蒙大拿核导弹基地发现致癌物质,数百例癌症报告浮出水面
2023-08-11 大号儿童 4728
正文翻译

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Air Force has detected unsafe levels of a likely carcinogen at underground launch control centers at a Montana nuclear missile base where a striking number of men and women have reported cancer diagnoses.

华盛顿(美联社)——美国空军在蒙大拿核导弹基地的地下发射控制中心检测到一种可能致癌物质的不安全浓度,而在该基地,有大量男性和女性报告了癌症诊断。

A new cleanup effort has been ordered.
The discovery “is the first from an extensive sampling of active U.S. intercontinental ballistic missile bases to address specific cancer concerns raised by missile community members,” Air Force Global Strike Command said in a release Monday. In those samples, two launch facilities at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana showed PCB levels higher than the thresholds recommended by the Environmental Protection Agency.
PCBs are oily or waxy substances that have been identified as a likely carcinogen by the EPA. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a blood cancer that uses the body’s infection-fighting lymph system to spread.
In response, Gen. Thomas Bussiere, commander of Air Force Global Strike Command, has directed “immediate measures to begin the cleanup process for the affected facilities and mitigate exposure by our airmen and Guardians to potentially hazardous conditions.”

一项新的清理工作已经下令进行
美国空军全球打击司令部在周一发布的一份声明中表示,这一发现“是对美国广泛采样的活跃大陆间弹道导弹基地进行特定癌症关切问题的首次回应,这些关切是导弹群体成员提出的。”在这些样本中,蒙大拿州马尔姆斯特罗姆空军基地的两个发射设施显示的多氯联苯(PCBs)水平超过了美国环境保护局建议的阈值。
PCBs是一种被美国环境保护局确定为可能致癌物的油状或蜡状物质。非霍奇金淋巴瘤是一种利用人体的感染防御淋巴系统传播的血液癌症。
作为回应,美国空军全球打击司令部指挥官托马斯·布西耶尔将“立即采取措施开始清理受影响设施并减轻我们的空军人员和守护者对潜在危险条件的暴露”。
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After a military briefing was obtained by The Associated Press in January showing that at least nine current or former missileers at Malmstrom were diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a rare blood cancer, the Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine launched a study to look at cancers among the entire missile community checking for the possibility of clusters of the disease.
And there could be hundreds more cancers of all types, based on new data from a grassroots group of former missile launch officers and their surviving family members.

在1月份,美联社获取了一份军事简报,显示至少有九名驻扎在马尔姆斯特罗姆的现役或退役导弹员被诊断患有非霍奇金淋巴瘤,这是一种罕见的血液癌症。为了研究导弹群体中癌症的可能聚集情况,美国空军航空航天医学院展开了一项研究。
根据一组外部组织的数据,这些数据来自一群前导弹发射官及其生存的家属,可能还有数百例其他类型的癌症病例。

According to the Torchlight Initiative, at least 268 troops who served at nuclear missile sites, or their surviving family members, have self-reported being diagnosed with cancer, blood diseases or other illnesses over the past several decades.
At least 217 of those reported cases are cancers, at least 33 of them non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

根据“ TORCHLIGHT研究”组织的数据,过去几十年中,至少有268名驻扎在核导弹基地服役的军人或其生存的家属自我报告被诊断出患有癌症、血液疾病或其他疾病。
其中至少有217例是癌症,至少有33例是非霍奇金淋巴瘤。

What's notable about those reported numbers is that the missileer community is very small. Only a few hundred airmen serve as missileers at each of the country's three silo-launched Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile bases any given year. There have been only about 21,000 missileers in total since the Minuteman operations began in the early 1960s, according to the Torchlight Initiative.

这些报告的数字值得注意的是,导弹员社区规模非常小。每年在美国三个洲际导弹井发射的“Minuteman III”洲际导弹基地中,只有几百名空军人员担任导弹员。根据“TORCHLIGHT研究”组织的数据,自从上世纪60年代初开始进行“Minuteman”任务以来,总共只有大约21,000名导弹员。
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For some context, in the U.S. general population there are about 403 new cancer cases reported per 100,000 people each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma affects an estimated 19 of every 100,000 people annually, according to the American Cancer Society.
Minutemen III silo fields are based at Malmstrom, F.E. Warren Air Force Base in Wyoming and Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota.

为了提供一些背景信息,根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据,在美国一般人口中,每年报告大约有每10万人中403例新的癌症病例,而根据美国癌症协会的数据,非霍奇金淋巴瘤每年影响到每10万人中约19人。
“Minuteman III”洲际导弹井分别位于蒙大拿州的马尔姆斯特罗姆、怀俄明州的F·E·沃伦空军基地和北达科他州的迈诺特空军基地。
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Missileers are male and female military officers who serve in underground launch control centers where they are responsible for monitoring, and if needed, launching fields of silo-based nuclear weapons. Two missileers spend sometimes days at a time on watch in underground bunkers, ready to turn the key and fire Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missiles if ordered to do so by the president.
The Minuteman III silos and underground control centers were built more than 60 years ago. Much of the electronics and infrastructure is decades old. Missileers have raised health concerns multiple times over the years about ventilation, water quality and potential toxins they cannot avoid as they spend 24 to 48 hours on duty underground.

导弹员是男性和女性军官,他们在地下发射控制中心工作,负责监视并在需要时发射基于井式核武器的领域。两名导弹员有时会连续几天在地下掩体中值班,准备好根据总统的指令转动钥匙并发射“Minuteman III”洲际弹道导弹。
“Minuteman III”洲际导弹井和地下控制中心建造已有60多年历史。许多电子设备和基础设施都有几十年的历史。多年来,导弹员多次提出了健康问题,包括通风、水质和他们无法避免的潜在毒素,在地下执勤期间他们会持续24到48小时。

The Air Force discovery of PCBs occurred as part of site visits by its bioenvironmental team from June 22 to June 29 in the Air Force's ongoing larger investigation into the number of cancers reported among the missile community. During the site visits a health assessment team collected water, soil, air and surface samples from each of the missile launch facilities.
At Malmstrom, of the 300 surface swipe samples, 21 detected PCBs. Of those, 19 were below levels set by the EPA requiring mitigation and two were above. No PCBs were detected in any of the 30 air samples. The Air Force is still waiting for test results from F.E. Warren and Minot for surface and air samples, and for all bases for the water and soil samples.

空军在对导弹人员社群中报告的癌症数量进行调查时,于6月22日至6月29日期间,其生物环境团队进行了现场访问,并发现了PCB(多氯联苯)的存在。在这些现场访问中,健康评估团队从每个导弹发射设施收集了水、土壤、空气和表面样本。
在蒙納雷尔空军基地,经过300个表面擦拭样本的测试,发现21个样本含有PCB。其中,19个样本的PCB含量低于美国环境保护局(EPA)设定的需要采取措施的标准,而有2个样本的PCB含量超过了该标准。在30个空气样本中未检测到任何PCB。目前,空军仍在等待F.E.沃伦和迈诺基地的表面和空气样本的检测结果,以及所有基地的水和土壤样本的检测结果。

评论翻译
Ralph
Em... I worked on the refit of both the silos and LCC's back in the 70s.
Part of what we were doing is removing items (transformers, etc) that had PCB cooling oils and replacing them with ones that didn't.
1) So old leaks what were not cleaned up.
2) Items that there not identified and not replaced
3) Items that were later installed containing PCB

嗯,我在70年代参与了导弹发射井和发射控制中心的改装工作。我们的工作之一是清除含有PCB冷却油的设备(变压器等),并用不含PCB的替代品进行更换。
1)因此,旧的泄漏物没有被清理干净。
2)未识别和未更换的设备。
3)后来安装的含有PCB的设备。

Jack
I served THREE tours of duty on ICBM launch crews between 1963 -1984 at Fairchild (Atlas), Malmstrom (Minuteman) and F.E. Warren (Minuteman) because I like it. Had bladder cancer in my 40s, in remission ever since. I'm 82. One of the lucky ones, I guess.

我在1963年至1984年期间在Fairchild(Atlas)、Malmstrom(Minuteman)和F.E. Warren(Minuteman)的洲际弹道导弹发射队担任了三次任务,因为我喜欢这个工作。我四十多岁时得了膀胱癌,目前已经缓解。我现在82岁了,我想我算是幸运的一个。

StopCensorship
I was in the USAF in the 90s and served at bases that had high PCBs. I developed health issues likely from it, non cancerous. The VA denied my claims despite me showing clear lixs. This is how our govt treats its vets.

我在90年代在美国空军服役,所在的基地有高含量的PCB。我因此出现了健康问题,虽然不是癌症。尽管我能明确显示与PCB有关,但退伍军人事务部拒绝了我的索赔。这就是我们政府对待退伍军人的方式。
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Dixon
Isn't this hilarious? The Marine base with cancer causing chemicals in the drinking water, that were in the water for at least 30 years, how? The missile silos were built in the 1960's and they are only discovering the toxins now? Where the heck is the quality control testing that is required in the civilian community, but seems to be lacking in the military. Why are the military people treated like they do not matter? This wasting of our military lives is unacceptable. One would think we would value them more, if for no other reason, than they are fellow Americans.

这不是很荒谬吗?海军基地的饮用水中含有致癌化学物质,这些化学物质至少存在了30年,怎么可能?导弹发射井是在20世纪60年代建造的,现在才发现其中的毒素?民用社区中所需的质量控制测试在军队中怎么会缺失?为什么军队人员被对待得如此不值一提?浪费我们的军队生命是不能接受的。人们会认为,即使出于其他原因,我们也应该更珍视他们,因为他们是同胞。

liliac
The government does not care and waited until now, decades later, to reveal this to reduce the amount of money pain for medical expenses and lawyer seattlments. In Nevada the soil is contaminated from nuclear tests. In up state New York, the Manhatten project left areas full of radiation. Do you really think they care. No...

政府对此毫不关心,直到几十年后的今天才披露此事,以减少医疗费用和律师费的支出。 在内华达州,土壤受到核试验的污染。 在纽约州北部,曼哈顿项目留下了充满辐射的地区。 你真的认为他们会在乎吗? 不...
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Sandy
Remember the dioxin dumped into the empty canals by Monsanto near Niagra Falls. They filled up the canals and built housing + a school over it. Years later many children and adults came down with various cancers who lived in this community. It took a housewife & mother who had lost her child to cancer to demand accountability and bring this to congress. To this day the whole area is condemned, and the old houses still stand.

还记得曼氏托(Monsanto)在尼亚加拉瀑布附近的空运河中倾倒的二恶英吗?他们填满了运河,并在其上建造了住房和学校。多年后,许多生活在这个社区的儿童和成年人患上了各种癌症。一个失去孩子的家庭主妇要求追究责任,并将此事提交给国会。直到今天,整个地区都被宣布为不宜居住区域,旧房子仍然矗立着。
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Keith
Just another example of military leadership choosing to remain ignorant or outright deny the neglect and abuse of their troops. Agent orange, asbestos, toxic water at Camp Lejeune, and now this. And who foots the bill? Not the generals who turned their heads and looked the other way. We, the taxpayers pay the price of their neglect, and the affected personnel unnecessarily pay with their lives.

这只是军方领导选择保持无知或直接否认对部队的忽视和虐待的又一个例子。橙剂、石棉、勒琼营地的有毒水源,现在又出现了这个问题。而谁来承担费用呢?不是那些掉过头继续假装看不见的将军们。我们,纳税人为他们的忽视付出代价,而受影响的人员则不必要地以生命为代价。

Jho
My favorite brother in law has been diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. It is likely caused from his exposure to agent orange in the war. Veteran's Administration gave them the denial and run around so bad that they would not even give them an address to their office to file their information (or whatever). Turns out, they finally called someone that told them it was located in an old arts center- unmarked. They got there a few minutes late and basically had to escort the person back up the elevator into the office to do paperwork. He is dying quickly and they kept wanting them to do things over and give them the run-around. Shame on our government.

我最喜欢的姐夫被诊断出患有晚期脑癌。很可能是在战争中接触到橙剂导致的。退伍军人事务局给了他们拒绝和推诿,甚至不愿提供他们提交信息的办公地址(或其他)。结果他们最后打电话给某个人,告诉他们办公室位于一个没有标志的旧艺术中心。他们到达时已经晚了几分钟,基本上必须陪同那个人一起乘电梯回到办公室办理手续。他的病情迅速恶化,而他们却一直想让他们重新做事情并推诿责任。我们政府真可耻。

b'Lakay
PCBs have nothing to do with radiation - as a matter of fact, gamma radiation has been shown to reduce the bad effects of PCBs. Therefore it is not related to the nuclear missiles - but with something else - such as poor ventilation for cleaning products, or other chemicals.

PCB与辐射无关,事实上,伽马辐射已经被证明可以减轻PCB的不良影响。因此,它与核导弹无关,而是与其他因素有关,比如清洁产品的通风不良或其他化学品。

Aberdeen Billy
Every large utility has or had PCB (oil or solid) used as an insulator, yes modern brand new no longer uses PCB to insulate, but millions are still in use. I have one on my backyard power pole 1965 approx. If you see a transformer burn/explode? the black smoke is the most hazardous re PCB exposure. Contained and no leak? it's safe....similar to asbestos.

每个大型公共事业公司都使用或曾经使用PCB(油或固体)作为绝缘材料,是的,现在的新设备不再使用PCB进行绝缘,但仍然有数百万台正在使用。我在后院的电线杆上就有一个大约是1965年的设备。如果你看到变压器燃烧/爆炸,黑烟是PCB暴露最危险的表现。如果密封且没有泄漏,是安全的...类似于石棉。

Daniel
before everyone gets excited... PCB do not come from nukes. PCB, TCE, MTBE, Benzene, Toluene, Pesticides like Chlordane, ddT, roundup and many others come from typical facility operations. Private and Public... I am not familiar specifically with PCB aeroclores and speciation nor of the pathology due to them. What I can tell you is that the military is very concerned about all contaminants and will do the right thing to identify the source and causes of the cancers.

在大家激动之前... PCB不是来自核武器。PCB、TCE、MTBE、苯、甲苯、像氯丹、滴滴涕、草甘膦等许多农药,是典型设施运营中产生的。私人和公共场所都有...我对PCB气相色谱和分类以及其引发的病理不太了解。但我可以告诉你,军方非常关注所有污染物,并将做正确的事情来确定癌症的来源和原因。
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Kim
I worked at a Nuclear Site in Ohio, why is anybody surprised, this is what happens, and yes, I had non-Hodgkin lymphoma and yes, the Cancer rate in our area is sky high and yes many many coworkers are fighting cancer or unfortunately have passed. DOE seems to try and down play lots of this. O well, the cat is out of the bag and we all understand around our area our communities have been sacrificed. Prayers for all the Nuclear Workers.

我在俄亥俄州的一个核设施工作过,为什么有人感到惊讶,这就是发生的事情,是的,我患有非霍奇金淋巴瘤,是的,我们地区的癌症率很高,是的,许多同事正在与癌症抗争,或不幸地去世了。能源部似乎试图淡化很多这些问题。哦,好吧,现在大家都明白了,在我们地区,我们的社区已经被牺牲了。为所有核工作者祈祷。

MJ
Yet those who claim to love the military so much are the same ones who have rendered (and continue to render) the EPA toothless. If you really care about the military, strengthen the EPA. Allow it to protect our servicemembers, their family members, and our civilians.

然而,那些声称如此热爱军队的人却是那些削弱(并继续削弱)美国环境保护署的人。如果你真的关心军队,请加强环保署。让它保护我们的军人、他们的家属和我们的平民。

John
Ever been in a VA hospital for treatment? Want trainees to work on you? American has never cared much for soldiers and veterans. We even had to pay the NFL to have our troops on TV! It is all hyped to make people feel OK.

你去过一家退伍军人医院接受治疗吗?想让实习生为你服务吗?美国从来都不太关心军人和退伍军人。我们甚至不得不向美国国家橄榄球联盟支付费用,让我们的军队在电视上露面!这只是为了让人们感觉好一点的炒作。
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william
It seems our decision makers are the worst enemies. Go back to aspestos,exposure to nuclear tests in nevada agent orange,burn sites at military bases,depleted uranium rounds and a series of shots in the persian gulf, now missle silos and nukes it never ends and the military never stops trying to deny responsibility.Marines I served with in the 50s who had exposure in Nevada have been dying from radiation,and to many of my young friends from vietnam died from agent orange exposure as did some of their children from cancers. And now they look for more wars to get into. Nothing ever changes. You have to believe they disregarded safety concerns for their greater concerns. The marines blownup in the Afghan pull out because they could not get autorization to shoot the bomber while in was in a snipers sights show this isnt your grandfathers military and it is more interested in drag queens and diversity than protecting troops no wonder recruiting is down our kids are getting smarter.

看起来我们的决策者是最糟糕的敌人。回顾一下石棉、内华达的核试验暴露、橙剂、军事基地的燃烧场、贫铀弹和在波斯湾接种的一系列疫苗,永无止境。军方从来不停止否认责任。我在50年代和一起服役的海军陆战队员,在内华达接触过辐射而死亡,我年轻的越南朋友中有太多人因为接触橙剂而丧生,他们的一些孩子也因癌症而去世。现在他们还在寻找更多的战争。没有任何事物会发生改变。你必须相信他们忽视了安全问题,把更大的关注放在其他地方。在阿富汗撤军时,由于他们无法获得授权在狙击手视线中射杀袭击者,导致海军陆战队员丧生,这表明这已经不是你祖父的军队了,他们更关注变装皇后和多样性,而不是保护士兵,难怪招募工作不顺利,我们的孩子变聪明了。

Ivan
In many wars, disease has killed more than combat. Our military adds to that risk with their common excuse to ignore environmental concerns: the mission comes first. Reckless & arrogant.

在很多战争中,疾病造成的死亡人数超过了战斗本身。我们的军队通过他们常用的借口忽视环境问题,增加了这种风险:任务至上。轻率和傲慢。

KEN
These airmen have sacrificed their health, and some of them their lives, for us. Sad, because this was without informed consent. I'm sure they never dreamed they might catch cancer from their military service. Awful.

这些空军士兵为我们牺牲了他们的健康,一些人甚至为此丧生,令人悲伤,因为这是没有知情同意的。我相信他们从未想到他们可能因为服役而患上癌症。太可怕了。
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Woy
Yet no one seems to understand why no one wants to sign up for the military. Politicians use up the citizens and spit them out. They vote themselves huge salaries (for life) and get the very best medical care (for life). Kinda explains why they keep dividing us solely to get elected, don’t you think? America the beautiful…for the 1%. Freedom? A great big carrot that none of us will ever touch. Nothing about this country is “free”. Every piece of land is owned. Every penny controlled. We are taxed to death, while they steal us blind. Why do we have a military budget 4 times higher than any country on earth?

然而,没有人似乎理解为什么没人愿意参军。政客们耗尽公民的力量然后抛弃他们。他们给自己投票获得巨额薪水(终身),享受最好的医疗保健(终身)。这解释了为什么他们一直在将我们分裂开来就为了当选,你不觉得吗?美国,美丽的国家...只适用于百分之一的人。自由?一个我们永远无法触及的美好幻想。这个国家没有一点是"自由"的。每一块土地都被占有,每一分财富都被控制。我们被税收压得喘不过气来,而他们则悄悄窃取我们的财富。为什么我们的军事预算比全球任何一个国家高出4倍?

Wolf man 57
I am a Veteran & have Leukemia. I was diagnosed 13 years ago. My VA doctor kept sending my blood tests for uation 20 years ago. Now, several of my VA Doctors have left the VA health care system. Now treated by a Nurse Practioner. My Leukocytes are under control with oral chemo. I wonder where & when I was exposed. My Dad & I were both Firefighters. We worked with toxic carcinogenic exposure. My daughter had Cancer during pregnancy with no idea how she may have been exposed. Sad day when in training. We were told that AFFF & other toxins we used to do our jobs were safe.

我是一名退伍军人,患有白血病。我在13年前被诊断出来。我VA(退伍军人事务部)的医生20年前一直在送我的血液检测进行评估。如今,我的一些VA医生已经离开了VA医疗系统。现在由一名执业护士进行治疗。我的白细胞通过口服化疗得到控制。我想知道在哪里,何时接触到了致癌物。我和父亲都是消防员。我们接触了有毒的致癌物质。我女儿在怀孕期间患了癌症,完全不知道她可能是如何接触到的。在训练中得知这个消息真是令人伤心。我们被告知我们用来完成工作的AFFF(消防泡沫)和其他有毒物质是安全的。

David
After seeing how they government (DOD and Military Branch's) covered up the Camp LeJeune water contamination for over 40 years this is no surprise. The only conclusion I draw is our military is expendable in peace and war. I just do not see how they could not have known this for decades! In that situation I have not heard of one single person who was involved in that cover up who has gone to jail for charges of fraud and negligent homicide.

在看到国防部和军队多年来对栋霞基地水污染案进行掩盖后,我对此不感到惊讶。我唯一能得出的结论是,在和平与战争中,我们的军队是可以牺牲的。我只是想不通他们多年来怎么可能不知道这个!在那种情况下,我没有听说有一个涉及这次掩盖的人因欺诈和过失杀人罪而入狱。

Throw More Decoys
This is another example of a global military problem with toxic substances.
Military ordinance since the industrial revolution has been mostly made from hazardous materials put together in combinations that are designed to kill human beings.
Working near the stuff is therefor bound to hurt, harm, and destroy human tissue.
Given our tendency to store, use, and dump hazmat on military bases, almost all military bases on the planet today are toxic to the soldiers stationed there.
As with most toxic waste, there is really no safe place to transport the stuff to - so contaminated military bases are likely to remain toxic in perpetuity.

这是全球军事问题中另一个与有毒物质有关的例子。
自工业革命以来,军事装备大部分都由危险物质组成,这些物质的组合旨在杀死人类。
在这些物质附近工作必定会对人体造成伤害和破坏。
鉴于我们存储、使用和倾倒军事基地上的危险废物的倾向,几乎所有当今的军事基地对驻扎在那里的士兵都是有毒的。
与大多数有毒废物一样,真正没有安全的地方将这些物质运送到,因此受污染的军事基地可能会持续毒害下去。

Stephen
You were exposed to many unknowns while in all branches of the military. I could respond to almost every TV commercial class action lawsuit out there. Exposed to AFF, worked in a shipyard, in the Navy ,worked in the construction trades, worked in powerhouses(nuclear and coal burning) and around lead paint.

你在各个军种中接触到了许多未知因素。我可以对几乎所有的电视商业诉讼案进行回应。接触过AFF,在船厂工作,在海军中工作,在建筑行业工作,在核电站和燃煤厂周围工作,接触过含铅油漆。

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