比亚迪宣布，将于2026年在欧洲建设2000座5分钟极速充电站；每座功率达1.5兆瓦，功率是现有大多数充电桩的5倍
正文翻译
正文：
"In China, BYD is currently building 4,000 1.5mW charging stations across the country, with plans to roll out 20,000 by the end of this year.
Although not quite as ambitious, a BYD spokesperson for the European side of the business told me that the company is targeting 2,000 1.5mW Flash Charging stations across Europe before 2026 comes to a close."
I'm fascinated by the economics of this. How does BYD make money on this? Do they run the chargers at a profit? How much will this work out per km for drivers compared to diesel or gasoline?
People think of BYD as a budget car marker, but this to support its luxury brand Denza. The Denza Z9 GT EV has a range of 1,036 km (644 miles) on these chargers. I'm guessing having the best charagers is going to be seen as premium/luxury too.
在中国，比亚迪目前正在全国建设4000 座1.5兆瓦充电站，并计划在今年年底前将这一数字扩充至20000座。
虽然规模没那么宏大，但比亚迪欧洲区发言人向我表示，公司目标是在2026年底前，在欧洲全境建成2000座1.5兆瓦闪充充电站。
我对这背后的商业模式与经济效益很感兴趣。比亚迪靠这些充电站如何盈利？充电站本身是否能实现盈利？对车主而言，使用这些充电站的每公里成本，相比柴油或汽油会低多少？
外界普遍将比亚迪视作经济型车企，但这套充电网络实则是为了支撑其豪华品牌腾势。搭载该闪充技术的腾势Z9GT纯电车型，续航可达1036公里（644英里）。我猜测，拥有最好的充电设施本身也将被视为一种高端、奢华的体验。
"In China, BYD is currently building 4,000 1.5mW charging stations across the country, with plans to roll out 20,000 by the end of this year.
Although not quite as ambitious, a BYD spokesperson for the European side of the business told me that the company is targeting 2,000 1.5mW Flash Charging stations across Europe before 2026 comes to a close."
I'm fascinated by the economics of this. How does BYD make money on this? Do they run the chargers at a profit? How much will this work out per km for drivers compared to diesel or gasoline?
People think of BYD as a budget car marker, but this to support its luxury brand Denza. The Denza Z9 GT EV has a range of 1,036 km (644 miles) on these chargers. I'm guessing having the best charagers is going to be seen as premium/luxury too.
在中国，比亚迪目前正在全国建设4000 座1.5兆瓦充电站，并计划在今年年底前将这一数字扩充至20000座。
虽然规模没那么宏大，但比亚迪欧洲区发言人向我表示，公司目标是在2026年底前，在欧洲全境建成2000座1.5兆瓦闪充充电站。
我对这背后的商业模式与经济效益很感兴趣。比亚迪靠这些充电站如何盈利？充电站本身是否能实现盈利？对车主而言，使用这些充电站的每公里成本，相比柴油或汽油会低多少？
外界普遍将比亚迪视作经济型车企，但这套充电网络实则是为了支撑其豪华品牌腾势。搭载该闪充技术的腾势Z9GT纯电车型，续航可达1036公里（644英里）。我猜测，拥有最好的充电设施本身也将被视为一种高端、奢华的体验。
评论翻译
评论：
NoFastpathNoParty
> at 1.5mW each, they will be 5 times more powerful than most existing chargers.
mW = milliwatt, you meant MW = megawatt
每座充电站功率为1.5兆瓦（MW），这将比目前大多数现有的充电桩强大五倍。
原文中的mW是毫瓦的意思，您想表达的应该是 MW，即兆瓦。
Neoliberal_Nightmare
Milliwatt, that'll charge your gameboy!
毫瓦啊，那也就够给你的游戏机（译者注：Game Boy，任天堂早期的掌机，一代人的回忆）充电了吧！
Andyrew
Well if we assume 4x 2000mAh AA cells in the GameBoy operating at 1.2V, that’s 2400mWh per cell and 9600mWh total. So at 1.5mW it would take 6400 hours or about 266 days to charge your GameBoy.
好吧，假设Game Boy里装了4节2000mAh的AA电池，工作电压是1.2V。那么每节电池的容量就是2400mWh，总共是 9600mWh。所以如果充电功率只有1.5mW的话，充满它需要6400小时，也就是大约266天
Neoliberal_Nightmare
There was a guy in the 90s trapped on an island charging his gameboy with a calculator solar panel at that rate
我记得90年代就有这么个人，被困在荒岛上，用计算器上的那种太阳能板给Game Boy充电，速度大概就是这么个水平吧。
1HOTelcORALesSEX1
Did he get a high score, or was it cloudy?
他刷到高分了吗，还是说当时阴天？
lughnasadh
原始发帖人
Yes! The article got it wrong & I didn't notice until you pointed it out.
没错！那篇文章弄错了，要不是你指出来，我都没注意到呢
tsereg
The original article states mW as well. It may be a trick by those cunning Chinese, like when you order a towel, but receive a little piece of cloth.
原文那篇文章也写的是毫瓦（mW）啊。这可能是那些狡猾的中国人设的陷阱，就像你本想买条毛巾，结果收到的却只是一小块破布。
snorkelvretervreter
Smells like engagement bait
这闻起来像是为了博眼球的炒作
Bosmonster
The challenge will be finding 6000MW of available power on the grid these days.
如今的挑战将是，如何在电网中找到6000兆瓦的可用电力
AlienPearl
Apparently they will use batteries that will charge at low power in the background then when a car plugs it sends the full power from them to the car.
显然，他们会采用储能电池：在后台以低功率缓慢充电，当车辆接入时，再由电池向车辆瞬间输出满功率。
Sherifftruman
That’s pretty smart. Only issue is if it’s a really busy charger and I guess they would just charge more slowly
这还挺聪明的。唯一的毛病就是，如果这是一个非常繁忙的充电站，储能电池里的电被前几辆车用光了，我想（后续来的）我们就只能充得慢一些了。
iamNebula
Well the low power background charging when it’s not being used could be adjusted based on data on use of that station. They don’t need to be a flat ‘low’ power. Adjust based on demand.
其实，这些充电桩闲置时的后台低功率补电，可以根据该站点的使用数据来动态调整。没必要一直是固定的“低功率”模式，完全可以根据用电需求灵活调节。
Hazel-Rah
Worst case it probably just runs at the same speed as current fast chargers
最坏的情况下，它的充电速度大概也就和现在的快充桩一样。
Sherifftruman
Yeah that’s what was thinking
对，我就是这么想的。
linjun_halida
If it’s a really busy charger they will earn a lot and put more battery on it.
如果充电桩特别繁忙，他们就能赚得更多，然后就会投入更多的储能电池进去
superioso
The battery just acts as a buffer between the grid and car, if the charger is busy enough and the actual grid supply small enough they'll still run the buffer to zero.
电池在电网和汽车之间只起到缓冲作用。如果充电站过于繁忙，而电网实际供电能力又太弱，缓冲电池最终还是会被完全耗尽。
Uranophane
If the charger is REALLY successful they will build a mini nuclear reactor next to it.
如果这个充电站真的超级成功，他们干脆会在旁边建一座小型核反应堆。
superioso
It's just 1.5MW. A standard sized onshore wind turbine can produce that amount. The largest offshore wind turbines out there can produce 15MW each.
这才1.5兆瓦而已。一台标准尺寸的陆上风电机组就能产生这么大的功率。而目前最大的海上风电机组，每台发电量可达15兆瓦
lorarc
Good luck fitting a standard sized onshore wind turbine into a supermarkets parking lot.
你试试看能不能把一台标准尺寸的陆上风电机组塞进超市的停车场里，祝你好运！
mattl1698
would need to be more like super capacitors to dump 1.5MW
要输出1.5兆瓦的功率，就得用类似超级电容这类设备才行。
linjun_halida
Blade 2.0 batteries same as in the car.
电池和车里的一样，都是刀片电池2.0版本
Kruxx85
No, just lots of batteries in the correct arrangement of series and parallel.
Ever checked out StyroPyro?
不，只要把大量的普通电池以正确的串并联方式组合起来就行
你看过 StyroPyro 的视频吗？
GreenStrong
BYD makes cars that charge at 1.5MW. The charging cable contains so much copper it is supported by an overhead gantry. It is a bonkers amount of electricity, but the batteries can handle it. It is probably not optimal for battery health to do it as often as the battery bank on a charging station would, but it is possible with one EV worth of BYD batteries, and probably feasible with 4-6 cars worth.
They claim a 10C charging rate for this model. The car is a flagship and they probably sell it at a loss but it only costs $47,600. The legacy car makers are fuuucked.
比亚迪推出了支持1.5兆瓦超快充的车型。充电线缆里用了大量铜，重到必须用一个头顶的龙门架来支撑它
这是一个极其夸张的充电功率，但电池完全扛得住。虽然像充电站的储能电池那样频繁地进行这种快充，可能对电池健康不太友好，但只用一辆电动车级别的比亚迪电池就能实现，如果用4到6套车用电池组并联实现起来就更可行了。
他们宣称这款车型支持10C充电倍率。
这款车是旗舰车型，很可能亏本销售，但售价仅47,600美元。
传统车企这下真的麻烦大了。
DragonWhsiperer
Internal battery storage for peak demand. That way the operator can extract a base load from the network at a favourable price throughout the day, and supplement it with spot price market purchases when peak demand exceeds storage.
在站内设置储能电池来应对用电高峰。这样一来，运营商可全天以优惠价格从电网获取基础负荷电力进行储能，当高峰需求超出储能容量时，再通过现货市场采购额外电力进行补充。
NoFastpathNoParty
yadawg, I heard you like to charge batteries, so I charged a battery to charge your battery, so you can charge while I charge. /s
兄弟，我听说你喜欢给电池充电，所以我先充了一块电池，专门用来给你的电池充。这样你在充的时候我也能一起充（反讽）
bayruss
If the conversation loss is low it's just a giant tank you scoop water out of. Which is kinda how all water is held. In a tank. Batteries are the water tanks of electricity (given low loss).
Water goes from a tank container to a pipe container into a glass container at home before you drink it.
如果转换损耗很低，它就只是一个巨大的蓄水池，你从中舀水就行。其实所有的水本来就是这么存着的 —— 在水箱里。在损耗很低的前提下，电池就是电的“水箱”（前提是损耗低）。
水从储水罐，流经管道，最后进入你家的杯子，你才喝到它。
NoFastpathNoParty
exactly, meeting energy demand without buffering is very inefficient, you'd need to build enough power plants to satisfy the absolute peak of energy demand that you have historically hit (+ some extra for safety).
With enough buffering, you could theoretically build just enough power plants to satisfy the average energy demand (+ some extra for safety).
没错。如果不靠储能做缓冲来满足能源需求，效率会非常低下—— 你必须建造足够多的发电厂，来覆盖历史上出现过的绝对用电高峰（再额外留一些安全余量）。
而如果有足够的储能缓冲，理论上你只需要建造刚好满足平均用电需求的发电厂即可（同样再留一些安全余量）
Who-ate-my-biscuit
BYD are one of the world’s largest BESS (grid scale battery) producers. Their plan will be to use their containerised BESS system between the grid and the charger. Not only will they be able to sell their power at a much better margin by using arbitrage strategies, they will also be providing a service that grid operators actively want.
比亚迪是全球最大的电池储能系统（BESS，即电网级大型电池）生产商之一他们的方案很可能会在电网和充电桩之间，接入他们自家的集装箱式储能系统这样一来，他们不仅能通过低买高卖的套利策略获得更高的电力销售利润，还将为电网运营商提供他们迫切需要的服务。
NoBonus6969
Americans can't conceptualize a company than plans properly and actually delivered on those promises
美国人根本无法想象，一家既有长远规划、又能真正兑现承诺的公司是什么样的。
rtb001
The famous British motoring program Top Gear did a segment on Chinese cars almost 15 years ago, where they both poked fun at how behind Chinese automotive engineering was at the time, but also noted at the rate they are progressing, that might not remain true for that long.
The BYD vehicle featured in that segment was comically a piece of crap gas powered car several generations behind even a Hyundai or Dodge of that era now not even 15 years later, BYD only builds plug in vehicles, is outselling thr likes of Ford and Honda in global sales, and is by far the largest EV maker in the world. And just for kicks, made an electric supercar that set world speed and track records and can jump into the air from a stop.
著名的英国汽车节目《Top Gear》大约15年前曾做过一期关于中国车的专题。当时节目里虽然调侃了中国汽车工程的落后，但同时也指出，以中国车企的发展速度，这种落后局面恐怕不会持续太久。
有意思的是，当时节目中被拿来举例的那辆比亚迪汽车，简直是个笑料——它是一款燃油车，技术水平甚至比当时的现代或道奇落后了好几代。然而，就在不到15年后的今天，比亚迪已经完全转型只生产插电式车辆，全球销量超过了福特和本田，并已成为全球无可争议的最大的电动汽车制造商。更绝的是，他们还顺手造了一款能原地起跳、创造世界速度和赛道纪录的电动超跑。
SuperSquirrel13
Build them next to a data center and the muncipalities will suddenly find availability.
把它们建在数据中心旁边，市政部门一下子就会觉得电力够用了。
darkpheonix262
It not like they'll be consuming 6000MW all the time. That's like saying your 1500KW stove is always eating 1500KW
Edit, 1.5KW. 1500 watt
他们又不会一直消耗6000兆瓦 的电量。这就好比说你家1500瓦的炉子一直在满功率耗电一样。
补充说明：是1.5千瓦，也就是1500瓦。
GloriousDawn
That's a fucking big stove ! From raw to charred in 0.4 seconds.
这特么是个巨大的电炉啊！能在0.4秒内把东西从生的烧成焦炭。
markjohnstonmusic
Actually it's just a laser.
其实那玩意儿就是个激光炮
markjohnstonmusic
Germans falling to their knees in abandoned lignite mines.
德国人跪倒在废弃的煤矿坑里。（此处应该是嘲讽德国废掉核电，重启煤电的事情，貌似后来又拆了莫尔堡燃煤电厂）
NeedleArm
China’s grid is very robust and strong.
中国的电网非常强大且稳固
Mega__Maniac
At a guess:
China knows it is well positioned to disrupt the car markets across Europe with EVs. The big European brands are lagging behind and have huge systems that are built around internal combustion.
One of the main hurdles to EV adoption is the "time at pump" worry. Especially as a huge amount of EU households don't have drives to charge at home.
BYD and other major Chinese manufacturers are supported by the CCP so they can do exactly this kinda thing - drive Chinese sales abroad. The economic incentive is that if charging becomes easy then more people will want electric cars, and the EU manufacturers can't compete without huge tariffs. This will place China as one of the major suppliers of the worlds vehicles.
This is at a time when most EU economies are struggling. EU leaders have to find a balance between protecting their car industries and allowing their citizens to purchase affordable green cars. placing tariffs that stop their less well-off citizens affording cars that will help them achieve climate goals is not an easy decision to make.
TL/DR: Better charging infrastructure will sell electric cars. BYD/China is well placed to be the manufacturer of those cars.
据推测：
中国深知自己具备用电动汽车颠覆整个欧洲汽车市场的有利地位。欧洲各大品牌目前已落后，且它们拥有庞大的体系，这些体系完全是围绕着内燃机（燃油车）建立起来的。
电动汽车普及的主要障碍之一是对充电时间的担忧，尤其是欧盟大量家庭没有家用车位可以充电。
比亚迪及其他中国主流车企得到中国政府的支持，因此完全可以采取这类举措 —— 推动中国汽车海外销量。其经济逻辑在于：如果充电变得便捷，就会有更多人想要电动汽车，而欧盟制造商在不设置高额关税的情况下无法与之竞争。这将使中国成为全球主要的汽车供应国之一。
而当下，大多数欧盟经济体正陷入困境。欧盟领导人必须在保护本国汽车产业、让民众买得起平价环保汽车之间找到平衡。设置关税会让低收入民众买不起有助于实现气候目标的汽车，这并非一个容易做出的决定。
总结：更完善的充电基础设施会带动电动汽车销量。比亚迪/中国完全有能力成为这些汽车的制造商。
bayruss
Also Europe has coole temps in the north, so new Sodium Ion batteries in their new EVs mitigate the range loss from cold temps. Also avoids energy spent on heat pumps for batteries and additional weight.
此外，欧洲北部气气温较低，因此在新车上使用新型钠离子电池，可以缓解因低温导致的续航缩水问题。同时也省去了为电池配备热泵的能耗，以及减少了额外的重量。
aircarone
China 30 years ago: we will produce for the european companies at a fraction of the european price.
China 10 years ago: we will produce the same thing as the europeans, but this time for our own companies and still at a fraction of the european price.
China in 10 years: we will produce obxtively better things than the europeans, and it will still cost only a fraction of the european price.
Meanwhile Europe: .
Juste a sidenote that I mostly appreciate what the UE is trying to do from both an economical and societal point of view, but it's also hard to look at the speed the world is evolving and then look back at home and feel like it has been "2 steps forward, 1 step back" for the last 20 years.
30年前的中国：我们将以欧洲价格的零头，为欧洲企业代工生产。
10年前的中国：我们将造出和欧洲人一样的产品，但这次是为我们自己的企业，价格依然只有欧洲的零头。
10年后的中国：我们将造出客观上比欧洲更好的产品，而价格仍然只是欧洲的零头。
与此同时的欧洲：……
顺带说一句，从经济和社会角度，我大体上是认可欧盟所做的努力的。但看着世界发展的速度，再回头看自己这边，难免会觉得过去20年一直是“前进两步，后退一步”。
bayruss
Bingo. US felt like the most advanced society in the 90s to 2000. What happened in the past 26 years feels like minor improvements for the common folk but huge strides for the elite 1%.
没错。美国在90年代到2000年左右，感觉像是最先进的社会。过去26年里，普通民众只得到了微小的改善，而那1%的精英阶层却取得了巨大的飞跃。
aircarone
Tbf in the past 26 years the technological advancements we experienced completely reshaped society several times so it's a bit hard to judge. Like, back in 2000 computers in households were not yet that common, and my father who was a teacher then had to share computers with his colleagues to prepare exam materials. Since then, computers, high speed internet and smartphones completely changed the way we approach society and information sharing, several times (for better or for worse).
Meanwhile in terms of transportation for example we are still mostly using the same buses/trains/cars and even the EVs are struggling mightily to take off.
The tech sector has been at the forefront of technological advancement for the past 2 decades I feel, and everything else, while still progressing, feels terribly slow in comparison.
说实话，过去26年我们经历的技术进步已经彻底重塑了社会好几次，所以很难简单评判。举个例子，2000年那会儿，家用电脑还没那么普及，我父亲当时是老师，还得和同事共用电脑来准备考试资料。从那以后，电脑、高速互联网和智能手机一再改变了我们参与社会、分享信息的方式（不管是好是坏）。
相比之下，看看交通领域，我们大体上还在使用差不多的公交车、火车和汽车，就连电动汽车的普及也举步维艰。
我觉得，过去20年里，科技行业一直走在技术革新的最前沿，而其他领域虽然也在进步，但对比之下速度慢得离谱
bayruss
Agree internet access and higher end digital devices became prolific but in that same time (2007) Iphones went from frontier technology in the World to second rate technology by 2020.
From an American perspective having access to the best products was the norm until recently. That trend happened slowly as buying power crumbled. The recession. COVID. These events in general hurt the buying power of lower middle class families.
My point isn't that technology advances slowly, but rather it is unevenly distributed.
Even from state to state. I've done a cross country drive and seen the difference in living conditions and general access to goods and services. West Virginia and the Appalachian area have dated building, poor infrastructure, few businesses, and run down homes. While places like NYC or San Francisco look years ahead.
我同意，互联网和高端数字设备确实普及了，但在同一时期（2007 年），iPhone从当年的世界前沿科技，到2020年已经沦为二流技术。
从美国人的角度来看，直到不久前，能用上全世界最好的产品都还是常态。但随着购买力下降，这种趋势在慢慢改变。经济衰退、新冠疫情，这些事件普遍削弱了中低收入家庭的购买力。
我想说的不是技术进步缓慢，而是技术分配极度不均。
甚至州与州之间差距都很大。我曾经自驾横穿美国，亲眼目睹了生活条件、商品和服务普及程度的巨大差异。西弗吉尼亚州和阿巴拉契亚地区建筑老旧、基础设施糟糕、商业稀少、房屋破败；而纽约、旧金山这类城市却看起来领先很多年。
aircarone
My point isn't that technology advances slowly, but rather it is unevenly distributed.
Amen to that. Didn't fully catch what you meant before. It's essentially the same here in Europe, but maybe not as drastic because we aren't as rich as the US to begin with, and our social systems are better so our poorer people aren't doing as badly as in the US (I think at least, I don't have actual data to back this up).
我想说的不是技术进步缓慢，而是技术分配极度不均。
说得太对了。我之前没完全明白你的意思。欧洲这边本质上也是一样的情况，只是可能没那么极端 —— 毕竟我们一开始就没有美国那么富裕，而且我们的社会体系更好，所以穷人的处境不会像美国那么糟糕（至少我是这么认为的，我没有实际数据来支撑这一点）。
DueAnnual3967
Actually EU has now prepared similar rules to ones for China years ago, if they want to build factories in Europe to not have to deal with tarrifs, 51% must belong to local business and they need to share technology
事实上，欧盟现在也出台了和多年前针对中国类似的规定：如果外国企业想在欧洲建厂以避免关税，51%的股份必须归当地企业所有，并且还需要转让技术。
LetMePushTheButton
Western nations can also subsidize their green energy infrastructure and industries - they just need to get their heads out of the asses of the 1% and the billionaire/ donor class.
That would be competitive in the current global market. Banning the sales or tariffing your competitors is not very “free market”. We were told capitalism breeds innovation - is that still true in 2026?
西方国家其实也可以给自己的绿色能源基础设施和产业提供补贴——它们只需要把头从那1%的富豪和亿万富翁/金主阶层的屁股里拔出来就行了。
这才是能在当前全球市场立足的竞争之道。而一味地禁止对手销售或者给竞争对手加关税，根本算不上什么自由市场。我们以前总被灌输资本主义能催生创新，但在2026年的今天，这话听着还特么算数吗？
knotatumah
My biggest takeaway with things like this is that even if China isn't successful in this particular adoption of charging stations they are actively experimenting and figuring out what the market demands of EVs. While everybody else is clinging onto pearls with the old guard in automotive and the slow churn of fossil fuels China is poised to disrupt the entire thing and western auto influence only has themselves to blame. And now more than ever with the Iran war we're reminded of exactly why we wanted to push for renewables and EV in the first place.
Now my perspective is from rural USA where adoption has been slow and painful and not entirely unwarranted. Even if you built charging stations everywhere you could you're not always near a place that, in theory, could have charging stations, your own home included. And resistance is strong because the move to ban gas vehicles as the primary means of forcing adoption is a strong one, was a strong rather. It really shows how stuck in the mud and influential domestic auto production is when their attempts to change and adopt are half-assed at best and the best course of action to defeat that lobby is straight-up ban the use of fossil fuels instead of focusing on incentives and invention.
China is going to demolish most auto manufacturers within the next 50 years or so where only a handful of domestic are going to survive through national protection measures, which will only further fuel their ineptitude and painfully ineffective competition. Maybe it will take 50, maybe not, but however long it feels now it will quickly be hindsight in the grande scheme of things.
我对此类事件最大的感悟是，即便中国在这次充电桩推广上没有完全成功，他们也在积极试错、摸索市场对电动汽车的真实需求。当其他所有人都在守着传统汽车行业的“老规矩”和步履蹒跚的化石燃料行业不放时，中国已准备好颠覆整个格局，而西方的汽车影响力落得如此下场只能怪他们自己。尤其是现在，随着伊朗战争的爆发，我们更应该想起当初我们为什么要拼命推动可再生能源和电动汽车。
现在我换个角度说说。我身处美国农村，那里的（电动车）普及进程缓慢且痛苦，而且这种迟滞并非完全没有道理。即便你在所有可能的地方都建起充电站，你也不一定总能靠近一个理论上可以充电的地方，包括你自己的家。而且由于之前采取了禁售燃油车这种强硬手段来强制普及，导致抵触情绪非常强烈。这真实地反映了国内汽车制造业是多僵化且极具影响力——他们所谓的转型和采纳新技术的尝试充其量只是敷衍了事。要击败这个利益集团，最好的办法本该是直接禁止化石燃料的使用，而不是专注于补贴和技术创新。
在未来50年左右的时间里，中国将瓦解大多数汽车制造商，届时只有少数国内品牌能通过国家保护措施存活下来，而这只会进一步加剧他们的无能和竞争乏力。也许需要50年，也许不需要，但无论现在感觉多么漫长，在宏观的历史进程中，这很快就会变成后见之明。
kraken4dinner
Charging is a real estate business as well. Watch mcdonalds movie.
充电业务本质上也是一门地产生意。去看看那部关于麦当劳的电影就明白了。
Better_Peaches666
Tesla stopped innovating several years ago and they're stuck at 150 to 250 kW.
Now here's BYD coming in to take the rest of their lunch.
特斯拉好几年前就停止了创新，现在还卡在150到250kW的充电功率上原地踏步。
现在比亚迪杀过来了，要把它剩下的饭碗也给端了。
gearpitch
Haven't you heard? Teslas not a car company any more, they're a robotics and ai company. Duh
你没听说吗？特斯拉早就不是什么汽车公司了，人家现在可是搞机器人和人工智能的高科技公司。这都不懂。
Flipslips
Teslas charge up to 500 kW now
在的特斯拉也能充到500kW了好吗
ShadowDV
About 5 years ago on Reddit I said that in 10 years, Tesla would just be an automotive software company. People laughed. I think I’m still on track
大概五年前，我在Reddit上说过，十年后特斯拉会变成一家汽车软件公司。当时人都笑我。我觉得我现在还是挺准的。
RLewis8888
When is the rest of the world going to learn that coal and oil are the way to go?
MAGA, sitting in an Amish restaurant.
这帮人啥时候才能明白，搞来搞去还是煤炭和石油最靠谱呢？
一张坐在阿米什餐厅里的“让美国再次伟大”支持者照片。
Nesman64
You laugh, but the Amish near me are big on solar panels and electric bikes.
你们尽管笑，但我身边的阿米什人现在超爱用太阳能板和电动自行车
DHFranklin
This is deliberately designed to be the nail in the coffin for gas cars. China isn't a petrostate and wants freedom from petrostates. They want to dominate the world where petrostates have no power. They will.
A tank of gas takes you 400 miles or so. This takes you 600+. A fill up takes 5-6 minutes and this takes about the same time.
They want to make sure there aren't any excuses.
With the next generation of solid state or even just sodium batteries we'll see a serious weight reduction in a 500 mile battery. With solar panels becoming dirt cheap and ultralight, we can start seeing solar powered cars become ubiquitous. Little sedans that grandma only drives to church on Sunday literally never seeing a fill station or mechanic for a decade.
这显然是为了给燃油车钉上最后一颗棺材钉而设计的。中国不是石油国家，并且希望摆脱石油国家的束缚。他们想要在一个石油国家失去权力的世界中占据主导地位。他们会做到的。
一箱汽油大约能跑400英里。而这个（电动车/新电池）能跑600英里以上。加满油需要5到6分钟，充电花费的时间也差不多。
他们想确保人们不再有任何借口拒绝电动车。
随着下一代固态电池、甚至仅仅是钠电池的出现，我们将看到500英里续航电池的重量大幅减轻。随着太阳能电池板变得极其廉价且轻便，我们可能会开始看到太阳能汽车变得无处不在。那种给老太太只会在每周日开去教堂的老头乐，字面意义上可能十年都不需要去一次加油站或修理厂。
Eisegetical
It's so obvious but I didn't realize that this is how they 'win' the oil game... By not participating and playing their own game.
Massive infrastructure and tech investment is a lot cheaper than participating in a stupid middle East war.
win a lot of goodwill with the average consumer and directly weaken the oil powers. Crazy.
道理显而易见，但我之前确实没意识到，他们原来是这样在石油博弈中“取胜”的……压根不入局，转而玩一套属于自己的游戏。
投巨资搞基础设施和科技，可比卷入一场愚蠢的中东战争便宜多了
既赢得了普通消费者的极大好感，又直接削弱了石油强权的实力。简直疯狂。
DHFranklin
Sure. We can't put to much malice in mind here though. This is just China seeing their macro economic weakness and strengths over 4 of their last 5 year plans.
China loses tons of cash to keep their internal oil reserves. The Yuan/ Renminbi loses ton of power when it is exchanged for petrodollars. The dollar won't be the worlds reserve currency at least to the degree it's at, if this changes. That is huge for China. China is the number one trade partner for most G20 nations now. The BRICKS pivot away from the dollar and the Atlantic ecosystem is certainly intentional and this is certainly part of that.
So China does what they do best and export things that only China can. It used to be plastic bullshit and aluminum cans, but in the last decade and certainly since COVID it has demonstrated that it's a peer with any of the other nations in high end manufacturing. As the world sees solar and wind have cheaper levelized cost of energy than fossil fuel, China is there to sell it. As they realize that electric cars make more sense for their market, China is now the number one exporter. As the world slowly realizes that those electric cars are actually batteries on wheels, renewables become far more valuable.
So the whole world is going to be solar/wind powered electric cars with an electrified decentralized grid. Oil will only be valuable for industrial applications like plastic. Oil will continue to see fewer and fewer markets for both import and export. Most of the world can only afford to participate in their own petroleum industry when oil is above $80 a barrel or so. Cheaper than that and they lose money moving it.
China will need very little oil and importantly will have a massive trade deficit with nations like Saudi Arabia sitting on light brent crude. China will buy it for the same price America would but critically China would buy 10x as much. When you are the biggest buyer you can start to demand it being bought and sold in your currency.
Thus China becomes the worlds largest economy as America's growth slows.
当然。不过我们对此倒也不必抱有过多的恶意。这仅仅是中国在过去四个五年计划中，认清了自身宏观经济的优劣势后所做的选择。
中国为了维持国内石油储备耗费了巨额资金。当人民币被兑换成石油美元时，其购买力会大幅流失。如果这种情况发生改变，美元将不再能维持其作为世界储备货币的地位（至少无法维持到现在的程度）。这对中国来说意义重大。目前，中国已成为大多数G20国家的第一大贸易伙伴。金砖国家转向脱离美元及大西洋生态系统的做法无疑是有意为之，而这正是该战略其中的一环。
因此，中国发挥其所长，出口只有中国才能提供的产品。以前是塑料垃圾和铝罐，但在过去十年——尤其是自疫情以来——中国已经证明自己在高端制造领域具备了与其他任何国家平起平坐的实力。当世界发现太阳能和风能的平准化能源成本（LCOE）低于化石燃料时，中国就在那里提供这些产品。当人们意识到电动汽车更符合其市场需求时，中国现在已成为第一大出口国。随着世界逐渐意识到这些电动车实际上是“装在轮子上的电池”，可再生能源将变得远比以往更有价值。
所以，整个世界将走向由太阳能/风能驱动、配备去中心化电网的电动汽车时代。石油将仅在塑料等工业应用中保有其价值，其进出口市场将持续萎缩。对于世界上大多数国家而言，只有当油价高于每桶80美元左右时，参与石油工业才有利可图。如果低于这个价格，他们运输石油甚至会亏本。
中国未来对石油的需求将非常小，更重要的是，它将与沙特阿拉伯等坐拥轻质布伦特原油的国家产生巨大的贸易逆差（译者注：此处原文逻辑似有误，应该是贸易顺差，在注释中作出修改，原文直译。后面这句逻辑上应该指的是为了平抑大量顺差，中国需要向沙特等国大量进口石油，如果我的理解有误，欢迎网友指出）。中国会以与美国相同的价格购买石油，但关键在于，中国的购买量将是美国的10倍。当你成为最大的买家时，你就可以开始要求使用自己的货币进行结算。
由此，随着美国增长放缓，中国将成为世界第一大经济体。
Eisegetical
Yup. Agreed. I see no malice in what China is doing. I much prefer their smart pivot away from oil into renewable dominance. I'd much rather tax dollars go toward public infrastructure than bombs
是的，完全同意。我认为中国这么做没有任何恶意。我更欣赏他们这种明智的转型 —— 摆脱石油依赖，转向主导可再生能源。
我宁愿税收用在公共基础设施上，也不愿花在炸弹上。
Kruxx85
To answer your question - this is just a (clever) ploy to deliver more batteries around the world. They are a battery manufacturer first and foremost.
BYD can't get 2,000 1.5MW connections to the different grids around Europe. Not in one year, any way.
But they can plonk down big arse batteries connected to the grid on essentially trickle charge grid connections (and maybe some PV) and discharge those batteries at 1.5MW or thereabouts for 5'minutes at a time.
回答你的问题——这其实只是一个（高明的）策略，目的是为了向全球输出更多的电池。毕竟，他们首先且本质上是一家电池制造商。
比亚迪不可能在一年之内就在欧洲各地的电网中获取2000个1.5兆瓦的接口，无论如何都办不到。
但他们可以简单粗暴地把巨大的电池组接入电网，通过（基本上是涓流充电级别的）电网接入（可能还配有一些光伏），然后以1.5兆瓦左右的功率进行每次5分钟的瞬间放电。
brickmaster32000
It is not really a ploy. That is just how these stations should work. It is actually already how the gas stations work. They don't have a pipeline able to continuously supply the needed gas at any given time. They have a storage tank that they fill when convenient and then discharge it to supply the customer.
这其实算不上什么策略。这本来就是这类充电站应有的运作方式。实际上，现在的加油站就是这么运作的。它们并没有一条能随时持续供应所需燃油的管道，而是有一个储油罐，方便时就把它填满，然后通过它来给顾客加油。
Kruxx85
Well, you're right, but I was just being cute.
It's just good business for BYD, because being a battery manufacturer, they're creating demand, for their own supply of manufactured goods.
I do like the analogy to liquid fuels - perfect.
好吧，你说得对，我刚才只是想卖个关子而已。
这对比亚迪来说确实是极好的生意，因为作为电池制造商，他们这是在为自己的产品创造需求。
我很喜欢你把这比作液体燃料的类比，太贴切了。
doommaster
Their buffer batteries will be tiny in comparison to what is currently in the process of being built across Germany, and possibly other European countries.
相比于目前德国乃至其他欧洲国家正在建设的储能项目，它们的缓冲电池规模将小得多。
hamsterwheelin
And here in the US, our "leaders" are cheering drill baby drill. SMH.
可看看我们美国，所谓的领导人还在那儿欢呼“钻吧钻吧，小宝贝”。真特么无语了。
iceyed913
Guess they will also be installing CCTV and paying for some high grade security services because those fucking cables get cut and stolen all the time. The faster the charger, the more copper in the cable.
我想他们还得安装监控摄像头并支付高级安保服务的费用，因为那些该死的电缆总是被割断偷走。充电器的功率越高，电缆里的铜就越多。
Northern23
And that's why we can't have nice things
这就是为什么我们拥有不了什么好东西的原因。
nagi603
Some countries solved copper theft by shifting the burden of legal sourcing and full lifetime documentation checks to the scrap metal dealers, and also using various dies to mark the infrastructure cables. Once the dealers started going to jail big time, this becomes a vastly smaller issue.
有些国家解决铜缆盗窃问题的办法是：把合法溯源和全生命周期文件核查的责任转移到废品金属回收商身上，并配合使用各种标记来标注基础设施电缆。一旦这些回收商开始因收赃而大规模入狱，这类问题就大幅减少了。
chrisgrou
This is the obvious solution.
这就是显而易见的解决方案。
kirbyderwood
The faster the charger, the more copper in the cable.
It's not a direct correlation.
Higher voltages allow for thinner cables. Active cooling allows for a cable to carry more power as well.
充电速度越快，电缆里的铜就越多。
这并不是直接的正比关系。
更高的电压允许使用更细的电缆。同时，主动冷却技术也能让电缆承载更高的功率。
linjun_halida
It use cooler, not much copper.
它使用了冷却系统，所以并不需要太多的铜。
Sialala
Good luck with that in rural Ireland where even ESB struggles to put 50kW chargers in place.
在爱尔兰的乡下想搞这个？那只能祝你好运吧，那里就连（爱尔兰电力公司）ESB想装个50千瓦的充电桩都费劲。
Own_Tomatillo_1369
I doubt rural Ireland would be their prime target for market expansion..
我猜爱尔兰的乡下应该不在他们市场扩张的首选名单上吧
jordan853
What do you mean? It's one of the big four: Paris, Barcelona, Prague, and rural Ireland.
你这话啥意思？爱尔兰乡下可是“四大”之一啊：巴黎、巴塞罗那、布拉格，外加爱尔兰乡下。
Any-Appearance2471
They’re having meeting after meeting to crack the code on those tens of customers
他们开了一场又一场的会，就为了搞定那区区几十个客户。
linjun_halida
It don't have much requirement for the grid, it has a big battery as buffer. But for rural Ireland they can charge at home, slow but cheap.
它对电网的要求并不高，因为它有一个大储能电池作为缓冲。但对于爱尔兰农村地区的人来说，他们可以在家充电，虽然慢，但很便宜。
Funtacy
Ye...I don't know much about electricity grids and whatnot, but if they manage to have a few of those chargers scattered around the country, they'll certainly win me over as a customer, and that's saying a lot coming from someone who has always been against Chinese products.
嗯…… 我对电网之类的东西不太懂，但如果他们能在全国各处装上一些这样的充电桩，我肯定会成为他们的客户。
要知道，我一直以来都是抵制中国产品的，能说出这话就很能说明问题了。
nagi603
With the new data center buildout, it's not just rural and not just Ireland.
随着新的数据中心不断建设，受影响的不只是爱尔兰农村，也不只是爱尔兰整个国家。
NoFastpathNoParty
> at 1.5mW each, they will be 5 times more powerful than most existing chargers.
mW = milliwatt, you meant MW = megawatt
每座充电站功率为1.5兆瓦（MW），这将比目前大多数现有的充电桩强大五倍。
原文中的mW是毫瓦的意思，您想表达的应该是 MW，即兆瓦。
Neoliberal_Nightmare
Milliwatt, that'll charge your gameboy!
毫瓦啊，那也就够给你的游戏机（译者注：Game Boy，任天堂早期的掌机，一代人的回忆）充电了吧！
Andyrew
Well if we assume 4x 2000mAh AA cells in the GameBoy operating at 1.2V, that’s 2400mWh per cell and 9600mWh total. So at 1.5mW it would take 6400 hours or about 266 days to charge your GameBoy.
好吧，假设Game Boy里装了4节2000mAh的AA电池，工作电压是1.2V。那么每节电池的容量就是2400mWh，总共是 9600mWh。所以如果充电功率只有1.5mW的话，充满它需要6400小时，也就是大约266天
Neoliberal_Nightmare
There was a guy in the 90s trapped on an island charging his gameboy with a calculator solar panel at that rate
我记得90年代就有这么个人，被困在荒岛上，用计算器上的那种太阳能板给Game Boy充电，速度大概就是这么个水平吧。
1HOTelcORALesSEX1
Did he get a high score, or was it cloudy?
他刷到高分了吗，还是说当时阴天？
lughnasadh
原始发帖人
Yes! The article got it wrong & I didn't notice until you pointed it out.
没错！那篇文章弄错了，要不是你指出来，我都没注意到呢
tsereg
The original article states mW as well. It may be a trick by those cunning Chinese, like when you order a towel, but receive a little piece of cloth.
原文那篇文章也写的是毫瓦（mW）啊。这可能是那些狡猾的中国人设的陷阱，就像你本想买条毛巾，结果收到的却只是一小块破布。
snorkelvretervreter
Smells like engagement bait
这闻起来像是为了博眼球的炒作
Bosmonster
The challenge will be finding 6000MW of available power on the grid these days.
如今的挑战将是，如何在电网中找到6000兆瓦的可用电力
AlienPearl
Apparently they will use batteries that will charge at low power in the background then when a car plugs it sends the full power from them to the car.
显然，他们会采用储能电池：在后台以低功率缓慢充电，当车辆接入时，再由电池向车辆瞬间输出满功率。
Sherifftruman
That’s pretty smart. Only issue is if it’s a really busy charger and I guess they would just charge more slowly
这还挺聪明的。唯一的毛病就是，如果这是一个非常繁忙的充电站，储能电池里的电被前几辆车用光了，我想（后续来的）我们就只能充得慢一些了。
iamNebula
Well the low power background charging when it’s not being used could be adjusted based on data on use of that station. They don’t need to be a flat ‘low’ power. Adjust based on demand.
其实，这些充电桩闲置时的后台低功率补电，可以根据该站点的使用数据来动态调整。没必要一直是固定的“低功率”模式，完全可以根据用电需求灵活调节。
Hazel-Rah
Worst case it probably just runs at the same speed as current fast chargers
最坏的情况下，它的充电速度大概也就和现在的快充桩一样。
Sherifftruman
Yeah that’s what was thinking
对，我就是这么想的。
linjun_halida
If it’s a really busy charger they will earn a lot and put more battery on it.
如果充电桩特别繁忙，他们就能赚得更多，然后就会投入更多的储能电池进去
superioso
The battery just acts as a buffer between the grid and car, if the charger is busy enough and the actual grid supply small enough they'll still run the buffer to zero.
电池在电网和汽车之间只起到缓冲作用。如果充电站过于繁忙，而电网实际供电能力又太弱，缓冲电池最终还是会被完全耗尽。
Uranophane
If the charger is REALLY successful they will build a mini nuclear reactor next to it.
如果这个充电站真的超级成功，他们干脆会在旁边建一座小型核反应堆。
superioso
It's just 1.5MW. A standard sized onshore wind turbine can produce that amount. The largest offshore wind turbines out there can produce 15MW each.
这才1.5兆瓦而已。一台标准尺寸的陆上风电机组就能产生这么大的功率。而目前最大的海上风电机组，每台发电量可达15兆瓦
lorarc
Good luck fitting a standard sized onshore wind turbine into a supermarkets parking lot.
你试试看能不能把一台标准尺寸的陆上风电机组塞进超市的停车场里，祝你好运！
mattl1698
would need to be more like super capacitors to dump 1.5MW
要输出1.5兆瓦的功率，就得用类似超级电容这类设备才行。
linjun_halida
Blade 2.0 batteries same as in the car.
电池和车里的一样，都是刀片电池2.0版本
Kruxx85
No, just lots of batteries in the correct arrangement of series and parallel.
Ever checked out StyroPyro?
不，只要把大量的普通电池以正确的串并联方式组合起来就行
你看过 StyroPyro 的视频吗？
GreenStrong
BYD makes cars that charge at 1.5MW. The charging cable contains so much copper it is supported by an overhead gantry. It is a bonkers amount of electricity, but the batteries can handle it. It is probably not optimal for battery health to do it as often as the battery bank on a charging station would, but it is possible with one EV worth of BYD batteries, and probably feasible with 4-6 cars worth.
They claim a 10C charging rate for this model. The car is a flagship and they probably sell it at a loss but it only costs $47,600. The legacy car makers are fuuucked.
比亚迪推出了支持1.5兆瓦超快充的车型。充电线缆里用了大量铜，重到必须用一个头顶的龙门架来支撑它
这是一个极其夸张的充电功率，但电池完全扛得住。虽然像充电站的储能电池那样频繁地进行这种快充，可能对电池健康不太友好，但只用一辆电动车级别的比亚迪电池就能实现，如果用4到6套车用电池组并联实现起来就更可行了。
他们宣称这款车型支持10C充电倍率。
这款车是旗舰车型，很可能亏本销售，但售价仅47,600美元。
传统车企这下真的麻烦大了。
DragonWhsiperer
Internal battery storage for peak demand. That way the operator can extract a base load from the network at a favourable price throughout the day, and supplement it with spot price market purchases when peak demand exceeds storage.
在站内设置储能电池来应对用电高峰。这样一来，运营商可全天以优惠价格从电网获取基础负荷电力进行储能，当高峰需求超出储能容量时，再通过现货市场采购额外电力进行补充。
NoFastpathNoParty
yadawg, I heard you like to charge batteries, so I charged a battery to charge your battery, so you can charge while I charge. /s
兄弟，我听说你喜欢给电池充电，所以我先充了一块电池，专门用来给你的电池充。这样你在充的时候我也能一起充（反讽）
bayruss
If the conversation loss is low it's just a giant tank you scoop water out of. Which is kinda how all water is held. In a tank. Batteries are the water tanks of electricity (given low loss).
Water goes from a tank container to a pipe container into a glass container at home before you drink it.
如果转换损耗很低，它就只是一个巨大的蓄水池，你从中舀水就行。其实所有的水本来就是这么存着的 —— 在水箱里。在损耗很低的前提下，电池就是电的“水箱”（前提是损耗低）。
水从储水罐，流经管道，最后进入你家的杯子，你才喝到它。
NoFastpathNoParty
exactly, meeting energy demand without buffering is very inefficient, you'd need to build enough power plants to satisfy the absolute peak of energy demand that you have historically hit (+ some extra for safety).
With enough buffering, you could theoretically build just enough power plants to satisfy the average energy demand (+ some extra for safety).
没错。如果不靠储能做缓冲来满足能源需求，效率会非常低下—— 你必须建造足够多的发电厂，来覆盖历史上出现过的绝对用电高峰（再额外留一些安全余量）。
而如果有足够的储能缓冲，理论上你只需要建造刚好满足平均用电需求的发电厂即可（同样再留一些安全余量）
Who-ate-my-biscuit
BYD are one of the world’s largest BESS (grid scale battery) producers. Their plan will be to use their containerised BESS system between the grid and the charger. Not only will they be able to sell their power at a much better margin by using arbitrage strategies, they will also be providing a service that grid operators actively want.
比亚迪是全球最大的电池储能系统（BESS，即电网级大型电池）生产商之一他们的方案很可能会在电网和充电桩之间，接入他们自家的集装箱式储能系统这样一来，他们不仅能通过低买高卖的套利策略获得更高的电力销售利润，还将为电网运营商提供他们迫切需要的服务。
NoBonus6969
Americans can't conceptualize a company than plans properly and actually delivered on those promises
美国人根本无法想象，一家既有长远规划、又能真正兑现承诺的公司是什么样的。
rtb001
The famous British motoring program Top Gear did a segment on Chinese cars almost 15 years ago, where they both poked fun at how behind Chinese automotive engineering was at the time, but also noted at the rate they are progressing, that might not remain true for that long.
The BYD vehicle featured in that segment was comically a piece of crap gas powered car several generations behind even a Hyundai or Dodge of that era now not even 15 years later, BYD only builds plug in vehicles, is outselling thr likes of Ford and Honda in global sales, and is by far the largest EV maker in the world. And just for kicks, made an electric supercar that set world speed and track records and can jump into the air from a stop.
著名的英国汽车节目《Top Gear》大约15年前曾做过一期关于中国车的专题。当时节目里虽然调侃了中国汽车工程的落后，但同时也指出，以中国车企的发展速度，这种落后局面恐怕不会持续太久。
有意思的是，当时节目中被拿来举例的那辆比亚迪汽车，简直是个笑料——它是一款燃油车，技术水平甚至比当时的现代或道奇落后了好几代。然而，就在不到15年后的今天，比亚迪已经完全转型只生产插电式车辆，全球销量超过了福特和本田，并已成为全球无可争议的最大的电动汽车制造商。更绝的是，他们还顺手造了一款能原地起跳、创造世界速度和赛道纪录的电动超跑。
SuperSquirrel13
Build them next to a data center and the muncipalities will suddenly find availability.
把它们建在数据中心旁边，市政部门一下子就会觉得电力够用了。
darkpheonix262
It not like they'll be consuming 6000MW all the time. That's like saying your 1500KW stove is always eating 1500KW
Edit, 1.5KW. 1500 watt
他们又不会一直消耗6000兆瓦 的电量。这就好比说你家1500瓦的炉子一直在满功率耗电一样。
补充说明：是1.5千瓦，也就是1500瓦。
GloriousDawn
That's a fucking big stove ! From raw to charred in 0.4 seconds.
这特么是个巨大的电炉啊！能在0.4秒内把东西从生的烧成焦炭。
markjohnstonmusic
Actually it's just a laser.
其实那玩意儿就是个激光炮
markjohnstonmusic
Germans falling to their knees in abandoned lignite mines.
德国人跪倒在废弃的煤矿坑里。（此处应该是嘲讽德国废掉核电，重启煤电的事情，貌似后来又拆了莫尔堡燃煤电厂）
NeedleArm
China’s grid is very robust and strong.
中国的电网非常强大且稳固
Mega__Maniac
At a guess:
China knows it is well positioned to disrupt the car markets across Europe with EVs. The big European brands are lagging behind and have huge systems that are built around internal combustion.
One of the main hurdles to EV adoption is the "time at pump" worry. Especially as a huge amount of EU households don't have drives to charge at home.
BYD and other major Chinese manufacturers are supported by the CCP so they can do exactly this kinda thing - drive Chinese sales abroad. The economic incentive is that if charging becomes easy then more people will want electric cars, and the EU manufacturers can't compete without huge tariffs. This will place China as one of the major suppliers of the worlds vehicles.
This is at a time when most EU economies are struggling. EU leaders have to find a balance between protecting their car industries and allowing their citizens to purchase affordable green cars. placing tariffs that stop their less well-off citizens affording cars that will help them achieve climate goals is not an easy decision to make.
TL/DR: Better charging infrastructure will sell electric cars. BYD/China is well placed to be the manufacturer of those cars.
据推测：
中国深知自己具备用电动汽车颠覆整个欧洲汽车市场的有利地位。欧洲各大品牌目前已落后，且它们拥有庞大的体系，这些体系完全是围绕着内燃机（燃油车）建立起来的。
电动汽车普及的主要障碍之一是对充电时间的担忧，尤其是欧盟大量家庭没有家用车位可以充电。
比亚迪及其他中国主流车企得到中国政府的支持，因此完全可以采取这类举措 —— 推动中国汽车海外销量。其经济逻辑在于：如果充电变得便捷，就会有更多人想要电动汽车，而欧盟制造商在不设置高额关税的情况下无法与之竞争。这将使中国成为全球主要的汽车供应国之一。
而当下，大多数欧盟经济体正陷入困境。欧盟领导人必须在保护本国汽车产业、让民众买得起平价环保汽车之间找到平衡。设置关税会让低收入民众买不起有助于实现气候目标的汽车，这并非一个容易做出的决定。
总结：更完善的充电基础设施会带动电动汽车销量。比亚迪/中国完全有能力成为这些汽车的制造商。
bayruss
Also Europe has coole temps in the north, so new Sodium Ion batteries in their new EVs mitigate the range loss from cold temps. Also avoids energy spent on heat pumps for batteries and additional weight.
此外，欧洲北部气气温较低，因此在新车上使用新型钠离子电池，可以缓解因低温导致的续航缩水问题。同时也省去了为电池配备热泵的能耗，以及减少了额外的重量。
aircarone
China 30 years ago: we will produce for the european companies at a fraction of the european price.
China 10 years ago: we will produce the same thing as the europeans, but this time for our own companies and still at a fraction of the european price.
China in 10 years: we will produce obxtively better things than the europeans, and it will still cost only a fraction of the european price.
Meanwhile Europe: .
Juste a sidenote that I mostly appreciate what the UE is trying to do from both an economical and societal point of view, but it's also hard to look at the speed the world is evolving and then look back at home and feel like it has been "2 steps forward, 1 step back" for the last 20 years.
30年前的中国：我们将以欧洲价格的零头，为欧洲企业代工生产。
10年前的中国：我们将造出和欧洲人一样的产品，但这次是为我们自己的企业，价格依然只有欧洲的零头。
10年后的中国：我们将造出客观上比欧洲更好的产品，而价格仍然只是欧洲的零头。
与此同时的欧洲：……
顺带说一句，从经济和社会角度，我大体上是认可欧盟所做的努力的。但看着世界发展的速度，再回头看自己这边，难免会觉得过去20年一直是“前进两步，后退一步”。
bayruss
Bingo. US felt like the most advanced society in the 90s to 2000. What happened in the past 26 years feels like minor improvements for the common folk but huge strides for the elite 1%.
没错。美国在90年代到2000年左右，感觉像是最先进的社会。过去26年里，普通民众只得到了微小的改善，而那1%的精英阶层却取得了巨大的飞跃。
aircarone
Tbf in the past 26 years the technological advancements we experienced completely reshaped society several times so it's a bit hard to judge. Like, back in 2000 computers in households were not yet that common, and my father who was a teacher then had to share computers with his colleagues to prepare exam materials. Since then, computers, high speed internet and smartphones completely changed the way we approach society and information sharing, several times (for better or for worse).
Meanwhile in terms of transportation for example we are still mostly using the same buses/trains/cars and even the EVs are struggling mightily to take off.
The tech sector has been at the forefront of technological advancement for the past 2 decades I feel, and everything else, while still progressing, feels terribly slow in comparison.
说实话，过去26年我们经历的技术进步已经彻底重塑了社会好几次，所以很难简单评判。举个例子，2000年那会儿，家用电脑还没那么普及，我父亲当时是老师，还得和同事共用电脑来准备考试资料。从那以后，电脑、高速互联网和智能手机一再改变了我们参与社会、分享信息的方式（不管是好是坏）。
相比之下，看看交通领域，我们大体上还在使用差不多的公交车、火车和汽车，就连电动汽车的普及也举步维艰。
我觉得，过去20年里，科技行业一直走在技术革新的最前沿，而其他领域虽然也在进步，但对比之下速度慢得离谱
bayruss
Agree internet access and higher end digital devices became prolific but in that same time (2007) Iphones went from frontier technology in the World to second rate technology by 2020.
From an American perspective having access to the best products was the norm until recently. That trend happened slowly as buying power crumbled. The recession. COVID. These events in general hurt the buying power of lower middle class families.
My point isn't that technology advances slowly, but rather it is unevenly distributed.
Even from state to state. I've done a cross country drive and seen the difference in living conditions and general access to goods and services. West Virginia and the Appalachian area have dated building, poor infrastructure, few businesses, and run down homes. While places like NYC or San Francisco look years ahead.
我同意，互联网和高端数字设备确实普及了，但在同一时期（2007 年），iPhone从当年的世界前沿科技，到2020年已经沦为二流技术。
从美国人的角度来看，直到不久前，能用上全世界最好的产品都还是常态。但随着购买力下降，这种趋势在慢慢改变。经济衰退、新冠疫情，这些事件普遍削弱了中低收入家庭的购买力。
我想说的不是技术进步缓慢，而是技术分配极度不均。
甚至州与州之间差距都很大。我曾经自驾横穿美国，亲眼目睹了生活条件、商品和服务普及程度的巨大差异。西弗吉尼亚州和阿巴拉契亚地区建筑老旧、基础设施糟糕、商业稀少、房屋破败；而纽约、旧金山这类城市却看起来领先很多年。
aircarone
My point isn't that technology advances slowly, but rather it is unevenly distributed.
Amen to that. Didn't fully catch what you meant before. It's essentially the same here in Europe, but maybe not as drastic because we aren't as rich as the US to begin with, and our social systems are better so our poorer people aren't doing as badly as in the US (I think at least, I don't have actual data to back this up).
我想说的不是技术进步缓慢，而是技术分配极度不均。
说得太对了。我之前没完全明白你的意思。欧洲这边本质上也是一样的情况，只是可能没那么极端 —— 毕竟我们一开始就没有美国那么富裕，而且我们的社会体系更好，所以穷人的处境不会像美国那么糟糕（至少我是这么认为的，我没有实际数据来支撑这一点）。
DueAnnual3967
Actually EU has now prepared similar rules to ones for China years ago, if they want to build factories in Europe to not have to deal with tarrifs, 51% must belong to local business and they need to share technology
事实上，欧盟现在也出台了和多年前针对中国类似的规定：如果外国企业想在欧洲建厂以避免关税，51%的股份必须归当地企业所有，并且还需要转让技术。
LetMePushTheButton
Western nations can also subsidize their green energy infrastructure and industries - they just need to get their heads out of the asses of the 1% and the billionaire/ donor class.
That would be competitive in the current global market. Banning the sales or tariffing your competitors is not very “free market”. We were told capitalism breeds innovation - is that still true in 2026?
西方国家其实也可以给自己的绿色能源基础设施和产业提供补贴——它们只需要把头从那1%的富豪和亿万富翁/金主阶层的屁股里拔出来就行了。
这才是能在当前全球市场立足的竞争之道。而一味地禁止对手销售或者给竞争对手加关税，根本算不上什么自由市场。我们以前总被灌输资本主义能催生创新，但在2026年的今天，这话听着还特么算数吗？
knotatumah
My biggest takeaway with things like this is that even if China isn't successful in this particular adoption of charging stations they are actively experimenting and figuring out what the market demands of EVs. While everybody else is clinging onto pearls with the old guard in automotive and the slow churn of fossil fuels China is poised to disrupt the entire thing and western auto influence only has themselves to blame. And now more than ever with the Iran war we're reminded of exactly why we wanted to push for renewables and EV in the first place.
Now my perspective is from rural USA where adoption has been slow and painful and not entirely unwarranted. Even if you built charging stations everywhere you could you're not always near a place that, in theory, could have charging stations, your own home included. And resistance is strong because the move to ban gas vehicles as the primary means of forcing adoption is a strong one, was a strong rather. It really shows how stuck in the mud and influential domestic auto production is when their attempts to change and adopt are half-assed at best and the best course of action to defeat that lobby is straight-up ban the use of fossil fuels instead of focusing on incentives and invention.
China is going to demolish most auto manufacturers within the next 50 years or so where only a handful of domestic are going to survive through national protection measures, which will only further fuel their ineptitude and painfully ineffective competition. Maybe it will take 50, maybe not, but however long it feels now it will quickly be hindsight in the grande scheme of things.
我对此类事件最大的感悟是，即便中国在这次充电桩推广上没有完全成功，他们也在积极试错、摸索市场对电动汽车的真实需求。当其他所有人都在守着传统汽车行业的“老规矩”和步履蹒跚的化石燃料行业不放时，中国已准备好颠覆整个格局，而西方的汽车影响力落得如此下场只能怪他们自己。尤其是现在，随着伊朗战争的爆发，我们更应该想起当初我们为什么要拼命推动可再生能源和电动汽车。
现在我换个角度说说。我身处美国农村，那里的（电动车）普及进程缓慢且痛苦，而且这种迟滞并非完全没有道理。即便你在所有可能的地方都建起充电站，你也不一定总能靠近一个理论上可以充电的地方，包括你自己的家。而且由于之前采取了禁售燃油车这种强硬手段来强制普及，导致抵触情绪非常强烈。这真实地反映了国内汽车制造业是多僵化且极具影响力——他们所谓的转型和采纳新技术的尝试充其量只是敷衍了事。要击败这个利益集团，最好的办法本该是直接禁止化石燃料的使用，而不是专注于补贴和技术创新。
在未来50年左右的时间里，中国将瓦解大多数汽车制造商，届时只有少数国内品牌能通过国家保护措施存活下来，而这只会进一步加剧他们的无能和竞争乏力。也许需要50年，也许不需要，但无论现在感觉多么漫长，在宏观的历史进程中，这很快就会变成后见之明。
kraken4dinner
Charging is a real estate business as well. Watch mcdonalds movie.
充电业务本质上也是一门地产生意。去看看那部关于麦当劳的电影就明白了。
Better_Peaches666
Tesla stopped innovating several years ago and they're stuck at 150 to 250 kW.
Now here's BYD coming in to take the rest of their lunch.
特斯拉好几年前就停止了创新，现在还卡在150到250kW的充电功率上原地踏步。
现在比亚迪杀过来了，要把它剩下的饭碗也给端了。
gearpitch
Haven't you heard? Teslas not a car company any more, they're a robotics and ai company. Duh
你没听说吗？特斯拉早就不是什么汽车公司了，人家现在可是搞机器人和人工智能的高科技公司。这都不懂。
Flipslips
Teslas charge up to 500 kW now
在的特斯拉也能充到500kW了好吗
ShadowDV
About 5 years ago on Reddit I said that in 10 years, Tesla would just be an automotive software company. People laughed. I think I’m still on track
大概五年前，我在Reddit上说过，十年后特斯拉会变成一家汽车软件公司。当时人都笑我。我觉得我现在还是挺准的。
RLewis8888
When is the rest of the world going to learn that coal and oil are the way to go?
MAGA, sitting in an Amish restaurant.
这帮人啥时候才能明白，搞来搞去还是煤炭和石油最靠谱呢？
一张坐在阿米什餐厅里的“让美国再次伟大”支持者照片。
Nesman64
You laugh, but the Amish near me are big on solar panels and electric bikes.
你们尽管笑，但我身边的阿米什人现在超爱用太阳能板和电动自行车
DHFranklin
This is deliberately designed to be the nail in the coffin for gas cars. China isn't a petrostate and wants freedom from petrostates. They want to dominate the world where petrostates have no power. They will.
A tank of gas takes you 400 miles or so. This takes you 600+. A fill up takes 5-6 minutes and this takes about the same time.
They want to make sure there aren't any excuses.
With the next generation of solid state or even just sodium batteries we'll see a serious weight reduction in a 500 mile battery. With solar panels becoming dirt cheap and ultralight, we can start seeing solar powered cars become ubiquitous. Little sedans that grandma only drives to church on Sunday literally never seeing a fill station or mechanic for a decade.
这显然是为了给燃油车钉上最后一颗棺材钉而设计的。中国不是石油国家，并且希望摆脱石油国家的束缚。他们想要在一个石油国家失去权力的世界中占据主导地位。他们会做到的。
一箱汽油大约能跑400英里。而这个（电动车/新电池）能跑600英里以上。加满油需要5到6分钟，充电花费的时间也差不多。
他们想确保人们不再有任何借口拒绝电动车。
随着下一代固态电池、甚至仅仅是钠电池的出现，我们将看到500英里续航电池的重量大幅减轻。随着太阳能电池板变得极其廉价且轻便，我们可能会开始看到太阳能汽车变得无处不在。那种给老太太只会在每周日开去教堂的老头乐，字面意义上可能十年都不需要去一次加油站或修理厂。
Eisegetical
It's so obvious but I didn't realize that this is how they 'win' the oil game... By not participating and playing their own game.
Massive infrastructure and tech investment is a lot cheaper than participating in a stupid middle East war.
win a lot of goodwill with the average consumer and directly weaken the oil powers. Crazy.
道理显而易见，但我之前确实没意识到，他们原来是这样在石油博弈中“取胜”的……压根不入局，转而玩一套属于自己的游戏。
投巨资搞基础设施和科技，可比卷入一场愚蠢的中东战争便宜多了
既赢得了普通消费者的极大好感，又直接削弱了石油强权的实力。简直疯狂。
DHFranklin
Sure. We can't put to much malice in mind here though. This is just China seeing their macro economic weakness and strengths over 4 of their last 5 year plans.
China loses tons of cash to keep their internal oil reserves. The Yuan/ Renminbi loses ton of power when it is exchanged for petrodollars. The dollar won't be the worlds reserve currency at least to the degree it's at, if this changes. That is huge for China. China is the number one trade partner for most G20 nations now. The BRICKS pivot away from the dollar and the Atlantic ecosystem is certainly intentional and this is certainly part of that.
So China does what they do best and export things that only China can. It used to be plastic bullshit and aluminum cans, but in the last decade and certainly since COVID it has demonstrated that it's a peer with any of the other nations in high end manufacturing. As the world sees solar and wind have cheaper levelized cost of energy than fossil fuel, China is there to sell it. As they realize that electric cars make more sense for their market, China is now the number one exporter. As the world slowly realizes that those electric cars are actually batteries on wheels, renewables become far more valuable.
So the whole world is going to be solar/wind powered electric cars with an electrified decentralized grid. Oil will only be valuable for industrial applications like plastic. Oil will continue to see fewer and fewer markets for both import and export. Most of the world can only afford to participate in their own petroleum industry when oil is above $80 a barrel or so. Cheaper than that and they lose money moving it.
China will need very little oil and importantly will have a massive trade deficit with nations like Saudi Arabia sitting on light brent crude. China will buy it for the same price America would but critically China would buy 10x as much. When you are the biggest buyer you can start to demand it being bought and sold in your currency.
Thus China becomes the worlds largest economy as America's growth slows.
当然。不过我们对此倒也不必抱有过多的恶意。这仅仅是中国在过去四个五年计划中，认清了自身宏观经济的优劣势后所做的选择。
中国为了维持国内石油储备耗费了巨额资金。当人民币被兑换成石油美元时，其购买力会大幅流失。如果这种情况发生改变，美元将不再能维持其作为世界储备货币的地位（至少无法维持到现在的程度）。这对中国来说意义重大。目前，中国已成为大多数G20国家的第一大贸易伙伴。金砖国家转向脱离美元及大西洋生态系统的做法无疑是有意为之，而这正是该战略其中的一环。
因此，中国发挥其所长，出口只有中国才能提供的产品。以前是塑料垃圾和铝罐，但在过去十年——尤其是自疫情以来——中国已经证明自己在高端制造领域具备了与其他任何国家平起平坐的实力。当世界发现太阳能和风能的平准化能源成本（LCOE）低于化石燃料时，中国就在那里提供这些产品。当人们意识到电动汽车更符合其市场需求时，中国现在已成为第一大出口国。随着世界逐渐意识到这些电动车实际上是“装在轮子上的电池”，可再生能源将变得远比以往更有价值。
所以，整个世界将走向由太阳能/风能驱动、配备去中心化电网的电动汽车时代。石油将仅在塑料等工业应用中保有其价值，其进出口市场将持续萎缩。对于世界上大多数国家而言，只有当油价高于每桶80美元左右时，参与石油工业才有利可图。如果低于这个价格，他们运输石油甚至会亏本。
中国未来对石油的需求将非常小，更重要的是，它将与沙特阿拉伯等坐拥轻质布伦特原油的国家产生巨大的贸易逆差（译者注：此处原文逻辑似有误，应该是贸易顺差，在注释中作出修改，原文直译。后面这句逻辑上应该指的是为了平抑大量顺差，中国需要向沙特等国大量进口石油，如果我的理解有误，欢迎网友指出）。中国会以与美国相同的价格购买石油，但关键在于，中国的购买量将是美国的10倍。当你成为最大的买家时，你就可以开始要求使用自己的货币进行结算。
由此，随着美国增长放缓，中国将成为世界第一大经济体。
Eisegetical
Yup. Agreed. I see no malice in what China is doing. I much prefer their smart pivot away from oil into renewable dominance. I'd much rather tax dollars go toward public infrastructure than bombs
是的，完全同意。我认为中国这么做没有任何恶意。我更欣赏他们这种明智的转型 —— 摆脱石油依赖，转向主导可再生能源。
我宁愿税收用在公共基础设施上，也不愿花在炸弹上。
Kruxx85
To answer your question - this is just a (clever) ploy to deliver more batteries around the world. They are a battery manufacturer first and foremost.
BYD can't get 2,000 1.5MW connections to the different grids around Europe. Not in one year, any way.
But they can plonk down big arse batteries connected to the grid on essentially trickle charge grid connections (and maybe some PV) and discharge those batteries at 1.5MW or thereabouts for 5'minutes at a time.
回答你的问题——这其实只是一个（高明的）策略，目的是为了向全球输出更多的电池。毕竟，他们首先且本质上是一家电池制造商。
比亚迪不可能在一年之内就在欧洲各地的电网中获取2000个1.5兆瓦的接口，无论如何都办不到。
但他们可以简单粗暴地把巨大的电池组接入电网，通过（基本上是涓流充电级别的）电网接入（可能还配有一些光伏），然后以1.5兆瓦左右的功率进行每次5分钟的瞬间放电。
brickmaster32000
It is not really a ploy. That is just how these stations should work. It is actually already how the gas stations work. They don't have a pipeline able to continuously supply the needed gas at any given time. They have a storage tank that they fill when convenient and then discharge it to supply the customer.
这其实算不上什么策略。这本来就是这类充电站应有的运作方式。实际上，现在的加油站就是这么运作的。它们并没有一条能随时持续供应所需燃油的管道，而是有一个储油罐，方便时就把它填满，然后通过它来给顾客加油。
Kruxx85
Well, you're right, but I was just being cute.
It's just good business for BYD, because being a battery manufacturer, they're creating demand, for their own supply of manufactured goods.
I do like the analogy to liquid fuels - perfect.
好吧，你说得对，我刚才只是想卖个关子而已。
这对比亚迪来说确实是极好的生意，因为作为电池制造商，他们这是在为自己的产品创造需求。
我很喜欢你把这比作液体燃料的类比，太贴切了。
doommaster
Their buffer batteries will be tiny in comparison to what is currently in the process of being built across Germany, and possibly other European countries.
相比于目前德国乃至其他欧洲国家正在建设的储能项目，它们的缓冲电池规模将小得多。
hamsterwheelin
And here in the US, our "leaders" are cheering drill baby drill. SMH.
可看看我们美国，所谓的领导人还在那儿欢呼“钻吧钻吧，小宝贝”。真特么无语了。
iceyed913
Guess they will also be installing CCTV and paying for some high grade security services because those fucking cables get cut and stolen all the time. The faster the charger, the more copper in the cable.
我想他们还得安装监控摄像头并支付高级安保服务的费用，因为那些该死的电缆总是被割断偷走。充电器的功率越高，电缆里的铜就越多。
Northern23
And that's why we can't have nice things
这就是为什么我们拥有不了什么好东西的原因。
nagi603
Some countries solved copper theft by shifting the burden of legal sourcing and full lifetime documentation checks to the scrap metal dealers, and also using various dies to mark the infrastructure cables. Once the dealers started going to jail big time, this becomes a vastly smaller issue.
有些国家解决铜缆盗窃问题的办法是：把合法溯源和全生命周期文件核查的责任转移到废品金属回收商身上，并配合使用各种标记来标注基础设施电缆。一旦这些回收商开始因收赃而大规模入狱，这类问题就大幅减少了。
chrisgrou
This is the obvious solution.
这就是显而易见的解决方案。
kirbyderwood
The faster the charger, the more copper in the cable.
It's not a direct correlation.
Higher voltages allow for thinner cables. Active cooling allows for a cable to carry more power as well.
充电速度越快，电缆里的铜就越多。
这并不是直接的正比关系。
更高的电压允许使用更细的电缆。同时，主动冷却技术也能让电缆承载更高的功率。
linjun_halida
It use cooler, not much copper.
它使用了冷却系统，所以并不需要太多的铜。
Sialala
Good luck with that in rural Ireland where even ESB struggles to put 50kW chargers in place.
在爱尔兰的乡下想搞这个？那只能祝你好运吧，那里就连（爱尔兰电力公司）ESB想装个50千瓦的充电桩都费劲。
Own_Tomatillo_1369
I doubt rural Ireland would be their prime target for market expansion..
我猜爱尔兰的乡下应该不在他们市场扩张的首选名单上吧
jordan853
What do you mean? It's one of the big four: Paris, Barcelona, Prague, and rural Ireland.
你这话啥意思？爱尔兰乡下可是“四大”之一啊：巴黎、巴塞罗那、布拉格，外加爱尔兰乡下。
Any-Appearance2471
They’re having meeting after meeting to crack the code on those tens of customers
他们开了一场又一场的会，就为了搞定那区区几十个客户。
linjun_halida
It don't have much requirement for the grid, it has a big battery as buffer. But for rural Ireland they can charge at home, slow but cheap.
它对电网的要求并不高，因为它有一个大储能电池作为缓冲。但对于爱尔兰农村地区的人来说，他们可以在家充电，虽然慢，但很便宜。
Funtacy
Ye...I don't know much about electricity grids and whatnot, but if they manage to have a few of those chargers scattered around the country, they'll certainly win me over as a customer, and that's saying a lot coming from someone who has always been against Chinese products.
嗯…… 我对电网之类的东西不太懂，但如果他们能在全国各处装上一些这样的充电桩，我肯定会成为他们的客户。
要知道，我一直以来都是抵制中国产品的，能说出这话就很能说明问题了。
nagi603
With the new data center buildout, it's not just rural and not just Ireland.
随着新的数据中心不断建设，受影响的不只是爱尔兰农村，也不只是爱尔兰整个国家。
