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我们都会死于核战争吗?

遐怪 1539
正文翻译

 
Why we should stop obsessing over the Doomsday Clock
 
我们为什么应该停止对末日时钟的过度关注
 
When people talk about the threat of nuclear war, American popular culture inevitably creeps in. More than in almost any other field, the language, imagery and mythology surrounding nuclear apocalypse were created in the United States. Along with the weapons themselves.
 
当人们谈论核战争的威胁时,美国流行文化总是不可避免地会渗透其中。几乎在所有领域中,围绕核末日的语言、意象和神话都更多地诞生于美国,核武器本身也是如此。
 
One immediately thinks of Billy Joel’s song We Didn’t Start the Fire. In fact, we didn’t start the arms race either. We didn’t invent the logic of global instability, nor did we build the cult that surrounds it. That entire worldview was born in the United States.
 
人们立刻会想到比利·乔尔的歌曲《我们没有点燃战火》。事实上,军备竞赛也不是我们挑起的。全球不稳定的逻辑并非我们首创,围绕这种逻辑建立的狂热也并非我们一手炮制。整个世界观都诞生于美国。
 
It was there, after all, that the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists was founded, and it was its editors who invented the Doomsday Clock: the now-famous symbol showing how close humanity supposedly is to nuclear annihilation. They created it immediately after the United States developed the atomic bomb and dropped two of them, on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
 
毕竟,《原子科学家公报》正是在那里创办的,也是它的编辑们发明了“末日时钟”:这个如今举世闻名的符号,用来显示人类距离核毁灭还有多远。他们在美国研制出原子弹并分别在广岛和长崎投下两颗原子弹后,立即制作了这个时钟。
 
What is less often mentioned is that when the Doomsday Clock first appeared, humanity was not given much of a chance at all. In 1947, the hands were set to 23:53. Just seven minutes to midnight. This was two years before the Soviet unx tested its first nuclear weapon. When the USSR did so in 1949, American nuclear scientists moved the clock forward to just three minutes before midnight.
 
鲜为人知的是,末日时钟最初出现时,人类几乎没有任何喘息之机。1947年,时钟指针指向23:53,距离午夜仅剩7分钟。这比苏联首次核试验早了两年。1949年苏联成功试爆核武器后,美国核科学家将时钟拨快至午夜前3分钟。
 
After that came the Cuban Missile Crisis, thermonuclear tests by both superpowers, the Vietnam War, and the emergence of nuclear weapons in China and India. The hands moved back and forth between 23:50 and 23:58 for decades. Then came 1991. The dissolution of the Soviet unx brought a sudden wave of optimism, and the clock was set back to 23:43. Throughout the 1990s, there seemed to be little cause for alarm.
 
此后,古巴导弹危机爆发,美苏两大超级大国进行了热核试验,越南战争爆发,中国和印度也相继拥有了核武器。几十年来,时间指针在23:50和23:58之间来回摆动。然后,1991年到来。苏联解体带来了一股突如其来的乐观浪潮,时间指针又回到了23:43。整个90年代,似乎没有什么值得担忧的事情发生。
 
Later, Russia endured and overcame a series of crises. Those were financial, social, governmental and political. It gradually recovered. Its armed forces demonstrated their capabilities, and its scientific and nuclear potential remained intact. Year by year, the hands of the Doomsday Clock crept closer to midnight again.
 
后来,俄罗斯经历了一系列危机,包括金融危机、社会危机、政府危机和政治危机,并最终克服了这些危机。它逐渐复苏,其武装力量展现了自身实力,其科学和核潜力也保持完好。然而,末日时钟的指针却一年比一年更接近午夜。
 
I mention all this because the clock has once more been moved forward. This time, however, we are no longer talking about minutes, but seconds. Since 2018, the clock has never been set earlier than 23:58. Today it stands at 23:58:35. Each year, a few more seconds are added.
 
我之所以提到这些,是因为时钟又一次拨快了。不过,这次我们说的不再是分钟,而是秒。自2018年以来,时钟从未拨早于23:58。今天,时钟显示为23:58:35。每年,时钟都会增加几秒。
 
Officially, this is explained by the “aggressive behavior” of the world’s major nuclear powers. What is not said out loud is that this ritual conveniently produces dramatic headlines that feed the global media cycle. We live in an age where people are emotionally tethered to the news. One week, the word “deal” appears everywhere, offering vague and often unjustified hopes of a breakthrough in today’s drawn-out conflicts. The next week, we are warned of nuclear apocalypse, the Doomsday Clock, or the end of civilization.
 
官方解释是世界主要核大国的“侵略行为”。但人们不愿承认的是,这种做法巧妙地制造出耸人听闻的头条新闻,迎合了全球媒体的舆论循环。我们生活在一个人们的情绪与新闻紧密相连的时代。
这周,“协议”一词随处可见,给人带来模糊且往往毫无根据的希望,仿佛当今旷日持久的冲突即将迎来突破。下周,我们又被警告核灾难、世界末日时钟或文明终结即将到来。
 
Modern audiences swing between two extremes: either everything will be fine, or everything is doomed. The human brain, especially under constant information pressure, is perfectly content to consume emotional signals without real substance. Headlines alone are enough.
 
现代受众往往在两个极端之间摇摆不定:要么一切都会好起来,要么一切都将走向毁灭。人脑,尤其是在持续的信息压力下,很容易被情绪信号所左右,而忽略了实质内容。仅仅依靠标题就足以满足需求。
 
Returning to American cultural imagery, it is impossible not to recall Stanley Kubrick’s Dr. Strangelove, released in 1964. In the film, a deranged American general launches a nuclear attack on the Soviet unx for no rational reason. Communication with the bombers is lost. There is no way to stop them. In response, the USSR activates a doomsday device that guarantees the destruction of all life on Earth.
 
回到美国文化意象,人们很难不想起斯坦利·库布里克1964年上映的《奇爱博士》。影片中,一位精神错乱的美国将军毫无理性地对苏联发动了核攻击。轰炸机与美军失去了联系,也无法阻止。作为回应,苏联启动了一项末日装置,确保地球上所有生命的毁灭。
 
It is a terrifying scenario. Yet Kubrick’s film, true to its title, offers a strange kind of reassurance. It suggests that events of world-ending importance can appear, to ordinary people, as a chain of absurd decisions made by individuals who are foolish, incompetent, unstable, or simply afraid. What can be done about this? Very little. One can only try to live, and enjoy life as best as possible.
 
这是一个令人恐惧的场景。然而,库布里克的电影,正如其片名所示,却提供了一种奇特的安慰。它暗示,在普通人看来,那些足以毁灭世界的重大事件,可能只是由愚蠢、无能、精神不稳定或仅仅是恐惧的个人做出的一系列荒谬决定。对此,我们又能做些什么呢?几乎无能为力。我们所能做的,只有努力生活,并尽可能地享受生活。
 
Today, the news needs us more than we need the news. Much of what causes anxiety does not actually report anything new or significant. And if people stop clicking, reading and sharing, this noise will simply fade away. Media outlets have their own performance metrics. It is not the news that feeds you; you feed the news with your attention.
 
如今,新闻比我们更需要新闻。许多引发焦虑的内容实际上并没有报道任何新的或重要的信息。如果人们停止点击、阅读和分享,这些噪音自然就会消失。媒体机构有自己的绩效指标。不是新闻在喂养你,而是你用你的注意力喂养了新闻。
 
The Doomsday Clock sounds ominous, of course. But what really stands behind it? A small group of self-styled experts receiving their annual share of media attention. Not by making the world safer, but by reminding everyone how close we supposedly are to disaster.
 
“末日时钟”听起来当然很吓人。但它背后究竟隐藏着什么?不过是一小群自封的专家,每年都借此博取媒体关注。他们并非致力于让世界更安全,而是不断提醒世人,我们距离灾难究竟有多近。
 
Francis Fukuyama once wrote about the “end of history,” arguing that humanity had reached a final stage and that no major cataclysms lay ahead. Five years ago, this idea seemed laughable. It felt as though history had ended – and then restarted in a new, chaotic cycle.
 
弗朗西斯·福山曾撰文论述“历史的终结”,认为人类已经到达了最终阶段,不会再有重大灾难发生。五年前,这种观点听起来简直荒谬可笑。当时人们感觉历史已经终结——然后又重新开始,陷入了一个新的、混乱的循环。
 
Now, however, it is clear that this is not the case. Yes, there are conflicts, tensions, and political turbulence. Yes, there is Donald Trump. But history itself is not accelerating toward some final abyss. There is no irreversible movement toward catastrophe.
Fortunately, there is nothing to fear.
 
然而,现在看来,情况并非如此。没错,冲突、紧张局势和政治动荡确实存在。没错,还有唐纳德·特朗普。但历史本身并没有加速走向某个最终的深渊。也不存在不可逆转的灾难进程。
幸运的是,我们无需恐惧。
 
 
评论翻译
Michel Fortin
You forgot to mention that the bomb was created by jews.
All «saved» from the «nazis»
(Cos evidently scientists don’t land in work camps right ?)
And that the «small group of self styled experts» are fueled by jewish owned medias.
Just like the US is owned , and has been owned by jews since the 40’s .
 
你忘了提原子弹是犹太人制造的。
所有人都“幸免于难”,免遭“纳粹”迫害。
(因为科学家显然不会被送进劳改营,对吧?)
还有,那群“自封的专家”是由犹太人控制的媒体操控的。
就像美国自上世纪40年代以来就一直被犹太人控制一样。
 
Karbonero
Go further back. «Federal» Reserve Act. Even further back…
 
再往前追溯。“联邦”储备法案。再往更早以前……
 
Karbonero
Just another gimmick to keep the sheepie scared.
Sheepie, take your boo!ster or the big bad viru#$ will get ya!
 
这不过是又一个用来让“羊群”保持恐慌的把戏。小绵羊们,去打你们的“加强针”吧,否则那个可怕的病毒就会找上你们!
 
Johan De Kuijper
Every car ride you take is voluntary, and you wouldn’t miss a ride because you think you’ll have a fatal accident.
Yet, the chance of a fatal accident is much greater than the chance of dying in a nuclear war.
Every ride could be your last, and we all drive cars.
both suddenly end your life.
 
你每一次开车出行都是自愿的,你也不会因为担心会发生致命事故而拒绝开车。然而,死于车祸的概率远高于死于核战争的概率。每一次出行都可能是最后一次,但我们依然每天开车。两者都可能让生命突然终结。
 
Ahmed4
First nuclear weapon was created in Germany. That too has to be corrected.
 
第一枚核武器是在德国制造的,这一点也需要被纠正。
 
gasdaopidfvankewrq
Germany gave up its atomic program as impractical. It was a Jew, Einstein, who urged FDR in that infamous letter to develope an atomic weapon, a stance based on false information he was given and which he bitterly regretted in later years.
 
德国认为原子计划不切实际而放弃了它。是一名犹太人爱因斯坦在那封臭名昭著的信中敦促罗斯福发展原子武器,而这一立场基于他所得到的错误信息,他在晚年对此深感懊悔。
 
Robertson Marine Services
I never understood the logic of a retalitory catastrophic nuclear strike.
If a countries traditional military has been defeated, why scorch the earth and end the lives of everyone? Life would go on, just under a different leadership.
Nuclear weapons are a serious deterrent. But when the deterrent fails, and war comes, is it worth killing everyone out of priniciple?
 
我始终无法理解报复性毁灭性核打击的逻辑。如果一个国家的常规军队已经被击败,为什么还要焦土政策、终结所有人的生命?生活本可以继续,只是换一个领导而已。核武器确实是强大的威慑,但当威慑失效、战争爆发时,仅仅出于原则而杀死所有人,值得吗?
 
gasdaopidfvankewrq
It’s the relentless logic of addiction to power: the one who dies last wins. No one personifies this madness more than the current and possibly final occupant of the White House. Or the nuclear power that created the Samson Option and has enough warheads to end it all for everyone.
 
这是一种对权力上瘾的冷酷逻辑:谁最后死,谁就赢。没有人比现任、甚至可能是最后一任白宫主人更能体现这种疯狂。还有那个制定了“参孙选项”、拥有足以毁灭全人类弹头的核国家。
 
Zaux Quaz
That’s crazy talk. Israel does not have the power to nuke the entire world.
 
那是疯狂的说法。以色列并没有能力用核武器毁灭整个世界。
 
Doc Holiday
The best we can hope for is the total destruction of Israel!
 
我们所能期待的最好结果就是以色列被彻底摧毁!
 
Zaux Quaz
No «everybody» will not die in a nuclear war. Nobody will nuke Somalia, the Russian taiga or Australia. The list could be made very long but you get my point. Only a few Russian and NATO major cities will disappear. The suffering will be horrible and millions will die but the world will go on.
 
并不是“所有人”都会在核战争中死亡。没有人会去轰炸索马里、俄罗斯的针叶林地带或澳大利亚。名单可以列很长,但你明白我的意思。消失的只会是少数俄罗斯和北约的大城市。痛苦将极其惨烈,会有数百万人死亡,但世界仍会继续。
 
carlito brigante
Not in a normal world, but since people like ñetañahu and his servant Trampestein are now in charge, of the so called free world, all bets are off. We’re now living in bizarro world.
 
在一个正常的世界或许不会这样,但既然像内塔尼亚胡和他的仆人川泼斯坦(Trampestein,川普和爱泼斯坦的合成词)这样的人如今掌控着所谓的自由世界,一切都难以预料。我们现在生活在一个荒诞颠倒的世界。
 
Mehryar
A nuclear test by Iran would be the birth pangs of new Middle East and the multi-polar world order (to borrow a phrase from Condoleezza Rice). It would significantly reduce the risks of a potential escalation of an upcoming conflict in the Middle East by reestablishing mutual deterrence. To wait longer puts everyone at risk including in Iran, Israel, USA, China, Russia and elsewhere as this conflict would not be easy to contain once it starts and its flames would consume all.
 
伊朗进行核试验将成为新中东和多极世界秩序诞生的阵痛(借用康多莉扎·赖斯的话)。
这将通过重新建立相互威慑,大幅降低即将到来的中东冲突升级的风险。继续拖延会让包括伊朗、以色列、美国、中国、俄罗斯等在内的所有人都处于危险之中,因为一旦冲突爆发,将难以控制,其火焰可能吞噬一切。
 
Vojkan
Entropy produced by the incompetence and degeneracy of the current Western «elites» is more likely to cause the end of Western civilisation than nuclear weapons.
 
当今西方“精英”的无能与堕落所产生的熵,更有可能终结西方文明,而不是核武器。
 
alain foveaux
is this the leve of article RT descends to
what rubbish
 
这就是RT堕落到的文章水准吗?
真是垃圾。
 
Richard S
The media today are like terrorists pretending to be journalists. Every day they try to scare everyone with some fear or insanity, and it’s usually for their own selfish political reasons. But even the local media are all about bad news. So it’s not just the usual low life’s at the NYT, AP, etc.
 
如今的媒体就像假扮成记者的恐怖分子。每天都试图用各种恐惧或荒谬来吓唬大众,通常是出于他们自私的政治目的。甚至地方媒体也充斥着坏消息。所以问题不仅仅在于《纽约时报》、美联社之类的那些家伙。
 
Boris Badinoff
Yes!
 
没错!
 
Stephen Aniston
The actual track record of nuclear vs non-nuclear deaths in war is 300K to 570 million. The chances you die from a nuclear weapon are thus 1 in about 2000 or 0.05%
 
核武器与非核战争死亡的实际记录是30万比5.7亿。因此你死于核武器的概率大约是2000分之一,也就是0.05%。
 
gasdaopidfvankewrq
Nuclear weapons have never been used in war. Picture not the ruins of Nagasaki after the atomic attack, but a crater a mile across and five hundred feet deep where the targeted city once was. Then picture millions of tons of dust thrown up into the atmosphere shutting off the sunlight and plunging the earth into cold darkness for weeks, months, maybe years. Look at the global climate effects of past big volcanic eruptions such as Tambora in 1815 and multiple that many, many times over.
 
核武器从未在战争中真正全面使用。不要只想象长崎在原子弹袭击后的废墟,而要想象原本的城市变成一个直径一英里、深五百英尺的巨坑。
再想象数百万吨尘土被抛入大气层,遮蔽阳光,使地球陷入数周、数月甚至数年的寒冷黑暗。看看历史上大型火山喷发(如1815年的坦博拉火山)对全球气候造成的影响,再把这种影响放大许多倍。
 
Michael
yes but all it will take to blow that ratio up is one nuclear exchange, then all statistics are reset
 
是的,但只需一次核交火就能打破这个比例,所有统计数据都会被重置。
 
Forte
Everyone knows Russia will only target the root cause of evil in this world. Not everyone. If the world was smart they would not retaliate over their «allies» getting nuked and just let the UK and Germany take the hit they got coming to them.
I for one am sick and tired of the British. Hard pressed to find a single country in this world that hasn’t gone to war with them or had some kind of beef with them.
 
人人都知道俄罗斯只会打击这个世界邪恶的根源——当然并非所有人都这么认为。如果世界足够聪明,就不会因为他们的“盟友”遭到核打击而报复,而是让英国和德国承受他们应得的打击。
就我个人而言,我已经受够了英国人。几乎找不到一个没有与他们开过战或结过怨的国家。
 
Arne
There will be no Dr Manhattan and Ozymandias coming to save us.
 
不会有曼哈顿博士或奥兹曼迪亚斯来拯救我们。
 
Eileen Dover
That doomsday clock applies to western civilization, now that the Epstein files are making their rounds. Sick people for whom there is only one solution. And the world notices all this.
 
随着爱泼斯坦档案流传开来,那个末日时钟适用于西方文明。那些病态的人似乎只剩下一种解决方式。而世界也在注视这一切。
 
Flavius Silva
Personally I don’t really care who survives so long as Donald Trump and all of his Jewish mates survive only to die a slow lingering death in a radiation filled atmosphere, hotter than Venus where even the smallest glass of water is riddled with poisonous toxins….. My only disappointment is that it wouldn’t be possible to televise the aftermath because I reckon it would be really funny to watch that Polish guy Bibi emerge from his bunker and cry «At least we won!»
 
就我个人而言,我并不在乎谁能幸存,只要唐纳德·特朗普和他所有的犹太伙伴幸存下来,然后在充满辐射、比金星还炽热、连一小杯水都充满毒素的环境中慢慢痛苦死去……
我唯一的遗憾是无法把后果现场直播,因为我觉得看那个波兰人比比从地堡里走出来喊着“至少我们赢了!”一定会很“有趣”。
 
gasdaopidfvankewrq
The earth will heal from the worst mankind can hurl at it. Lush forests teeming with new life were back only half a million years after the global catastrophe that ended the dinosaurs. The odd quirk of evolution that enabled our species to override its instincts was just one of evolution’s many dead ends.
 
地球会从人类施加的最严重破坏中恢复过来。在终结恐龙的全球性灾难仅仅五十万年后,郁郁葱葱、充满新生命的森林便已重现。让人类得以压倒本能的那种进化怪异特征,不过是进化众多死胡同之一。
 
Peter Bilski
Doomsday clock is broken. Sitting few minutes to midday for many years! Somebody need to fix it now.
 
末日时钟已经坏了。多年来一直停在接近午夜前几分钟!现在该有人去修一修了。
 
Pathway Finance
I wonder… whether a soul would survive such a disaster? Would it?
 
我在想……灵魂是否能在这样的灾难中幸存?会吗?
 
Michael
They tell us that the human soul is immortal, transcendent & beyond the reach of our physical world-even George Harrison said this: exactly how he knows, or anyone else is a mysterious matter, feel assured that yes your soul shall survive even a nuclear catastrophe, and if it does not…well you won’t know anything about that, it will be like all of that time before you were born, were you aware of that elapsing?
 
他们告诉我们,人类的灵魂是不朽的、超越性的,超出物质世界的范围——甚至乔治·哈里森也这么说。至于他或其他人究竟如何得知,这是个谜。
不过可以放心,即便是核灾难,灵魂也会存续;如果不会……那你也不会知道,就像你出生之前那段时间一样,你曾意识到它的流逝吗?
 
gasdaopidfvankewrq
In the words of Long John Silver in “Treasure Island”: them as what dies will be the lucky ones. Kubrik’s film underlies the unspeakable truth of the human condition, that we are all powerless before fate and our own aggressively irrational kind of rationality, that we think makes us so special. Accidental self-extinction seems all but inevitable, when you look at the actual human story, not the comforting magic fairy tale version of destiny and good versus evil.
 
用《金银岛》中长约翰·西尔弗的话说:死去的人反而是幸运的。库布里克的电影揭示了人类处境那难以言说的真相——在命运和我们那种自以为特殊、却充满攻击性与非理性的“理性”面前,我们都无能为力。
若看真实的人类历史,而不是关于命运与善恶对抗的安慰性童话版本,意外的自我灭绝几乎不可避免。
 
Simon Troost
Are we all going to die in a nuclear exchange? The short answer is ‘no’. It doesn’t make a big difference, dying in any kind of explosion is more or less equal. It goes beyond my understanding that there still are bullies in this time and age who don’t understand the art of diplomacy and continue to feed militarisation. That said, the threat of all nuclear warheads the world currently has ready for use, do not represent more energy than what the world uses in around two days. Thinking that this kind of force would end humanity, equals all the rest of human hubris. It’s time all the bullies realize this. World powers cannot be ended by force. The only real choice is to learn to live with each other. Harmoniously. Peacefully.
 
我们都会在核交火中死去吗?简短的回答是“不会”。事实上,无论哪种爆炸导致的死亡都差不多。
我无法理解,在这个时代竟然还有不懂外交艺术、却不断推动军事化的霸凌者。话虽如此,目前全球可用的核弹头所蕴含的能量总和,也不过相当于世界两天的能源消耗。
认为这种力量足以终结人类,不过是人类傲慢的又一种表现。是时候让那些霸凌者明白这一点了。世界强国无法通过武力被终结,唯一真正的选择是学会彼此共处,和谐而和平地生活。
 
Eli
By the assumptions of much ascertained data
Multiplied by
Also considering the extremely radical, fickle and irrationally irresponsible behavior of the European Federation of unelected leaders
By any type of honesty predicts with high probability that your world, my world could be prematurely destroyed, by forces completely beyond our control
 
根据大量已证实数据的假设,并结合所谓欧洲由未选举产生的领导人组成的联盟那种极端、反复无常且不负责任的行为,任何诚实的判断都很可能得出结论:你我的世界都有可能被完全超出我们控制的力量提前毁灭。
 
 
 
关键词: 核战争
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你认为未来100年内世界会发生全面核战争吗?