SpaceX公司成功开展人类历史上首次商业太空行走
正文翻译
On September 12, Musk's SpaceX successfully carried out the "Polaris Dawn" commercial spacewalk mission. Billionaire Jared Isaacman and SpaceX engineer Sarah Gillis each went out of the spacecraft and took a short "walk" in space.
9月12日，马斯克旗下的SpaceX公司成功开展「北极星黎明」商业太空行走任务。 亿万富翁贾里德·艾萨克曼和SpaceX的工程师莎拉·吉利斯分别出舱在太空进行了短暂的「行走」。
On September 12, Musk's SpaceX successfully carried out the "Polaris Dawn" commercial spacewalk mission. Billionaire Jared Isaacman and SpaceX engineer Sarah Gillis each went out of the spacecraft and took a short "walk" in space.
9月12日，马斯克旗下的SpaceX公司成功开展「北极星黎明」商业太空行走任务。 亿万富翁贾里德·艾萨克曼和SpaceX的工程师莎拉·吉利斯分别出舱在太空进行了短暂的「行走」。
This was the first commercial spacewalk in human history, and Isaacman became the first non-professional astronaut to complete a spacewalk, and none of the four people in the space capsule were from a government agency. During this space flight, Isaacman also created an interesting history, becoming the first person to bet on a sports game in space.
这是人类有史以来第一次商业太空行走，艾萨克曼也成为第一个完成太空行走的非职业航天员，而且太空舱内的四人里没有一人来自政府机构。 在本次宇航飞行中，艾萨克曼还创造了一项有趣的历史，成为第一个在太空中押注体育比赛的人。
这是人类有史以来第一次商业太空行走，艾萨克曼也成为第一个完成太空行走的非职业航天员，而且太空舱内的四人里没有一人来自政府机构。 在本次宇航飞行中，艾萨克曼还创造了一项有趣的历史，成为第一个在太空中押注体育比赛的人。
In recent years, major companies have entered the space travel market, and SpaceX expects that 3-6 commercial space flights per year will become the norm in the future. Some billionaires are willing to "spend a lot of money" just to experience the short-term weightlessness in space for even a few minutes.
近年来，各大公司纷纷入局太空旅行市场，SpaceX预计未来每年3-6次商业太空飞行将成为常态。 一些亿万富翁愿意「一掷千金」，只为在太空中体验哪怕只有几分钟的短暂失重刺激。
近年来，各大公司纷纷入局太空旅行市场，SpaceX预计未来每年3-6次商业太空飞行将成为常态。 一些亿万富翁愿意「一掷千金」，只为在太空中体验哪怕只有几分钟的短暂失重刺激。
Unlike simply paying for a ticket to enter the capsule, Isaacman is working with SpaceX this time by sharing the R&D costs, with the goal of testing SpaceX's spacesuit in space. Isaacman declined to disclose how much money he has borne, but it is estimated that his share is about $200 million. In addition, another purpose of his trip is to do public welfare publicity for St. Jude Hospital, which focuses on cancer research. His goal is to raise $200 million, half of which he will pay himself.
和纯粹的花钱买票进舱不同，本次艾萨克曼是以分担研发费用的方式与SpaceX合作，目的是在太空中测试SpaceX的太空衣。 艾萨克曼拒绝透露他承担了多少资金，但据估算其份额约为2亿美元。 此外，他此行的另一个目的是为以癌症研究为主的圣犹他医院做公益宣传，他的目标是筹款2亿美元，其中一半由他本人支付。
和纯粹的花钱买票进舱不同，本次艾萨克曼是以分担研发费用的方式与SpaceX合作，目的是在太空中测试SpaceX的太空衣。 艾萨克曼拒绝透露他承担了多少资金，但据估算其份额约为2亿美元。 此外，他此行的另一个目的是为以癌症研究为主的圣犹他医院做公益宣传，他的目标是筹款2亿美元，其中一半由他本人支付。
As early as 2021, Isaacman led the "Inspiration 4" space mission. The four crew members who went into space were all civilians, including bone cancer survivors, veterans, and amateur flying enthusiasts. In order to complete this mission, Isaacman and his friend, former Air Force fighter pilot Scott Poteet, and two SpaceX engineers trained for several months, and the launch was delayed for several weeks due to weather reasons.
早在2021年，艾萨克曼就领导过灵感4号宇航任务，升入太空的机组4人全部来自民间，包括骨癌幸存者、退伍老兵和业余飞行爱好者等。 为了完成这趟任务，艾萨克曼和自己的好友、前空军战斗机飞行员斯科特·波提特以及2名SpaceX工程师训练了数月之久，而发射因天气原因被延期数周。
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早在2021年，艾萨克曼就领导过灵感4号宇航任务，升入太空的机组4人全部来自民间，包括骨癌幸存者、退伍老兵和业余飞行爱好者等。 为了完成这趟任务，艾萨克曼和自己的好友、前空军战斗机飞行员斯科特·波提特以及2名SpaceX工程师训练了数月之久，而发射因天气原因被延期数周。
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At 5:23 a.m. EST on September 10, the Falcon 9 rocket carrying the Dragon spacecraft was launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. On the 11th, the Dragon spacecraft and the Polaris Dawn mission team entered an orbit with a perigee of about 190 kilometers and an apogee of about 1,400 kilometers. After completing six orbits at this altitude, the Dragon spacecraft switched to an orbit with a perigee of about 190 kilometers and an apogee of about 700 kilometers, and planned to conduct the first commercial spacewalk at an altitude of about 700 kilometers from the ground.
美东时间9月10日5时23分，搭载「龙」飞船的「猎鹰9」火箭从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心发射升空。 11日，龙飞船携北极星黎明任务团队进入近地点约190公里、远地点约1400公里的轨道。 「龙」飞船在这一高度完成6次绕地飞行后，切换至近地点约190公里、远地点约700公里的轨道，计划在距离地面约700公里的高度进行首次商业太空行走。
美东时间9月10日5时23分，搭载「龙」飞船的「猎鹰9」火箭从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心发射升空。 11日，龙飞船携北极星黎明任务团队进入近地点约190公里、远地点约1400公里的轨道。 「龙」飞船在这一高度完成6次绕地飞行后，切换至近地点约190公里、远地点约700公里的轨道，计划在距离地面约700公里的高度进行首次商业太空行走。
The spacewalk officially began at about 6:50 a.m. EST on September 12. Isaacman opened the hatch, climbed up the ladder to look out, and bent his elbows to test the material of his space suit. From the camera on his helmet, it can be seen that the spacecraft is over the South Pacific. Isaacman sighed, "Although there is a lot of work to do after returning home, the earth is really a perfect world at this time."
美东时间9月12日6时50分许，太空行走正式开始。 艾萨克曼打开舱门，爬上梯子向外张望，并且做出弯曲手肘等动作以测试太空衣材料。 从他头盔上的摄像画面可以看出，此时飞船正在南太平洋上空。 艾萨克曼感叹到，「虽然回家以后有很多工作要做，但此时的地球真是个完美的世界」。
美东时间9月12日6时50分许，太空行走正式开始。 艾萨克曼打开舱门，爬上梯子向外张望，并且做出弯曲手肘等动作以测试太空衣材料。 从他头盔上的摄像画面可以看出，此时飞船正在南太平洋上空。 艾萨克曼感叹到，「虽然回家以后有很多工作要做，但此时的地球真是个完美的世界」。
Isaacman returned to the space capsule ten minutes later, and SpaceX engineer Sarah Gillis took over his space suit test, which also took about ten minutes. The hatch of the spacecraft is open for only more than half an hour, while in NASA's space missions, the hatch often needs to be open for more than ten hours, and astronauts will go out of the cabin in pairs, performing tasks in groups of two.
艾萨克曼在十分钟之后返回了太空舱，SpaceX的工程师莎拉·吉利斯接替他进行太空衣测试，时间也大约是十分钟。 飞船的舱门开放时间只有半个多小时，而在美国宇航局的太空任务中，舱门往往需要打开十几个小时，航天员会成对出舱，两人一组执行任务。
艾萨克曼在十分钟之后返回了太空舱，SpaceX的工程师莎拉·吉利斯接替他进行太空衣测试，时间也大约是十分钟。 飞船的舱门开放时间只有半个多小时，而在美国宇航局的太空任务中，舱门往往需要打开十几个小时，航天员会成对出舱，两人一组执行任务。
In addition, during this mission, although most of Isaacman and Gillis' bodies were outside the cabin, their feet were still inside the cabin and their hands were tightly holding the stairs, so they were not "floating in space" in the strict sense. Even so, the danger they faced was still very high, and there were phenomena such as the hatch failing to open automatically and bulging at the seal.
此外，在此次任务中，艾萨克曼和吉利斯虽然大部分身体探出了舱外，但脚仍在舱内，而且手上紧紧抓住楼梯，因此并非严格意义上的「太空漂浮」。 即使如此，他们面临的危险仍然很高，现场出现了舱门无法自动打开以及密封处凸起的现象。
此外，在此次任务中，艾萨克曼和吉利斯虽然大部分身体探出了舱外，但脚仍在舱内，而且手上紧紧抓住楼梯，因此并非严格意义上的「太空漂浮」。 即使如此，他们面临的危险仍然很高，现场出现了舱门无法自动打开以及密封处凸起的现象。
Isaacman was born on February 11, 1983 in unx City, New Jersey. He claimed that he was "a bad student since childhood and didn't like being in the classroom." He dropped out of high school at the age of 15, and at the age of 16, he founded the successful payment company Shift4 Payments in the basement of his parents' home. The company is currently responsible for processing payments for one-third of restaurants and hotels in the United States, including well-known brands such as Hilton, Four Seasons, KFC and Arby's, and processes more than $260 billion in transactions each year.
艾萨克曼1983年2月11日出生在新泽西州联合市，他自称「从小就是一个糟糕的学生，不喜欢待在教室」。 他在15岁就辍学离开高中，16岁那年他在父母家里的地下室创办了成功的支付企业Shift4 Payments。 目前该公司负责处理美国三分之一的餐厅和酒店的付款，其中包括希尔顿、四季酒店、肯德基和Arby's等知名品牌，每年处理的交易金额超过2600亿美元。
艾萨克曼1983年2月11日出生在新泽西州联合市，他自称「从小就是一个糟糕的学生，不喜欢待在教室」。 他在15岁就辍学离开高中，16岁那年他在父母家里的地下室创办了成功的支付企业Shift4 Payments。 目前该公司负责处理美国三分之一的餐厅和酒店的付款，其中包括希尔顿、四季酒店、肯德基和Arby's等知名品牌，每年处理的交易金额超过2600亿美元。
After his success in the payment field, Isaacman also founded Draken International in 2011, which trains Air Force pilots. The company currently owns the world's largest private military aircraft fleet. In 2019, Isaacman sold a majority stake in Draken International to Wall Street's Blackstone Group, making himself a billionaire. Forbes magazine estimates that Isaacman's personal net worth is approximately US$1.9 billion.
在支付领域取得成功后，艾萨克曼还于2011年创立了培训空军飞行员的Draken International，该公司目前拥有世界上最大的私人军用飞机机队。 2019年，艾萨克曼将Draken International的多数股权出售给了华尔街黑石集团，从而使自己跻身亿万富翁行列。 福布斯杂志估计，艾萨克曼的个人净资产大约为19亿美元。
在支付领域取得成功后，艾萨克曼还于2011年创立了培训空军飞行员的Draken International，该公司目前拥有世界上最大的私人军用飞机机队。 2019年，艾萨克曼将Draken International的多数股权出售给了华尔街黑石集团，从而使自己跻身亿万富翁行列。 福布斯杂志估计，艾萨克曼的个人净资产大约为19亿美元。
Isaacman is a "thrill seeker" in life. His biggest hobby is "flying a MiG fighter at supersonic speed to get rid of the tension and boredom of working more than 80 hours a week." In 2009, he also set the fastest time record for round-the-world flight, which was broken by New Zealander Andrew in 2018.
在生活中艾萨克曼是一个「寻求刺激的人」，他最大的业余爱好就是「以超音速的速度驾驶米格战斗机，以摆脱每周80多个小时不间断工作的紧张和枯燥」。 2009年，他还创下了环球飞行的最快用时纪录，该纪录在2018年才被新西兰人安德鲁打破。
在生活中艾萨克曼是一个「寻求刺激的人」，他最大的业余爱好就是「以超音速的速度驾驶米格战斗机，以摆脱每周80多个小时不间断工作的紧张和枯燥」。 2009年，他还创下了环球飞行的最快用时纪录，该纪录在2018年才被新西兰人安德鲁打破。
Isaacman once said: "I do believe that you only get one chance at life. You have an obligation to live it to the fullest, as long as you are able. You never know when it will be your last day."
艾萨克曼曾表示：「我确实相信生命只有一次机会。 只要你有能力，你就有义务充分享受生活。 你永远不知道什么时候会是你的最后一天。」
艾萨克曼曾表示：「我确实相信生命只有一次机会。 只要你有能力，你就有义务充分享受生活。 你永远不知道什么时候会是你的最后一天。」
In 1965, Soviet cosmonaut Alexi Leonov opened the precedent of spacewalking, and a few months later, Ed White of NASA also performed a spacewalk. As of the 12th of this month, a total of 263 people from 12 countries have performed spacewalks. Spacewalks have always been considered very dangerous and were previously performed by professional astronauts.
1965年，苏联航天员阿列克谢·列昂诺夫开启了太空行走的先例，几个月后美国宇航局的埃德·怀特也进行了太空行走。 截至本月12日，共有来自12个国家的263人进行过太空行走。 太空行走一向被认为是非常危险的动作，此前都由专业航天员完成。
1965年，苏联航天员阿列克谢·列昂诺夫开启了太空行走的先例，几个月后美国宇航局的埃德·怀特也进行了太空行走。 截至本月12日，共有来自12个国家的263人进行过太空行走。 太空行走一向被认为是非常危险的动作，此前都由专业航天员完成。
"A spacewalk is completely different than just riding on a rocket, getting some zero-G time and coming back to Earth," said retired NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy.
美国宇航局退休航天员克里斯·卡西迪说：「太空行走与仅仅乘坐火箭、获得一些零重力时间并返回地球是完全不同的。」
美国宇航局退休航天员克里斯·卡西迪说：「太空行走与仅仅乘坐火箭、获得一些零重力时间并返回地球是完全不同的。」
Cassidy worried that Isaacman was setting a bad precedent by which wealthy people could "jump the queue" for spacewalks with minimal training.
卡西迪担心艾萨克曼起到了一个不好的先例，即富人可能只经过极少的训练就插队进行太空行走。
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卡西迪担心艾萨克曼起到了一个不好的先例，即富人可能只经过极少的训练就插队进行太空行走。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Ilan Kelman, a risk and disaster analyst at University College London, said it was "inevitable" that non-professionals would eventually participate in spacewalks, but he expected that there would be casualties in the process. "There are many things we can and should do to reduce the risk, but we have to be completely honest with anyone involved, especially when a major accident occurs, the chances of being rescued are low."
伦敦大学学院风险与灾难分析师伊兰·凯尔曼表示，非专业人员最终将参与太空行走是「不可避免的趋势」，但他预计这一过程中可能会出现人员伤亡。 「我们可以也应该做很多事情来降低风险，但我们必须对任何参与者完全诚实，尤其是当发生重大事故时，获救的可能性很低。」
伦敦大学学院风险与灾难分析师伊兰·凯尔曼表示，非专业人员最终将参与太空行走是「不可避免的趋势」，但他预计这一过程中可能会出现人员伤亡。 「我们可以也应该做很多事情来降低风险，但我们必须对任何参与者完全诚实，尤其是当发生重大事故时，获救的可能性很低。」
Isaacman himself admitted after returning to the capsule that the mission was very difficult, but he hopes to contribute to the exploration of space. "I was not born when humans walked on the moon. I want my children to be able to jump and walk on the moon and Mars in spacesuits and venture out to explore our solar system."
艾萨克曼本人在回到舱内后承认，这次任务非常艰难，但他希望为探索太空作出贡献。 「人类在月球上行走时我还没有出生。 我希望我的孩子们能穿着太空衣在月球和火星上蹦蹦跳跳地行走，并冒险探索我们的太阳系。」
艾萨克曼本人在回到舱内后承认，这次任务非常艰难，但他希望为探索太空作出贡献。 「人类在月球上行走时我还没有出生。 我希望我的孩子们能穿着太空衣在月球和火星上蹦蹦跳跳地行走，并冒险探索我们的太阳系。」
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