如果中国和法国从未征服越南，那么越南会是什么样子（例如，文化、语言等）？
正文翻译
评论翻译
Tim Tran
It could’ve gone two different ways: Indianization (Thailand, Laos, Cambodia) or Sinicization (Japan, Korea).
这可能有两种不同的发展方向：印度化（泰国、老挝、柬埔寨）或汉化（日本、韩国）。
It could’ve gone two different ways: Indianization (Thailand, Laos, Cambodia) or Sinicization (Japan, Korea).
这可能有两种不同的发展方向：印度化（泰国、老挝、柬埔寨）或汉化（日本、韩国）。
Without Chinese occupation, Vietnamese might have been influenced by the southern Indianized kingdoms became Indianized itself, and Champa wouldn’t have been wiped out. In later periods, it might’ve been Islamized by Maritime Southeast Asia just like Champa, or it could’ve stayed Indianized like other Mainland Southeast Asia, sharing cultural heritage with Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.
Language-wise, majority of loanwords would have been from Indic languages, and their scxt would’ve long been the phonetic abugida scxt, sharing similarities and origin with Thai, Lao, and Cambodian languages.
如果没有中国的占领，越南可能会受到南印度化王国的影响，变得印度化，且占婆（Champa）也不会被消灭。在后来的时期，它可能会像占婆一样被东南亚海洋地区的伊斯兰化，或者可能保持印度化，像其他大陆东南亚国家一样，与泰国、老挝和柬埔寨共享文化遗产。
在语言方面，大多数外来词会来自印度语言，其文字系统很可能早已成为音节字母文字，与泰语、老挝语和柬埔寨语有相似性和共同起源。
Language-wise, majority of loanwords would have been from Indic languages, and their scxt would’ve long been the phonetic abugida scxt, sharing similarities and origin with Thai, Lao, and Cambodian languages.
如果没有中国的占领，越南可能会受到南印度化王国的影响，变得印度化，且占婆（Champa）也不会被消灭。在后来的时期，它可能会像占婆一样被东南亚海洋地区的伊斯兰化，或者可能保持印度化，像其他大陆东南亚国家一样，与泰国、老挝和柬埔寨共享文化遗产。
在语言方面，大多数外来词会来自印度语言，其文字系统很可能早已成为音节字母文字，与泰语、老挝语和柬埔寨语有相似性和共同起源。
However, it could’ve also been Sinicized either way. Several Đông Sơn drums created before Chinese occupation in northern Vietnam were found with Chinese characters on them. This could’ve meant that Vietnam, whether it was conquered or not, was on the verge of willing Sinicization like Korea and Japan. Therefore, it might’ve just ended up like today, but has less similarities with China (since it wasn’t occupied, the influence wouldn’t have been huge, and Vietnam would’ve retained a lot more of its original culture, such as tattoos and hair-cutting).
然而，无论如何，越南也有可能会被汉化。中国占领之前在越南北部发现的几块东山鼓上刻有汉字。这可能意味着无论越南是否被征服，都像韩国和日本一样处于愿意汉化的边缘。因此，越南最终可能会和今天一样，但与中国的相似性会较少（因为没有被占领，影响不会那么大，越南会保留更多原有文化，例如纹身和剪发）。
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然而，无论如何，越南也有可能会被汉化。中国占领之前在越南北部发现的几块东山鼓上刻有汉字。这可能意味着无论越南是否被征服，都像韩国和日本一样处于愿意汉化的边缘。因此，越南最终可能会和今天一样，但与中国的相似性会较少（因为没有被占领，影响不会那么大，越南会保留更多原有文化，例如纹身和剪发）。
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Language-wise majority of loanwords would still be from Sinitic languages, just not as much as now. Without French colonialization, Vietnam would’ve still retained its Sinitic writing system, and at the dawn of Westernization that favored widespread literacy, would’ve standardized chữ Nôm completely, allowing mass education.
在语言方面，大多数外来词仍会来自汉语，只是没有现在那么多。如果没有法国殖民统治，越南仍会保留其汉字书写系统，在西方化的曙光中，优先推动广泛识字，可能会完全规范化“喃字”，实现大规模教育。
在语言方面，大多数外来词仍会来自汉语，只是没有现在那么多。如果没有法国殖民统治，越南仍会保留其汉字书写系统，在西方化的曙光中，优先推动广泛识字，可能会完全规范化“喃字”，实现大规模教育。
Quang Nguyen
The only thing prevent Khmer empire to conquere Vietnam was because it was ruled by China at that time. So if China did not conquer Vietnam then Khmer would do.
阻止高棉帝国征服越南的唯一原因是当时越南被中国统治。所以如果中国没有征服越南，高棉就会征服越南。
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The only thing prevent Khmer empire to conquere Vietnam was because it was ruled by China at that time. So if China did not conquer Vietnam then Khmer would do.
阻止高棉帝国征服越南的唯一原因是当时越南被中国统治。所以如果中国没有征服越南，高棉就会征服越南。
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Khang Nhat
Champa will always be wiped out since they were sandwiched between vietnam and khmer. one of them will eat it eventually.
secondly, champa followed Hinduism, not Islam.
占婆最终会被消灭，因为它被越南和高棉夹在中间。迟早其中一个会吞并它。其次，占婆信奉的是印度教，而不是伊斯兰教。
Champa will always be wiped out since they were sandwiched between vietnam and khmer. one of them will eat it eventually.
secondly, champa followed Hinduism, not Islam.
占婆最终会被消灭，因为它被越南和高棉夹在中间。迟早其中一个会吞并它。其次，占婆信奉的是印度教，而不是伊斯兰教。
Shyam Kumar
To be fair, they offended both the Khmers and the Dai Viet. They should’ve left either one alone.
公平地说，他们得罪了高棉和大越。他们应该留下一方，而另一个则不打扰。
To be fair, they offended both the Khmers and the Dai Viet. They should’ve left either one alone.
公平地说，他们得罪了高棉和大越。他们应该留下一方，而另一个则不打扰。
Zinserhöhung
After Champa was conquered by North Vietnam, many of them fled overseas, a few thousands fled to nearby Hainan Island in China, and they are now Chinese citizens while still keep their religion, language and culture.
在占婆被北越征服后，许多人逃往海外，一些人逃到了中国附近的海南岛，现在他们是中国公民，同时保持着他们的宗教、语言和文化。
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After Champa was conquered by North Vietnam, many of them fled overseas, a few thousands fled to nearby Hainan Island in China, and they are now Chinese citizens while still keep their religion, language and culture.
在占婆被北越征服后，许多人逃往海外，一些人逃到了中国附近的海南岛，现在他们是中国公民，同时保持着他们的宗教、语言和文化。
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Shyam Kumar
Sinicization I believe would have happened either case. The elites were influenced by China. I doubt that would have changed.
我相信无论如何汉化都会发生。精英们受到了中国的影响，我怀疑这种情况是否会改变。
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Sinicization I believe would have happened either case. The elites were influenced by China. I doubt that would have changed.
我相信无论如何汉化都会发生。精英们受到了中国的影响，我怀疑这种情况是否会改变。
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Zinserhöhung
I am so amazed how Chinese and Indian cuisines, religions and cultures have influenced many countries in Southeast Asia from Thailand to Malaysia and from Indonesia to Vietnam in the past few centuries, you will not only see many local Chinese or Indians but also the Indian or Chinese footprints everywhere.
我对中国和印度的美食、宗教和文化如何在过去几个世纪里影响了东南亚许多国家，从泰国到马来西亚，从印度尼西亚到越南，感到非常惊讶。你不仅能看到许多当地的华人或印度人，还能看到印度或中国的足迹无处不在。
I am so amazed how Chinese and Indian cuisines, religions and cultures have influenced many countries in Southeast Asia from Thailand to Malaysia and from Indonesia to Vietnam in the past few centuries, you will not only see many local Chinese or Indians but also the Indian or Chinese footprints everywhere.
我对中国和印度的美食、宗教和文化如何在过去几个世纪里影响了东南亚许多国家，从泰国到马来西亚，从印度尼西亚到越南，感到非常惊讶。你不仅能看到许多当地的华人或印度人，还能看到印度或中国的足迹无处不在。
Max Than
Vietnam could be like Thailand. Thailand is quite Sinicized for an Indosphere country. Thailand actually received more culinary influences from China than India.
越南本来可以像泰国一样。作为一个印圈国家，泰国是相当中国化的。实际上，泰国从中国受到的烹饪影响比印度更多。
Vietnam could be like Thailand. Thailand is quite Sinicized for an Indosphere country. Thailand actually received more culinary influences from China than India.
越南本来可以像泰国一样。作为一个印圈国家，泰国是相当中国化的。实际上，泰国从中国受到的烹饪影响比印度更多。
Duong LE NGOC THAI
As far as i know, there were not Chinese characters on Dong Son bronze drums. Please recheck this fact. The rest of writing is good!
据我所知，东山铜鼓上没有汉字。请重新核实这个事实。剩下的部分写得很好!
As far as i know, there were not Chinese characters on Dong Son bronze drums. Please recheck this fact. The rest of writing is good!
据我所知，东山铜鼓上没有汉字。请重新核实这个事实。剩下的部分写得很好!
Tao Deng
The advanced culture brought by China is the basis for Vietnam to lead other countries in the Indochina Peninsula. Without Chinese rule, Vietnam would soon be annexed by other countries in Indochina.
中国带来的先进文化是越南在印度支那半岛领先其他国家的基础。如果没有中国的统治，越南很快会被印度支那的其他国家吞并。
The advanced culture brought by China is the basis for Vietnam to lead other countries in the Indochina Peninsula. Without Chinese rule, Vietnam would soon be annexed by other countries in Indochina.
中国带来的先进文化是越南在印度支那半岛领先其他国家的基础。如果没有中国的统治，越南很快会被印度支那的其他国家吞并。
Kirigawa Yoshikuni
Japan isn't part of Chinese cultural sphere. Kanji and many so called Chinese culture predates formation of Chinese identity. Japan has longest continuous history.
日本并不属于中国文化圈。 汉字和许多所谓的中国文化在中国身份形成之前就存在。日本有着最长的连续历史。
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Japan isn't part of Chinese cultural sphere. Kanji and many so called Chinese culture predates formation of Chinese identity. Japan has longest continuous history.
日本并不属于中国文化圈。 汉字和许多所谓的中国文化在中国身份形成之前就存在。日本有着最长的连续历史。
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Srinivasan
There is nothing called INDIC or INDO EUROPEAN languages in the world. All the languges of europe have emerged from sanskrit. Even english numbers are clandestinely modified from sanskrit numbers. English has no independent existence. English is derived from earlier european languages. Earlier european languages were derived from sanskrit.
世界上没有所谓的印度语或印欧语。欧洲所有的语言都是从梵语发展而来的。甚至英文数字也被秘密地从梵语数字修改而来。英语不是独立存在的。英语起源于早期的欧洲语言。早期的欧洲语言起源于梵语。
There is nothing called INDIC or INDO EUROPEAN languages in the world. All the languges of europe have emerged from sanskrit. Even english numbers are clandestinely modified from sanskrit numbers. English has no independent existence. English is derived from earlier european languages. Earlier european languages were derived from sanskrit.
世界上没有所谓的印度语或印欧语。欧洲所有的语言都是从梵语发展而来的。甚至英文数字也被秘密地从梵语数字修改而来。英语不是独立存在的。英语起源于早期的欧洲语言。早期的欧洲语言起源于梵语。
Regarding the religion. Buddha did not bring anything new. Buddha was nice humab being. Whatever buddha taught was from vedhas. Vedhas were in sanskrit languages. He reduced the sexted material into pali language. Asisn continent is mislead by a religion called buddhist. Budhha was only a teacher and feformer. If we recognise vedhas as our primary religious books there will be single vedic religion and we will be next to Christianty. Culturally there is no difference between Hindus and Buddhists.
关于宗教，佛陀并没有带来任何新东西。佛陀是一个善良的人。他所教的一切都来自吠陀。吠陀是用梵语写成的，他将选定的内容缩减为巴利语。亚洲大陆被一种叫做佛教的宗教误导了。佛陀只是一个老师和改革者。如果我们把吠陀作为主要宗教经典，那么我们将会有一个单一的吠陀宗教，并且我们将排在基督教之后。在文化上，印度教徒和佛教徒之间没有差异。
关于宗教，佛陀并没有带来任何新东西。佛陀是一个善良的人。他所教的一切都来自吠陀。吠陀是用梵语写成的，他将选定的内容缩减为巴利语。亚洲大陆被一种叫做佛教的宗教误导了。佛陀只是一个老师和改革者。如果我们把吠陀作为主要宗教经典，那么我们将会有一个单一的吠陀宗教，并且我们将排在基督教之后。在文化上，印度教徒和佛教徒之间没有差异。
Yap You Wai
but but the no. of ppl migrated from the north (both civilians and the armed groups abandoning northern dynasty) over time was overwhelming, bringing culture, language etc along? Understand the present govt tried to paint Dinh Tien Hoang as the 1st ruler (not Trieu Da) but by the time of his ruling of the land (or partial), plenty from the north had already came on-board?
但是，随着时间的推移，北方迁移过来的人（包括逃离北方朝代的平民和武装团体）的数量是压倒性的，他们带来了文化、语言等？虽然现在的政府试图将丁显皇描绘为第一位统治者（而不是赵大），但在他统治这片土地（或部分土地）时，北方的人已经大批来到南方了吗？
but but the no. of ppl migrated from the north (both civilians and the armed groups abandoning northern dynasty) over time was overwhelming, bringing culture, language etc along? Understand the present govt tried to paint Dinh Tien Hoang as the 1st ruler (not Trieu Da) but by the time of his ruling of the land (or partial), plenty from the north had already came on-board?
但是，随着时间的推移，北方迁移过来的人（包括逃离北方朝代的平民和武装团体）的数量是压倒性的，他们带来了文化、语言等？虽然现在的政府试图将丁显皇描绘为第一位统治者（而不是赵大），但在他统治这片土地（或部分土地）时，北方的人已经大批来到南方了吗？
Trinh Trinh
War is always good for mankind. Without war, we will not have technology that we enjoy today. War makes vietnam stronger as a nation, vietnamese are more united and give us a will to fight.
战争对人类来说总是好的。如果没有战争，我们就不会有今天享受的技术。战争使越南成为一个更强大的国家，越南人更加团结，也让我们有了战斗的意志。
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War is always good for mankind. Without war, we will not have technology that we enjoy today. War makes vietnam stronger as a nation, vietnamese are more united and give us a will to fight.
战争对人类来说总是好的。如果没有战争，我们就不会有今天享受的技术。战争使越南成为一个更强大的国家，越南人更加团结，也让我们有了战斗的意志。
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Assistant
Speculating on hypothetical scenarios such as this can be quite complex and uncertain, as historical events have far-reaching consequences that are difficult to predict. However, we can explore some potential aspects of what Vietnam might be like if it had not been colonized by China and France:
推测像这样的假设情景可能相当复杂且不确定，因为历史事件的影响深远且难以预测。然而，我们可以探讨一些如果越南没有被中国和法国殖民，可能会出现的方面：
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Speculating on hypothetical scenarios such as this can be quite complex and uncertain, as historical events have far-reaching consequences that are difficult to predict. However, we can explore some potential aspects of what Vietnam might be like if it had not been colonized by China and France:
推测像这样的假设情景可能相当复杂且不确定，因为历史事件的影响深远且难以预测。然而，我们可以探讨一些如果越南没有被中国和法国殖民，可能会出现的方面：
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Culture and Language: Without the influence of Chinese and French colonization, Vietnamese culture and language may have evolved differently. Chinese influence, which dates back over two millennia, has had a profound impact on Vietnamese culture, language, and governance systems. Without this influence, Vietnamese culture and language might have developed along different lines, possibly retaining more indigenous elements.
文化和语言：如果没有中国和法国的殖民影响，越南的文化和语言可能会有不同的发展。中国的影响已有两千多年，对越南的文化、语言和治理体系产生了深远的影响。如果没有这种影响，越南的文化和语言可能会沿着不同的方向发展，可能会保留更多的本土元素。
文化和语言：如果没有中国和法国的殖民影响，越南的文化和语言可能会有不同的发展。中国的影响已有两千多年，对越南的文化、语言和治理体系产生了深远的影响。如果没有这种影响，越南的文化和语言可能会沿着不同的方向发展，可能会保留更多的本土元素。
Political System: The colonization of Vietnam by France greatly influenced the country's political system and modernization efforts. Without French colonization, Vietnam might have evolved politically in a different manner, possibly retaining traditional governance structures or adopting different models of governance from neighboring regions.
政治体制： 法国对越南的殖民化对该国的政治体制和现代化进程产生了重大影响。如果没有法国殖民，越南的政治演变可能会有所不同，可能会保留传统的治理结构或采纳邻近地区的不同治理模式。
政治体制： 法国对越南的殖民化对该国的政治体制和现代化进程产生了重大影响。如果没有法国殖民，越南的政治演变可能会有所不同，可能会保留传统的治理结构或采纳邻近地区的不同治理模式。
Economic Development: Both Chinese and French colonization played a significant role in shaping Vietnam's economy. Without colonization, Vietnam might have followed a different economic trajectory, potentially focusing more on indigenous industries and trade patterns.
经济发展： 中法两国的殖民化在塑造越南经济方面都发挥了重要作用。如果没有殖民化，越南可能会走上一条不同的经济轨迹，可能会更加关注本土产业和贸易模式。
经济发展： 中法两国的殖民化在塑造越南经济方面都发挥了重要作用。如果没有殖民化，越南可能会走上一条不同的经济轨迹，可能会更加关注本土产业和贸易模式。
International Relations: The historical presence of China and France in Vietnam has had lasting impacts on the country's international relations. Without colonization, Vietnam's relationships with neighboring countries and the wider world might have developed differently.
Cultural Exchange: Colonization brought about cultural exchange and the introduction of new ideas, technologies, and practices to Vietnam. Without colonization, the pace and nature of cultural exchange with other regions might have been different.
国际关系：中国和法国在越南的历史存在对该国的国际关系产生了持久影响。如果没有殖民，越南与邻国及更广泛世界的关系可能会有不同的发展。
文化交流：殖民带来了文化交流和新思想、技术、实践的引入。如果没有殖民，与其他地区的文化交流的速度和性质可能会有所不同。
Cultural Exchange: Colonization brought about cultural exchange and the introduction of new ideas, technologies, and practices to Vietnam. Without colonization, the pace and nature of cultural exchange with other regions might have been different.
国际关系：中国和法国在越南的历史存在对该国的国际关系产生了持久影响。如果没有殖民，越南与邻国及更广泛世界的关系可能会有不同的发展。
文化交流：殖民带来了文化交流和新思想、技术、实践的引入。如果没有殖民，与其他地区的文化交流的速度和性质可能会有所不同。
It's important to note that the history of Vietnam is complex, and various factors beyond just colonization have shaped the country's development. While it is interesting to speculate on alternate histories, it is difficult to predict with certainty how Vietnam would have evolved without the influence of China and France.
值得注意的是，越南的历史十分复杂，除了殖民化之外，还有许多其他因素塑造了该国的发展。虽然对替代历史的推测很有趣，但很难确定如果没有中国和法国的影响，越南会如何演变。
值得注意的是，越南的历史十分复杂，除了殖民化之外，还有许多其他因素塑造了该国的发展。虽然对替代历史的推测很有趣，但很难确定如果没有中国和法国的影响，越南会如何演变。
Hoang Pham
The southern part of Vietnam only became part of the country for the last 300 years, so it would be highly possible that the Champa kingdom (modern central Vietnam) would stay as is, and the Prey Nokor region (modern south Vietnam) would stay with Cambodia. The country of Vietnam wouldn’t be named as such either because it is a sinicized name itself.
越南南部只有在过去300年才成为该国的一部分，因此很有可能占据现代中部越南的占婆王国会保持原样，而现代南部越南的Prey Nokor地区会继续属于柬埔寨。越南这个国家也不会被这样命名，因为它本身就是一个汉化的名字。
The southern part of Vietnam only became part of the country for the last 300 years, so it would be highly possible that the Champa kingdom (modern central Vietnam) would stay as is, and the Prey Nokor region (modern south Vietnam) would stay with Cambodia. The country of Vietnam wouldn’t be named as such either because it is a sinicized name itself.
越南南部只有在过去300年才成为该国的一部分，因此很有可能占据现代中部越南的占婆王国会保持原样，而现代南部越南的Prey Nokor地区会继续属于柬埔寨。越南这个国家也不会被这样命名，因为它本身就是一个汉化的名字。
There is a theory that the natives of the land (North of modern Vietnam) branched out from the first Chinese domination around 2000 years ago into “Kinh” and “Mường". As a result, the natives that were sinicized, or hybrid Chinese - Mường are known today as “Kinh”, while the “Mường" term itself is what Kinh use to refer to the branch that managed to keep themselves together, and from any foreign influence. Nowadays, Kinh is the majority of the Vietnamese population (84%+) and the term is sometimes misused as the definition of “Vietnamese”, and Mường is recognized by the Vietnamese/Kinh as an ethnic minority group.
有一种理论认为，约2000年前在第一次中国统治时期，现今越南北部的原住民分化成了“京”族和“苗”族。因此，那些受到汉化或中越混合影响的原住民被称为“京”族，而“苗”族则是指那些能够保持自己独立、不受外来影响的群体。如今，京族是越南人口的主要部分（超过84%），这个词有时被误用来指代“越南人”，而苗族则被越南人/京族认定为一个少数民族群体。
有一种理论认为，约2000年前在第一次中国统治时期，现今越南北部的原住民分化成了“京”族和“苗”族。因此，那些受到汉化或中越混合影响的原住民被称为“京”族，而“苗”族则是指那些能够保持自己独立、不受外来影响的群体。如今，京族是越南人口的主要部分（超过84%），这个词有时被误用来指代“越南人”，而苗族则被越南人/京族认定为一个少数民族群体。
So maybe “the Vietnamese” in that parallel world would be like them.
Read more about them from:
http://muong.vn/en
所以，也许在那个平行世界中的“越南人”会像他们一样。
阅读更多关于他们的信息:
Read more about them from:
http://muong.vn/en
所以，也许在那个平行世界中的“越南人”会像他们一样。
阅读更多关于他们的信息:
http://muong.vn/en
Muhammad Arif Prasetyawan
It could’ve gone two different ways: Indianization/Sinicization! Without Chinese occupation, Vietnamese might have been influenced by the southern Indianized kingdoms became Indianized itself, & Champa wouldn’t have been wiped out! At later periods, it might’ve been Islamized by Maritime Southeast Asia just like Champa, or it could’ve stayed Indianized like other Mainland Southeast Asia, sharing cultural heritage with Thailand, Laos, & Cambodia! Language-wise, majority of loanwords would have been from Indic languages, & their scxt would’ve long been the phonetic abugida scxt, sharing similarities & origin with Thai, Lao, & Cambodian languages!
这可能会有两种不同的发展方向：印度化或汉化！如果没有中国的占领，越南可能会受到南部印度化王国的影响，最终自身也变得印度化，而占婆也不会被灭绝。在后期，它可能会像占婆一样被海洋东南亚地区的伊斯兰化，或者像其他大陆东南亚国家一样保持印度化，与泰国、老挝和柬埔寨分享文化遗产！在语言方面，大多数借词可能会来自印地语系语言，它们的文字系统可能会是音节文字，类似于泰语、老挝语和柬埔寨语。
Muhammad Arif Prasetyawan
It could’ve gone two different ways: Indianization/Sinicization! Without Chinese occupation, Vietnamese might have been influenced by the southern Indianized kingdoms became Indianized itself, & Champa wouldn’t have been wiped out! At later periods, it might’ve been Islamized by Maritime Southeast Asia just like Champa, or it could’ve stayed Indianized like other Mainland Southeast Asia, sharing cultural heritage with Thailand, Laos, & Cambodia! Language-wise, majority of loanwords would have been from Indic languages, & their scxt would’ve long been the phonetic abugida scxt, sharing similarities & origin with Thai, Lao, & Cambodian languages!
这可能会有两种不同的发展方向：印度化或汉化！如果没有中国的占领，越南可能会受到南部印度化王国的影响，最终自身也变得印度化，而占婆也不会被灭绝。在后期，它可能会像占婆一样被海洋东南亚地区的伊斯兰化，或者像其他大陆东南亚国家一样保持印度化，与泰国、老挝和柬埔寨分享文化遗产！在语言方面，大多数借词可能会来自印地语系语言，它们的文字系统可能会是音节文字，类似于泰语、老挝语和柬埔寨语。
However, it could’ve also been Sinicized either way! Several Đông Sơn drums created before Chinese occupation at northern Vietnam were found with Chinese characters on them! This could’ve meant that Vietnam, whether it was conquered/not, were on the verge of willing Sinicization like Korea & Japan! Therefore, it might’ve just ended up like today, but has less similarities with China! Language-wise majority of loanwords would still be from Sinitic languages, just not as many as now! Without French colonization, Vietnam would’ve still retained its Sinitic writing system, & at the dawn of Westernization that favored widespread literacy, would’ve standardized chữ Nôm completely, allowing mass education!
然而，无论哪种情况，它也可能被汉化！在中国占领之前发现的几个东山鼓上刻有汉字，这可能意味着越南，无论是被征服还是未被征服，都接近于愿意汉化，类似于韩国和日本！因此，它可能会像今天一样，但与中国的相似性较少！在语言方面，大多数借词仍会来自汉语系语言，只是没有现在这么多！如果没有法国殖民，越南将继续保留其汉字书写系统，并且在西方化的曙光下，倾向于普及教育的情况下，会完全标准化“喃字”，从而实现大众教育。
然而，无论哪种情况，它也可能被汉化！在中国占领之前发现的几个东山鼓上刻有汉字，这可能意味着越南，无论是被征服还是未被征服，都接近于愿意汉化，类似于韩国和日本！因此，它可能会像今天一样，但与中国的相似性较少！在语言方面，大多数借词仍会来自汉语系语言，只是没有现在这么多！如果没有法国殖民，越南将继续保留其汉字书写系统，并且在西方化的曙光下，倾向于普及教育的情况下，会完全标准化“喃字”，从而实现大众教育。
Thanh Pham
Good question you should go and dig in to the history of our country more and analyze the pro and coin of each event, I give you a hint the French did give you the Alphabetical representation of our language but actually it was the gift from god, because god required the Catholic priest to have PHD in Divinity and written and spoken seven languages so they become experts in Linguistics, this is the talent god given them to eliminate illiteracy around the world to pay off a portion of their government imposed on the poverty population of the world
这是个好问题，你应该深入研究我们国家的历史，分析每个事件的利与弊。我给你一个提示，法国确实给予了我们字母书写系统，但实际上这是神的恩赐，因为神要求天主教神父拥有神学博士学位，并且能够书写和讲述七种语言，因此他们成为了语言学专家。这是神赋予他们的才能，以消除世界上的文盲，部分补偿了政府对贫困人口的负担。
Good question you should go and dig in to the history of our country more and analyze the pro and coin of each event, I give you a hint the French did give you the Alphabetical representation of our language but actually it was the gift from god, because god required the Catholic priest to have PHD in Divinity and written and spoken seven languages so they become experts in Linguistics, this is the talent god given them to eliminate illiteracy around the world to pay off a portion of their government imposed on the poverty population of the world
这是个好问题，你应该深入研究我们国家的历史，分析每个事件的利与弊。我给你一个提示，法国确实给予了我们字母书写系统，但实际上这是神的恩赐，因为神要求天主教神父拥有神学博士学位，并且能够书写和讲述七种语言，因此他们成为了语言学专家。这是神赋予他们的才能，以消除世界上的文盲，部分补偿了政府对贫困人口的负担。
Don’t forget in any event there are many angels of the consequences looking at all and using your thinking and experience and your teacher and family the people with good knowledge and experience to analyze all angles for the future of their children and their country not for their own political ambition
无论如何，不要忘记有许多方面在考量所有的后果。利用你的思维和经验，还有你的老师和家人，以及那些具备良好知识和经验的人，来全面分析未来对他们的孩子和国家的影响，而不是为了自己的政治野心。
无论如何，不要忘记有许多方面在考量所有的后果。利用你的思维和经验，还有你的老师和家人，以及那些具备良好知识和经验的人，来全面分析未来对他们的孩子和国家的影响，而不是为了自己的政治野心。
Thanh Pham
Yes thank you for your comments my next generation should have good understanding of the reason I came to this country, and they obviously will be a good US citizens but my mother country history needs to be know by them in real analysts like you seen in the University of California
是的，谢谢你的评论。我希望我的下一代能充分理解我来到这个国家的原因，他们显然会成为优秀的美国公民，但他们也需要了解我母国的历史，就像你在加州大学所看到的那样。
Yes thank you for your comments my next generation should have good understanding of the reason I came to this country, and they obviously will be a good US citizens but my mother country history needs to be know by them in real analysts like you seen in the University of California
是的，谢谢你的评论。我希望我的下一代能充分理解我来到这个国家的原因，他们显然会成为优秀的美国公民，但他们也需要了解我母国的历史，就像你在加州大学所看到的那样。
Angelica Corvinus
If framce not conquer vietnam, vietnam would not use vietnamese character. They would still use Chinese. They would not use trûg voc.
如果法国没有征服越南，越南可能不会使用越南字母。它们可能仍然会使用汉字，而不会使用“喃字”。
If framce not conquer vietnam, vietnam would not use vietnamese character. They would still use Chinese. They would not use trûg voc.
如果法国没有征服越南，越南可能不会使用越南字母。它们可能仍然会使用汉字，而不会使用“喃字”。
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