如果在我们这个时代之前数百万年地球上就存在工业文明，它会留下什么痕迹，今天还能探测到吗?
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World History
By industrial I believe you mean pre-space and are talking about the Industrial revolution era.
So there are several things they would have left behind.
Industrial Pollutants in atmosphere
Any industrial civilisation would have left behind a changed atmosphere. Heavy pollutants and waste products would definitely exist. However this is just an industrial age civilisation we’re talking about. If we look at our own pollution levels, we see that in 19th century, this was all but negligible. Air pollution is not that serious yet, and here we have a civilisation which produces a fraction of what we produce, and the air as a whole has not brought any health issues in most areas of the world.
And this is millions of years ago. So this will not be detectable at all.
Environment Changes
Any civilisation will significantly alter their environment. They will build structures and clear forests. Already humans have changed the world in ways unimaginable making huge changes to the land around us. However, once again, 2 factors come into play which completely nullify this. They are an industrial civilisation. They produce a fraction of our energy, and they have a fraction of our population, and a fractions of our production and change to the environment. Whatever we do, they will be far less so. Even that though, is quite a bit, and in the more densely populated areas, there will be more change. But the 2nd factor, time - millions of years - nullifies this completely. Concrete, one of our most widely used building materials, has an average lifespan of 100 years. Mount Toba’s supervolcano eruption, which reduced Earth’s human population to 30000, was 75000 years ago. And hardly a trace. And millions of years? Not a chance.
我相信你所说的工业化是指前太空时代，是指工业革命时代。
所以有几样东西他们会留下：
#大气中的工业污染物
任何工业文明的存在都会改变大气层，重污染物和废物肯定会存在，然而，如果我们谈论的只是工业文明，我们可以看看我们自己的污染水平，我们会发现在19世纪，这种程度的污染几乎是微不足道的，空气污染还没有那么严重，这期间的工业文明只占到了我们生产产量的一小部分，而且空气作为一个整体在世界大多数地区并没有带来任何健康问题。
所以，如果是几百万年前的事情，这是不会被发现的。
#环境变化
任何文明都会显著改变环境，他们将建造建筑物和清除森林，人类已经以难以想象的方式改变了世界，给我们周围的土地带来了巨大的变化，然而，再一次，有两个因素起了作用，完全抵消了这一点，如果他们是一种工业文明，他们生产的能源只是我们的一小部分，他们的人口也只是我们的一小部分，他们的生产和对环境的改变便也只是我们的一小部分，他们所造成的影响要小得多，当然，即使这样，其影响也相当多了，而且在人口更稠密的地区，将会带来更多的变化，但是，第二个因素，时间——数百万年——完全足以抵消这一点。混凝土，我们最广泛使用的建筑材料之一，其平均寿命为100年，托巴超级火山爆发发生在75000年前，当时地球上的人口只有30000人，其留下的痕迹几乎消失了，如果是数百万年前呢？更没可能留下多少痕迹。
By industrial I believe you mean pre-space and are talking about the Industrial revolution era.
So there are several things they would have left behind.
Industrial Pollutants in atmosphere
Any industrial civilisation would have left behind a changed atmosphere. Heavy pollutants and waste products would definitely exist. However this is just an industrial age civilisation we’re talking about. If we look at our own pollution levels, we see that in 19th century, this was all but negligible. Air pollution is not that serious yet, and here we have a civilisation which produces a fraction of what we produce, and the air as a whole has not brought any health issues in most areas of the world.
And this is millions of years ago. So this will not be detectable at all.
Environment Changes
Any civilisation will significantly alter their environment. They will build structures and clear forests. Already humans have changed the world in ways unimaginable making huge changes to the land around us. However, once again, 2 factors come into play which completely nullify this. They are an industrial civilisation. They produce a fraction of our energy, and they have a fraction of our population, and a fractions of our production and change to the environment. Whatever we do, they will be far less so. Even that though, is quite a bit, and in the more densely populated areas, there will be more change. But the 2nd factor, time - millions of years - nullifies this completely. Concrete, one of our most widely used building materials, has an average lifespan of 100 years. Mount Toba’s supervolcano eruption, which reduced Earth’s human population to 30000, was 75000 years ago. And hardly a trace. And millions of years? Not a chance.
我相信你所说的工业化是指前太空时代，是指工业革命时代。
所以有几样东西他们会留下：
#大气中的工业污染物
任何工业文明的存在都会改变大气层，重污染物和废物肯定会存在，然而，如果我们谈论的只是工业文明，我们可以看看我们自己的污染水平，我们会发现在19世纪，这种程度的污染几乎是微不足道的，空气污染还没有那么严重，这期间的工业文明只占到了我们生产产量的一小部分，而且空气作为一个整体在世界大多数地区并没有带来任何健康问题。
所以，如果是几百万年前的事情，这是不会被发现的。
#环境变化
任何文明都会显著改变环境，他们将建造建筑物和清除森林，人类已经以难以想象的方式改变了世界，给我们周围的土地带来了巨大的变化，然而，再一次，有两个因素起了作用，完全抵消了这一点，如果他们是一种工业文明，他们生产的能源只是我们的一小部分，他们的人口也只是我们的一小部分，他们的生产和对环境的改变便也只是我们的一小部分，他们所造成的影响要小得多，当然，即使这样，其影响也相当多了，而且在人口更稠密的地区，将会带来更多的变化，但是，第二个因素，时间——数百万年——完全足以抵消这一点。混凝土，我们最广泛使用的建筑材料之一，其平均寿命为100年，托巴超级火山爆发发生在75000年前，当时地球上的人口只有30000人，其留下的痕迹几乎消失了，如果是数百万年前呢？更没可能留下多少痕迹。
Different/less resources from extraction
Even now we really haven’t used much of the Earth’s resources. Our deepest hole is 12 km. As someone once said, if the Earth was an apple, we wouldn’t have even pricked its skin. And that hole was for Science. Remeber this is an indsutrial civilisation, much less power-consuming than us. And there are millions of years as well. By then oil and all these resources will surely be replenished. We probably won’t even notice a major difference if they weren’t!
Fossils
This actually has a chance. If the population was widespread enough, we might eventually find a fossil or two. But no trace of that industrial civilisation. At all.
Disappearance of Species
It is hard enough to identify all the dinosaurs there are. There would be hundreds of thousands if not more. We probably will never notice the disappearance of those species that this civilisation drove into extinction. We don’t even know they exist!
Conclusion
1 million years is too much for an industrial civilisation to still make a mark. Never mind many millions. There will be almost no trace of them, and what effects we do find, we will likely not attribute it to them, but something else.
#发掘不同/较少的资源
即使是现在，我们也真的没有使用多少地球上的资源，我们钻探出来最深的洞也仅仅12公里，正如有人曾经说过的那样，如果地球是一个苹果，我们甚至都还没有刺破它的皮肤，而且那个洞还是用于科学研究的，请记住，如果它是一个工业文明，那么它比我们所消耗的能源要少得多，何况时间还是数百万年前，石油和所有其它资源一定会得到补充，我们甚至可能甚至不会注意到其间有什么大的区别！
#化石
这其实是有机会留下痕迹的，如果种群足够广泛，我们最终可能会发现一两块化石，但是不会有那个工业文明的痕迹，完全不会有。
#物种消失
要识别所有的恐龙已经很困难了，曾经存在的恐龙可能高达数十万种，我们可能永远也不会注意到那些被这种文明逼到灭绝边缘的物种的消失，我们甚至不知道它们的存在！
#总结
对于一个工业文明来说，100万年的时间太长了，更不用说数百万年了，它们几乎不会留下任何痕迹，而且即使我们发现了什么痕迹和影响，我们很可能也不会归因于它们，而是归因于别的什么东西。
Even now we really haven’t used much of the Earth’s resources. Our deepest hole is 12 km. As someone once said, if the Earth was an apple, we wouldn’t have even pricked its skin. And that hole was for Science. Remeber this is an indsutrial civilisation, much less power-consuming than us. And there are millions of years as well. By then oil and all these resources will surely be replenished. We probably won’t even notice a major difference if they weren’t!
Fossils
This actually has a chance. If the population was widespread enough, we might eventually find a fossil or two. But no trace of that industrial civilisation. At all.
Disappearance of Species
It is hard enough to identify all the dinosaurs there are. There would be hundreds of thousands if not more. We probably will never notice the disappearance of those species that this civilisation drove into extinction. We don’t even know they exist!
Conclusion
1 million years is too much for an industrial civilisation to still make a mark. Never mind many millions. There will be almost no trace of them, and what effects we do find, we will likely not attribute it to them, but something else.
#发掘不同/较少的资源
即使是现在，我们也真的没有使用多少地球上的资源，我们钻探出来最深的洞也仅仅12公里，正如有人曾经说过的那样，如果地球是一个苹果，我们甚至都还没有刺破它的皮肤，而且那个洞还是用于科学研究的，请记住，如果它是一个工业文明，那么它比我们所消耗的能源要少得多，何况时间还是数百万年前，石油和所有其它资源一定会得到补充，我们甚至可能甚至不会注意到其间有什么大的区别！
#化石
这其实是有机会留下痕迹的，如果种群足够广泛，我们最终可能会发现一两块化石，但是不会有那个工业文明的痕迹，完全不会有。
#物种消失
要识别所有的恐龙已经很困难了，曾经存在的恐龙可能高达数十万种，我们可能永远也不会注意到那些被这种文明逼到灭绝边缘的物种的消失，我们甚至不知道它们的存在！
#总结
对于一个工业文明来说，100万年的时间太长了，更不用说数百万年了，它们几乎不会留下任何痕迹，而且即使我们发现了什么痕迹和影响，我们很可能也不会归因于它们，而是归因于别的什么东西。
Michael Burke
It kind of depends on how industrial they were. We’ve already put a layer of industrial dust around the planet that will be seen in things like ices cores long into the future.
We've also extracted most of the resources like oil, coal, it would look strange to scientist in the future if stuff just wasn’t were you'd expect it to be.
We’ve dug holes deep underground that will only really be erased by continental shifts. We've done lots of major infrastructure like canals and islands.
We’ve done so much in so many places that some stuff is bound to survive in some shape or form.
If the civilisation was able to go into space then we should be able to see they’re space junk. Without space junk it means the civilisation probably never made it past the industrial age. Which kind of implies they never got advanced enough to wipe themselves out.
这取决于他们的工业化程度，我们的地球周围已经满是工业粉尘，在未来很长一段时间里，这些尘埃将会出现在冰冰核等事物中。
我们也已经开采了大部分资源，如石油、煤炭，如果这些东西未能出现在你期望的地方，未来的科学家们会觉得很奇怪。
我们在地底深处挖了一些洞，这些洞只有在大陆移动时才会真正被抹去，我们也建造了很多重要的基础设施，如运河和人工岛屿。
我们做了这么多事情，有些东西一定会以某种形式存留下来。
如果该文明能够进入太空，那么我们应该能够看到他们的太空垃圾，如果没有太空垃圾，那就意味着该文明可能从来没有度过工业时代，这就意味着他们从未先进到足以消灭自己。
It kind of depends on how industrial they were. We’ve already put a layer of industrial dust around the planet that will be seen in things like ices cores long into the future.
We've also extracted most of the resources like oil, coal, it would look strange to scientist in the future if stuff just wasn’t were you'd expect it to be.
We’ve dug holes deep underground that will only really be erased by continental shifts. We've done lots of major infrastructure like canals and islands.
We’ve done so much in so many places that some stuff is bound to survive in some shape or form.
If the civilisation was able to go into space then we should be able to see they’re space junk. Without space junk it means the civilisation probably never made it past the industrial age. Which kind of implies they never got advanced enough to wipe themselves out.
这取决于他们的工业化程度，我们的地球周围已经满是工业粉尘，在未来很长一段时间里，这些尘埃将会出现在冰冰核等事物中。
我们也已经开采了大部分资源，如石油、煤炭，如果这些东西未能出现在你期望的地方，未来的科学家们会觉得很奇怪。
我们在地底深处挖了一些洞，这些洞只有在大陆移动时才会真正被抹去，我们也建造了很多重要的基础设施，如运河和人工岛屿。
我们做了这么多事情，有些东西一定会以某种形式存留下来。
如果该文明能够进入太空，那么我们应该能够看到他们的太空垃圾，如果没有太空垃圾，那就意味着该文明可能从来没有度过工业时代，这就意味着他们从未先进到足以消灭自己。
Carl Wyant
This is a question that comes up whenever people postulate some mystical pre-existing highly-technical “super-civilization” did all sorts of things: like levitating pyramid blocks or similar feats.
Evidence of a truly advanced industrial civilization would have left traces of purified and refined metals (steel (not iron or magnetite) as well as other alloy-types not found naturally).
Iron deposits worldwide, for example, do not have trace-amounts of manganese, chromium, vanadium, silicon, nickel, copper, and others that would be required to get the strength and characteristics needed to SUPPORT (pun intended) advanced structures.
Likewise Aluminum would likely have alloying elements (copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, manganese and lithium) that are not found in or around deposits of bauxite—the common ore of aluminum.
Copper is another material that an advanced technical civilization would be expected to use—because of its versatility and usefulness in a wide range of applications. Copper has the OPPOSITE property: copper for electrical or electronics use is necessarily nearly pure (99.995+ % Cu) WITHOUT the other materials (sulphur, iron, carbon and oxygen).
Believers in the concept of a previous technically-advanced civilization hedge-their-bet by positing that some ceramic-based technical materials might have served at the base of a civilization. However, high-temperature fired ceramics (+- 1800 degrees C) have NOT been found anywhere, while the remains of any ceramics found at any archeologic sites are specifically low-temperature fired pottery.
The bottom line is: there just is not the required evidence—which there WOULD BE—if any million-year-old technical civilization had existed.
And there are no bone deposits, burial sites or ruins that would indicate civilization(s) from that time either. It appears the hypothesis lacks sufficient evidence to be considered anything other than a wistful belief in mysticism.
每当人们推测某些神秘的、先前存在的、高科技的“超级文明”做了各种各样的事情时，这个问题就会出现：比如悬浮的金字塔块或类似的壮举。
一个真正先进的工业文明的证据会留下纯化和精炼金属的痕迹（钢（不是铁或磁铁矿）以及其他自然界中没有的合金）。
例如，全世界的铁矿床都没有锰、铬、钒、硅、镍、铜以及其它微量元素，而这些元素是支撑先进结构所需的强度和特性所必需的。
同样，铝中也可能含有合金元素（铜、锌、镁、硅、锰和锂），而这些元素在铝土矿——常见的铝矿石中或周围都没有发现。
铜是另一种先进技术文明有望使用的材料——因为它应用广泛，具有多种功能性和实用性，铜具有相反的特性：用于电气或电子用途的铜必须几近于纯铜（99.995+%铜），不包含其他元素（硫、铁、碳和氧）。
相信史前先进文明概念的人认为，一些以陶瓷为基础的技术材料可能在文明的基础上发挥作用，然而，现今发现的任何地方都没有出现高温烧制的陶瓷（+-1800摄氏度），而在考古遗址发现的任何陶瓷遗迹都属于低温烧制陶器。
很明显：如果存在一个百万年前的技术文明，其所需的证据是缺乏，真有这样的文明，一定会留下证据。
而且，也没有任何化石沉积物、埋葬地或废墟可以证明那个时代存在文明，由此可见，这个假说缺乏足够的证据，仅仅是对神秘主义的一种渴望、信仰。
This is a question that comes up whenever people postulate some mystical pre-existing highly-technical “super-civilization” did all sorts of things: like levitating pyramid blocks or similar feats.
Evidence of a truly advanced industrial civilization would have left traces of purified and refined metals (steel (not iron or magnetite) as well as other alloy-types not found naturally).
Iron deposits worldwide, for example, do not have trace-amounts of manganese, chromium, vanadium, silicon, nickel, copper, and others that would be required to get the strength and characteristics needed to SUPPORT (pun intended) advanced structures.
Likewise Aluminum would likely have alloying elements (copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, manganese and lithium) that are not found in or around deposits of bauxite—the common ore of aluminum.
Copper is another material that an advanced technical civilization would be expected to use—because of its versatility and usefulness in a wide range of applications. Copper has the OPPOSITE property: copper for electrical or electronics use is necessarily nearly pure (99.995+ % Cu) WITHOUT the other materials (sulphur, iron, carbon and oxygen).
Believers in the concept of a previous technically-advanced civilization hedge-their-bet by positing that some ceramic-based technical materials might have served at the base of a civilization. However, high-temperature fired ceramics (+- 1800 degrees C) have NOT been found anywhere, while the remains of any ceramics found at any archeologic sites are specifically low-temperature fired pottery.
The bottom line is: there just is not the required evidence—which there WOULD BE—if any million-year-old technical civilization had existed.
And there are no bone deposits, burial sites or ruins that would indicate civilization(s) from that time either. It appears the hypothesis lacks sufficient evidence to be considered anything other than a wistful belief in mysticism.
每当人们推测某些神秘的、先前存在的、高科技的“超级文明”做了各种各样的事情时，这个问题就会出现：比如悬浮的金字塔块或类似的壮举。
一个真正先进的工业文明的证据会留下纯化和精炼金属的痕迹（钢（不是铁或磁铁矿）以及其他自然界中没有的合金）。
例如，全世界的铁矿床都没有锰、铬、钒、硅、镍、铜以及其它微量元素，而这些元素是支撑先进结构所需的强度和特性所必需的。
同样，铝中也可能含有合金元素（铜、锌、镁、硅、锰和锂），而这些元素在铝土矿——常见的铝矿石中或周围都没有发现。
铜是另一种先进技术文明有望使用的材料——因为它应用广泛，具有多种功能性和实用性，铜具有相反的特性：用于电气或电子用途的铜必须几近于纯铜（99.995+%铜），不包含其他元素（硫、铁、碳和氧）。
相信史前先进文明概念的人认为，一些以陶瓷为基础的技术材料可能在文明的基础上发挥作用，然而，现今发现的任何地方都没有出现高温烧制的陶瓷（+-1800摄氏度），而在考古遗址发现的任何陶瓷遗迹都属于低温烧制陶器。
很明显：如果存在一个百万年前的技术文明，其所需的证据是缺乏，真有这样的文明，一定会留下证据。
而且，也没有任何化石沉积物、埋葬地或废墟可以证明那个时代存在文明，由此可见，这个假说缺乏足够的证据，仅仅是对神秘主义的一种渴望、信仰。
Michael Keefer
For millions of years the only traces likely to be noticeable would be pockets of super high concentration of metallic ores and strange pockets of complex carbons that are unlikely to be made by living organisms.
数百万年来，唯一可能被注意到的痕迹是一些超高纯度的金属矿石和一些奇怪的复杂碳化物，这些都是不太可能由生物体制造的。
For millions of years the only traces likely to be noticeable would be pockets of super high concentration of metallic ores and strange pockets of complex carbons that are unlikely to be made by living organisms.
数百万年来，唯一可能被注意到的痕迹是一些超高纯度的金属矿石和一些奇怪的复杂碳化物，这些都是不太可能由生物体制造的。
Paul Ross
If we can find Dinosaur bones, all over 65 million years old, we would certainly have no trouble in finding remnants of those putative civilizations. Remember, humans are on Earth only 200,000 years or so, so it would have to be another species.
如果我们能找到恐龙化石（它们的年龄都超过了6500万年），那么我们肯定也能毫不费力地找到这些假定文明的遗迹。
记住，人类在地球上只有20万年左右的历史，所以这种文明如果存在必须得是另一个物种（创建的）。
If we can find Dinosaur bones, all over 65 million years old, we would certainly have no trouble in finding remnants of those putative civilizations. Remember, humans are on Earth only 200,000 years or so, so it would have to be another species.
如果我们能找到恐龙化石（它们的年龄都超过了6500万年），那么我们肯定也能毫不费力地找到这些假定文明的遗迹。
记住，人类在地球上只有20万年左右的历史，所以这种文明如果存在必须得是另一个物种（创建的）。
Lyapunova Elizaveta
While much would be completely gone because of the length of time involved, look at examples of what we can find from millions of years ago.
We can find bones, changes caused to the earth by digging, imprints from bones, leaves, flowers, insects, fossilized obxts, records of the composition of the air, pollutants and residues dropped through the air or water, etc. No level of industrial civilization could have existed without leaving vast traces that we could easily find, as easy as traces of dinosaurs having existed.Now, what might be interesting is to consider if a civilization similar to the early stages of the ancient Summerians or Egyptians might have begun during the last ice age near the ocean and because of the vast flooding which may have suddenly risen the ocean levels by 50 feet around the world that first civilization was wiped out, but the remains are under 30 to 50 feet of water and yet to be discovered because of that.
That could then have led to myths about Atlantis and the various Great Flood myths.
由于所涉及的时间太长，很多东西可能已经完全消失了，不妨看看我们能从数百万年前发现的例子。
我们可以找到骨头、通过挖掘引起的土壤变化、骸骨、树叶、花朵、昆虫、化石、空气成分的记录、空气或水中的污染物和残留物，等等，任何工业文明的存在都会留下我们能够轻易找到的大量痕迹，就像曾经存在过恐龙的痕迹一样。
现在，一个可能很有趣的考虑是，是否有一个类似于古夏（朝）人或古埃及人早期阶段的文明可能在最后一个冰河时代靠近海洋的地方开始发迹，由于巨大的洪水使世界各地的海平面突然上升了50英尺，第一个文明被摧毁了，但遗迹在30到50英尺的水下，因此尚未被发现。
这可能导致了关于亚特兰蒂斯和各种大洪水的神话。
While much would be completely gone because of the length of time involved, look at examples of what we can find from millions of years ago.
We can find bones, changes caused to the earth by digging, imprints from bones, leaves, flowers, insects, fossilized obxts, records of the composition of the air, pollutants and residues dropped through the air or water, etc. No level of industrial civilization could have existed without leaving vast traces that we could easily find, as easy as traces of dinosaurs having existed.Now, what might be interesting is to consider if a civilization similar to the early stages of the ancient Summerians or Egyptians might have begun during the last ice age near the ocean and because of the vast flooding which may have suddenly risen the ocean levels by 50 feet around the world that first civilization was wiped out, but the remains are under 30 to 50 feet of water and yet to be discovered because of that.
That could then have led to myths about Atlantis and the various Great Flood myths.
由于所涉及的时间太长，很多东西可能已经完全消失了，不妨看看我们能从数百万年前发现的例子。
我们可以找到骨头、通过挖掘引起的土壤变化、骸骨、树叶、花朵、昆虫、化石、空气成分的记录、空气或水中的污染物和残留物，等等，任何工业文明的存在都会留下我们能够轻易找到的大量痕迹，就像曾经存在过恐龙的痕迹一样。
现在，一个可能很有趣的考虑是，是否有一个类似于古夏（朝）人或古埃及人早期阶段的文明可能在最后一个冰河时代靠近海洋的地方开始发迹，由于巨大的洪水使世界各地的海平面突然上升了50英尺，第一个文明被摧毁了，但遗迹在30到50英尺的水下，因此尚未被发现。
这可能导致了关于亚特兰蒂斯和各种大洪水的神话。
Anders Rehnberg
It would 100% sure have been detected.
We detect animals living 500 million years ago, a couple of million is absolutely no problem to detect, and if it was industrial it would be spread out over the globe and extra easy to detect.
100%肯定会被探测到。
我们能探测到了5亿年前的动物，发现几百万年前的文明遗迹是绝对没有问题的，如果它是工业化的，它就会分布于全球各地，更容易被探测到。
It would 100% sure have been detected.
We detect animals living 500 million years ago, a couple of million is absolutely no problem to detect, and if it was industrial it would be spread out over the globe and extra easy to detect.
100%肯定会被探测到。
我们能探测到了5亿年前的动物，发现几百万年前的文明遗迹是绝对没有问题的，如果它是工业化的，它就会分布于全球各地，更容易被探测到。
Rufus Delorian
If they were similar to us, I'd expect the vast majority of their stuff to be destroyed over that timefrx.
My guess would be that the only obvious stuff that might survive would be massive mines in tectonically stable areas.
There'd probably be things that would turn up on closer inspection though…cities and landfills would make weird layers in rocks and there might be evidence of atmospheric changes in deep ice cores…though I'm not sure if they'd last that long. They might have left stuff on the moon, I assume that would survive.
如果他们与我们相似，我预计他们的绝大多数东西都会在这一时间框架内被摧毁。
我的猜测是，唯一可能幸存下来的又很明显的东西会是部分地理构造稳定地区的大型矿山。
不过，可能会有一些东西经仔细检查能够被发现......城市和垃圾填埋场会在岩石中形成奇怪的岩层，深层冰核中可能有大气变化的证据......不过我不确定它们是否会持续那么久，他们还可能在月球上留下了东西，我想这些东西会留存下来。
If they were similar to us, I'd expect the vast majority of their stuff to be destroyed over that timefrx.
My guess would be that the only obvious stuff that might survive would be massive mines in tectonically stable areas.
There'd probably be things that would turn up on closer inspection though…cities and landfills would make weird layers in rocks and there might be evidence of atmospheric changes in deep ice cores…though I'm not sure if they'd last that long. They might have left stuff on the moon, I assume that would survive.
如果他们与我们相似，我预计他们的绝大多数东西都会在这一时间框架内被摧毁。
我的猜测是，唯一可能幸存下来的又很明显的东西会是部分地理构造稳定地区的大型矿山。
不过，可能会有一些东西经仔细检查能够被发现......城市和垃圾填埋场会在岩石中形成奇怪的岩层，深层冰核中可能有大气变化的证据......不过我不确定它们是否会持续那么久，他们还可能在月球上留下了东西，我想这些东西会留存下来。
Edward Lewis
An industrial civilization would be likely to explore their planet and in exploring the planet, there would likely be clues somewhere. We don’t have evidence of every dinosaur, in fact, the preserved and identified dinosaur bones are probably a tiny fraction, much less than 1% of all the Dinos that ever lived, but that tiny fraction that was preserved in ideal conditions, is enough that we know a lot. We’ve identified numerous species over millions of years.
A large, and spread out industrial civilization would have likely left clues, however, a less advanced . . . lets say, Egyptian level civilization with buildings and cities, but localized, such a theoretical historic civilization could potentially be buried if the continent they were on has since subducted. It’s possible that a civilization, millions of years ago, left no visible trace that we can find. Even something under the ice in Greenland might still be there, but currently undetectable.
一个工业文明可能会探索他们的星球，在探索星球的过程中，很可能会在某些地方留下线索。
我们无法获得证明每种恐龙存在的证据，事实上，保存下来并被确认的恐龙化石可能也只是很小的一部分，远远低于所有曾经生活过的恐龙的1%，但这一小部分在理想条件下保存下来的恐龙化石，足以让我们知道很多，我们已经确定了数百万年来的众多物种。
一个大型的、分散的工业文明很可能会留下线索，然而，一个不太先进的......比方说，埃及那样的文明，有建筑和城市，但只是局部的，如果这样一个理论上的历史文明所在的大陆已经消亡，它可能会被埋葬，几百万年前的文明有可能无法留下我们可以发现的明显痕迹，即使是格陵兰岛冰层下某些东西可能仍然存在，但目前也无法探测到。
An industrial civilization would be likely to explore their planet and in exploring the planet, there would likely be clues somewhere. We don’t have evidence of every dinosaur, in fact, the preserved and identified dinosaur bones are probably a tiny fraction, much less than 1% of all the Dinos that ever lived, but that tiny fraction that was preserved in ideal conditions, is enough that we know a lot. We’ve identified numerous species over millions of years.
A large, and spread out industrial civilization would have likely left clues, however, a less advanced . . . lets say, Egyptian level civilization with buildings and cities, but localized, such a theoretical historic civilization could potentially be buried if the continent they were on has since subducted. It’s possible that a civilization, millions of years ago, left no visible trace that we can find. Even something under the ice in Greenland might still be there, but currently undetectable.
一个工业文明可能会探索他们的星球，在探索星球的过程中，很可能会在某些地方留下线索。
我们无法获得证明每种恐龙存在的证据，事实上，保存下来并被确认的恐龙化石可能也只是很小的一部分，远远低于所有曾经生活过的恐龙的1%，但这一小部分在理想条件下保存下来的恐龙化石，足以让我们知道很多，我们已经确定了数百万年来的众多物种。
一个大型的、分散的工业文明很可能会留下线索，然而，一个不太先进的......比方说，埃及那样的文明，有建筑和城市，但只是局部的，如果这样一个理论上的历史文明所在的大陆已经消亡，它可能会被埋葬，几百万年前的文明有可能无法留下我们可以发现的明显痕迹，即使是格陵兰岛冰层下某些东西可能仍然存在，但目前也无法探测到。
Viktor T. Toth
In fact, if we were tasked with removing all traces of our existence from the Earth, we just could not do it. Let me list a few examples why.
Let’s start with the atmosphere. Beyond CO2, there are a great many other pollutants as a result of human, industrial activity. Even if these disappear over time from the atmosphere proper, they will leave their mark in everything, from layers of sediments to polar ice or even trees. Even millions of years from now, our past presence would be evident to anyone with access to our level of science and technology; they’d just need to examine an antarctic ice core sample or the fossilized remains of a tree.
Same thing for the oceans, made even worse by things like non-degradable plastics. Even millions of years from now, oceanic sediments could be examined, and our presence in the past would be revealed.
Human activity already led to a mass extinction comparable to that caused by geological upheavals in the past. These, too, will show up unambiguously in the fossil record. There is a reason why some people advocate that in the past ten thousand years, a new epoch started in the geological and ecological history of the Earth, which they call the Anthropocene. Yes, human impact is that significant.
Our nuclear activity also leaves a lasting legacy. Even if you ignore the hyping of the dangers of nuclear waste , spent fuel and other nuclear waste will have recognizable signatures, never mind millions, even billions of years from now, just as we know that billions of years ago, a natural nuclear reactor with a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction existed near Oklo, in present-day Gabon.
事实上，假如有这么一项任务：将我们存在的所有痕迹从地球上清除，我们是做不到的。
让我列举几个例子说明原因。
我们从大气层开始，大气种除了二氧化碳，还有许多其他的污染物，都是人类工业活动的结果，即使这些污染物随着时间的推移从大气层中消失，它们也会在一切事物中留下痕迹，从沉积物层到极地冰层甚至是树木，即使在几百万年后也不会磨灭，过去的存在对任何拥有我们的科学和技术水平的人来说都是显而易见的，我们只需要检查一下南极冰芯样本或树木的化石便可知悉。
海洋的情况也是如此，像不可降解的塑料这样的东西使情况变得更糟，即使是几百万年后，海洋沉积物也可以被检查出来，而我们在过去的存在将被揭示。
人类活动导致了大规模的灭绝，与过去的地质动荡造成的灭绝相当，这些也会毫不含糊地显示在化石记录中，有人主张在过去的一万年里，地球的地质和生态历史开始了一个新的纪元，他们称之为 "人类纪元"，这是有原因的，是的，人类的影响就有这么大。
我们的核活动也留下了持久的遗存，即使你忽略了对核废料危险性的渲染，用过的燃料和其他核废料依然具有可识别的特征，不用说几百万年，哪怕几十亿年以后依然可以检测出来，比如我们今天就知道在数十亿年前，今加蓬的奥克洛附近存在一个自我维持的天然核反应堆。
In fact, if we were tasked with removing all traces of our existence from the Earth, we just could not do it. Let me list a few examples why.
Let’s start with the atmosphere. Beyond CO2, there are a great many other pollutants as a result of human, industrial activity. Even if these disappear over time from the atmosphere proper, they will leave their mark in everything, from layers of sediments to polar ice or even trees. Even millions of years from now, our past presence would be evident to anyone with access to our level of science and technology; they’d just need to examine an antarctic ice core sample or the fossilized remains of a tree.
Same thing for the oceans, made even worse by things like non-degradable plastics. Even millions of years from now, oceanic sediments could be examined, and our presence in the past would be revealed.
Human activity already led to a mass extinction comparable to that caused by geological upheavals in the past. These, too, will show up unambiguously in the fossil record. There is a reason why some people advocate that in the past ten thousand years, a new epoch started in the geological and ecological history of the Earth, which they call the Anthropocene. Yes, human impact is that significant.
Our nuclear activity also leaves a lasting legacy. Even if you ignore the hyping of the dangers of nuclear waste , spent fuel and other nuclear waste will have recognizable signatures, never mind millions, even billions of years from now, just as we know that billions of years ago, a natural nuclear reactor with a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction existed near Oklo, in present-day Gabon.
事实上，假如有这么一项任务：将我们存在的所有痕迹从地球上清除，我们是做不到的。
让我列举几个例子说明原因。
我们从大气层开始，大气种除了二氧化碳，还有许多其他的污染物，都是人类工业活动的结果，即使这些污染物随着时间的推移从大气层中消失，它们也会在一切事物中留下痕迹，从沉积物层到极地冰层甚至是树木，即使在几百万年后也不会磨灭，过去的存在对任何拥有我们的科学和技术水平的人来说都是显而易见的，我们只需要检查一下南极冰芯样本或树木的化石便可知悉。
海洋的情况也是如此，像不可降解的塑料这样的东西使情况变得更糟，即使是几百万年后，海洋沉积物也可以被检查出来，而我们在过去的存在将被揭示。
人类活动导致了大规模的灭绝，与过去的地质动荡造成的灭绝相当，这些也会毫不含糊地显示在化石记录中，有人主张在过去的一万年里，地球的地质和生态历史开始了一个新的纪元，他们称之为 "人类纪元"，这是有原因的，是的，人类的影响就有这么大。
我们的核活动也留下了持久的遗存，即使你忽略了对核废料危险性的渲染，用过的燃料和其他核废料依然具有可识别的特征，不用说几百万年，哪怕几十亿年以后依然可以检测出来，比如我们今天就知道在数十亿年前，今加蓬的奥克洛附近存在一个自我维持的天然核反应堆。
Then what about all the raw materials that we used? Depleted oil fields, depleted mineral deposits… it wouldn’t take long, I think, for a trained geologist or mining engineer to understand what happened.
And sure, our artifacts will likely have disappeared from the surface of the Earth… millions of years are enough for the sturdiest building or pyramid to crumble, for the mightiest machine to rust away (though not necessarily for small bits of non-degradable plastic to vanish.) But what about… outer space?
Satellites in low Earth orbit won’t last very long due to atmospheric drag, but many of those higher up are in orbits that are stable for millions of years. A future civilization at our level of technology, actively monitoring space junk to avoid satellite collisions, would find these in short order. And then what about our landing sites on the Moon? Six manned expeditions, two unmanned Soviet rovers (and, almost forgot, a smaller, more recent Chinese rover — sorry, Yutu!) and several other landers all over the place. These will likely remain undisturbed for millions of years, the equipment slowly degrading under a continuous bombardment of UV light and charged particles from the Sun and also cosmic rays, but mostly surviving in recognizable form over geological timescales. They may not be easy to find (they are small; the Moon is big) but they can be identified even from photographs taken from lunar orbit.
那么，我们使用的各种原材料呢？枯竭的油田，枯竭的矿藏......我想，对于一个训练有素的地质学家或采矿工程师来说，不需要很长时间就能弄明白发生了什么。
当然，我们的人工制成品很可能已经从地球表面消失了......数百万年的时间足以让最坚固的建筑或金字塔崩溃，让最强大的机器生锈（虽然不一定能让小块的不可降解的塑料消失）， 但是，外太空呢？
由于大气阻力，低地球轨道上的卫星不会持续很长时间，但许多更高的卫星在轨道上是稳定的，可以持续数百万年，积极监测太空垃圾以避免卫星碰撞的未来文明，会在短时间内发现这些。然后，我们在月球上的登陆点呢？六次载人探险，两次无人驾驶的苏联漫游车（还有，差点忘了，还有一个较小的、较新的中国漫游车--对不起，是“玉兔”号!）和其他几个着陆点都在，这些设备可能会在数百万年内不受干扰，在持续不断的紫外线、来自太阳的带电粒子以及宇宙射线的轰击下，设备会慢慢退化，但大多数设备在地质时间尺度上以可辨认的形式存留下来，它们可能不容易找到（它们很小，月球很大），但至少可以从月球轨道上拍摄的照片中识别出来。
And sure, our artifacts will likely have disappeared from the surface of the Earth… millions of years are enough for the sturdiest building or pyramid to crumble, for the mightiest machine to rust away (though not necessarily for small bits of non-degradable plastic to vanish.) But what about… outer space?
Satellites in low Earth orbit won’t last very long due to atmospheric drag, but many of those higher up are in orbits that are stable for millions of years. A future civilization at our level of technology, actively monitoring space junk to avoid satellite collisions, would find these in short order. And then what about our landing sites on the Moon? Six manned expeditions, two unmanned Soviet rovers (and, almost forgot, a smaller, more recent Chinese rover — sorry, Yutu!) and several other landers all over the place. These will likely remain undisturbed for millions of years, the equipment slowly degrading under a continuous bombardment of UV light and charged particles from the Sun and also cosmic rays, but mostly surviving in recognizable form over geological timescales. They may not be easy to find (they are small; the Moon is big) but they can be identified even from photographs taken from lunar orbit.
那么，我们使用的各种原材料呢？枯竭的油田，枯竭的矿藏......我想，对于一个训练有素的地质学家或采矿工程师来说，不需要很长时间就能弄明白发生了什么。
当然，我们的人工制成品很可能已经从地球表面消失了......数百万年的时间足以让最坚固的建筑或金字塔崩溃，让最强大的机器生锈（虽然不一定能让小块的不可降解的塑料消失）， 但是，外太空呢？
由于大气阻力，低地球轨道上的卫星不会持续很长时间，但许多更高的卫星在轨道上是稳定的，可以持续数百万年，积极监测太空垃圾以避免卫星碰撞的未来文明，会在短时间内发现这些。然后，我们在月球上的登陆点呢？六次载人探险，两次无人驾驶的苏联漫游车（还有，差点忘了，还有一个较小的、较新的中国漫游车--对不起，是“玉兔”号!）和其他几个着陆点都在，这些设备可能会在数百万年内不受干扰，在持续不断的紫外线、来自太阳的带电粒子以及宇宙射线的轰击下，设备会慢慢退化，但大多数设备在地质时间尺度上以可辨认的形式存留下来，它们可能不容易找到（它们很小，月球很大），但至少可以从月球轨道上拍摄的照片中识别出来。
Tom Charde
Many of these arguments are based on the false assumption that this hypothetical ancient civilization originated on Earth.
If you assume that they evolved from single cell organisms to intelligent beings all on the same planet, and that their technologies must have advanced the same way that ours did (ie, fire > electricity > atom splitting), then sure — there may be evidence of that progression left over in Earth’s geological and archeological records. (Though this also assumes that the evidence couldn’t have been cataclysmically erased by asteroid bombardment, nuclear decimation, etc.)
But if the civilization originated elsewhere, and then established a colony on Earth, there’s no telling what their terrestrial “footprint” would look like. So we can’t simply say “If someone was here, we would have found sidewalks and rebar in the ground by now.”
Just look at what we’re planning to do on Mars. Colonists’ habitats will consist of either lightweight, modular dome structures — or no structures at all (because they’ll be in underground lava tubes, caves, etc.)
许多答主的论点都是基于一个错误的假设，即这个假想的古代文明起源于地球。
如果你假设他们在同一个星球上从单细胞生物进化到了智慧生物，并且他们的技术一定和我们的技术一样发展（即火>电>核），那么当然——地球的地质和考古记录中可能有这种发展的证据。( 尽管这也假设这些证据不可能被小行星轰炸、核毁灭等灾难抹去）
但是，如果该文明起源于其他地方，然后在地球上建立了殖民地，我们就不会知道他们的陆地 "足迹 "是什么样子，所以我们不能简单地说 "如果这里有过文明，我们现在就会在地上发现人行道和钢筋"。
看看我们在火星上的计划就知道了，火星殖民者的栖息地将由轻量级、模块化的圆顶结构组成——或者根本没有结构(因为它们位于地下的熔岩隧道、洞穴等等地方）。
Many of these arguments are based on the false assumption that this hypothetical ancient civilization originated on Earth.
If you assume that they evolved from single cell organisms to intelligent beings all on the same planet, and that their technologies must have advanced the same way that ours did (ie, fire > electricity > atom splitting), then sure — there may be evidence of that progression left over in Earth’s geological and archeological records. (Though this also assumes that the evidence couldn’t have been cataclysmically erased by asteroid bombardment, nuclear decimation, etc.)
But if the civilization originated elsewhere, and then established a colony on Earth, there’s no telling what their terrestrial “footprint” would look like. So we can’t simply say “If someone was here, we would have found sidewalks and rebar in the ground by now.”
Just look at what we’re planning to do on Mars. Colonists’ habitats will consist of either lightweight, modular dome structures — or no structures at all (because they’ll be in underground lava tubes, caves, etc.)
许多答主的论点都是基于一个错误的假设，即这个假想的古代文明起源于地球。
如果你假设他们在同一个星球上从单细胞生物进化到了智慧生物，并且他们的技术一定和我们的技术一样发展（即火>电>核），那么当然——地球的地质和考古记录中可能有这种发展的证据。( 尽管这也假设这些证据不可能被小行星轰炸、核毁灭等灾难抹去）
但是，如果该文明起源于其他地方，然后在地球上建立了殖民地，我们就不会知道他们的陆地 "足迹 "是什么样子，所以我们不能简单地说 "如果这里有过文明，我们现在就会在地上发现人行道和钢筋"。
看看我们在火星上的计划就知道了，火星殖民者的栖息地将由轻量级、模块化的圆顶结构组成——或者根本没有结构(因为它们位于地下的熔岩隧道、洞穴等等地方）。
Eddie Cejvan
The problem with your hypothesis is the stipulation that the civilization would be like ours.
Like how Viktor T. Toth explains it, it is technically impossible that a civ like ours was around back then. There would be traces left. Which is to say, if we were somehow wiped out today, a million years from now there would be evidence we were here.
But if we remove your stipulation, and wonder about the possibility of another Type 0.7 - 0.8 civilization existing a million years ago, one that unlike us is in perfect harmony with its surroundings and does not shape its environment to suit its needs, but rather the opposite; kind of what Frederick Mikkelsen wrote about. Then it is technically possible, but still highly unlikely.
Why highly unlikely? Look at all the life this planet has borne. Most of it has left a mark without even reaching a level that qualifies as civilization. This hypothetical civilization would have to have been hell bent on deliberately removing all traces of its existence. That would be a feat in itself, but it also goes against a common definer of civilization: Recording.
你所假设的问题是设定该文明将像我们一样。
就像楼上 Viktor T. Toth 解释的那样，理论上来说，像我们这样的文明在当时是不可能的，如果存在就一定会有痕迹留下，也就是说，如果我们今天以某种方式被消灭了，一百万年后还会有我们存在的证据。
但是，如果我们去掉你的设定，想一想一百万年前存在另一种0.7-0.8型文明的可能性，这种文明与我们不同，它与周围的环境完全和谐，不塑造环境来满足它的需要，而是相反，有点像弗雷德里克-米克尔森写的那样，那么它在理论上是有这种可能性——但仍然是极不可能的，为什么极不可能？看看这个星球所孕育的生命，它们中的大多数甚至没有达到文明的水平，也都留下了痕迹，这个假想的文明将不得不一心一意地故意消除其存在的所有痕迹，这本身就是一个不可思议之举，也违背了文明的一个常见定义：记录。
The problem with your hypothesis is the stipulation that the civilization would be like ours.
Like how Viktor T. Toth explains it, it is technically impossible that a civ like ours was around back then. There would be traces left. Which is to say, if we were somehow wiped out today, a million years from now there would be evidence we were here.
But if we remove your stipulation, and wonder about the possibility of another Type 0.7 - 0.8 civilization existing a million years ago, one that unlike us is in perfect harmony with its surroundings and does not shape its environment to suit its needs, but rather the opposite; kind of what Frederick Mikkelsen wrote about. Then it is technically possible, but still highly unlikely.
Why highly unlikely? Look at all the life this planet has borne. Most of it has left a mark without even reaching a level that qualifies as civilization. This hypothetical civilization would have to have been hell bent on deliberately removing all traces of its existence. That would be a feat in itself, but it also goes against a common definer of civilization: Recording.
你所假设的问题是设定该文明将像我们一样。
就像楼上 Viktor T. Toth 解释的那样，理论上来说，像我们这样的文明在当时是不可能的，如果存在就一定会有痕迹留下，也就是说，如果我们今天以某种方式被消灭了，一百万年后还会有我们存在的证据。
但是，如果我们去掉你的设定，想一想一百万年前存在另一种0.7-0.8型文明的可能性，这种文明与我们不同，它与周围的环境完全和谐，不塑造环境来满足它的需要，而是相反，有点像弗雷德里克-米克尔森写的那样，那么它在理论上是有这种可能性——但仍然是极不可能的，为什么极不可能？看看这个星球所孕育的生命，它们中的大多数甚至没有达到文明的水平，也都留下了痕迹，这个假想的文明将不得不一心一意地故意消除其存在的所有痕迹，这本身就是一个不可思议之举，也违背了文明的一个常见定义：记录。
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