金世旭 懂英语 6年
Koreans like to be gathered.
Although there are many individualistic lives these days, clubs, meetings, and groups are a very important lifestyle for Koreans.
For example, it is common for Japanese people to eat meals alone in restaurants since long ago. However, it is still unusual for Koreans to eat meals alone in a restaurant, and now the culture of eating alone in Korea is spreading.
The Japanese people enjoy much more personal activities than those Koreans. For example, among Asian students at an American university, if you are a single person, you are likely to be a Japanese, and if you have a lot of people, you are almost a Korean student :)
韩国人喜欢聚集在一起。
如今虽然有很多人过着个人主义的生活，但俱乐部、聚会和各类团体活动，对韩国人来说仍是非常重要的生活方式。
比如，日本人很久以前就常独自在餐厅用餐，但韩国人独自在餐厅吃饭至今仍不算常见，不过现在韩国的独自用餐文化也在逐渐普及。
日本人比韩国人更享受个人活动。比如在美国大学的亚洲学生中，如果你看到单独一人的，很可能是日本学生；如果是一群人聚在一起的，几乎就是韩国学生啦：）
James G Bridgeman mathematician and actuary
詹姆斯·G·布里奇曼 数学家和精算师
In some limited business experience, it seems to me that the Japanese will go out of their way not to make you lose face in public even if they manage to defeat you quietly, and if you do not notice it yourself, they will not tell anyone. But the Koreans often feel they have lost face unless they are seen as having made you lose face, regardless of who is actually gaining the upper hand. A friend of mine was the CFO in a half-and-half joint venture with Koreans, and part of the agreement required that no expenses could be paid without the CFO’s approval. When disagreements arose because he refused to approve certain expenses, the Korean CEO ordered his office on the executive floor to be converted into a conference room and moved all his furniture downstairs without any notice. One morning he simply found everything relocated. Fortunately, knowing the Korean mentality, he calmly entered the former office now turned conference room, opened his briefcase, and worked there as usual. He continued like that for a year until one morning all the furniture was silently restored to its original place. Another interesting aspect was that his Korean executive assistant, whose career future depended on the Korean partner, remained loyal to him throughout the conflict, providing sound advice and support. Her loyalty to him—their opponent—was admired by the Koreans, who believed she had fulfilled her duty well.
在我有限的商业中，日本人通常会尽力避免让对方在公开场合丢脸，即使他们在暗中占了上风也不会让你难堪；如果你自己没有察觉，他们也不会告诉任何人。而韩国人往往认为，除非让对方失去颜面，否则就是自己丢脸，不论实际优势在谁手中。我有位朋友曾在一家对半分成的韩方合资企业担任财务负责人，协议规定所有开支都必须经过他的批准。后来因他拒绝批准部分费用引发矛盾，韩方的负责人便下令把他所在的高层办公室改成会议室，并在毫无通知的情况下把他的家具全部搬到楼下。他早上上班时才发现变化。所幸他了解韩国人的处事方式，便直接走进已被改成会议室的旧办公室，打开公文包照常办公，这样持续了一年，直到某天所有家具无声无息地恢复原位。更有趣的是，那位原本属于韩方并需在韩方继续发展的韩籍助理，在整个冲突期间始终忠诚地支持他，提供有效建议与帮助，而这种对“对方代表”的忠诚反而十分受到韩国方面的赞赏，他们认为她尽到了本分，而且做得很好。
Juri Nakahara Lives in Japan
I have never been to Korea and have met Korean friends only in Japan, and I feel that our ideas of politeness are very similar. However, I sense one major difference, perhaps because they are in Japan and show respect to locals just as we do when abroad. Many of the new friends I meet are younger than I am. In both countries, we use honorific language toward older people, but in Japan, some of us may feel distant or sad when younger close friends keep using honorifics, so we ask them to speak more casually, or they sense it and naturally switch to friendly speech. Although our governments have issues, I do have Korean friends whom I genuinely regard as true friends, and I always ask them to talk to me in a casual manner. Some of them do, but others seem to feel pressured—as if they must speak to me politely—and I never want them to feel stressed, so they continue using polite speech.
我从未去过韩国，只在日本遇到过韩国朋友，感觉两国对“礼貌”的理解非常相近。不过我也感到一个明显的差异，也许是因为他们身在日本，会像我们在国外一样特别尊重当地文化。我认识的许多新朋友都比我年轻，在两国都会对年长者使用敬语，但在日本，如果亲近的年轻朋友一直使用敬语，一些人会觉得疏离或难过，会直接让对方说得随意些，或对方自己察觉后自然转为亲切的语气。尽管两国政府之间有许多问题，我仍有一些真正当成朋友的韩国友人，我会请他们用更随和的方式与我交谈。有些人会这么做，但也有人似乎始终感到必须使用敬语，我也不希望给他们压力，于是他们依旧保持礼貌的说话方式。
George Brown
Sanitary Pad Distribution Manager at Blackwater (2017–present)2y
乔治・布朗 黑水公司卫生巾发放经理（2017 年至今） 2 年经验
I think Koreans are some of the warmest people I've met. They're typically very friendly in a genuine way, and have great senses of humour. I do find some of their idiosyncrasies quite amusing—for example, their obsessive cleanliness in almost every aspect but sometimes not washing their hands after using the bathroom. I do see them wash before cooking, though, so don’t be too alarmed; it’s just a funny way of doing things, and apparently the education system doesn’t emphasize germs much in Korea.
我认为韩国人是我见过的最热情的人之一。他们通常非常友善且真诚，幽默感也很强。我发现他们的一些习惯挺有趣的，比如在几乎所有方面都追求极端清洁，但有时却不上厕所后洗手。不过我看到他们做饭前会洗手，所以不用过于惊讶，这只是他们处理事情的一种有趣方式，据说韩国教育系统对细菌卫生的强调不多。
I have had more interactions with Koreans and Chinese than with Japanese people. It’s fascinating to see the very distinct outlooks and mannerisms of each. Everyone is an individual, but there are many universal traits. Chinese people are more extroverted and social, and understand sarcasm better.
我与韩国人和中国人的接触比与日本人更多，看到每个群体截然不同的思维方式和行为举止非常有趣。每个人都是独立个体，但存在许多共同特征。中国人更加外向和社交，也更能理解讽刺。
Koreans are very giving and typically have hearty, genuine laughter. Japanese people vary the most. I’ve met a few strong-willed Japanese women who have been away from Japan for decades; they have very powerful and friendly personalities. Fresh immigrants or tourists seem like pigeons or cats—they wander but scatter if approached. I never quite know where I stand with most Japanese, which makes them less predictable than Koreans and Chinese, where if they don’t like you, you’ll know. It’s harder to tell with Japanese because politeness and manners are drilled into them from childhood. I haven’t had overly negative experiences with Japanese, except for a few encounters with the Chinese “lost generation,” but I understand the causes and don’t attribute it to culture—just the byproduct of a tumultuous period.
韩国人非常慷慨，笑声通常热情真诚。日本人差异最大，我见过一些离开日本多年的意志坚强的日本女性，她们性格既强大又友善。新移民或游客像鸽子或猫，四处游走，但接近时会散开。我通常无法完全判断日本人对我的态度，这使得他们比韩国人和中国人更难预测——如果韩国人或中国人不喜欢你，你很快会知道。而日本人很难判断，因为从小他们就被灌输礼貌与规矩。我没有与日本人有过特别负面的经历，除了偶尔遇到中国的“失落一代”，但我理解其原因，不认为是文化问题，而只是动荡时期的产物。
Benjamin Cho M.S. Google Searchologist from University of Google
Hello, my name is Benjamin H. Cho. I am speaking from my personal experience, so please don’t base your entire opinion on mine. Korea is a very complex nation. We have suffered many centuries of oppression; American slavery is like a Honda Civic compared to our Ferrari Enzo. We experienced centuries of invasions from Mongolians, Chinese, and other northern forces, as well as the Japanese and other Pacific Asians from the south. Why do you think the split happened during the Korean War? The North had to deal with mainland Asia, while the South had to deal with the Empire of Japan, which had connections to Eurasia and other parts of the world. North Koreans are generally more loyal and obedient due to centuries of oppression from a powerful unknown force. Just look at Korea’s geography and consider the many directions it could be attacked from the mainland. South Korea was influenced by Japan differently, and if you compare people from North and South Korea, the difference is enormous. It raises questions about loyalty and nobility versus compromise.
你好，我叫Benjamin H. Cho。我只是根据个人经历谈感受，所以请不要完全依据我的意见下结论。韩国是一个非常复杂的国家，我们经历了几个世纪的压迫；相比之下，美国的奴隶制度就像一辆本田思域，而我们的经历更像法拉利恩佐。我们经历了几个世纪的侵略，包括蒙古人、中国人及其他北方势力，以及日本和其他太平洋地区的南方势力。你真的认为朝鲜战争期间为何会发生分裂吗？北部必须应对亚洲大陆，而南部则必须应对与欧亚大陆及世界其他地区有联系的大日本帝国。由于长期遭受未知强权的压迫，北朝鲜人普遍更加忠诚和服从。看看韩国的地理环境，考虑从大陆可能遭受攻击的多种方向。南韩则受日本影响不同，如果你比较南北韩人，会发现差异巨大。这引发了关于忠诚与高贵、以及妥协之间的思考。
I honestly think it’s when the Japanese obtained ballistic arsenal from Europe, they saw the power such as the ‘Shogun Armor’ or ‘Samurai Armor’ from centuries before; back in those days it was purely melee combat…you cannot stop a Shogun as a Peasant holding a sword or whatever weapon.
The Japanese were tactical and very intelligent with how they dealt with warfare, I respect them in combat but not in the Spoils of War.
我真心觉得，当日本人从欧洲获得弹道武器时，他们看到了几个世纪前“幕府将军铠甲”或“武士铠甲”那般的威力；在那个年代，战斗纯粹是近身搏斗……一个农民拿着剑或其他任何武器，根本无法阻挡幕府将军。
日本人在作战方式上富有战术且极为聪慧，我敬佩他们的作战能力，但不认同他们对待战利品的做法。
Again, I honestly saw it in the 20th Century, China held what looked like Honor while Japan found anyway to survive; that shows a lot to me personally; perhaps I am incorrect and Japan is the one that is justifiable from the situation but the majority of the population is docile and persuadable while most Chinese people are adamant and persistent; again just a personal opinion from the things I have seen in my life.
此外，我确实在20世纪看到了这样的情况：中国坚守着看似荣誉的东西，而日本则想尽一切办法求生。这一点对我个人触动很大。或许我的看法有误，从当时的局势来看日本的做法有其合理性，但日本大多数民众温顺且易被说服，而大多数中国人则坚定且执着——这同样只是我基于生活所见得出的个人观点。
Japanese people seem to be more compassionate while holding reserve, while Chinese people are much more straightforward and adamant about whatever they need; again centuries of influence has made things this way and now I start to question again who is in the right and who is in the wrong regarding Human Rights.
日本人似乎更富有同情心，但同时保持克制；而中国人在自己想要的事情上则更加直截了当、坚定不移。几个世纪的影响造就了如今的局面，现在我又开始质疑，在人权问题上谁对谁错。
I am not trying to bring back any resentment, rage, or negative feelings; I am just telling you how I as a 50/50 Korean see it; my biological Mother and Father were both from Seoul, Korea but one lineage was from the North before the War and the other lineage was from the South who was probably ignorant of the facts on the table.
我并非想唤起任何怨恨、愤怒或负面情绪，只是想说说我作为一个纯粹的韩国人的看法。我的亲生父母都来自韩国首尔，但其中一支血脉战前源自朝鲜，另一支源自韩国，他们或许并不了解当时的全部真相。
Korea’s History for centuries is kind of like that perverted kidnapper who raped 3 girls for 10 years in his basement or attic or whatever; we were hostages for centuries and in the 20th and 21st Century you MOST definitely see the PASSION to adapt to something better.
韩国几个世纪的历史，有点像那个变态绑架犯在地下室、阁楼或其他地方囚禁并侵犯三名女孩长达十年那般；我们几个世纪以来一直处于被胁迫的境地，而在20世纪和21世纪，你绝对能看到我们渴望适应更好生活的强烈热情。
Korea was like this for CENTURIES, not to DISHONOR my Motherland but to help you understand why Korean People are the way we are and why we show LOYALTY to those who show us COMPASSION and GENUINE LOVE.
韩国几个世纪以来一直如此。我并非要诋毁我的祖国，而是想帮你理解，为什么韩国人会是现在这个样子，为什么我们会对那些给予我们同情和真挚关爱的人展现忠诚。
Karaoke is a Japanese invention and concept by the way, which is so prent in South Korean culture along with ‘Escorts’ which were ‘Comfort Women’ from the Past; but then again perhaps the Chinese did the same thing without the Public’s knowledge so it’s currently.
顺便说一句，卡拉OK是日本人发明的概念，如今在韩国文化中极为盛行，就像“应召女郎”——这一群体过去被称为“慰安妇”一样。不过话说回来，或许中国人也做过类似的事，只是没有被公众知晓而已。
I honestly do not care, I am not adamant by either side; I Bleed and Die for the Eagle for I was blessed with this lifetime of Freedom and I cry for my Ancestors and want to share my knowledge of my Ancestors.
说实话，我并不在乎这些，我不偏袒任何一方。我为美国流血牺牲，因为我有幸在这一生中拥有自由；同时我也为我的祖先落泪，想分享我所了解的祖先事迹。
King Sejong, the creator of the Korean Alphabet…
I am not 100% sure what he did but he set our country free with the invention of the Korean Alphabet/Language; most likely half Korean and half Chinese.
I actually do not want to inform anyone more of the information of my Motherland, if you truly want to know the Dark Truth then do some research and make up your own opinion.
世宗大王，朝鲜文字的创造者……
我并不完全清楚他的具体功绩，但他通过创造朝鲜文字/语言，让我们的国家获得了自由。这种文字很可能一半源自朝鲜语，一半源自汉语。
事实上，我不想再向任何人透露更多关于我的祖国的信息。如果你真的想知道那些黑暗的真相，就自己去做些研究，形成自己的观点吧。
Everything is water under the bridge, I understand, but United States Segregation was abolished in the 40’s or something and is still VERY prent; how do you think people who suffered centuries feel?
我明白，一切都已成为过去。但美国的种族隔离制度在20世纪40年代左右就被废除了，如今却依然非常普遍；你想想，那些遭受了几个世纪苦难的人们会有怎样的感受？
Would you trust anyone after such a traumatic History?
…then again that is the beauty of Korea; we are a Nation that has suffered so much that we learned much as well; NO PAIN NO GAIN.
Whoever has read this far, articulate your opinion, I am just a messenger.
经历了如此创伤的历史后，你还会相信任何人吗？
……但这也正是韩国的魅力所在：我们是一个历经磨难的国家，也因此学到了很多——一分耕耘，一分收获。
能读到这里的人，请说出你的看法吧，我只是一个传递信息的人。
Kentaro Chiba
Studied Political Science & Economics at Waseda University (早稲田大学) (Graduated 1985)6y
匿名 用户 早稻田大学政治科学与经济学专业（1985年毕业） 6年
I am no Cultural Anthropologist, so I can only answer based on my life experience.
I have travelled to 77 countries including South Korea as a child, as a student, as a tourist and a businessman. When I was a university student I was once forced to enter South Korea because of overbooking on my connecting KL flight back to Narita. I just had about US$200 with me and Seoul was just a transit point, in short I was lost.
我并非文化人类学家，因此只能基于自身生活经历来回答。
我曾以孩童、学生、游客和商人的身份游历过77个国家，其中包括韩国。大学时，我乘坐马来西亚航空的联程航班返回成田机场，因航班超售，被迫滞留韩国。我身上只带了约200美元，而首尔本只是中转站，简而言之，我当时手足无措。
The KL ground crew’s handling could have made a viral video on youtube nowadays but it was the 80s. After a few hours of trial and error I got myself checked into a youth hostel. In the corner of the gigantic room were a about 10 Korean kids about my age. Some how they learned I was a Japanese. They surrounded my bed with hostility and the leader of the pack started to shout at me in English. “What do you think about the crimes of NITTEI (Japanese Empire in short)?”. “Why didn’t you come to us to apologize!””Sit on the floor and kowtow to us!”. Of course I thought the guy was nuts, but before that I was fed up with the circumstances of being stranded in Seoul because of the airlines fault. I shouted back at them. “What the xxxx are you talking about! I wasn’t even born then. What kind of a xxxxing country are you?! Overbooking like crazy and then randomly sexting people to stay in Seoul without any compensation…” To my sincere surprise, they became meek and turned back to their beds. It was quite clear that they were expecting the Jap to be timid and obedient to their demands.
放在如今，马来西亚航空地勤人员的处理方式足以在YouTube上成为热门视频，但那是在80年代。经过几个小时的摸索，我总算住进了一家青年旅社。在那间宽敞的房间角落里，有大约10个和我年纪相仿的韩国年轻人。不知他们怎么得知我是日本人的，带着敌意围到我的床边，领头的用英语对我大喊：“你怎么看待日本帝国的罪行？”“为什么不来向我们道歉！”“坐到地上给我们磕头！”我当然觉得这家伙疯了，而且此前因航空公司的失误被困首尔，我本就一肚子火气，于是回吼道：“你们他妈在胡说八道什么！那时候我还没出生呢！你们这是什么破国家？！超售得这么离谱，还随便挑人滞留首尔，连点补偿都没有……”让我万万没想到的是，他们瞬间变得温顺，转身回到了自己的床位。很明显，他们原本以为日本人会胆小懦弱，对他们的要求言听计从。
After graduation I joined a multinational company that furthered my traveling experiences. I dealt with the stereotypically labelled cut-throat merchants from Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Hong Kong, Dubai, India, Pakistan etc.. By the end of my career I came to believe that all people are similar. The cut-throat merchants were cut-throat because the deals had direct consequences to their personal bank accounts, unlike typical corporate types like me. Any nationality has a fair share of various personalities, abilities etc.. There are lazy, technoilliterate ,noisy Japanese who hate manga, like any other country, for example. I even made it a personal mission (hobby) to correct over-generalizations of peoples. The Egyptians, the Afrikans, the Swiss, the……
毕业后，我加入了一家跨国公司，这让我的旅行经历更加丰富。我曾与那些被刻板印象贴上“贪婪狡诈”标签的商人打过交道，他们来自叙利亚、黎巴嫩、以色列、中国香港（特区）、迪拜、印度、巴基斯坦等地区。职业生涯末期，我逐渐相信，所有人本质上都是相似的。那些“贪婪狡诈”的商人之所以如此，是因为交易结果直接关系到他们的个人银行账户，这和我这种典型的企业职员不同。任何国家的人都有各种各样的性格、能力等。比如，和其他国家一样，日本也有懒惰、不懂科技、吵闹且讨厌漫画的人。我甚至把纠正对不同民族的过度概括当作自己的个人使命（爱好）——无论是埃及人、非洲人、瑞士人，还是……
Until an incident in Malaysia. My wife and I were enjoying a golf holiday near Johor Baru. When we were waiting for the party in front of us to clear the green, the party behind us started to shoot into us as if we were targets. No “Fore!”. Golf balls can kill. I was so angry I stepped on the landing balls to be buried in the ground. Once the congestion made us mashed up at one teeing ground, I found out that the guilty party were Koreans, because they started shouting at not only me but my wife, probably accusing us of the inconvenience of finding the buried balls. I turned around and shouted “Who the xxxx do you think you are!? You could have killed us you bloody idiots! What are you going to say about that!! You’re suppose to shout “fore” according to golf regulations! This is a teeing ground by the way. Don’t you even know you have to keep quiet here?!!” The funny thing is that they became meek and retreated to their carts.
Let’s see how it goes with the whitelist/GSOMIA controversy.
直到在马来西亚发生的一件事改变了我的想法。我和妻子在柔佛巴鲁附近享受高尔夫假期。当我们等待前方一组球员离开果岭时，身后一组人竟然把我们当成目标击球，连一声“小心！”都没喊。高尔夫球是能致命的。我气得把落在身边的球踩进了土里。后来因球场拥堵，我们在某个发球台挤到了一起，我才发现肇事的是韩国人——他们不仅对我大喊大叫，还对着我妻子吼，大概是在指责我们把球踩进土里让他们不好找。我转过身吼道：“你们他妈以为自己是谁？！你们这些蠢货差点杀了我们！这事你们打算怎么说？！根据高尔夫规则，你们应该喊‘小心’的！再说了，这里是发球台，你们连这儿要保持安静都不知道吗？！”有意思的是，他们又立刻变得温顺，退回了自己的球车。
至于“白名单”/《韩日军事情报保护协定》的争议后续会如何发展，让我们拭目以待。
Ananthasegaram Rajasegaram
阿南塔塞加拉姆·拉贾塞加拉姆 6年
Korean mentality was Asian mentality- if they want you for them( work with them), they will pay good salary and they take you to their side,
Japan people mentality was different- first they don’t accept you/ your advice, but later, when they see how you working, in the filed, then they support your work or your ideas,
韩国人的心态属于亚洲人的心态——如果他们想让你为他们效力（和他们合作），就会给你开出高薪，把你拉到他们这边。
日本人的心态则不同——一开始他们不会接受你或你的建议，但后来当他们在实际工作中看到你的表现后，才会支持你的工作或想法。
Onces I read a article about Korean, they( South Korean calling North Korean as - (Cetta Cholan/ Bad Cholan), because North Korean and South Korean had fight in (1958, year),
for Japan people, South Korean called as( Minal Cholan/ lightening Cholan/ sadden coming to the place/ suddenly- start new program, so both of them have different categories,
In Srilanka-1971- civil war was going on-( North Korea help the Sinhala boys, ), why ?
我曾读过一篇关于韩国人的文章，韩国人称朝鲜人为“Cetta Cholan/坏 Cholan”，因为朝鲜和韩国在1958年发生过战争。
而韩国人把日本人称为“Minal Cholan/闪电 Cholan”，意为“突然出现、猝不及防发起新项目的人”，所以他们对这两个国家的人有不同的归类。
1971年斯里兰卡内战期间，朝鲜帮助了僧伽罗青年，这是为什么呢？
Sky Chon A professional Korean geek8y
千俊 专业韩国技术达人 8年
Originally Answered: What's the difference in mindset between Japanese and Koreans?
原问题：韩国人和日本人的思维方式有什么差异？
Societal norms around openly talking about 115 101 120. This is ascii numbers for the 3 letter word that rhymes with six with an edit distance of 1.
核心差异在于公开谈论ASCII码为115、101、120所代表的话题时的社会规范。这个由三个字母组成的词和“six”（六）押韵，编辑距离为1（注备：该ASCII码对应的英文单词为“sex”，即“性”）。
My reluctance to use this word directly speaks volumes about Korea's societal norms around openly discussing this topic. Added to that my being a stereotypical shy geek has only allowed me to speak of it in this form. I hope you understand.
Japanese as I perceive them are very different. I want to be very careful as not to generalize here so I'll explain one word used in Korea that is a reference to the Japanese to make my case.
我不愿直接说出这个词，这本身就很能说明韩国在公开讨论该话题时的社会规范。再加上我本身就是那种典型的害羞技术宅，只能用这种方式来表达，希望你能理解。
在我看来，日本人则完全不同。我不想过度概括，所以将通过一个韩国人用来指代日本人的词来佐证我的观点。
The Korean word for 1st world country is Sun-jin-Gook which Japan, by all account, definitely is. There is an eerily similar sounding word used to call the Japanese pronounced Sung-jin-Gook. That little 'g' at the end is what turns the original word from "1st" to "115 101 120". The two other words roughly translate to "advanced country".
I’m blushing now…
韩语中“发达国家”（第一世界国家）的说法是“Sun-jin-Gook”（先进国），而日本无疑属于这类国家。但韩国人用来称呼日本人的词发音与之惊人地相似，读作“Sung-jin-Gook”。结尾那个小小的“g”音，就把原本表示“第一”的词变成了指代“性”的词，而这两个词的字面意思都大致相当于“先进国家”。
我现在都脸红了……
This word in multiple context can mean different things. I’ve always taken it to mean “a country where it’s okay and encouraged to discuss 115 101 120 matters openly” hence a more advanced and healthy social construct around this very important topic.
这个词在不同语境下有不同含义。我一直认为它的意思是“一个可以且鼓励公开讨论‘性’相关话题的国家”，因此在这个非常重要的话题上，日本有着更先进、更健康的社会环境。
Ts Bin MA in Life and Living, The United States of America (Graduated 1990)5y
曾斌 美国生活与生存专业硕士（1990年毕业）5年
Koreans think they are unique! They have HAN—which is bullshit! They love to suffer. I was married to a Korean woman for 20 years n when we had arguments it was like banging your head against the wall! Of course—every husband n wife fight—but when u deal with the Korean mentality—-logic doesn’t exist! Sometimes I felt like I was having an argument w/ my wife n the entire Korean system of logic——-it will kill u if u let it!!!!! The Japanese on the other hand are usually reserved n a bit odd by western standards—-but I would choose Japanese logic over Korean logic in a heartbeat—-if I could back in time n someone said—-choose your future wife—-Japanese or Korean——I would have gone with a Japanese wife a million times over!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
韩国人觉得自己很特别！他们所谓的“恨”纯属胡说八道！他们就喜欢自寻烦恼。我曾和一位韩国女性结婚20年，每次吵架都像用头撞墙一样徒劳！当然，夫妻之间难免有争执，但面对韩国人的思维方式——根本毫无逻辑可言！有时候我感觉自己不仅在和妻子吵架，还在和整个韩国的逻辑体系对抗——要是放任不管，能把人逼疯！而日本人通常比较内敛，按照西方标准来看可能有点古怪，但我会毫不犹豫地选择日本人的逻辑。如果时光能倒流，有人让我选择未来的妻子——是日本人还是韩国人——我一百万次都会选日本妻子！
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